Using the chart, which of the following point mutations will cause the most harmful effect on an individual?
A. The sequence reads AUU; a change in the second base from U to C
B. The sequence reads CGA; a change in the first base from C to A
C. The sequence reads UGU; a change in the third base from U to A
D. The sequence reads UUA; a change in the first base from U to C and a change in the third base from A to G
The right answer is C. (non sens mutation are the most harmful)
In genetics, a nonsense mutation is a point mutation in which a nucleotide of a codon is changed, inducing the replacement of a codon encoding an amino acid (UGU, cystein) by a stop codon (UGA). The resulting protein, truncated and therefore incomplete (because the translation ends prematurely, and therefore we will have a truncated protein), is generally non-functional.
A possible explanation to a problem is a(n) _____.
1. problem
2. observation
3. hypothesis
4. experiment
Why is the transfer of energy in a food chain usually only about 10 percent efficient?
The efficiency of energy transfer in a food chain is only about 10% due to the energy loss in the form of heat at each trophic level, which is a consequence of the second law of thermodynamics. As a result, after a limited number of energy transfers, there's not enough energy left to support another trophic level, limiting the length of food chains.
Explanation:The transfer of energy in a food chain is usually only about 10 percent efficient due to the second law of thermodynamics, which accounts for the loss of energy at each trophic level. This loss comes in the form of heat during the metabolic processes of organisms, such as respiration. An organism, for instance, only utilizes a small fraction of its consumed energy to do work or grow, with the majority lost as heat or stored as fat.
The concept of Trophic Level Transfer Efficiency (TLTE) serves to quantify this phenomenon. Taking the Silver Springs ecosystem as an example, the available energy from the primary producers (7,618 kcal/m²/yr) to the primary consumers resulted in the magnitude of 1,103 kcal/m²/yr, with the rest lost as heat or employed in respiration. Another related concept is the net primary productivity, which comprises the energy that remains in the primary producers after accounting for their individual energy requirements and heat loss.
Due to the successive energy losses at each trophic level, after a certain number of energy transfers, there is not enough energy remaining in the food chain to support another level. This principle explains the limited length of food chains in most ecosystems.
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A ___ nervous system is found in simpler animals like jellyfish.
Which describes the correct pairing of DNA bases?
A. T with A, and C with G
B. T with C, and A with G
C. T with T, and C with C
D. T with G, and A with C
Answer:
The correct answer would be A. T with A, and C with G
It can be explained with the help of complementary base pairing.
In DNA, thymine (T) always forms a base pair with adenine (A) and cytosine (C) always base pairs with guanine (G) .
There are two hydrogen bonds present in between A and T and three hydrogen bonds in between G and C.
what are some real real world examples of golgi apparatus
Which of the following is an example of proper movement for a biceps curl?
Rotate the arm at the shoulder with the back straight
Bend the arm at the elbow with the back straight
Rotate the elbow and arch the back
Bend the elbow and move the upper arm forward
B. Bend the arm at the elbow with the back straight
Which of the following would differ if you compared the same reaction taking place with and without an enzyme? )
the chemical energy of the reactants
the chemical energy of the products
the energy required to start the reaction
the overall energy of the reaction
Thale cress is a plant that is genetically engineered with genes that break down toxic materials. Which type of organism is described?
A. recombinant
B. transgenic
C. transverse
D. restriction
Answer:
It is B.
Explanation:
I just took the test
Which is larger 8.5 or 8.27?
Every real machine:
A.must be more than 100% efficient
B.must be equal to 100% efficient
C.must be less than 100% efficient
No machine can operate at 100 percent efficiency because some of the energy input will always be used to overcome the force of gravity and the effects of friction and air resistance. Even an optimally tuned engine heats up eventually, and that heat is thermal energy being lost. So C. will be your Best answer.
Jane supplied plenty of water, minerals, sunlight, and carbon dioxide for her plant. But the plant still didn't do well. What might be the reason?
It may be too hot or cold for the plant.
The plant doesn't need water.
The plant doesn't need carbon dioxide.
Final answer:
The plant's poor performance, despite receiving adequate sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide, may be due to unsuitable temperature conditions. Plants have an optimum temperature range for growth, and temperatures too high or low can negatively affect photosynthesis and overall plant health.
Explanation:
Jane supplied plenty of water, minerals, sunlight, and carbon dioxide for her plant, but it still didn't do well. The reason might be the temperature conditions, either extreme heat or cold.
Plants require specific environmental conditions for optimal growth, including adequate sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, and minerals. They also need temperatures above freezing while actively growing and photosynthesizing. However, every plant has an optimum temperature range for growth, and deviating from this range can significantly affect their physiology and biochemistry. Too high temperatures can cause a water deficit stress leading to stomata closing, which limits CO₂ uptake and reduces photosynthesis. Conversely, temperatures below the optimum can slow down the metabolic processes essential for growth.
Additionally, other factors such as too much or too little water and incorrect light levels can influence plant health. Waterlogged soils, resulting from excess water, become anaerobic, harming root growth. Similarly, inadequate or excessive light affects photosynthesis, limiting growth. Thus, even if a plant is supplied with all necessary nutrients, unfavorable environmental conditions can prevent it from thriving.
what organelles would be found in large numbers in a muscle cell
Fred was diagnosed as schizophrenic at age 27. According to the information presented in your textbook, what is a probable description of his life at age 68?
a)He has been institutionalized for 41 years. b)He may have shown improvement or even recovery. c)No recovery has been reported with schizophrenia but he may had have limited periods of normalcy with medication.
d)He has been in and out of jail for 41 years.
A prokaryote is most likely to use which of the following modes of metabolism to release energy if it is in an environment without oxygen, dies when exposed to oxygen, and uses fermentation?
A. Photoautotroph
B. Facultative anaerobe
C. Heterotroph
D. Obligate anaerobe
The answer is D.) Obligate anaerobe.
Which is a potential negative consequence of using genetically engineered medicine?
A.Gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used, providing the possibility for humans to have increased antibiotic resistance.
B.Products that are used to genetically engineer medicine are poisonous.
C.Restriction enzymes are used to create the medicine and have been known to cause cancer.
D.Medicine that is created this way is less effective than medicine that is created the traditional way.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
the correct answer from the choices listed above is option A. A potential negative consequence of using genetically engineered medicine would be that gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used,
Gene markers that are resistant to antibiotics are used, providing the possibility for humans to have increased antibiotic resistance. The correct answer is a.
Explanation:The potential negative consequence of using genetically engineered medicine outlined in option A is a valid concern. In some cases, genetic engineering may involve the use of antibiotic resistance genes as markers during the development process. These genes help identify successfully modified cells. However, there is a risk that these antibiotic resistance genes could transfer to bacteria in the human body or the environment, contributing to the development of antibiotic-resistant strains.
This poses a significant public health concern as antibiotic resistance can compromise the effectiveness of antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, leading to more challenging and potentially life-threatening medical scenarios. Therefore, careful consideration and regulation are crucial in the development and use of genetically engineered medicines to mitigate potential negative consequences like increased antibiotic resistance.
You have 46 chromosomes in each of your somatic cells. If you cut your arm, how many chromosomes would be in each newly formed skin cell?
Newly formed skin cells, like all human somatic cells, would have 46 chromosomes.
The chromosomes are in each newly formed skin cell after an injury, such as a cut on the arm. In humans, somatic cells, which include skin cells, are generally diploid, meaning they contain a full set of chromosomes - one set from each parent, totalling 46 chromosomes. When your skin begins to heal after a cut and new skin cells are formed, these cells undergo a process called mitosis, which is how somatic cells divide to generate new cells identical to the original one. Therefore, each newly formed skin cell would also have 46 chromosomes.
Black and white coloration in cows is dominant to brown and white. Black and white cows were crossed over several years and the following progeny were produced: 8 black and white and 3 brown and white. What is the most probable genotype of each parent?
If we can treat "black and white" as a single allele that is dominant, let's call it B. "Brown and white" as a recessive single allele can be represented as genotype b. Because offspring were both brown and black, we know both parents must have a b allele, and at least one must have a B allele.
What is genotype ?
A genotype is the total set of heritable genes which is transferred from parents to offspring;
These genes involve in encoding specific features and the characteristics can be physically expressed in an organism called as phenotype.
In a complete Punnett square for two heterozygous parents, we get results of 25% homozygous dominant (BB), 50% heterozygous (Bb), and 25% homozygous recessive (bb). In terms of phenotype, 75% of offspring would be black and white, and 25% brown and white.
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Organisms use different types of adaptations to aid in their survival.Which of the following is an adaptation that would not help a lion to catch its prey?
a.
group hunting
b.
hyoid bone adapted for roaring
c.
camouflage
d.
keen eyesight
Which of the following is an example of a nonpoint source of freshwater pollution?
pesticide runoff from farm fields
leaking toxic waste landfill
sewage treatment plant
factory waste piped into a stream
The statement below refers to a structure of the cell.
Oxygen diffuses through this structure, but a sodium ion may need active transport.
Which structure is this statement most likely referring to?
A. A hydrogen pump
B. A permeable membrane
C. A cell wall
D. A semipermeable membrane
The structure in the given statement is certainly a semipermeable membrane. The correct option is D.
What is a semipermeable membrane?A semipermeable membrane is a hindrance that allows some molecules to pass while blocking the passage of others.
To transport any substance from outside to inside or vise-versa, it require use of energy using active passage.
Substances pass against its concentration gradient during active transport, from a low concentration area to a high concentration area.
This process is considered active because it necessitates the use of fuel basically in the form of ATP. It is the polar opposite of passive transportation.
Active transport is commonly associated with the accumulation of high concentrations of molecules required by the cell, such as ions, glucose, and amino acids.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Based on the Plasmodium life cycle shown in Figure 21–4, what would happen if the mosquitoes disappeared?
A. Plasmodium merozoites would form, but gametes would not form.
B. The Plasmodium life cycle would continue, and humans would become the only host.
C. Plasmodium infection would continue because it will be passed from person to person.
D. The Plasmodium life cycle would be interrupted, and the infection could not be passed on.
What leaves the Calvin cycle to build 6-carbon sugar molecules?
a. high-energy 3-carbon molecules
b. energized electrons from the electron transport system
c. high-energy ATP and NADPH from the light-dependent reactions
d. chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b along with other pigments such as carotenoids
The purpose of photosynthesis is to produce usable chemical energy or glucose from solar energy. If the formula for glucose is C6H12O6, how many atoms of carbon are used to produce the glucose?
Answer:
The correct answer is: 6 molecules of carbon dioxide are required in order to produce 1 molecule of glucose.
Glucose is synthesized in light-independent phase of the photosynthesis by cyclic process called Calvin cycle.
It takes place in the chloroplast and utilize ATP and NADPH produced in light-dependent phase of the photosynthesis.
Calvin cycle is divided into three parts: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration.
The cycle fixes 1 molecule of carbon per rotation. In addition, it requires 3 ATP and 2 NADPH in a single turn.
The cycle turns 6 times to produce one molecule of glucose. Hence, it requires 6 CO₂, 18 ATP, and 12 NADPH to fix one molecule of glucose.
What type of acid is stomach acid most similar to on the pH scale?
Single-celled organisms that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus are called
a. eukaryotes.
b. prokaryotes.
c. golgi bodies.
d. organelles.
some organisms preform photosynthesis to produce energy.other organism cannot do photosynthsis .what can they do in order generate energy?
The chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release energy is called?
20 POINTS
Cavendish bananas are a popular species among banana growers because they’re predictable. All of these bananas are grown to have the exact same genetic structure. How’s this possible?
They grow in the same ecosystem.
They are clones of the parent plant.
They get equal amounts of nutrients.
They grow during one time of the year.
They form from sexual reproduction.
Which data can best be represented by a line chart? rate of growth of a seedling over two weeks distribution of total monthly expenditure average annual yield of different processing plants in an industry NextReset
Answer:
A. Rate of growth of a seedling over two weeks.
Explanation:
A. Rate of growth of a seedling over two weeks.