What is the charge on oxygen (O) when it forms an ion?

1+
1−
2+
2−

Answer:

Two of the most important characteristics of seawater are temperature and salinity – together they control its density, which is the major factor governing the vertical movement of ocean waters. The temperature of seawater is fixed at the sea surface by heat exchange with the atmosphere.

Explanation:

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Answer:

P1/T1 = P2/T2

772torr / 295K = P2 / 451K

P2 = 1180.2torr

Explanation:

The pressure inside a jar after it's been heated to 178°C is 1180.2 torr.

The ideal gas equation, pV = nRT, is an equation used to calculate either the pressure, volume, temperature or number of moles of a gas.

Given data:

[tex]P_1[/tex]=772torr

[tex]T_1[/tex]=295K

[tex]P_2[/tex]=?

[tex]T_2[/tex]=451K

Applying formula:

[tex]\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{772torr}{295K} =\frac{P_2}{ 451K}[/tex]

P2 = 1180.2torr

Hence, the pressure inside a jar after it's been heated to 178°C is 1180.2 torr.

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Answer:

because reference table I shows that delta h for one mole of c2h6(g) is 84.0 kj so for 2 moles of c2h6(g) is 168.0kj

168 kJ/mol is the net amount of heat released when two moles of C₂H₆ are formed from its elements at 101.3 kpa and 298 K.

The standard reaction enthalpy for formation of the compound from the atoms or molecules at stable states that is temperature 298 K and Pressure 1 bar is called as enthalpy of formation.  

1 Atm (Atmospheric pressure) = 101.3 KPa (Kilopascal)

At 1 atm and 298 K the enthalpy of formation of ethane is -84 kJ/mol.

The enthalpy of formation of 1 mole of C₂H₆ is 84 kJ/mol because heat is released here so enthalpy of formation is positive.

Therefore, the enthalpy of formation of 2 mole of C₂H₆ = 2 × 84 kJ/mol

                                                                                            = 168 kJ/mol

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that 168 kJ/mol is the net amount of heat released when two moles of C₂H₆ are formed from its elements at 101.3 kpa and 298 K.

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Answer : The correct option is, [tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^64s^23d^{10}4p^5[/tex]

Explanation :

The given element bromine belongs to the group 17 and period 4. The symbol of bromine is, Br.

The atomic number of bromine = 35

The total number of electrons present in bromine element = 35

Electronic configuration : It is defined as the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an atom.

Hence, the correct electronic configuration of bromine is,

[tex]1s^22s^22p^63s^23p^64s^23d^{10}4p^5[/tex]

I believe the correct answer choice is A

Answer:

[tex]\text{C. } _{36}^{85}\text{Kr}[/tex]

Explanation:

Your nuclear equation is  

[tex]_{35}^{85}\text{Br} \longrightarrow \, _{-1}^{0}\text{e} +\, _{x}^{y}\text{X}[/tex]

The main point to remember in balancing nuclear equations is that

Then  

85 = 0 + y, so y = 85 - 0 = 0  

35 = -1 + x, so x = 35 + 1 = 36

The nucleus with atomic number 36 and atomic mass 85 is krypton-85.  

The nuclear equation becomes  

[tex]_{35}^{85}\text{Br} \longrightarrow \, _{-1}^{0}\text{e} + \, _{36}^{85}\text{Kr}[/tex]

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Answer:

its a

Explanation:

The chemical equation that represents the reaction between vinegar (acetic acid) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) is:

[tex]\rm CH_3COOH(aq) + NaHCO_3(s) \rightarrow NaCH_3COO(aq) + H_2O(l) + CO_2(g)[/tex]

A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of reactants and products.

The balanced equation for the reaction between vinegar and baking soda is represented as:

[tex]\rm CH_3COOH(aq) + NaHCO_3(s) \rightarrow NaCH_3COO(aq) + H_2O(l) + CO_2(g)[/tex]

This equation shows that acetic acid ([tex]\rm CH_3COOH[/tex]) reacts with sodium bicarbonate ([tex]\rm NaHCO_3[/tex]) to produce sodium acetate ([tex]\rm NaCH_3COO[/tex]), liquid water ([tex]\rm H_2O[/tex]), and carbon dioxide gas ([tex]\rm CO_2[/tex]).

Therefore, the above equation represents the complete balanced chemical equation for the reaction between vinegar (acetic acid) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).

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Answer:

Balloons last between 12-21 hours filled with helium

Explanation:

latex balloons generally last between 12-20 hours filled with helium, and about 2-3 days when treated with Hi-Float

Balloons filled with helium deflate faster than balloons filled with heavier gases due to the effusion rate of helium.

Balloons filled with helium will stay inflated for a shorter time compared to balloons filled with heavier gases like air due to the greater effusion rate of helium.

Helium-filled balloons lose their buoyancy quicker because helium effuses much more rapidly through the microscopic pores in the rubber balloon.

Answer:

ionic

Explanation:

Ionic bonds exist between Ca and F ions in CaF₂. Ionic bonds are interatomic bonds formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to the other.

The donor atom here is Ca and it has two valence electrons. Fluorine is the receiving atom with 7 electrons in its outermost shell.

Ca would give one each of its two outermost electrons to the fluorine atoms to complete their octet. Ca ion would now resemble Argon and the flourine atoms would look more like Neon atoms.

This is an ionic bond

Answer:

The immune system uses white blood cells and antibodies to identify and eliminate organisms that get through the body's natural barriers.

Explanation:

When the immune system is weakened by the virus, the body is especially susceptible to infections by what are usually harmless pathogens because of the reduction of a specific group of T cells. Due to the lack of T cells, the immune system has difficulties properly coordinating the fight against the pathogens in the tissue. This is when white blood cells and antibodies begin their attack. Then the immune system can fight against the infection on all fronts.

White Blood Cell- a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease; a white (blood) cell. There are several types, all amoebic cells with a nucleus, including lymphocytes, granulates, monocles, and macrophages.

Antibodies- a blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen. Antibodies combine chemically with substances which the body recognizes as alien, such as bacteria, viruses, and foreign substances in the blood.

Answer:

8/3 hours

Explanation:

12.5/100=1/8, 1/8*2=2/8=1/4 1/4*2=1/2 1/2*2 = 1 (whole)

we multiplyed 1/8 by two three times to get 1 so 8/3 hours is the answer

by the way i'm in 6th grade

Answer:

Explanation:

The process is represented by the nuclear equation:

Where:

The superscripts to the leff of each symbol is the mass number (number of protons and neutrons), and the subscript to the left means the atomic number (number of protons).

Then, in this process a neutron is being transformed into a proton by the emssion of an electron (from inside the nucleus of the atom).

This electron is named beta (β) particle, and the process is called beta decay, because the neutron is changing into other subatomic particles.

The solution with the lowest freezing point would likely be the 0.015 m MgCl2 solution. This is due to the principle of freezing point depression, where a solution with more solute particles will generally have a lower freezing point than a solution with fewer solute particles.

The question asks which of the given solutions will have the lowest freezing point. This is a question related to chemistry, specifically colligative properties, one of which is freezing point depression.

In a process known as freezing point depression, solutions typically freeze at lower temperatures than pure liquids. This is because the presence of solute particles disrupts the ability of the solvent to form a regular pattern in the solid state, thus requiring a lower temperature to freeze.

To determine which solution has the lowest freezing point, we must consider both the molality of the solution and the number of solute particles produced by each formula unit of solute. Those that yield more particles upon dissociation have a greater effect on freezing point depression. In this case, 0.015 m MgCl2 should have the lowest freezing point as MgCl2 dissociates into three ions (Mg2+ and two Cl- ions), thus producing more solute particles per formula unit compared to the other given solutions.

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The solution with the lowest freezing point is A) 0.015 m MgCl₂, because it results in the highest effective particle concentration due to its dissociation into three ions in solution.

To determine this, we need to use the concept that the freezing point decreases as the concentration of dissolved particles increases. This is calculated using the van 't Hoff factor (i), which indicates the number of particles a compound dissociates into in solution.

MgCl₂ dissociates into 3 ions (1 Mg²⁺ and 2 Cl⁻), so its van 't Hoff factor is 3.

NaCl dissociates into 2 ions (1 Na⁺ and 1 Cl⁻), so its van 't Hoff factor is 2.

CH₃CH₂CH₂OH (propanol) does not dissociate in solution, so its van 't Hoff factor is 1.

Li₂SO₄ dissociates into 3 ions (2 Li⁺ and 1 SO₄²⁻), so its van 't Hoff factor is 3.

We then multiply the molality by the van 't Hoff factor to find the effective particle concentration for each solution:

A) 0.015 m MgCl₂: 0.015 m x 3 = 0.045 m

B) 0.0100 m NaCl: 0.0100 m x 2 = 0.020 m

C) 0.035 m CH₃CH₂CH₂OH: 0.035 m x 1 = 0.035 m

D) 0.0100 m Li₂SO₄: 0.0100 m x 3 = 0.030 m

The lowest freezing point corresponds to the highest effective particle concentration. Therefore, Solution A) 0.015 m MgCl2 has the lowest freezing point.

Answer:

It will Cause IMMEDIATE health problems

Explanation:

Answer:

it increases

Explanation:

Answer:

activation energy

Explanation:

Answer:

Activation Energy

Explanation:

Energy of Activation is the energy which must be provided to a chemical or nuclear system with potential reactants to result in: a chemical reaction.

More activation energy is required because it would take more energy to add elements across single bonds than it would take for double bonds.

ionization energy or ionisation energy, denoted Eᵢ, is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron, the valence electron, of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule. This option is incorrect.

Electronegativity, symbol χ, is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself. This option is incorrect.

NUclear energy is the energy released during nuclear fission or fusion, especially when used to generate electricity. This option is incorrect.

Answer: The number written at the end of isotope is named as mass number.

Explanation:

Isotopes are defined as the chemical species of the same element which differ from its mass number. These species have same number of protons but have different number of neutrons among them.

For Example: The isotope of carbon which is C-14

Here, C represents the symbol of the element and the number represents the mass number of the element.

Hence, the number written at the end of isotope is named as mass number.

Answer:

B, C, & E

Explanation:

Fission reaction involves the splitting of heavy unstable atoms into stable lighter atoms, with the release of energy. Fission energy is advantageous in that it produces a huge amount of energy per mass compared to other energy sources (hence also used to make nuclear bombs). However, fission produces radioactive waste particles, such as beta and alpha particles, that have high ionizing energy and can be harmful to living things.

Answer:

B and E

Explanation:

The given question is incomplete, here is a complete question.

The reaction below shows a system in equilibrium.

[tex]H_2(g)+I_2(g)+Heat\rightarrow 2HI(g)[/tex]

How would a decrease in temperature affect this reaction?

A. The rate of formation of the gases would increase.

B. The equilibrium of the reaction would shift to the left.

C. The equilibrium would shift to cause the gases to sublime into solids.

D. The chemicals on the left would quickly form the chemical on the right.

Answer : The correct option is, (B) The equilibrium of the reaction would shift to the left.

Explanation :

The given reaction is endothermic reaction.

For an endothermic reaction, heat is getting absorbed during a chemical reaction and is written on the reactant side.

Any change in the equilibrium is studied on the basis of Le-Chatelier's principle. This principle states that if there is any change in the variables of the reaction, the equilibrium will shift in the direction to minimize the effect.

As, heat is getting absorbed during a chemical reaction. This means that temperature is getting increased on the reactant side.

If the temperature in the equilibrium is decreased, the equilibrium will shift in the direction where, temperature is getting increased. Thus, the reaction will shift in left direction that is towards the reactants.

Hence, the correct option is, (B) The equilibrium of the reaction would shift to the left.

Answer:

The number at the end of an isotope's name is the (C.) mass number.

Answer:

Explanation:

When the nucleus of an atom captures and electron, such electron combines with a proton and forms a neutron. Thus, the mass number remains the same (just a proton has been converted into a neutron) but the atomic number (the number of protons) decrease in one.

Then, the daughter nuclide will have the same mass number and the atomic number reduced in one.

The given parent isotope is    [tex]^{35}_{17}Cl[/tex],    which means that it has these features:

And the daughter nuclide after the electron capture will be:

          [tex]^{35}_{16}S[/tex]

Hence, the answer is the third choice.

Final answer:

The daughter nuclide from electron capture by 35Cl is 35S

Explanation:

When an atom undergoes electron capture, an electron from an inner shell combines with a proton in the nucleus, resulting in the conversion of a proton to a neutron.

For the given question, electron capture by 3517Cl results in the formation of a daughter nuclide with an atomic number one less than that of chlorine (16) and the same mass number.

Therefore, the daughter nuclide after electron capture by 3517Cl is 3516S.

The spectral data for C4H8O with 1H NMR and IR spectra is indicative of an aldehyde or ketone functional group, but the exact structure requires additional information.

The given spectral data for C4H8O includes: 1H NMR showing a triplet at 1.05 ppm (3H), a singlet at 2.13 ppm (3H), and a quartet at 2.47 ppm (2H). The IR spectrum shows a strong peak near 1700 cm-1.

The 1H NMR data indicates the presence of a methyl group (triplet at 1.05 ppm), a possible methyl or methoxy group (singlet at 2.13 ppm), and a methylene group (quartet at 2.47 ppm). The strong IR band near 1700 cm-1 suggests the presence of a carbonyl group. Considering the molecular formula C4H8O, these data best correspond to the presence of an aldehyde or a ketone. However, the specific structure cannot be precisely determined without more information. The presence of the carbonyl functional group is indicated by the IR data, and the NMR data give clues about the types of hydrogen environments present in the molecule.

Answer:

Mixture

Explanation:

- Can be separated by physical means

-  Does not have fixed ratios between components

Edu 2020

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{-55.8 kJ/mol NaOH}}[/tex]

Explanation:

NaOH + HNO₃ ⟶ NaNO₃ + H₂O

There are two energy flows in this reaction.

[tex]\begin{array}{cccl}\text{Heat from neutralization} & + &\text{Heat absorbed by water} & = 0\\q_{1} & + & q_{2} & =0\\n\DeltaH & + & mC\Delta T & =0\\\end{array}[/tex]

Data:

V(base) = 100.0 mL; c(base) = 0.300 mol·L⁻¹

V(acid) = 100.0 mL; c (acid) = 0.300 mol·L⁻¹  

        T₁ = 35.00 °C;          T₂ = 37.00 °C

Calculations:

(a) q₁

[tex]n_{\text{NaOH}} = \text{0.1000 L } \times \dfrac{\text{0.300 mol}}{\text{1 L}} = \text{0.0300 mol}\\\\n_{\text{HNO}_{3}} = \text{0.1000 L } \times \dfrac{\text{0.300 mol}}{\text{1 L}} = \text{0.0300 mol}[/tex]

We have equimolar amounts of NaOH and HNO₃

n = 0.0300 mol

q₁ = 0.0300ΔH

(b) q₂

 V = 100.0 mL + 100.0 mL = 200.0 mL

m = 200.0 g

ΔT = T₂ - T₁ = 37.00 °C – 35.00 °C = 2.00 °C

q₂ = 200.0 × 4.184 × 2.00 = 1674 J

(c) ΔH

0.0300ΔH + 1674 = 0

          0.0300ΔH = -1674

                      ΔH = -1674/0.0300

                      ΔH = -55 800 J/mol

                      ΔH = -55.8 kJ/mol

[tex]\Delta_{r}H^{\circ} = \boxed{\textbf{-55.8 kJ/mol NaOH}}[/tex]

The neutralization of NaOH and HNO3 is exothermic, releasing heat which raises the temperature of the solution. The heat of the reaction can be calculated by considering the total mass of the solution and the rise in temperature, and should be divided by the moles of NaOH used to give the enthalpy change in kJ/mol.

When aqueous NaOH is mixed with HNO3 in a coffee cup calorimeter, a neutralization reaction occurs. The equation for this reaction is NaOH (aq) + HNO3(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l). Since it is a strongly exothermic reaction, heat is released causing the rise in observed temperature. To determine the ΔH°rxn, calculate the heat change using the equation q = ms ΔT, where m is the total mass of the solution, s is the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J/g°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature. Convert this energy to kj, and because no heat is lost to the surroundings, the heat absorbed by the solution is the same as the heat released by the reaction. This heat of reaction is then divided by the amount of NaOH used in the reaction to give the enthalpy change in kJ/mol NaOH, which can be used to pick one of the possible answers provided.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Photosynthesis is the chemical process carried out by plants for the conversion of inorganic matter (carbon dioxide and water) into organic matter (glucose) with the release of oxygen, using light (sun energy).

So the chemical process may be represented by:

        carbon dioxide + water + sun energy → glucose + oxygen

       CO₂ + H₂O + sun energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

       6CO₂ + 6H₂O + sun energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

        6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Photosynthesis is represented by the equation 6CO₂ + 6H₂O --> C6H12O6 + 6O₂. This complex process involves multiple stages and intermediate reactions that collectively result in the production of glucose and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water.

The equation representing photosynthesis is 6CO₂ + 6H₂O --> C6H12O6 + 6O₂. This shows how carbon dioxide and water, in the presence of sunlight, are transformed into glucose (a type of sugar) and oxygen. This process, however, is quite complex and occurs in multiple stages, involving intermediate reactions and products.

There are two major phases in photosynthesis. The first is the light-dependent reactions which happen only in the presence of sunlight. The second phase is the light-independent reactions, also known as the Calvin Cycle. The overall equation for photosynthesis is a representation of a redox reaction, where carbon dioxide is reduced and water is oxidized, producing glucose and oxygen.

Though this equation may look simple, photosynthesis actually involves a series of complex biochemical reactions. In conclusion, the correct representation amongst the given options is 6CO₂ + 6H₂O --> C6H12O6 + 6O₂ .

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Answer:

C.) High malleability.

Explanation:

There is a strong force between the metal ions and free floating electrons, meaning a substance with a metallic bond may be shaped and molded without breaking/fracturing due to their strength.

As the unknown substance is metal it has  a characteristic property of  metals which is high malleability.

An element is the simplest form of matter.Elements are further classified as metal,non -metals and metalloids. Metals possess luster and are malleable that is they can be drawn into thin sheets.They are also ductile and can be drawn into thin wires and are hard due to the strong ionic bonding present in them.

They are good conductors of heat and electricity due to the presence of mobile electrons .They have high density because of the compact arrangement of atoms .As a result of the arrangement of atoms,they have high melting points.

Malleability and ductility of metals is due to the presence of layers of atoms which can slide  over each other on application of force.

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Answer:

Chemical change

Explanation:

A solid that forms and separates from a liquid mixture is called Chemical change.

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Answer:

It is always less than the theoretical yield

Explanation:

For many chemical reactions, the actual yield is usually less than the theoretical yield. This is due to possible loss in the process or inefficiency of the chemical reaction.

Answer:

It is always less than the theoretical yield.

Explanation:

Theoretical yield is obtained from stoichiometry calculation of a balanced equation. Actual yield is the amount of product formed from a reaction. Percentage yield is the ratio of actual yield to the theoretical yield of a product. Percentage yield is never 100 % or greater than 100%. Therefore,  Actual yield of a product always less than the theoretical yield.

Answer:

[tex]\rm C_{3}H_{8}O_{3}(aq)[/tex]

Explanation:

Glycerol is a covalent molecule. The major species in an aqueous solution will be hydrated glycerol molecules.

[tex]\rm C_{3}H_{8}O_{3}(l) \longrightarrow \, C_{3}H_{8}O_{3}(aq)[/tex]

The major species present when glycerol is dissolved in water are glycerol molecules (C₃H₈O₃), hydronium ions (H₃O+) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻).

When glycerol (C₃H₈O₃) is dissolved in water, it undergoes complete ionization.

Glycerol is a polyol compound that is soluble in water, and it forms hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

The major species present when glycerol is dissolved in water are:

The overall equation for the ionization of glycerol in water can be represented as:

C₃H₈O₃ + H₂O ⇌ C₃H₇O₃⁻  + H₃O⁺

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Answer:

None of the above.

Explanation:

KI is not a molecular substance.

It is an ionic solid with the same crystal structure as NaCl.

The shapes given in the options are for molecules and three-dimensional ions.