Answer:
Protons = 50
Mass number = 119
Explanation:
A neutral of tin, Sn, has a Z value of 50 and neutrons are 69.
Z is the atomic number. The atomic number is equal to number of protons or number of electrons in an atom that is neutral i.e:
Z = PROTONS = ELECTRONS
So the number of protons = 50 since Z is 50
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>¦
The bulk of the mass of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus. To calculate mass number, we simply sum all the elementary particles in the nucleus i.e protons and neutrons. These particles are called the nucleons.
Mass number (A) = P + N
= 50 + 69
= 119
Answer: 119
Explanation:
Suppose that the sun shrank in size but that its mass remained the same. What would happen to the orbit of the earth?
Answer:
Nothing
Explanation:
The radius of the orbit of the Earth does not depend on the radius of the sun.
In fact, the gravitational attraction between the Earth and the Sun provides the centripetal force that keeps the Earth in orbit:
[tex]G\frac{Mm}{r^2} = m\frac{v^2}{r}[/tex]
where
G is the gravitational constant
M is the mass of the sun
m is the mass of the Earth
r is the radius of the orbit of the Earth
v is the orbital speed of the earth
Re-arranging the equation for r:
[tex]r=\frac{GM}{v^2}[/tex]
Also,
[tex]v=\omega r[/tex]
where [tex]\omega[/tex] is the angular velocity of the Earth's orbit. So we can rewrite the equation as
[tex]r=\frac{GM}{\omega^2 r^2}\\r^3 = \frac{GM}{\omega^2}[/tex]
As we see, the radius of the orbit of the Earth, r, does not depend on the mass of the Sun, so if the sun shrank in size, the orbit remains the same.
Final answer:
The Earth's orbit would remain unchanged if the Sun's size decreased but its mass remained the same since gravitational force depends on mass, not size. The orbital period would also be unchanged if the Sun turned into a black hole with the same mass. However, if the Sun shrank to a certain point, it would become a black hole.
Explanation:
If the Sun shrank in size while its mass remained the same, the Earth's orbit would not change. This is because the gravitational force between two objects depends on their masses and the distance between them, not their sizes. According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers. Therefore, as long as the mass of the Sun and the distance between the Earth and the Sun remains constant, the gravitational force and thus the orbit would remain unaffected.
If the Sun were to collapse into a black hole of the same mass, the Earth's orbital period would remain the same. That's because the Earth's orbit depends on the mass of the Sun, as described by Kepler's third law, which relates the period of an orbit to the distance from the focus (in this case, the Sun or black hole) and the mass of the object being orbited.
However, if the Sun collapsed beyond a particular point, general relativity tells us that the curvature of spacetime would get larger. If it shrank to a diameter of about 6 kilometers, it would become a black hole, and only light beams sent out perpendicular to the surface would escape. Even a slight further shrinkage would trap all light, rendering the Sun a black hole.
What is the term for the depth of the water needed to float a boat clear of the bottom?
it is the vertical distance between the waterline and the bottom of hull and determines the minimum depth of water
The Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases Learning Goal To understand some aspects of molecular motion in the gas phase The kinetic molecular theory of gases explains how gas molecules behave in terms of motion, speed, and energy One important aspect of this theory deals with the relationship between temperature and the average speed of the gas molecules. Increasing the temperature of a gas sample increases the average kinetic energy of the molecules. The kinetic energy of a molecule determines its speed It is important to realize that not all molecules in a sample will have the same kinetic energy, which is why we refer to the average kinetic energy and the average speed. The speed of a particle with average kinetic energy is called the root mean square (rms) speed, vrms The rms speed may be expressed by the following equation: vrms=√3RT/MWhere R is the ideal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and M is the molar mass of the substance in kilograms per mole The constant motion of gas molecules causes diffusion and effusion. Diffusion is the gradual mixing of two substances resulting from the movement of their particles. Effusion is the gradual escape of gas molecules through microscopic holes in their container. Part A Which of the following state ments are true? Check all that apply The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature There are gas molecules that move faster than the average The temperature of a gas sample is independent of the average kinetic energy The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy
Answer:
The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature
There are gas molecules that move faster than the average
The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature
All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy
Explanation:
The average kinetic energy of the particles in an ideal monoatomic gas is given by:
[tex]E_k = \frac{3}{2}kT[/tex] (1)
where
k is the Boltzmann constant
T is the absolute temperature of the gas
While the rms speed of the particles in a gas is given by
[tex]v_{rms}= \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}[/tex] (2)
where
R is the gas constant
T is the absolute temperature
M is the molar mass
Let's now analyze each statement:
- The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature --> TRUE. If we look at eq.(1), we see that the average kinetic energy is directly proportional to the temperature.
- There are gas molecules that move faster than the average --> TRUE. The distribution of the speed of the particles in a gas is spread around the rms speed, but of course not all the particles are moving at that speed: some particles are moving faster, while some are moving slower.
- The temperature of a gas sample is independent of the average kinetic energy --> FALSE. As we see from eq.(1), the two quantities are related to each other.
- The average speed of gas molecules decreases with decreasing temperature --> TRUE. As we see from eq.(2), the average speed is proportional to the square root of the temperature: so, when the temperature decreases, the average speed decreases as well.
- All the gas molecules in a sample cannot have the same kinetic energy --> TRUE. In fact, each particle will have a different kinetic energy, depending on its speed (different speed means also different kinetic energy).
The Kinetic Molecular Theory denotes that with an increase in temperature, the average kinetic energy and speed of gas molecules also increase. Gas molecules can move faster or slower than the average speed, hence all molecules will not have the same kinetic energy. The temperature of a gas is not independent of the average kinetic energy.
Explanation:The Kinetic Molecular Theory of gases explains some key aspects of molecular motion within gases. The theory denotes that molecules are constantly in motion and the average speed of these molecules is determined by their absolute temperatures. As the temperature increases, so too does the average kinetic energy of the molecules, which in turn increases their speed.
Not all molecules in a gas sample will have the same kinetic energy; some will move faster than the average speed and others slower, lending to what we refer to as the average kinetic energy and average speed. The typical or root mean square (rms) speed of a particle with average kinetic energy can be expressed using the equation: vrms=√3RT/M, where R is the ideal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and M is the molar mass.
Moving on towards the state comparisons, the following statements are true: The average kinetic energy of gas molecules increases with increasing temperature; gas molecules can indeed move faster than the average speed; with a decrease in temperature, the average speed of the gas molecules decreases; all the gas molecules in a sample do not possess the same kinetic energy. The statement that classifies temperature of a gas sample as independent of the average kinetic energy is false.
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The best method for separating an oil and water mixture would be _____.
screening
magnetism
density
filtering
density..................your welcomr
The complete statement is "The best method for separating an oil and water mixture would be density". This is further explained below.
What is separation technique?Generally, Separation techniques are simply defined as methods for separating two distinct matter states.
In conclusion, The best method for separating an oil and water mixture would be through their density
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The most massive planet in the solar system is
Answer:
Jupiter
Largest Planet: Jupiter. The largest planet in our solar system by far is Jupiter, which beats out all the other planets in both mass and volume. Jupiter's mass is more than 300 times that of Earth, and its diameter, at 140,000 km, is about 11 times Earth's diameter.
Explanation:
Study the image.
At which point is subduction occurring?
1
2
3
4
Answer:
At point 4
Explanation:
Subduction is a geologic process which occurs at convergent plate margins.
Subduction occurs when a denser lithospheric plate goes beneath the lighter one. Generally, the lithosphere is made up of the crust and part of the mantle. The two moves slowly on the weak and plastic asthenosphere.
In a convergent plate margin, two plates comes together. When two plates comes together, it is either we have collision or subduction. When subduction occurs, denser plates goes beneath the less dense ones.
The average density of the continental crust is 2.9g/cm³ while that of the oceanic crust is 3.3g/cm³. The oceanic crust geos beneath the continental crust because it is denser. This is subduction.
Answer:
the answer is 4
Explanation:
Technician a says in a parallel circuit, the more branches that are added, the more current flow increases. technician b says a series-parallel circuit is made of parallel branches only. who is correct?
Technician-A is correct. His statement: "In a parallel circuit, the more branches that are added, the more current flow increases." is technically true.
Technician-B is incorrect. His statement: "A series-parallel circuit is made of parallel branches only." is technically false.
The more branches a parallel circuit has the more current flow in the circuit therefore ; Technician A is correct while Technician B is wrong
In a parallel circuit the increase in branches will lead a corresponding increase in the amount of current flow through the circuit because the Total amount of current flowing through a parallel circuit is a summation of the individual currents flowing through the branches
i.e. [tex]I_{T} = I_{1} + I_{2} + I_{3}[/tex]
But A series-parallel circuit is made up of both parallel and series branches as the name implies therefore Technician B is wrong
Hence we can conclude that the more branches a parallel circuit has the more current flow in the circuit hence Technician A is correct.
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What is the centripetal force that holds planets in orbit?
If we approximate the orbit of the planets around the Sun to circular orbits with a uniform circular motion, where the velocity [tex]\vec{V}[/tex] is a vector, whose direction is perpendicular to the radius [tex]r[/tex] of the trajectory; the acceleration [tex]\vec{a}[/tex] is directed towards the center of the circumference (that's why it's called centripetal acceleration).
Now, according to Newton's 2nd law, the force [tex]\vec{F}[/tex] is directly proportional and in the same direction as the acceleration:
[tex]\vec{F}=m.\vec{a}[/tex]
Therefore the net force resulting from the movement of a planet orbiting the Sun points towards the center of the circle, this is called Centripetal Force which is a central force that in this case is equal to the gravity force.
. In any energy transformation, energy is _____. destroyed created conserved
Answer: i believe it is conserved or stays the same.
Explanation: energy cant be destroyed no matter what and no energy is being created
I hope this helps a thank and a brainlist would be greatly appreciated
Answer: Nor
Explanation: In any energy transformation, energy is nor created destroyed or conserved
Kepler modified Copernicus's model of the universe by proposing that the
A. paths of the planets follow an elliptical orbit around the sun.
B. planets follow an elliptical orbit every leap year.
C. planets have their own orbits around themselves as they orbit the sun.
D. planets follow a circular orbit around the sun.
Answer:
A. paths of the planets follow an elliptical orbit around the sun.
Explanation:
Nicolás Copernicus formulated the heliocentric theory of the solar system, where the Sun is the one in the center with the planets moving around it, contradicting what was believed for the time that it was that the Earth was in the center and both the Sun and the planets revolved around him (geocentrism).
This was the basis for Kepler finally describing the planetary movement based on 3 mathematical expressions. These expressions start by saying that the orbits were not circular, if not elliptical, so that the planets are governed by the Pythagorean laws of harmony. His studies showed that the distances of the planets to the Sun drew parallel spheres, being the first to draw the concentric orbits of the planets in their orbits around the Sun.
Kepler's laws are the following:
- First law. The planets move in elliptical orbits, the sun being one of the foci.
- Second law. The radius vector that joins the center of the Sun with the center of a planet describes equal areas in equal times.
- Third law. The squares of the periods of the planets are proportional to the cubes of their distance from the Sun.
An organ pipe is 248 cm long.(a) Determine the fundamental overtone if the pipe is closed at one end.(b) Determine the first audible overtone if the pipe is closed at one end.(c) Determine the second audible overtone if the pipe is closed at one end.(d) Determine the third audible overtone if the pipe is closed at one end.(e) Determine the fundamental overtone if the pipe is open at both ends.(f) Determine the first audible overtone if the pipe is open at both ends.(g) Determine the second audible overtone if the pipe is open at both ends.(h) Determine the third audible overtone if the pipe is open at both end.
(a) 34.6 Hz
The fundamental frequency of a pipe closed at one end is given by
[tex]f_1 = \frac{v}{4 L}[/tex]
where
v = 343 m/s is the speed of the sound in air
L is the length of the pipe
In this problem,
L = 248 cm = 2.48 m
So, the fundamental frequency is
[tex]f_1 = \frac{343 m/s}{4 (2.48 m)}=34.6 Hz[/tex]
(b) 103.8 Hz
In a open-closed pipe, only odd harmonics are produced; therefore, the frequency of the first overtone (second harmonic) is given by:
[tex]f_2 = 3 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 34.6 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_2 = 3 (34.6 Hz)=103.8 Hz[/tex]
(c) 173 Hz
The frequency of the second overtone (third harmonic) is given by:
[tex]f_3 = 5 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 34.6 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_3 = 5 (34.6 Hz)=173 Hz[/tex]
(d) 242.2 Hz
The frequency of the third overtone (fourth harmonic) is given by:
[tex]f_4 = 7 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 34.6 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_4 = 7 (34.6 Hz)=242.2 Hz[/tex]
(e) 69.2 Hz
The fundamental frequency of a pipe open at both ends is given by
[tex]f_1 = \frac{v}{2 L}[/tex]
where
v = 343 m/s is the speed of the sound in air
L is the length of the pipe
In this problem,
L = 248 cm = 2.48 m
So, the fundamental frequency is
[tex]f_1 = \frac{343 m/s}{2 (2.48 m)}=69.2 Hz[/tex]
(f) 138.4 Hz
In a open-open pipe, both odd and even harmonics are produced; therefore, the frequency of the first overtone (second harmonic) is given by:
[tex]f_2 = 2 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 69.2 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_2 = 2 (69.2 Hz)=138.4 Hz[/tex]
(g) 207.6 Hz
The frequency of the second overtone (third harmonic) in an open-open pipe is given by:
[tex]f_3 = 3 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 69.2 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_3 = 3 (69.2 Hz)=207.6 Hz[/tex]
(h) 276.8 Hz
The frequency of the third overtone (fourth harmonic) in an open-open pipe is given by:
[tex]f_4 = 4 f_1[/tex]
where
[tex]f_1 = 69.2 Hz[/tex] is the fundamental frequency.
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]f_4 = 4 (69.2 Hz)=276.8 Hz[/tex]
A) Megan was doing time-trials on her bike around 400 metre horizontal track.
ii) Compare the forward force on the bike with the backward force on the bike when Megan was travelling at a constant speed.
B) Megan then crouched down over the handlebars to make herself more streamlined.
She continued to pedal with the same force as before.
i) Compare the forward and backward forces on Megan and her bike now.
ii) Explain your answer.
A) The forward force is equal to the backward force
In this problem:
- the forward force is the force that Megan applies to the pedal to go forward
- the backward force is due to the air resistance and the friction between the wheels and the track
In this case, Megan is travelling at constant speed. This means that her acceleration is zero:
a = 0
According to Newton's second law, the resultant of the forces acting on Megan is equal to the product between mass (m) and acceleration (a):
[tex]\sum F = ma[/tex]
However, a = 0, so the resultant of the forces is also zero:
[tex]\sum F =0[/tex]
and this implies that the forward force and the backward force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
B) The forward force is larger than the backward force
In this case, Megan crouched down in order to make herself more streamlined. As a result, the air resistance acting on Megan will decrease: so, the backward force will decrease, and therefore the forward force (which has remained the same) will be larger than the backward force.
So, the resultant force
[tex]\sum F[/tex]
will be no longer zero, and therefore the acceleration will be different from zero, which means that Megan will increase her speed.
two charged objects are a certain distance apart. what happens to the force between them if the distance is made a third of what it was?
Answer:
Force increases nine times its initial value
Explanation:
For charges, charged bodies very small compared to the distance [tex]r[/tex] that separates them, Coulomb discovered that the electric force is proportional to [tex]\frac{1}{r^{2}}[/tex]
So, if the distance is made a third of what it was, the force will be increased nine times its initial value
Positively-charged particles consisting of two protons and two neutrons emitted by radioactive materials are
A) beta particles.
Eliminate
B) gamma particles.
C) alpha particles.
D) positron particles
Answer:
The answer to your question is Alpha particles.
Explanation: An electron released by a radioactive nucleus that causes a neutron to change into a proton is called a beta particle.
Final answer:
The question refers to alpha particles, which consist of two protons and two neutrons and are symbolized by He or the Greek letter α. Alpha particles carry a positive charge and result in the atomic number decreasing by two and the mass number by four following emission.
Explanation:
The positively-charged particles emitted by radioactive materials that consist of two protons and two neutrons are known as alpha particles. These particles are the equivalent of a helium nucleus and carry a positive charge due to the protons. The atomic symbol for an alpha particle is either He or the Greek letter α, and this type of radioactive emission results in the reduction of the atomic number by two and the mass number by four. For example, when uranium-238 undergoes alpha decay, it emits an alpha particle and transforms into thorium-234.
In contrast, beta particles are electrons with a 1- charge and are represented as e or β. The emission of a beta particle results in the conversion of a neutron to a proton within the nucleus, increasing the atomic number by one without changing the mass number. Gamma rays, on the other hand, are high-energy electromagnetic radiation with no mass and hence are not particles. Lastly, positron particles are positively charged electrons (anti-electrons) and have negligible mass.
When an alpha particle is emitted from an unstable nucleus, the atomic mass numberof the nucleus A) increases by 4. B) decreases by 2. C) increases by 2. D) decreases by 4.
Answer:
D) Decreases by 4
Explanation:
The mass number of a nucleus is equal to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus:
A = p + n
where
p is the number of protons
n is the number of neutrons
An alpha particle is a nucleus of helium, consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons. This means that when an unstable nucleus emits an alpha particle, it loses 2 protons and 2 neutrons. Therefore, the new mass number of the nucleus will be
A' = (p-2) + (n-2) = p + n - 4 = A - 4
So, it will decrease by 4 units.
A proton accelerates from rest in a uniform electric field of 635 N/C. At some time later, its speed is 1.30 × 106 m/s. What is the magnitude of its acceleration? The mass of a proton is 1.6726 × 10−27 kg and the fundamental charge is 1.602 × 10−19 C . Answer in units of m/s 2 . 031 (part 2 of 4) 10.0 points How long does it take the proton to reach this speed? Answer in units of s. 032 (part 3 of 4) 10.0 points How far has it moved in this time interval? Answer in units of m. 033 (part 4 of 4) 10.0 points What is its kinetic energy
1) [tex]6.11\cdot 10^{10} m/s^2[/tex]
The force experienced by the proton is
[tex]F=qE[/tex]
where
[tex]q=1.6\cdot 10^{-19}C[/tex] is the proton charge
[tex]E=635 N/C[/tex] is the strength of the electric field
Substituting into the equation,
[tex]F=(1.6\cdot 10^{-19} C)(635 N/C)=1.02\cdot 10^{-16}N[/tex]
The acceleration of the proton is given by Newton's second law:
[tex]a=\frac{F}{m}[/tex]
where
[tex]F=1.02\cdot 10^{-16}N[/tex] is the force exerted on the proton
[tex]m=1.67\cdot 10^{-27} kg[/tex] is the proton's mass
Substituting,
[tex]a=\frac{1.02\cdot 10^{-16}N}{1.67\cdot 10^{-27}kg}=6.11\cdot 10^{10} m/s^2[/tex]
2) [tex]2.13\cdot 10^{-5} s[/tex]
We can use the following equation:
[tex]a=\frac{v-u}{t}[/tex]
where
[tex]a=6.11\cdot 10^{10} m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration of the proton
[tex]v=1.30\cdot 10^6 m/s[/tex] is the final velocity
u = 0 is the initial velocity
t is the time
Solving the equation for t, we find
[tex]t=\frac{v-u}{a}=\frac{1.30\cdot 10^6 m/s -0}{6.11\cdot 10^{10} m/s^2}=2.13\cdot 10^{-5} s[/tex]
3) 13.86 m
The distance travelled by the proton is given by the equation
[tex]d=ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]
where
u = 0 is the initial velocity
[tex]t=2.13\cdot 10^{-5} s[/tex] s the time
[tex]a=6.11\cdot 10^{10} m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration of the proton
Substituting,
[tex]d=0 + \frac{1}{2}(6.11\cdot 10^{10}m/s^2)(2.13\cdot 10^{-5} s)^2=13.86 m[/tex]
4) [tex]1.41\cdot 10^{-15} J[/tex]
The final kinetic energy of the proton is given by
[tex]K=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]
where we have
[tex]m=1.67\cdot 10^{-27} kg[/tex] is the proton's mass
[tex]v=1.30\cdot 10^6 m/s[/tex] is the final velocity
Substituting into the formula,
[tex]K=\frac{1}{2}(1.67\cdot 10^{-27}kg)(1.30\cdot 10^6 m/s)^2=1.41\cdot 10^{-15} J[/tex]
The magnitude of the proton's acceleration can be found using Newton's second law. The time it takes for the proton to reach a given speed can be calculated using the equation for linear motion. The distance the proton moves can be determined using the equation for distance traveled. The kinetic energy of the proton can be calculated using the equation for kinetic energy.
Explanation:To find the magnitude of the acceleration of the proton, we can use the equation F = ma, where F is the force exerted on the proton and m is its mass. In this case, the force is given by F = qE, where q is the charge of the proton and E is the electric field. Since the charge of the proton is known, we can calculate the force and then use Newton's second law to find the acceleration.
Once we have the acceleration, we can use the equation v = u + at to find the time it takes for the proton to reach the given speed, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity (0 in this case), a is the acceleration, and t is the time.
To find the distance the proton has moved, we can use the equation s = ut + (1/2)at², where s is the distance, u is the initial velocity, t is the time, and a is the acceleration.
To calculate the kinetic energy of the proton, we can use the equation KE = (1/2)mv², where KE is the kinetic energy, m is the mass of the proton, and v is its velocity.
What is the total displacement of a child who walks 4 m south, 2 m north, 5 m south, and 5 m north? 16 m north 11 m west 6 m south 2 m south
Hi
The total displacement is 2 m south
I hope this helps
Answer:
2 m south
Explanation:
Displacement is measure of change in the position of an object. It is a vector quantity, that is, it has both magnitude and direction.
When the child walked 4 m south, its displacement is 4 m south.
Then it moved 2 m back opposing direction to the north. The resultant displacement is 4 - 2 = 2 m south.
Then it moved 5 m south, same direction, displacement becomes 2 + 5 = 7 m south.
And finally, it moved 5 m north, opposing direction. 7 - 5 = 2 m south.
The final displacement of the child is 2 m south.
A satellite in a circular orbit of radius R around planet X has an orbital period T. If Planet X had one-fourth as much mass, the orbital period of this satellite in an orbit of the same radius would be:A) 2TB) T square root(2)C) T/4D) T/2E) 4
Applying Kepler's third law and considering the decrease in Planet X's mass, the orbital period of the satellite in the same radius orbit would double, from T to 2T.
Explanation:The question involves the satellite's orbital period in the context of Kepler's third law, which states that the square of a planet's orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis of its orbit. In the special case of a circular orbit, the semi-major axis is equal to the orbit's radius R. To find the impact of the reduced mass of Planet X, we need to understand the mass influences on the satellite's orbital period.
When the mass of the planet decreases by a factor of 4, the orbital velocity also decreases by the same factor as vorbit is proportional to the square root of Planet X’s mass. Consequently, with a quarter of the orbital velocity, the period must be twice as long. Hence, if the original period was T, the new period would be 2T. So, the correct choice is: A) 2T.
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How do you do this question?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Nasty, but doable.
I = 2 amps
R = 8 ohms
V = I * R
V = 2 * 8
V = 16 volts.
========
The 4 ohm resistor sees the same voltage -- 16 volts.
V = 16
R = 4ohms
I = V/R
I = 16/4
I = 4 amps.
The current seen by the unknown resistor R is
It = 4 amps + 2 amps
It = 6 amps
Answer A.
When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isobaric expansion A) its internal (thermal) energy does not change.B) the gas does no work.C) no heat enters or leaves the gas. D) its temperature must increase.E) its pressure must increase.
Explanation:
In an isobaric process the pressure remains constant, which means the initial pressure and the final pressure will be the same.
In addition, during this thermodynamic process, the volume of the ideal gas expands or contracts in such a way that the variation of pressure [tex]\Delta P[/tex] is neutralized.
Now, according to the First law of Thermodynamics that establishes the conservation of energy:
[tex]\Delta U=\Delta Q-\Delta W[/tex] (1)
Where:
[tex]\Delta U[/tex] is the internal energy
[tex]\Delta Q[/tex] is the heat transferred
[tex]\Delta W[/tex] is the work
Now, for an isobaric process:
[tex]\Delta W=P\Delta V[/tex] (2)
Where:
[tex]P[/tex] is the pressure (always positive)
[tex]\Delta V[/tex] is the volume variation of the gas
Here we have two possible results:
-If the gas expands (positive [tex]\Delta V[/tex]), the work is positive.
-If the gas compresses (negative [tex]\Delta V[/tex]), the work is negative.
In this case we are talking about the first result (work is positive).
Then, according to the above, equation (1) can be written as follows:
[tex]\Delta U=\Delta Q - P\Delta V[/tex] (3)
Clearing [tex]\Delta Q[/tex]:
[tex]\Delta Q=\Delta U+P \Delta V[/tex] (4)
Then, for an ideal gas in an isobaric process, part of the heat ([tex]Q[/tex]) added to the system will be used to do work (positive in this case) and the other part will increase the internal energy, hence the temperature will increase as well.
Final answer:
In an isobaric expansion of an ideal gas, the gas does work and if heat is added, the temperature may increase, making options A, B, C, and E incorrect. The pressure remains constant by definition.
Explanation:
When a fixed amount of ideal gas goes through an isobaric expansion, it is essential to understand that the pressure remains constant by definition. In option A, if the process was isothermal, the internal energy would indeed not change since internal energy for an ideal gas is a function of temperature, but this isn't necessarily true for an isobaric process where temperature can change. Hence, option A is incorrect. Option B states the gas does no work, which is also incorrect; during an isobaric expansion, the gas does work as it expands against a constant external pressure. Option C would describe an adiabatic process, not an isobaric one, so this is incorrect in this context. Option D suggests that the temperature must increase, which could be true because when an ideal gas expands isobarically, heat is often added to keep the pressure constant, thereby increasing the temperature. Finally, option E states that the pressure must increase, which cannot happen in an isobaric process by definition.
Considering the context and mechanisms of thermodynamics, the correct answer is not explicitly stated among the choices but can be inferred. The most accurate answer regarding an isobaric expansion of an ideal gas would be that the gas does work and if heat is added to maintain constant pressure, the temperature is likely to increase.
Please help me quickly!
The term physical sciences pertains to the study of _____.
earth and space
living things
matter and energy
Physical sciences study nonliving matter, including fields like geology, astronomy, physics, and chemistry, with a focus on matter and energy interactions.
Explanation:The term physical sciences pertains to the study of matter and energy. The field of physical science includes subjects like geology, astronomy, physics, and chemistry, which all explore various aspects of nonliving matter. Physics, being the most fundamental of these sciences, deals with concepts of energy, matter, space and time, and their interactions. It is essential for understanding the general truths of nature that are expressed through scientific laws and theories, which describe the rules that all natural processes appear to follow.
The attraction between two oppositely charged Atoms or groups of Atoms is which type of bond
Answer:
The answer is ionic bond
Explanation:
) a 45-mh ideal inductor is connected in series with a 60-ω resistor through an ideal 15-v dc power supply and an open switch. if the switch is closed at time t = 0 s, what is the current 7.0 ms later?
a.250 ma
b.850 ma
c.550 ma
d.280 ma
e.650 ma
Initial current = 0
Final current = (15 V) / (60 ohms) = 0.25 Ampere
Current along the way = 0.25 · (1 - e^- time / time-constant)
"time-constant" = L/R = (0.045 / 60) = 7.5 x 10⁻⁴ second
Current = 0.25 · (1 - e^-10,000t/7.5)
When t = 7 ms,
Current = 0.25 · ( 1 - e^-70/7.5)
Current = 0.25 · (1 - e^-9.33)
Current = 0.25 · (1 - 8.84 x 10⁻⁵)
Current = 0.25 · (0.9999)
Current = so close to 250 mA that you can't tell the difference.
The reason is that 7.0 mS is 9.3 time-constants, and during EVERY time-constant, the current grows by 37% of the distance it still has left to go. So after 9.3 of these, it's practically AT the target.
I have a feeling that the time in the question is SUPPOSED TO BE 7 microseconds. If that's true, then
Current = 0.25 · (1 - e^-[ 7 x 10⁻⁶ / 7.5 x 10⁻⁴ ]
Current = 0.25 · (1 - e^-0.00933)
Current = 0.25 · (1 - 0.9907)
Current = 0.25 · (0.0093)
Current = 2.32 mA ?
No, that can't be it either.
Well ! Now, I'm going to determine the true and correct final answer in the only cheap and sleazy way I have left ... by looking at all the choices offered, and eliminating the absurd ones.
The effect of an inductor in the circuit is to resist any change in current. The final current in this circuit is when it's not trying to change any more. So the final current is just the battery with a resistor across it ... (12 V) / (60 ohms). That's 0.25 Ampere, or 250 mA. The current starts at zero when the switch closes, and it builds up and builds up to 250 mA. It's never more than 250 mA.
So look at the choices ! The only one that not more than 250 mA is choice-A .
THAT has to be it. 7.0 mS is a no-brainer. It's 9.3 time-constants after the switch closes, the current has built up to 99.99% of its final value by then, it's not really trying to change much any more, the inductor is just about finished having any effect on the current, and the current is essentially at its final value of 250 mA. The action is all over.
Now, I fully realize that Mister "Rishwait" is a bot and all, and nobody really needs the answer to this question. But every cloud has a silver lining. It's a numskull question, but it earned me 10 points, and it's been a truly fascinating trip down Memory Lane.
the current approximately 7.0 ms after closing the switch is about 250 mA, which is option (a).
To find the current through the circuit 7.0 ms after the switch is closed, we can use the concept of an RL circuit. The current in an RL circuit follows an exponential growth equation, given by:
I(t) = (V/R)(1 - e^(-t/τ))
Where:
I(t) is the current at time t.
V is the voltage from the power supply (15 V in this case).
R is the resistance (60 Ω).
τ (tau) is the time constant of the circuit, given by L/R, where L is the inductance (45 mH = 0.045 H).
First, calculate the time constant τ:
τ = L/R = 0.045 H / 60 Ω = 0.00075 s.
Now, plug in the values into the equation to find I(7.0 ms):
t = 7.0 ms = 0.007 s.
I(0.007 s) = (15 V / 60 Ω) * (1 - e^(-0.007 s / 0.00075 s))
I(0.007 s) = (0.25 A) * (1 - e^(-9.333...))
Now, calculate the current:
I(0.007 s) ≈ (0.25 A) * (1 - e^(-9.333...))
I(0.007 s) ≈ (0.25 A) * (1 - 0.0000962) [Using e^(-9.333...) ≈ 0.0000962]
I(0.007 s) ≈ (0.25 A) * (0.9999038)
I(0.007 s) ≈ 0.24998 A
I(0.007 s) ≈ 250 mA
So, the current approximately 7.0 ms after closing the switch is about 250 mA, which is option (a).
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The K-shell ionization energy of iron is 8500 eV, and it's L-shell ionization energy is 2125 eV. What is the wavelength of Kalpha X-rays emmited by iron?
Answer:
[tex]1.95\cdot 10^{-10}m[/tex]
Explanation:
First of all, we need to calculate the energy of the x-ray photon emitted during the transition from K-shell to L-shell, and this energy is equal to the difference in energy between the two levels:
[tex]E=E_K-E_L=8500 eV-2125 eV=6375 eV[/tex]
Converting into Joules,
[tex]E=6375 eV \cdot (1.6\cdot 10^{-19} J/eV)=1.02\cdot 10^{-15} J[/tex]
Now we know that the energy of the photon is related to its wavelength by:
[tex]E=\frac{hc}{\lambda}[/tex]
where
h is the Planck constant
c is the speed of light
[tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelength
Re-arranging the equation for [tex]\lambda[/tex], we find
[tex]\lambda=\frac{hc}{E}=\frac{(6.63\cdot 10^{-34}Js)(3\cdot 10^8 m/s)}{1.02\cdot 10^{-15} J}=1.95\cdot 10^{-10}m[/tex]
The electric potential (voltage) at a specific location is equal to the potential energy per unit charge a charged object would have if it were at that location. If the zero point of the voltage is at infinity, the numerical value of the voltage is equal to the numerical value of work done to bring in a unit charge from infinity to that location. Select Values and Grid in the menu, and drag one positive charge to the middle of the screen, right on top of two intersecting bold grid lines. Using the voltage meter, you should find that 1 m away from the charge, the voltage is 9 V. What is the voltage 2 m away from the charge?
Answer:
4.5 V
Explanation:
The electric potential produced around a single point charge is:
[tex]V=k \frac{q}{r}[/tex]
where
k is the Coulomb's constant
q is the charge
r is the distance from the charge
We see that the electric potential is inversely proportional to the distance, r, so we can write:
[tex]V_1 r_1 = V_2 r_2[/tex]
where
V1 = 9 V
r1 = 1 m
V2 = ?
r2 = 2 m
Solving the equation, we find the voltage 2 m away from the charge:
[tex]V_2 = \frac{V_1 r_1}{r_2}=\frac{(9 V)(1 m)}{2 m}=4.5 V[/tex]
Final answer:
The voltage 2 m away from the charged object is 36 V.
Explanation:
The electric potential (voltage) at a distance of 1 m from the charged object is 9 V. To find the voltage at a distance of 2 m, we can use the inverse square law for electric potential:
V = kQ/r
Where V is the voltage, k is the electrostatic constant, Q is the charge, and r is the distance. Since the charge is unknown, we can use the ratio of the squares of the distances to find the voltage:
V₂/V₁ = (r₁/r₂)²
Substituting the given values, we have:
9/V₁ = (1/2)²
V₁ = 36 V
Therefore, the voltage 2 m away from the charge is 36 V.
Why does changing the shape of an object not affect its density
Density [tex]D[/tex] is a characteristic property of a substance, material or object and is defined as the relationship between the mass and volume of that specific substance or material.
This is due the fact that any object or material has mass and volume, however the mass of different substances occupy different volumes. As shown in the following equation:
[tex]D=\frac{m}{V}[/tex]
Where:
[tex]m[/tex] is the mass of the object
[tex]V[/tex] is the volume of the object
As we can see, density does not depend on the shape of the object.This is why changing the shape of an object not affect its density.
Final answer:
The density of an object, being mass per unit volume, does not change when its shape is altered because both the object's mass and volume remain consistent, keeping density constant. This property is intrinsic to the material, and unrelated to shape or thermal conductivity. Only changes in temperature can affect the density by affecting the volume while keeping the mass constant.
Explanation:
Changing the shape of an object does not affect its density because density is defined as the mass per unit volume. This property, how much mass there is in one unit of volume, is an intrinsic characteristic of a material and does not depend on the object's shape. When you change the shape of an object, you do not change its mass or the amount of space it occupies, hence the density remains constant.
Even when an object undergoes a shape transformation, like clay being molded from a lump into a boat, its mass and volume stay the same which keeps the density unchanged. However, this transformation can affect the object's ability to float or sink due to the principle of displacement as stated in Archimedes' Principle. A lump of clay sinks because it displaces less water, whereas the same lump shaped like a boat displaces more water and can float.
It's also important to understand that while volumes and densities can change with temperature changes, the mass remains constant with temperature. According to the US Department of the Interior, the true density of water depends on its temperature, emphasizing the influence of temperature on density rather than shape.
A runner runs 300 m at an average speed of 3.0 m/s. She then runs another 300m at an average
speed of 6.0 m/s.
What is her average speed for the total distance of 600m?
A 2.0 m/s
B 4.0 m/s
C 4.5 m/s
D 8.0 m/s
Answer:
B. 4 m/s
Explanation:
v=d/t
Running for 300 m at 3 m/s takes 100 seconds and running at 300 m at 6 m/s takes 50 seconds. 100 s + 50 s = 150 s (total time). Total distance is 600 m, so 600 m/ 150 s = 4 m/s.
The average speed of the runner for the entire journey is 4 m/s.
The given parameters;
distance covered by the runner, s = 300 minitial speed of the runner, v₁ = 3 m/sfinal speed of the runner, v₂ = 6 m/stotal distance covered by the runner, = 600 mThe average speed of the runner is obtained by diving the total distance covered by the runner by the total time of motion as shown below;
[tex]average \ speed = \frac{total \ distance }{total \ time \ of \ motion} \\\\[/tex]
The time of motion during the first distance covered;
[tex]t_1 = \frac{300}{3} = 100 \ s[/tex]
The time of motion during the second distance covered;
[tex]t_2 = \frac{300}{6} = 50 \ s[/tex]
The average speed is calculated as;
[tex]average \ speed = \frac{600}{100 + 50} \\\\average \ speed = 4 \ m/s[/tex]
Thus, the average speed of the runner for the entire journey is 4 m/s.
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Two disks with the same rotational inertia i are spinning about the same frictionless shaft, with the same angular speed ω, but with opposite angular velocities ~ω and −~ω. what is the total rotational kinetic energy kr of this system of two disks? 1. 1 2 i ω 2 2. zero 3. none of these
The total rotational kinetic energy of this system is : ( C ) none of these
Ker = Iw²
Determine the Total rotational kinetic energy
Given that the two disks have the same rotational inertia and the same angular speed but opposite angular velocities
w and -w
Total rotational kinetic energy ( Kr )
K.Er = K₁ + K₂
= [tex]\frac{1}{2} * Iw^2 + \frac{1}{2} * I (-w)^2[/tex]
= [tex]Iw^2[/tex]
Hence the total rotational kinetic energy of the system is : Iw²
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The total rotational kinetic energy of the system of two disks spinning with the same angular speed but in opposite directions is Kr = Iω², since the kinetic energy for both disks will be the same positive value when squared.
Given that both disks have the same rotational inertia (I) and angular speed (ω), we can calculate the total kinetic energy using the formula for rotational kinetic energy K = ½Iω² for each disk individually and then combine the results.
For the first disk with angular velocity ω:
K1 = ½Iω²
For the second disk with angular velocity -ω:
K2 = ½I(-ω)²
Since squaring a negative number yields a positive result, the kinetic energy for both disks will be positive and the same value.
Therefore, the total rotational kinetic energy is:
Kr = K1 + K2 = ½Iω² + ½Iω² = Iω²
A container holds a pure sample of a radioactive substance with a half-life of 2 hours.Part AWhich of the following statements are true?a) After 1 hour, less than 50\% of the original atoms in the container will have decayed.b) After 1 hour, more than 50\% of the original atoms in the container will have decayed.c) After 2 hours, 50\% of the original atoms in the container will have decayed.d) After 4 hours, 25\% of the original atoms will have decayed.e) After 4 hours, the total number of atoms in the container will be reduced by 75\%.
Answer: Statements A, C, and E are true
Explanation: Half life is the time required for one half of a radioactive substance to decay into its daughter material. Since the half life of the radioactive material is 2 hours, it means that in 2 hours the material will have decayed by 50% and after 4 hours, the material will have decayed by 75%
Which of the following methods has led to the most discoveries of massive planets orbiting near their parent stars?A) detecting the starlight reflected off the planetB) detecting the infrared light emitted by the planetC) detecting the gravitational effect of an orbiting planet by looking for the Doppler shifts in the star's spectrumD) detecting the shift of the star's position against the sky due to the planet's gravitational pullE) detecting a planet ejected from a binary star system
Answer:
C
Explanation: when an object gets in front of a light, it temporarily breaks the beaks the beam from the light source to the user. the same occurs when a planet gets in front of a star. i don't feel like explaining the doppler effect but this is basically it.
hope this helped