Answer:
a. 0 J
b. - 9.5J
c. - 17.8 J
Explanation:
part a (against a vacumm)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
work done w = ?
temperature = constant
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
as we are calculating work against vacuum so the pressure will be 0 atm.
So,
P = 0 atm
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(0 atm)(89.3 mL - 26.7 mL)
w = - [(0 atm)(62.6mL)
w = - (0)J
w = 0 J
so the work done will be 0
_________________
part b (against constant pressure of 1.5)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
26.7 mL = 26.7/1000 = 0.0267 L
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
89.3 mL = 89.3/1000 = 0.0893 L
work done w = ?
Pressure constant = 1.5 atm
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(1.5 atm)(0.0893 L - 0.0267 L)
w = - [(1.5 atm)(0.0626 L)
w = - (0.0939 atm.L)
w = - 0.0939 atm.L
convert atm.L to J
1 atm.L = 101.3 J
0.0939 atm.L = 0.0939 x 101.3 = 9.5 J
so the work done will be - 9.5 J
___________
Part c ( constant pressure of 2.8 atm)
Data given:
initial volume V1 = 26.7 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
26.7 mL = 26.7/1000 = 0.0267 L
Final volume V2 = 89.3 mL
Convert mL to L
1000 mL = 1 L
89.3 mL = 89.3/1000 = 0.0893 L
work done w = ?
Pressure constant = 2.8 atm
Solution:
formula will be used
w = - PΔV
where
ΔV = V2 -V1
so the above equation will be written as
w = - P (V2 - V1) . . . . . . (1)
Put values in above equation 1
w = - [(2.8 atm)(0.0893 L - 0.0267 L)
w = - [(2.8 atm)(0.0626 L)
w = - (0.1753 atm.L)
w = - 0.1753 atm.L
convert atm.L to J
1 atm.L = 101.3 J
0.1753 atm.L = 0.1753 x 101.3 = 17.8 J
so the work done will be - 17.8 J
Final answer:
Chemistry high school question about the work done by an expanding gas against different pressures. The work done against a vacuum is 0 J, against 1.5 atm is -9.49 J (approx.), and against 2.8 atm is -17.71 J (approx.). Calculations use the formula W=-P_ext×ΔV and the conversion 1 L·atm = 101.32 J.
Explanation:
The subject of this question is Chemistry, specifically the topic of thermodynamics as it relates to gases. In the scenario provided, a gas is expanding and the work done by the expansion needs to be calculated in different contexts:
(a) against a vacuum
(b) against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm
(c) against a constant pressure of 2.8 atm
To calculate the work (W) when a gas expands or contracts against an external pressure (Pext), the formula W=-Pext×ΔV is used, where ΔV is the change in volume. However, when a gas expands against a vacuum, the external pressure is zero, so the work done is zero as well.
To calculate the work done against a constant pressure in joules, we first need to find the change in volume (ΔV) in liters and the pressure in atmospheres. Then we use the relationship 1 L·atm = 101.32 J to convert from L·atm to joules.
ΔV = 89.3 mL - 26.7 mL = 62.6 mL = 0.0626 L
Work done against a vacuum (Wvacuum) = 0 J
Work done against 1.5 atm (W1.5) = -1.5 atm × 0.0626 L × 101.32 J/L·atm = -9.4878 J
Work done against 2.8 atm (W2.8) = -2.8 atm × 0.0626 L × 101.32 J/L·atm = -17.7062 J
Note that the work is negative because work is done by the system (expansion of gas) against the surroundings.
what kind of seismic waves travel through the earth
The kind of seismic waves travel through the earth are Congressional longitudinal waves and shear transverse waves.
Explanation:
There are two kinds of seismic waves and they are the Congressional longitudinal waves and shear transverse waves.They are called the P waves and S waves when they pass through the earth. P waves are the primary because they are the fastest waves whereas S waves are the secondary since they are slowerP waves move as alternate compressions and dilations along the side of propagationS waves move as alternate compression and transverse motion along the perpendicular side of propagation.Answer:
It would be Body waves
Explanation:
There are two main types of waves, body and surface. Since surface waves can only move along the earths surface like water ripples. The answer would be body waves since it travels through earths inner layer
Which structure is a valid representation of a hydrocarbon molecule?
Answer:
The formula for acyclic saturated hydrocarbons (i.e., alkanes) is CnH2n+2. The most general form of saturated hydrocarbons is CnH2n+2(1-r), where r is the number of rings. Those with exactly one ring are the cycloalkanes.
Explanation:
Answer:
An example of a hydrocarbon molecule structure is shown in the image below.
Explanation:
Hydrocarbons are organic compounds specifically made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The molecular structure consists of a framework of carbon atoms to which the hydrogen atoms are attached. The carbon atom chains can be linear or branched, and open or closed.
What is cogeneration? Cogeneration is a process of producing electricity and ______ simultaneously.
Explanation:
cogeneration prodeuces electricity from steam and uses steam in other chemical reactions simultaneously.
Answer:
It’s heat
Explanation:
1/0.00032 in standard scientific notation
The answer for 1/0.00032 in standard scientific notation is 3.125 * 10^3.
Explanation:
For conversion of the given number in scientific notation follow
a * 10^b
The steps to see how 3,125 written in scientific notation as follows.
Step 1
To find a, The number is moved right to one decimal place.
Original Number: 3,125
New Number: 3.125
Step 2
Now, to find b, Find the decimal count on the right side.
New Number: 3 .1 2 5
Decimal Count: 1 2 3
There are three places found.
Step 3
Now we can reconstruct the number into scientific notation.
The Scientific notation is: a x 10^b
a = 3.125
b = 3
Now writing the whole thing:
3.125 x 10^3
Step 4
Check your work:
10^3 = 1,000 x 3.125 = 3,125.
The diagram shows the structural formula of benzene. The empirical and the molecular formulas of benzene are, respectively -
f CH, C2H2
g CH, C3H3
h C3H3, C6H6
j CH, C6H6
Answer:
Empirical Formula = CH
Molecular Formula = C₆H₆
Explanation:
The structure of benzene is attached.
It can be easily seen from the structure of benzene that it contains six carbon atoms and six hydrogen atoms. Therefore, one should remember that the structure formula is made up of molecular formula as it contains and show the exact number of atoms. Hence, we can finalize the molecular formula as C₆H₆ on the basis of inspecting the structure formula.
Secondly, the empirical formula is calculated from the molecular formula. It does not depend upon the structure formula of a compound. As empirical formula is the simplest positive integer ratio of atoms present in a compound hence for benzene we can calculate this formula as CH because the simplest ratio of 6:6 is 1:1.
Problems such as crazing cracks and skill are the result of improper
Answer:
The question is incomplete.(not enough data provided).
Explanation:
A chemist has a jar containing 388.3 g of iron filings. How many moles of iron does the
jar contain?
Answer:
6.94 mol
Explanation:
Data given:
Mass of iron filings (Fe) = 388.3 g
no. of moles of iron (Fe) = ?
Solution:
For this formula will be used
no. of moles = Mass in grams/ molar mass
molar mass of Fe = 56 g/mol
Put values in equation
no. of moles = 388.3 g / 56 g/mol
no. of moles = 6.94 mol
So,
no. of moles of iron in jar = 6.94 mol
The jar contains approximately 6.95 moles of iron.
Explanation:The number of moles of a substance can be calculated using the formula:
moles = mass / molar mass
In this case, the mass of iron filings is given as 388.3 g. The molar mass of iron is 55.845 g/mol. By substituting these values into the formula, we get:
moles = 388.3 g / 55.845 g/mol = 6.95 mol
Therefore, the jar contains approximately 6.95 moles of iron.
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In the redox reaction below, which is the reducing agent? Cl- Cl2 Mn2+ MnO2
Answer:
Cl⁻ is the reducing agent.
Explanation:
The redox reaction is as follow:
MnO₂ + 4H⁺ + 2Cl⁻ → Mn²⁺ + 2H₂O + Cl₂
One should know the following terms,
Reducing agent:
An atom or element which tends to lose electron during a chemical reaction and get itself oxidized. In above reaction Cl⁻ is reducing agent as it carries a negative charge (means it has one extra electron) on the reactant side while, it has zero oxidation state on the product side. It means going from -1 to 0 the Cl lost one electron hence, it is an reducing agent according to definition.
Oxidizing Agent:
On the other hand oxidizing agent is an element or compound which tends to accepts electron(s) and get itself reduced. In above reaction Mn has an oxidation state of +4 on reactant side and after gaining electron from Cl it has changed to +2 on the product side. Hence, it has reduced but has oxidized the Cl atom so it is an oxidizing agent according to definition.
Why do scientist us Ppm to measure instead of percentage
Explanation:
Concentration of solution
It is the amount of solute present in given amount of solution .
There are different methods to know about the concentration of solutions .
out of it mass or volume percentage and parts per million is one of the methods .
Mass Percentage
it is calculated by taking the ration of mass of solute to mass of solution x 100.
That is:
Mass percentage = mass of solute/mass of solution x 100
Parts per million (ppm )
It is calculated by taking the ratio of number of parts of solute /number of parts of solution x 10⁶.
This method is preferred only when concentration of solute is very less like used in case to measure amount of pollutants in air .It is an efficient method than percentage method in that case .
Answer:
Concentrations like the ones shown in the graph are relatively small. Writing them as percentages would require decimal points and many leading zeros. Therefore, scientists choose ppm over percentages to show CO2 concentrations.
Explanation:
What is weathering?
A. the dropping of sediment
B. the moving of sediment
C. the breaking down of rock
D. the building up of landforms
Answer:
C the breaking down of rock
Answer: option C. the breaking down of rock
Explanation: weathering is the breaking down of rock by the action of rain, temperatures and biological activities.
Water has a vapor pressure of 23.8 mm Hg at 25°C and a heat of vaporization of 40.657 kJ/mol. Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation given below, determine the vapor pressure of water at 96°C.
ln
P2
P1
=
−ΔHvap
R
1
T2
−
1
T1
Answer:
P = 559.553 mmHg
Explanation:
Clasius-Clapeyron:
Ln(P2/P1) = - ΔHv/R [ 1/T2 - 1/T1 ]∴ P1 = 23.8 mmHg = 3.173 KPa
∴ T1 = 25°C ≅ 298 K
∴ ΔHv = 40.657 KJ/mol
∴ R = 8.314 E-3 KJ/K.mol
∴ T2 = 96°C ≅ 369 K
⇒ Ln P2/P1 = - (40.657 KJ/mol/8.314 E-3 KJ/K,mol) [(1/369 K) - (1/298 K) ]
⇒ Ln P2/P1 = - (4890.185 K) [ - 6.457 E-4 K-1 ]
⇒ Ln P2/P1 = 3.1575
⇒ P2/P1 = 23.511
⇒ P2 = (23.511)(3.173 KPa)
⇒ P2 = 74.601 KPa = 559.553 mmHg
which chlorite kills bacteries and removes color from clothes
Answer:
When used properly (it should always be diluted with water before use), chlorine bleach is safe for disinfecting surfaces. It kills harmful germs and bacteria and sanitizes clothes in the laundry.
Answer:
bleach
Explanation:
sodiam hydrochlorite
Limiting Reactant Worksheet
1. Consider the following reaction: 2 AI + 5 HBr
2 AIBT,
3 H,
a. When 3.22 moles of Al reacts with 4.96 moles of HBr, how many moles of H, are formed?
b. What is the limiting reactant?
c. What is the excess reactant?
1.61 mol, Al acting as a limiting reactant, and an excess of HBr
3.22 mol of Al in moles
4.96 mol of HBr is one mole.
Moles of H2O generated =?
What is the excess reactant? What is the limiting reactant?
Chemical formula:
A + B + H₂ = 2AlBr + H
We shall now contrast the moles:
Al: H
Step 2:
In 3.22: 1/2×3.22 = 1.61 mol
HBr: H₃
Step 2:
2.48 mol is equal to 1/2×4.96 in this case.
Since Al produces fewer moles of H3 than HBr, it will operate as a limiting reactant when HBr is present in excess.
Moles of H₂:
1.61 mol of H2 is the number of moles.
What is the primary type of energy conversion that takes place inside a
battery-powered phone when it is turned on?
O
A. Light energy to electrical energy
O
B. Chemical energy to electrical energy
O
c. Chemical energy to light energy
O
D. Electrical energy to chemical energy
Answer:
B. Chemical energy to electrical energy
What happens to water molecules when they are heated?
O
A. Their motion slows down.
O
B. They lose kinetic energy.
O
C. They form an ordered structure.
O
D. They begin to move faster.
SUBMIT
Answer:
D They begin to move quickly
Explanation:
Answer:
D. They begin to move faster.
How many grams are in 88.4 moles of NI3?
Answer: 34,918 g NI3
Explanation: solution attached:
Use the relationship of 1 mole NI3 is equal to its molar mass 395 g NI3
88.4 moles NI3 x 395 g NI3 / 1 mole NI3
= 34,918 g NI3
Light, x-rays, microwaves, and radio waves are examples of which type of energy?
Electrical energy
Nuclear energy
Thermal energy
Radiant energy
What is responsible for the force that makes up an ionic bond?
Answer:
Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom.
Explanation:
Answer: The electrostatic attraction between the opposite charged ions is responsible for the force makes up ionic bonds
Explanation:
When one s- and one p-orbital mix, the resulting hybrid orbitals have a geometry.
A) Trigonal-planar
B) Tetrahedral
C) Linear
When one s- and one p-orbital mix, the resulting hybrid orbitals have a Linear geometry
Explanation:
To produce two similar sp hybrid orbitals the process of combining the valence s orbital with one of the valence p orbitals that are situated in a linear geometry is termed as hybridization method. When atoms are arrayed in a vertical line supporting 180° angle then the molecule is referred to as Linear molecule.
Carbon dioxide (O=C=O) is the most common sample to explain the linear electron set and molecular geometry. In which there exists a pair of electrons and none lone pairs present. It is accordingly linear in electron-group geometry. The repellent forces depreciate the linear adjustment
Answer:
linear
trigonal planar
tetrahedral
Explanation:
Liquid diphenhydramine comes in a concentration of 12.5 mg per 5 ml
. Using the dosage calculated, how many milliliters of diphenhydramine should be administered to the child?
Answer:0.102 milliliters is required
Explanation:
The easy way to obtain this is to take unit conversation very important as diphenhydramine has a molar mass of 255.355grams per mole and the concentration of the liquid diphenhydramine is 12.5 milligrams per 5 milliliters.
We have to convert the molar mass into milligrams per mole by dividing by 1000 which yields 0.255355mg/mol then;
Simplify the molar mass divided by the concentration of the liquid diphenhydramine;
0.255355/12.5/5
This equals 0.102 milliliters!
Without the specific dosage, we cannot give a specific amount of milliliters. However, if we knew the dosage, we could use a proportion to calculate the corresponding milliliters. For example, a dosage of 25 mg would result in an administration of 10 mL.
Explanation:The question seems to be missing the specific dosage that should be given to the child. However, if we knew the specific dosage, we could calculate the milliliters of diphenhydramine to be administered using a proportion. For example, if the dosage was 25 mg, we would use the information that 12.5 mg corresponds to 5 mL to set up the equation: 12.5 mg/5 mL = 25 mg/x mL. Cross multiplying gives the equation 12.5x = 125, so x = 10 mL would be the appropriate dosage.
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if two atoms share electrons how does knowledge of the electronegativity of each atom help determine if the bond will be polar
Answer:
share
Explanation:
Mutations that neither benefit nor harm the organism have effect on the organism's survival.
No mutations that neither benefit nor harm the organism has no effect on the organism's survival.
Explanation:
The neutral mutations do not cause any effect on the organism they occur. They are called silent point mutations because they do not code for the amino acid change in the proteins.
They have no effect on the organism's survival neither beneficial nor harmful effect.
The neutral mutations do not affect the process of Natural selection.
Answer: Mutations that neither benefit nor harm the organism have A NEUTRAL effect on the organism's survival.
Explanation:
If it is non beneficial and not harmful, it will not do anything to effect the organism's survival. So it is neutral.
Neutral definition: Not helping or supporting either side in a conflict.
what is the definition of sound energy
Answer:
Sound energy is the form of energy generated when an object vibrates. Once produced through vibrations, sound energy is transferred in waves through mediums such as air and water before it reaches your ears.
Sound energy is a type of energy associated with the vibration of matter and its transmission from a source. It involves both kinetic and potential energy, traveling in periodic waves causing simple harmonic motions in atoms. It is perceived through hearing.
Explanation:Sound energy represents a type of energy associated with the vibration of matter. It emerges as a result of a disturbance of matter transmitted from the source outward. The atoms undergoing this disturbance are typically more organized than their thermal motions.
Sound energy involves the movement of particles, thus, combining both kinetic and potential energy. This movement is due to the elasticity of the material in which the sound is propagating. It's essential to note that sound energy travel in waves, more specifically, periodic waves, causing atoms to undergo simple harmonic motions.
The perception of sound energy is what we often refer to as hearing. Just as sight is the perception of visible light, hearing is how we interpret the energy carried by sound waves.
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some scientists believe that helium should not be used to inflate party balloons. why
Someone please help fast
Answer:
The last region should be right
Explanation:
plz help asap. answer needed!!!
Answer:
11.43g of Aluminum Hydroxide
Explanation:
Since we know that the sulfuric acid is the limiting reactant in this chemical reaction, we know that we are going to be left with excess aluminum hydroxide. So to find the amount of leftover aluminum hydroxide we are going to need to convert the given amount of sulfuric acid to the amount of aluminum hydroxide needed to react with the sulfuric acid.
[tex]\frac{35g H_{2}SO_{4}}{1}*\frac{1 mole H_{2}SO_{4}}{98.079 g H_{2}SO_{4}} *\frac{2 moles Al(OH)_{3} }{3 moles H_{2}SO_{4}} * \frac{78.003 g Al(OH)_{3} }{1 mole Al(OH)_{3} } = 18.557 g Al(OH)_{3}[/tex]
Once you do that, you need to subtract that number from the amount of aluminum hydroxide given to get the amount of left over aluminum hydroxide.
[tex]30 g Al(OH)_{3} - 18.557 g Al(OH)_{3} = 11.43 g Al(OH)_{3}[/tex]
Hope this helps!
Complete the table to summarize the properties of the different subatomic particles. Type in your answers.
Protons, neutrons, and electrons are subatomic particles that makeup atoms. Protons carry a positive charge, neutrons are neutral, and electrons carry a negative charge. The atom's actual mass might not equate to the sum of its subatomic particles due to the mass defect.
Explanation:Properties of Subatomic ParticlesThe subatomic particles you are referring to are protons, electrons, and neutrons, which are the building blocks of atoms. A proton has a mass of 1.0073 amu and a charge of 1+. A neutron is a slightly heavier particle with a mass of 1.0087 amu and a charge of zero, hence its name suggesting neutrality. The electron has a charge of 1- and is much lighter with a mass of about 0.00055 amu. Interestingly, the sum of an atom's subatomic particles does not equate to the atom's actual mass. This missing mass is known as the mass defect.
Subatomic particles also include neutrinos and other particles produced in accelerator experiments. Protons, electrons, and a few other particles, such as quarks, may be fundamental building blocks, but the substructure of quarks and electrons may be smaller than is presently observable.
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What is the molar mass of ace tic acid
Answer:
Molar mass of acetic acid = 60 g/mol
Explanation:
Molar mass of any compound is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms of elements present in it.
Molar mass of acetic acid:
Formula:
CH₃COOH
Atomic mass of carbon = 12 g/mol
Atomic mass of hydrogen = 1 g/mol
Atomic mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol
Molar mass of acetic acid = 12×2 + 1 × 4 + 16× 2
Molar mass of acetic acid = 60 g/mol
What is the pressure (in torr) inside a 4.0 liter flask at 24°C of 7.2 grams of nitrogen gas (remember that nitrogen gas is diatomic)?
Answer:
1190.2 Torr
Explanation:
Data Given:
Volume of a nitrogen gas ( V )= 4.0 L
temperature of a gas ( T ) = 24 °C
Convert °C to K
T = °C + 273
T = 24 + 273 = 297 K
mass of nitrogen gas (m) = 7.2 g
Pressure of a gas ( P ) =? in Torr
Solution:
Formula to be used
PV= nRT . . . . . . .(1)
As we Know
n= m/M
So, the equation 1 can be written as
PV = (m/M)RT
Rearrange the above formula
P = (m/M)RT / V . . . . . . . . . . (2)
Where
R is ideal gas constant
R = 62.37 L Torr mol⁻¹ K⁻¹
M = molar mass of N₂
molar mass of N₂ = 2(14) = 28 g/mol
m = mass of N₂ gas
Put values in equation 1
P = (m/M)RT / V
P = (7.2 g / 28 g/mol) 62.37 L Torr mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ x 297 K / 4.0 L
P = 0.257 mol x 62.37 L Torr mol⁻¹ K⁻¹ x 297 K /4.0 L
P = 4761 L Torr / 4.0 L
P = 1190.2 Torr
Pressure of gas (N₂) = 1190.2 Torr
List common properties of bonds
Answer:
Bond are the strong forces that holds two atoms Together in a molecule.
Explanation:
Some properties of bonds are as follow:
1. There are three types of bonds : ionic , covalent , coordinate
2. Ionic bonds are formed by transfer of electron form one atom to other. These bonds are very strong because they are formed by electrostatic force of attraction between opposite charges.
The ionic Bonds have very high lattice energy.
due to ionic bond , ionic compound have very high melting point ,boiling point, conductivity in melt state etc.
3. Covalent bonds : These bonds are formed by the sharing of electron .They are weaker than ionic bonds. The melting point and electrical conductivity of covalent compounds are lower than ionic bonds.
Why do elements combine to form bond?
They do so to get stability in order to complete their octet.