Answer:
kinetic energy is the energy of movement
Explanation:
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Answer:
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by a body due to its motion. In other words, any moving body or object has kinetic energy.
Explanation:KE=1/2mv²
Where KE is the kinetic energy in (in J)
m is the mass of the body (in kg)
v is the speed of the body (ms-¹)
From the equation, we can see that for two objects moving at different speeds, the faster object has a greater KE. Similarly, for two objects of different masses moving at the same speed, the object of greater mass has a greater KE.
Calculate the atomic mass of element X if there are two isotopes of this element (X-24 and X-28) and 75% of all X atoms are X-28 isotopes.
52 amu
4 amu
27 amu
26 amu
Answer:
Atomic mass = 27 amu
Explanation:
Given data:
Atomic mass of element X= ?
Abundance of X-28 = 75%
Abundance of X-24 = 100 - 75 = 25%
Atomic mass of X-28 = 28 amu
Atomic mass of X-24 = 24 amu
Solution:
Average atomic mass = (abundance of 1st isotope × its atomic mass) +(abundance of 2nd isotope × its atomic mass) / 100
Average atomic mass = (75×28)+(25×24) /100
Average atomic mass = 2100 + 600 / 100
Average atomic mass = 2700 / 100
Average atomic mass = 27 amu.
Calcium hydroxide reacts with aluminum sulfate
Assuming that the complete question is the following:
Calcium hydroxide reacts with Aluminum sulfate to form aluminum hydroxide and calcium sulfate. Write the balanced formula unit equation for the reaction.
Then the balanced formula unit equation would be:
3Ca(OH)₂ + Al₂(SO₄)₃ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄
This is a double replacement reaction, where the cations and anions are interchanged.
Balancing this reaction is based on the Law of Conservation of Mass, which estates that matter is not created nor destroyed, meaning that the number of atoms at the right and the left of the chemical equation needs to be the same. We add coefficients in front of each species that intervenes in the reaction in order to achieve that equality.
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The question is about the chemical reaction between calcium hydroxide and aluminum sulfate, where aluminum hydroxide precipitates and calcium sulfate remains in solution. The aluminum hydroxide can be filtered out and then converted into aluminum oxide for electrolysis to produce metallic aluminum.
Explanation:The student asks about the reaction between calcium hydroxide and aluminum sulfate. In a chemical reaction, calcium hydroxide, represented as Ca(OH)2, would react with aluminum sulfate, which is Al2(SO4)3 to form a precipitate of aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) and a solution of calcium sulfate (CaSO4).
For such a reaction, the balanced chemical equation can be written as:
3Ca(OH)2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) → 2Al(OH)3 (s) + 3CaSO4 (aq)During this process, aluminum hydroxide precipitates from the solution, which can then be removed by filtration. Further treatment, such as heating, can convert the aluminum hydroxide to aluminum oxide (Al2O3), commonly used in the electrolysis process for aluminum production. This process involves dissolving aluminum oxide in a molten mixture of cryolite and calcium fluoride, followed by the application of an electric current to reduce aluminum ions to metallic aluminum at the cathode.
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A model of an atom is shown below. Which element is represented by this model of an atom?
Boron (B)
Carbon (C)
Neon (Ne)
Sodium (Na)
Answer:
Boron
Explanation:
An atom consist of electron, protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are present with in nucleus while the electrons are present out side the nucleus.
All these three subatomic particles construct an atom. A neutral atom have equal number of proton and electron. In other words we can say that negative and positive charges are equal in magnitude and cancel the each other. For example if neutral atom has 6 protons than it must have 6 electrons. The sum of neutrons and protons is the mass number of an atom while the number of protons are number of electrons is the atomic number of an atom.
For example
In given atomic model we can see that there are five electrons out side the nucleus it means this atomic model is of that element which have atomic number 5 and it is boron.
It has 5 electron 5 proton and 6 neutrons.
It means its atomic number is five and mass number is 5+6 = 11
A beaker contains 175.32g of salt, NaCl(58.44g/mol). Water is added until the final volume is 2 liters. The solution should be described as
A. 87.66M
B. 29.22M
C. 3M
D. 1M
E. 1.5M
Answer:
E. 1.5M
Explanation:
because there is total 175.32 g of NaCl dissolved in 2 liter of water, and 58.44 g = 1 mol
so total miles = 175.32/58.32 = 3 moles
now 3 moles are in 2 liter of water, hence one liter contains 3/2= 1.5
Therefore answer is E. 1.5M
What is the atomic mass of one mole of H2O?
____g/mole
•17.008
•18
•18.016
Answer: 18g/mol
Explanation:
H2O = (2 x 1) +16 = 2 + 16 = 18g/mol
Which of the following is NOT a way that biodiversity is important to an ecosystem?
Question 6 options:
A. Biodiversity can increase the rate of extinction.
B. Different types of decomposers are available to break down many types of waste.
C. If one food source goes extinct other food sources are more likely to be available.
D. Biodiversity makes ecosystems more stable.
Answer:
A. Biodiversity can increase the rate of extinction
Explanation:
That statement is false because variety is better for a better ecosystem. With variety more can survive in certain situations that others cant.
Biodiversity can increase the rate of extinction is not a way that biodiversity is important to an ecosystem. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is biodiversity ?The variety and variability of life on Earth is referred to as biodiversity or biological diversity. A measure of variation at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels is called biodiversity.
Genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity are the typical three levels of biodiversity that are covered. The various genes that each unique plant, animal, fungus, and bacteria have constituted genetic variety. Both inside and between species, it happens.
Conservation of biodiversity safeguards the genetic, microbial, animal, and plant resources needed for agriculture, food production, and ecosystem services like soil nutrient cycling, pest and disease control, preventing erosive processes, and pollination plants and trees.
Thus, option A is correct.
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The rate at which energy is transferred is called a power b kinetic energy c work d time
I pretty sure its C. Work
If wrong lemme know
pleaseeee helppp
Two chemicals at room temperature (about 22°C) were combined in a flask. At first, there were bubbles, then, white flakes appeared at the bottom of the flask. After five minutes, the temperature of the solution was 36°C. A portion of the solution was used to measure its density and boiling point, which were determined to be 4.5 g/L and 82°C, respectively.
Did a physical or chemical change occur?
How do you know it is not the other kind of change? Provide at least three points of evidence that support your claim.
A chemical change happened when the two substances were mixed together in the flask. It wasn't a physical shift because that involves transforming a pure substance's state into a solid, liquid, or gas.
What is chemical change ?Chemical synthesis, or, alternatively, chemical breakdown into two or more separate molecules, occurs when one material reacts with another to create a new substance. These processes are referred to as chemical reactions, and they are typically irreversible barring additional chemical reactions.
Chemical modifications are those in which a new substance with new chemical characteristics is created. Examples include the CO2 and other chemical reactions that occur when lemon juice and washing soda are combined.
A chemical change is characterized by a shift in temperature. To check for a temperature change during an experiment, one could dip a thermometer into a beaker or an Erlenmeyer flask. It is likely that a chemical change is taking place if the temperature rises, which it does in the majority of reactions.
Thus, A chemical change happened when the two substances were mixed together in the flask.
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Final answer:
A chemical change occurred when two chemicals were combined based on the formation of new substance (white flakes), temperature change indicating an exothermic reaction, and the production of gas (bubbles).
Explanation:
Based on the given information, a chemical change occurred when the two chemicals were combined. The evidence for a chemical change rather than a physical change is as follows:
Formation of a new substance: The appearance of white flakes at the bottom of the flask indicates the formation of a new substance, which is a sign of a chemical reaction.Temperature change: The increase in temperature from 22°C to 36°C suggests an exothermic reaction, where heat is released, reinforcing that a chemical change has taken place.Bubbles: The formation of bubbles suggests that a gas was produced during the reaction, which is a common indicator of a chemical change.Physical changes, such as the melting and boiling of pure substances, involve changes in state but do not result in the formation of a new substance or significant temperature changes as observed here.
Arrange the following atoms in order of increasing first ionization energy: He, Be, Se, Ne
Answer:
Be (899 kj/mol) , Se (940.9 kj/mol), Ne(2081 kj/mol), He (2370 kj/mol),
Explanation:
For noble gases as they have complete octet so they require high amount of energy to remove the electron.
Trend along period:
As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell. When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required.
Trend along group:
As we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.
As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.
When you divide the mass of a substance by its volume, you get its.
Answer:Density
Explanation:
Answer:density
Explanation:
If 9.2 femptosections is equal to 9.2 ×10^-15 seconds what is the exponential equivalent of fempto?
Answer:
1 fempto = 10⁻¹⁵
Explanation:
Data Given:
9.2 fempto second = 9.2 ×10 ⁻¹⁵ seconds
exponential equivalent of fempto = ?
Solution:
To find exponential equivalent of fempto
As we know
we look at the given data
That is fempto seconds = 9.2
when we write only seconds then we write 10⁻¹⁵ instead of fempto
that is
9.2 ×10 ⁻¹⁵ seconds
So the exponential equivalent of fempto = 10 ⁻¹⁵
That is -15 exponent to 10
So,
10 ⁻¹⁵ = 0.00000000000001
1 fempto = 10 ⁻¹⁵
Which step is not included in carbon cycle
Your answer would be Transpiration
Calculate the kelvin scale equivalent of 123 Celsius?
Answer:
123 Celsius is equal to 396.15 Kelvin scale
Explanation:
Al2(SO4)3 + BaCl2 balanced equation
Answer:BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 -->BaSO4 + AlCl3.
Explanation:
what type of reaction is
2A1Br3 +3K2SO4+6KBr +
Al2(SO4)3
Synthesis/Combination
Decomposition
Single Replacement
Double Displacement
or Combustion?
Answer: Double Displacement
Explanation: In a double displacement reaction it is shown through this generic description
AB+ CD => AD + CB
Where A and C are both metals and B and D are nonmetals.
A is Al
B is Br
C is K
D is SO4
In this reaction
Al displaces K to combine with SO4
K combines with Br forming KBr
A pound is approximately 0.45 kilogram. A person weighs 87 kilograms. What is the person's weight, in pounds, when expressed to the correct number
of significant figures?
A.
190 lb
B.
180 lb
C.
52 lb
D. 39 lb
Answer: A. 190 lbs.
Explanation: To find the mass in pounds we will use the following conversion factor: 1 lb = 0.45 kg
Solution:
87 kg x 1 lb / 0.45kg = 193 lbs.
Among the choices 190 lbs is the closest so it is the answer.
Which of the following values is equal to 1 micrometer?
0.000001 meter
0.001 meter
1,000 meter
1,000,000 meter
Answer:
its a
Explanation:
Answer:
0.000001
Explanation:
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1.- Describe the trend in ionization energy as the atomic number increases ACROSS a period.
2.- Describe the trend in ionization energy as the atomic number increases DOWN a group.
Answer:
The statement that best describes the trend in first ionization enery of elements on the periodic table is:
It generally decreases down a group because valence electrons are farther from the nucleus.
The first ionization energy measures how difficult is to release an electron from the outermost shell. The higher the ionization energy the more difficult it is to release an electron, the lower the ionication energy the easier to release an electron.
As the atomic number of the atom increases (which is what happens when you go down a group) the furthest the outermost shell of electrons will be (the size of the atoms increases) and so those electrons require less energy to be released, which means that the ionization energy decreases.
Hope it helps!
Answer:
1. Across a period , the ionization energy increases because the formation of a cation becomes more difficult owing to the increase in nuclear charge.
2. Ionization energy decreases down the group because the outer electrons become progressively separated from the nucleus and so are less tightly held .
Explanation:
What is the molar mass of silver (Ag)?
A) 47.0 g/mol
B) 60.02 g/mol
C) 107.87 g/mol
D) 196.97 g/mol
Answer: 107.87 g/mol
Explanation: I just took the test
Answer:
107.87 g/mol
Explanation:
What has more thermal energy, 200 g of water at 40 degrees Celsius or 1000 g of water at 30 degrees Celsius
Answer: 1000 g of water at 30°C
Explanation: Heat or thermal energy is directly proportional to the mass of an object, which implies that the more massive the object the greater thermal energy or heat it can absorb. Since the amount of matter present is much more enough to absorb heat energy.
What does the 3 indicate in 1s22s22p63s?
Answer: The 3 indicates the 3rd shell
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is true of an aqueous solution of sodium chloride?
Answer:
What are the statements please
Explanation:
Answer: Here are the statements
Explanation:
A.
One that has 30.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water is more concentrated than one that has 15.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water.
B.
One that has 30.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water is more dilute than one that has 15.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water.
C.
One that has 30.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water would have the exact same molarity as one that has 15.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water.
D.
One that has 30.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water has less solute than one that has 15.0 grams NaCl dissolved in 100 grams of water.
What type of mixture is a medicine with a label that reads “shake well before using.”?
A. Solution
B. Alloy
C. Suspension
D. Colloid
Answer: C. Suspension
Explanation: Suspensions are mixtures where its solute particles are not fully dissolved in a solvent. The size of its particles are much relatively the biggest among other mixtures such as solutions and colloids. Since its has bigger particle size it suspends and settle at the bottom of the container due to gravity. So when using suspensions it is advised to shake it well before using to mix the suspended particles.
A medicine that needs to be shaken well before use is considered a Suspension. This is a type of mixture where small solid particles are dispersed in a liquid and will settle if the mixture is not stirred.
Explanation:A medicine that must be shaken well before use is typically a Suspension. A suspension is a type of mixture where small solid particles are dispersed throughout a liquid but are not dissolved in the liquid. A characteristic feature of suspensions is that the particles will eventually settle at the bottom of the mixture and are allowed to stand undisturbed, hence the instruction 'shake well before using'.
A solution, on the other hand, is a mixture where the solute is fully dissolved in the solvent, and it does not need to be stirred before use. An alloy is a solid mixture of two or more metals, and a colloid is a mixture where very small particles of one substance are dispersed evenly throughout another substance.
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Read the chemical equation shown.
Cl2 + 2NaBr → 2NaCl + Br2
Which statement is true about this chemical equation?
Cl (chlorine) is oxidized and Br (bromine) is reduced.
Cl (chlorine) is reduced and Br (bromine) is oxidized.
Na (sodium) is reduced and Cl (chlorine) is oxidized.
Na (sodium) is oxidized and Br (bromine) is reduced.
Redox reactions are the reactions that have been constituting reduction and oxidation. In the chemical equation, chlorine is reduced and bromine is oxidized. Thus, option B is correct.
What is a redox reaction?A redox reaction is a combination of reduction and oxidation reactions. When a reactant loses an electron, then it is called oxidation, whereas the reactant that gains an electron is said to be where the reduction takes place.
The redox reaction is written as,
2 NaBr (aq) + Cl₂ (g) → 2 NaCl (aq) + Br₂ (aq)
Here, oxidation,
2 Br⁻¹ - 2 e⁻ → 2 Br⁰
Reduction,
2 Cl⁰ + 2 e⁻ → 2 Cl⁻¹
From the reaction, NaBr is a reducing agent as it has donated its electron, whereas chlorine gas is an oxidizing agent as it has an accepted electron.
Therefore, in the chemical reaction chlorine is reduced and bromine is oxidized.
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Given the reaction:
C2H2 + 2H2 → C2H6
This reaction represents
Explanation:
When two or more substances react and form some new substance it is called as chemical reaction .
A + B --> C + D
(reactants ) (products )
Types of chemical reaction
we come across different types of reactions that occur in nature .
Out of them , combination is also one type
Combination reaction
It is a reaction ,when two or more reactants react to form single product .
i.e A+B-----AB(IN THIS ONE SINGLE PRODUCT IS FORMED )
This reaction can be between element element , element compound or compound compound .LIKE : H₂+Cl₂------HCL
(E) (E) (PRODUCT )
SO₂+O₂----SO₃
© (E) (PRODUCT )
CO₂+H₂O----H₂CO₃
In the above asked equation :
C₂H₂ + 2 H₂ --> C₂H₆
The ethane is formed by combination reaction This reaction obeys law of conservation of mass as it is balanced .Final answer:
The reaction C2H2 + 2H2 → C2H6 represents a hydrogenation reaction, converting acetylene to ethane by adding hydrogen. This process, central to organic chemistry, often requires a catalyst and is foundational in the synthesis of various compounds.
Explanation:
The given reaction C2H2 + 2H2 → C2H6 is an example of a hydrogenation reaction, where hydrogen (H2) is added to another compound. In this specific case, the hydrogenation of acetylene (C2H2) results in ethane (C2H6). The process involves the breaking of the triple bond in acetylene and the formation of a single bond to incorporate the additional hydrogen atoms, converting it into ethane. This is a common type of chemical reaction in organic chemistry which often requires a catalyst such as platinum or palladium to proceed under milder conditions.
The importance of understanding reactions like these lies in their application in the synthesis of various organic compounds, which are foundational in fields ranging from pharmaceuticals to materials science. Stoichiometry, a crucial concept in such reactions, involves the calculation of reactant and product quantities, often expressed in moles, to ensure that a reaction proceeds efficiently and yields the desired product.
1.The Himalayan Mountain range is example of a divergent plate boundary.
True
False
2. At divergent plate boundaries, plates move:
a. Away
b. Towards
c. Sideways
d. Multiple directions.
3. At convergent plate boundaries, plates move:
a. Away
b. Towards
c. Sideways
d. Multiple directions
4.What is produced at convergent plate boundaries?
a. New seafloor
b. Oceans
c. Earthquakes
d. Mountains
5.Magma is released creating new seafloor at __________ boundaries.
a. Transform
b. Convergents
c. Divergent
d. All
6.Which type of plate boundary creates the formation of ridges, as plates shift apart from one another and magma rises to the seafloor along the boundary?
a. Divergent
b. Convergent
c. Plate
d. Transform
7.Transform plate boundaries move in opposite or lateral directions.
True
False
8.Transform plate boundaries produce__________
a. Mountains
b. Earthquakes
c. New seafloor
d. Oceans
9.A plate boundary is the area where two adjacent tectonic plates meet or touch together.
True
False
10.A plate boundary is the area where two adjacent tectonic plates meet or touch together.
True
False
11.What is produced at divergent plate boundaries?
a. Mountains
b. Oceans
c. New seafloor
d. Earthquakes
I don't think this is Chemistry because I couldn't find Earth Science Please answer these correctly if you can don't just put dot dot and steal point because you will be reported
Answer:
Explanation:
1 : False
A divergent plate boundary is when two plates pull apart.
2: A
I explained what a divergent boundary was in the previous question
3 : B
Think of the word converge/come together
4: D
When two continental plates collide, they form a mountain
When a continental, and oceanic plate collide, the oceanic plate sub-ducts, and melts. That causes a volcano. The volcano becomes a mountain to some extent.
5 : C
When the plates divert, magma spews from the mid ocean ridge.
6 : Divergent
7 : Transform plate boundaries move in opposite directions
8 : B
When the plates grind together, energy is stored, and then is suddenly released
9 : True
10 : True
11 : C
This is a set of questions and answers related to plate boundaries including divergent, convergent and transform boundaries. The Himalayan mountain range is a result of convergent plate boundaries, while new seafloors are created at divergent boundaries. Transform plate boundaries, which move in opposite or lateral directions, often yield earthquakes.
Explanation:The answers to the student's questions are as follows:
False, the Himalayan Mountain range is an example of a convergent plate boundary.At divergent plate boundaries, plates move away.At convergent plate boundaries, plates move towards.Mountains are produced at convergent plate boundaries.Magma is released creating new seafloor at divergent boundaries.Divergent plate boundaries create the formation of ridges, as plates shift apart from one another and magma rises to the seafloor along the boundary.True, transform plate boundaries move in opposite or lateral directions.Transform plate boundaries produce earthquakes.True, a plate boundary is the area where two adjacent tectonic plates meet or touch together.The same question from the previous one is true again.New seafloor is produced at divergent plate boundaries.Learn more about Plate Boundaries here:https://brainly.com/question/31720127
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The specific heat of a certain type of metal is 0.128J/(g.°C). What is the final temperature if 305 J of hear is added to 28.8 g of this metal, initially at 20.0°C?
Answer: Temperature final = 103 °C
Explanation: To solve for final temperature we use the equation of heat:
Q= mc∆T
Next derive the equation to find final temperature
Q = mc(T final - T initial)
Q / mc = T final - T initial
Transpose T initial and change the sign so that T final will be left.
T final = Q / mc + T initial
Substitute the values:
T final = 305 J / 28.8 g x 0.128 J/(g°C)
= 305 J / 3.6864 J/°C
= 82.7 + 20.0°C
= 103 °C final temperature.
Is condensation of ethanol a physical change or a chemical change
Answer: Physical change
Explanation: Condensation is the phase change of a gas to the liquid state. There is no formation of new products so it does not undergoes chemical change. Any phase change is considered a physical change.
Final answer:
Condensation of ethanol is a physical change because it only involves a change in the state of matter without altering the chemical composition of ethanol.
Explanation:
The condensation of ethanol is a physical change. This process involves a change in the state of matter from gas to liquid without altering the chemical composition of ethanol. Like the condensation of water vapor into liquid water, the process is exothermic, releasing energy. However, the ethanol remains chemically identical before and after condensation.
2 C6H14 + 19 O2 --> 12 CO2 + 14 H2O
Using the above reaction, how many moles of C6H14 are needed to produce 8.86 moles of water
Answer:
1.27 moles (3 s.f.)
Explanation:
Mole ratio of water: C6H14
= 14:2
= 7:1
This means that to produce 7 moles of water, 1 mole of C6H14 is needed. Or 1/7 mole of C6H14 is needed to produce 1 mole of water. So if you need 8.86 moles of water, 8.86(1/7) moles of C6H14 is needed.
For 8.86mol of water, moles of C6H14 needed
= 8.86/7
= 1.27 moles (3 s.f.)
A gas expands in volume from 26.7 ml to 89.3 mL at constant temperature. Calculate the work done (in Joules) if the gas expands (a) against a vacuum, (b) against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm, and (c) against a constant pressure of 2.8 atm.
Answer:
a. 0 J
b. - 9.5J
c. - 17.8 J
Explanation:
part a (against a vacumm)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
work done w = ?
temperature = constant
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
as we are calculating work against vacuum so the pressure will be 0 atm.
So,
P = 0 atm
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(0 atm)(89.3 mL - 26.7 mL)
w = - [(0 atm)(62.6mL)
w = - (0)J
w = 0 J
so the work done will be 0
_________________
part b (against constant pressure of 1.5)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
26.7 mL = 26.7/1000 = 0.0267 L
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
89.3 mL = 89.3/1000 = 0.0893 L
work done w = ?
Pressure constant = 1.5 atm
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(1.5 atm)(0.0893 L - 0.0267 L)
w = - [(1.5 atm)(0.0626 L)
w = - (0.0939 atm.L)
w = - 0.0939 atm.L
convert atm.L to J
1 atm.L = 101.3 J
0.0939 atm.L = 0.0939 x 101.3 = 9.5 J
so the work done will be - 9.5 J
___________
Part c ( constant pressure of 2.8 atm)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
26.7 mL = 26.7/1000 = 0.0267 L
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
89.3 mL = 89.3/1000 = 0.0893 L
work done w = ?
Pressure constant = 2.8 atm
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(2.8 atm)(0.0893 L - 0.0267 L)
w = - [(2.8 atm)(0.0626 L)
w = - (0.1753 atm.L)
w = - 0.1753 atm.L
convert atm.L to J
1 atm.L = 101.3 J
0.1753 atm.L = 0.1753 x 101.3 = 17.8 J
so the work done will be - 17.8 J
Final answer:
Chemistry high school question about the work done by an expanding gas against different pressures. The work done against a vacuum is 0 J, against 1.5 atm is -9.49 J (approx.), and against 2.8 atm is -17.71 J (approx.). Calculations use the formula W=-P_ext×ΔV and the conversion 1 L·atm = 101.32 J.
Explanation:
The subject of this question is Chemistry, specifically the topic of thermodynamics as it relates to gases. In the scenario provided, a gas is expanding and the work done by the expansion needs to be calculated in different contexts:
(a) against a vacuum
(b) against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm
(c) against a constant pressure of 2.8 atm
To calculate the work (W) when a gas expands or contracts against an external pressure (Pext), the formula W=-Pext×ΔV is used, where ΔV is the change in volume. However, when a gas expands against a vacuum, the external pressure is zero, so the work done is zero as well.
To calculate the work done against a constant pressure in joules, we first need to find the change in volume (ΔV) in liters and the pressure in atmospheres. Then we use the relationship 1 L·atm = 101.32 J to convert from L·atm to joules.
ΔV = 89.3 mL - 26.7 mL = 62.6 mL = 0.0626 L
Work done against a vacuum (Wvacuum) = 0 J
Work done against 1.5 atm (W1.5) = -1.5 atm × 0.0626 L × 101.32 J/L·atm = -9.4878 J
Work done against 2.8 atm (W2.8) = -2.8 atm × 0.0626 L × 101.32 J/L·atm = -17.7062 J
Note that the work is negative because work is done by the system (expansion of gas) against the surroundings.