Answer:
The correct answer is- spirochetes
Explanation:
Spirochetes are a group of bacteria which are long, flexible and helical shaped. Some of them are associated with some disease in humans like yawns, lime disease, syphilis, etc.
Yawn is childhood infectious disease caused by a spirochete bacteria called Treponema pallidum pertenue. These bacterial usually affect the children who live in tropical regions like Africa, Southeast Asia. They can affect skin, bones, and joints. They can spread through direct contact with skin sores.
So the cells of T. pertenue which are helical, relatively long, and flexible known as spirochetes.
The normal prion protein is: Multiple Choice a) bound to the ribosomes of neurons. b) bound to the cell membrane of neurons. c) found in the nucleus of neurons. d) found in the mitochondria of neurons. e) found in the synapse between neurons.
Answer: B) Bound to the cell membrane of neurons
Explanation:
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a cell surface protein expressed in a variety of different organs and tissues with high expression levels in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
PrPC attaches to the outer surface of the cell membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor but researchers have proposed roles in cell signalling and formation of synapses.
There are a number of properties that all organisms share. In humans, exposure to ultraviolet light can result in a darkening of the skin. What kind of property is this?
a. energy processing
b. response to the environment
c. regulation
d. growth and development
Answer:
b. response to the environment
Explanation:
The ozone layer filters out most of the sun's harmful UV( ultraviolent) radiation. But when various environmental stresses and other human anthropogenic factors occurs, depletion of the ozone layer sets in and excessive production of Ultraviolent light emerges as well. Exposure to these ultraviolent light have the tendency and capability of causing damage to the skin cells which in turn cause wrinkles and darkening to the skin, damage to the melanin or sometimes skin cancer.
A wild-type tomato plant (Plant 1) is homozygous dominant for three traits: solid leaves (MM), normal height (DD), and smooth skin (PP). Another tomato plant (Plant 2) is homozygous recessive for the same three traits: mottled leaves (mm), dwarf height (dd), and peach skin (pp). Two plants. Plant 1 has solid leaves (two uppercase M), normal height (two uppercase D), and fruits with smooth skin (two uppercase P). Plant 2 has mottled leaves (two lowercase m), dwarf height (two lowercase d), and fruits with peach skin (two lowercase p). In a cross between these two plants (MMDDPP x mmddpp), all offspring in the F1 generation are wild type and heterozygous for all three traits (MmDdPp). Now suppose you perform a testcross on one of the F1 plants (MmDdPp x mmddpp). The F2 generation can include plants with these eight possible phenotypes:________. Assuming that the three genes undergo-independent assortment, predict the phenotypic ratio of the offspring in the F2 generation.
a. solid, normal, smooth.
b. solid, normal, peach.
c. solid, dwarf, smooth.
d. solid, dwarf, peach.
e. mottled, normal, smooth.
f. mottled, normal, peach.
g. mottled, dwarf, smooth.
h. mottled, dwarf, peach.
Answer: In this type of cross between MmDdPp and mmddpp, the phenotypic ratios in the eight possible phenotypes are as follow; a. solid, normal, smooth = 1:8
b. solid, normal, peach = 1:8
c. solid, dwarf, smooth = 1:8
d. solid, dwarf, peach = 1:8
e. mottled, normal, smooth = 1:8
f. mottled, normal, peach = 1:8
g. mottled, dwarf, smooth = 1:8
h. mottled, dwarf, peach = 1:8
Explanation: The number of gametes that can be formed from a particular genotype is given as 2^n where n is the number of heterozygous loci. In the genotype MmDdPp, n = 3. Therefore, 8 gametes can be formed.
In genotype mmddpp, n = 0. Therefore, only one type of gamete can be formed.
Crossing the two genotype (MmDdPp and mmddpp) as shown in the attached image, 8 possible offsprings can be achieved. Phenotypes of these offspring had been stated earlier. The phenotypic frequency of each of these offspring is one out of eight (⅛).
The eight possible phenotypes resulting from a cross between an F1 plant (MmDdPp) and a homozygous recessive plant (mmddpp) are equally probable (1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1) due to the principle of independent assortment. This principle indicates that each trait segregates independently.
Explanation:The tomato plant question deals with the principle of independent assortment in genetics, which states that the alleles for different genes get sorted into gametes independently of one another. In the testcross with an F1 plant (MmDdPp) and a plant homozygous recessive for all traits (mmddpp), the F1 plant can provide either the dominant or recessive allele for each trait, resulting in eight possible phenotypes in the F2 generation.
To predict the phenotypic ratio of the offspring in the F2 generation, we could use the Punnett Square method or probability concepts. As each trait has a 1:1 ratio (for example, solid:mottled leaves), this results in equal chance (50%) for each trait to be either dominant or recessive. Applying this to all three traits and considering them independently, the expected phenotypic ratio would be 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 for the eight phenotypes:
solid, normal, smoothsolid, normal, peachsolid, dwarf, smoothsolid, dwarf, peachmottled, normal, smoothmottled, normal, peachmottled, dwarf, smoothmottled, dwarf, peachLearn more about Independent Assortment here:https://brainly.com/question/32921835
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What does Dr. Ally Hextall tell Dr. Ellis Cheever that "…somewhere in the world the wrong pig met up with the wrong bat" as they are discussing the protein structure of the contagion?
Answer:
It's the race for finding a cure i.e., Vaccine
Explanation:
"…somewhere in the world the wrong pig met up with the wrong bat"
This explains that the contagion is a airborne virus that has a potential of killing it's host within days after a infection. The problem comes now when those scientists are trying their best in finding the cure i.e., a vaccine that can cure the disease spread by the virus. It is a type of competition in which the race between several parties for cure are going on.
"The statement made by Dr. Ally Hextall to Dr. Ellis Cheever, "somewhere in the world the wrong pig met up with the wrong bat," refers to the zoonotic origin of the fictional virus in the movie "Contagion."
This phrase suggests that the virus, which has a unique protein structure, likely emerged through a cross-species transmission event where a pig (susceptible to both avian and human influenza viruses) came into contact with a bat (known to harbor many viruses, including coronaviruses). Such an event could lead to the creation of a novel virus through genetic recombination or reassortment, which could then jump to humans and potentially cause a pandemic. This scenario is a nod to real-life epidemiology, where many emerging infectious diseases originate from animal hosts.
In the context of the movie, this dialogue underscores the concept of zoonotic spillover, a process by which a pathogen jumps from a non-human animal to a human. The "wrong" in this context implies an unfortunate and rare combination of events that leads to the emergence of a highly virulent and transmissible virus capable of causing a global outbreak. The protein structure of the virus would be unique as a result of this interspecies mixing, making it a novel threat that the human population has no pre-existing immunity against, and thus, it could spread rapidly and cause significant morbidity and mortality."
Using microscope to look at a slide prepared with a stain you observe a cell with a clear inner compartment within the cell. This is cell is most likely a(n) ____________.
Answer: An archaeon
Explanation: Archaeon is a member of the prokaryotes (organisms with false nucleus). They have unusual shape. They share close resemblance in cell structure with bacteria. Their cytoplasm are spaced with organelles in spatial arrangements.
Which of the following is NOT an epithelial structure?
an eccrine sweat gland
the sciatic nerve
the organ that secretes the hormone renin
the innermost wall of the urinary bladder (the lining)
The sciatic nerve
Answer:
The sciatic nerve is not an epithelial structure.
Explanation:
The sciatic nerve can be described as the largest nerve of the body. The sciatic nerve is formed when 5 nerves from the lower spine join. Hence, the sciatic nerve is not an epithelial structure. It is such long that it goes all the way from top of the leg till the foot. The sciatic nerve is involved in supplying sensations to the feet and to the skin.
Match the following.
Part A
1. night blindness
2. color blindness
3. hyperopia
4. myopia
5. astigmatism
Part B
a. trouble distinguishing colors
b. eyeball too short
c. vitamin A deficiency
d. eyeball too long
e. light refracted aspherically
night blindness-vitamin A deficiency
color blindness - trouble distinguishing colors
hyperopia-eyeball too short
myopia-eyeball too long
astigmatism-light refracted aspherically.
Explanation:Night blindness is defined as the disease which involves the mal production of retinol in the rod cells of retina. This leads to the decreased sensitivity of eye to dim light.
Similarly, colour blindness is a genetic disease which is characterised by absence of a particular pigment in cone cells. This restricts the vision of a particular colour.
Hyperopia or hypermetropia is the shortening of eyeball which leads to the focusing of light rays behind the retina. So convex lenses are required to focus them on retina.
Myopia is the opposite of hypermetropia where the eyeball is elongated and the light rays doesn't reach the retina. So concave lens are required to focus the rays on retina.
Astigmatism is the case where the curvature of lens isn't correct, and the lens required for the correction is cylindrical lens
Bodies of water tend to moderate climate because _____.A)the hydrogen bonding in water gives it a high specific heatB)water has a high heat of vaporizationC)the hydrogen bonding in water causes it to be cohesiveD)water is always cooler than the nearby landmassesE)All of the listed responses are correct.
Answer: Option E
Explanation:
The bodies of water on earth is responsible controlling the climate.This is because water has different qualities.
The water has hydrogen bonding in it which provides high specific heat which retains heat in the water which is useful for the aquatic animals.
The water has high rate of vaporization due to which different components can be easily separated from the water.
It is cohesive in nature which allows the water to remain in such state for a longer period of time. The water is always cooler than the surrounding environment so as to maintain the temperature around water.
On Christmas morning, 3-year-old Billy opens a gift from his mother and finds a new sweater. Disappointed that it is not a toy, Billy frowns and throws the sweater aside in front of his mother with no regard for her feelings. Billy is demonstrating _________.
A. centration.B. egocentric thought.C. conservation.D. intuitive thought.
Answer: egocentric thought
Explanation:
he is only thinking of his self
Final answer:
(Option B) Egocentric thought is demonstrated when a child cannot consider another person's perspective, common in the preoperational stage of development.
Explanation:
The concept demonstrated by Billy is egocentric thought, which is defined as the inability to take the perspective of another person, common in young children during the preoperational stage of cognitive development.
Children displaying egocentric thought tend to think that everyone sees, thinks, and feels just as they do, without considering others' perspectives. An example of egocentric thought can be seen when a child gives a gift that they like assuming the recipient will also like it, without considering the recipient's preferences.
After teaching a client about taking daily oral iron preparations for a moderate iron deficiency anemia, which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that additional instruction is needed?
Answer:
I will call the doctor if my stools turn black
Explanation
Iron supplements are given to patients who have iron deficiency related diseases such as anemia. There are a number of iron preparations that can be given to patients to manage these conditions. These supplements causes the stool to turn black or even green
For example the said client was given oral iron preparations for moderate iron deficiency anemia. When he says he will call a doctor if his stool turns black indicates he will need additional instructions.
Researchers have found that nearly twice as many of the neural connections made in an infant's brain will ever be used. The unused connections will be ________.
Answer:
Pruned
Explanation:
Whenever there are extra synapses present in the brain that are no longer in use then the brain tends to eliminate these connections and this is termed as synaptic pruning .During this process there is decay of the dendrites as well as the axons .The process typically occurs at the peak in the period between early childhood and the onset of puberty however it begins at the time of birth and continues upto the early 20s. Further pruning is affected by the learning mechanism and the influence of the environment.One thing to be noted is that in pruning the death of the neurons does not occur however there is simple retraction of the synaptic connections.Salvador would like to take a paternity test to determine if he is Pilar’s father. He asks Pilar’s mother, Antonia, to provide DNA samples for both her and Pilar. Which technique will most likely be used to compare the three DNA samples?
Answer:
d. Autoradiographies
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that the technique that is mainly used for this are Autoradiographies. This is a technique that is mostly used for X- ray film to visualize molecules or fragments of molecules that have been radioactively but are also used for analyzing the length and number of DNA fragments using a special method called gel electrophoresis which is then used to compare the various DNA samples.
Please help!! Punnett squares (biology)
Answer/Explanation:
For the woman to be blood type B, she must either have 2 B alleles (homozygous, BB) or 1 B allele (heterozygous, BO). We can draw two punnett squares to show each of the potential outcomes when she has children with an AB man.
The two punnett squares are attached. In order to have a child that is type A, she needs to be heterozygous, BO. Even then, there was only a 25% chance that their child would have type A blood. If she were homozygous BB, it would be impossible for her to have a type A child with an AB man.
When you sneeze, air is forcefully exhaled from your nose. As the air exits the nose, what is the last structure the air will pass through?
The last structure the air will pass through will be External nares
Explanation:
The upper portion of the respiratory tract is the nasal cavity and the nose. The external nose forms the first and foremost respiratory tract area. Nose is the major part that is responsible in exchanging air with the atmosphere. It is responsible for the human survival.
There are two openings in a nose. These are called as nostrils. They are also called as exterior nares. The air from the atmosphere when inhaled it enters into the nostril. from there is is sent to the nasal cavity. Nasal cavity is the place where the air that is inhaled will be purified and it is transported to various human parts. thus, when air contains any dust or impurities it will make you to sneeze thereby the air gets out of the nose through External nares
According to developmental psychologist Kenneth Dodge, successful __________ proceeds through a series of steps that correspond to the child's information-processing strategies.
a) status managementb) conflict resolutionc) social competenced) social problem solving
Answer:
Option d) social problem solving
Explanation:
Psychologist define learning capacity of child by the use of small set of process including observational skills, problem solving skill, conditioning and other reflexes. According to psychologist a child having ability to solve a problem indicates that child has developed in-cognitive abilities well and his brain capability is higher than non-problem solving children.
Kenneth Dodge's theory relates to social problem solving, which is a sequence of steps based on children's information-processing. Various conflict management strategies such as competition, avoidance, accommodation, compromise, and collaboration are critical in the development of these skills.
According to developmental psychologist Kenneth Dodge, successful social problem solving proceeds through a series of steps that correspond to the child's information-processing strategies. This concept is part of a broader framework called psychosocial development, a process proposed by Erikson in which social tasks are mastered as humans move through eight stages of life from infancy to adulthood. Understanding conflict resolution and management is crucial in this developmental process.
There are various strategies for managing conflict, including competition, avoidance, accommodation, compromise, and collaboration. These strategies reflect the concern we place on self versus others and are influenced by our upbringing and experiences. Effective conflict resolution can deescalate conflict, and the approach used in conflict situations often depends on the context and learned behavior.
Fresh foods lose nutritive value and spoil over time. People in urban areas often live far from the farms where fresh foods are grown. As a result, they can have a hard time accessing nutritious foods. Community gardens in high-density urban areas offer a solution to this problem, in that they allow people to grow their own fresh produce.
Which part of this problem would community gardens most likely solve?
A. Financial cost
B. Aesthetics
C. Safety
D. Public health
Answer:
Community garden would solve the "public health" problem
Explanation:
Community garden is a land where different fruits, vegetables and other plants are grown in shared land so as to meet the kitchen requirement. In the community garden people work combinedly in order to make a beautiful as well as productive space. Community garden idea allows people to interact with neighbors and can spend some time outdoor, able to make new friends in the colony and it can help in maintaining the mental and public health.
Answer:
public health
Explanation:
just finished the test on ap.ex
What is the difference in the adaptation of a sled dogs (such as a Husky) thick coat of hair to help it withstand the cold temperatures of Arctic winters and a dog that adapts to cold temperatures in the fall by growing a thickened coat? The adaptation of the sled dog best describes adaptation at the ____________ level while the dog exposed to seasonal colder temperatures has _____________.
A. Regional; natural selection at the individual level
B. Individual; physiological modifications at the population level
C. Population; physiological modifications at the individual level
D. Species; natural selection at the population level
E. Ecosystem; physiological modifications at the individual level
Asked by Lola, Last updated: Jan 15, 2020
The adaptation of the sled dog best describes adaptation at the Population level while the dog exposed to seasonal colder temperatures has physiological modifications at the individual level.
Explanation:
Adaptations are the special characteristic of animals and plants necessary for their survival in a particular climate. Sledge dogs are not pet and also does not come under wild animals category. These animals change their characteristics physically to survive in a particular weather.
Sledge dogs changes their fur, blood circulation, tongue, feet and tail to survive in winter.
The fur in the sledge dog has two coats. This helps them to adapt to extreme cold conditions. The fur in the outermost layer helps in expelling water. This will provide dryness to the dog. The fur that is the the next layer acts as an insulator and prevents the dog skin to lose heat. Thus, this adaptation describes the adaptation at population level and physical changes that its makes in its individual body to survive in cold temperatures.
The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the __________.
Answer:
Nucleus
Explanation:
The nucleus is the genetic center of the eukaryotic cell because it contains the genetic material (DNA, RNA) used for the storage of genetic information
The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the nucleus, an organelle that contains most of the cell's DNA and serves as its control center. It is enclosed by a double membrane and regulates gene expression and protein synthesis.
The genetic center of the eukaryotic cell is the nucleus. The nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. It contains the genetic material of the cell in the form of DNA, which is organized into chromosomes. The primary function of the nucleus is to regulate gene expression and control protein synthesis. The nucleus is distinct from the nucleoid region found in prokaryotic cells, where the DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
The structure of the nucleus involves a double membrane, known as the nuclear envelope, which separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Inside, a substance called nucleoplasm is similar to the cytosol outside the nucleus. While most eukaryotic cells contain a single nucleus, there are exceptions, such as muscle cells which may contain multiple nuclei, and red blood cells which lack a nucleus altogether.
The organelle plays a crucial role during cell division, where it breaks down during mitosis and meiosis, allowing chromosomes to be organized and divided between new daughter cells. Moreover, it is involved in the transcription of various types of RNA which are critical for protein synthesis and gene regulation.
What do you expect if an individual is heterozygous for the sickle-cell trait?
Answer:
Normally He would be asymptomatic but in cases of stressful conditions such as infection or heavy exercise it may causes symptoms as hemoglobin capacity of Red Blood cells is less compare to normal person.
Explanation:
Part A - Identifying X-linked inheritance in pedigrees
You are investigating the inheritance of two rare conditions (A and B) in an extended family of thoroughbred racehorses. You have constructed the following pedigree for these conditions.
Identify the inheritance mode of each condition by using the labels to complete the table. Labels can be used once, more than once, or not at all.
Condition A Inheritance Mode: _____________________ ?
Condition B Inheritance Mode: _____________________ ?
PICK ANSWER FROM THESE CHOICES:
A) Autosomal Dominant
B) X-linked Dominant
C) X-linked Recessive
D) Autosomal Recessive
Sex-linked inheritance refers to genes linked to the sexual chromosomes, while autosomal inheritance refers to genes placed in autosomal chromosomes. Condition A: Option D / Condition B: Option C
--------------------------
According to the pedigree, we can assume that
Condition A Inheritance Mode is Autosomal RecessiveCondition B Inheritance Mode is X-linked RecessiveLet us first remember a few concepts,
Sex-linked ⇒ Refers to the gene that is linked to one of the sex chromosomes. In general, genes are linked to the X chromosome.
Autosomal ⇒ These genes affect men and women equally because they are located on autosomal chromosomes.
Also, remember that in a pedigree,
Circles represent women or females.Squares represent men or males. Empty symbols are healthy or not affected individuals.Solid symbols represent affected individuals.Each individual can be represented with a letter o a number.Generations are represented with roman numbers.Now, let us analyze each condition
Condition A.
This condition appears only in the female II-6. This female has two brothers, both of them not expressing the condition. Their parents do not express the condition either.If the condition was dominant, at least one of the parents should be heter0zyg0us expressing it. So we can assume that the condition is recessive and that female II6 is h0m0zyg0us recessive for that trait.
If the gene coding for this condition was sex-linked, then the mother of woman II6 should be heter0zyg0us, and the father should be affected.
The fact that individuals I-3 and I-4 (father and mother) do not express the condition, and only individual 6 does, suggests that the gene coding for this trait is autosomal recessive.
Both parents must be heter0zyg0us for the trait, the brothers might be either h0m0zyg0us dominant or heter0zyg0us, and the affected woman is h0m0zyg0us recessive.
So let us make a short cross:
Cross) man I-3 x woman I-4
Parentals) Aa x Aa
Gametes) A a A a
Punnett square) A a
A AA Aa
a Aa aa
F1) 3/4 AA + Aa ⇒ individuals II-5 and II-7
1/4 aa ⇒ individual II-6
According to this analysis, Condition A Inheritance Mode is Autosomal Recessive (Option D).
Condition B.
This condition appears in individuals I-2, III-1, III-3, and IV-2.All the other individuals do not express the condition.The fact that the condition is mostly affecting men, excepting for individual
IV-2, suggests that the gene coding for this trait could be sex-linked.
If it was dominant, at least one of the individuals II-1 and II-2 should carry the dominant allele and should express the trait.
The fact that these individuals do not express the trait, but their III-1 son does, suggests that this is a recessive trait.
According to this analysis, Condition B Inheritance Mode is X-linked Recessive (Option C).
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Agar is a useful compound in the microbiology lab because it is an excellent nutrient for bacteria. Agar is a useful compound in the microbiology lab because it is an excellent nutrient for bacteria. A. TrueB. False
Answer:
A)True
Explanation:
Nutrient Agar is a nutrient medium used for the growth of microbes supporting growth of a vast number of organisms. Nutrient agar is popular because it can grow a variety of types of bacteria and fungi, and contains many nutrients needed for the bacterial growth.Nutrient agar provides these resources for many types of microbes, from fungi like yeast and mold to common bacteria such as Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. The microbes that can be grown on complex media such as nutrient agar can be described as nonfastidious organisms.
Agar is falsely believed to be a nutrient for bacteria; it's actually a solidification agent used in growth media to provide a physical matrix for bacterial cultures, not a nutritional one.
Explanation:The statement that agar is an excellent nutrient for bacteria is false. Agar is a polysaccharide derived from red algae, used commonly in microbiology laboratories for culturing bacteria and other microorganisms; however, it is not a nutrient source for them. Instead, agar serves as a solidification agent in growth media, providing a stable matrix to embed the nutrients that bacteria require for growth but itself does not contribute nutritionally. The primary role of agar in these media is to form a gelatinous solid matrix upon cooling, which bacteria cannot digest, making it ideal for observing the growth and behavior of microorganisms on a solid surface. Agar is mixed with various nutrients and then poured into petri dishes, test tubes, or other containers to solidify into agar plates, agar slants, and agar deeps, serving different purposes in microbial cultivation.
Although the main role of carbohydrates and lipids is to provide energy; vitamins, minerals, and ________ must also be present in the cell.
Answer: Water
Explanation:
There are 6 nutrients in the body which helps in keeping the body healthy. These components are carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These molecules helps in providing energy to the body.
The vitamins minerals and water is equally important for the cells as it helps in carrying out various types of reactions inside the body.
All the macro and micro nutrients are important for keeping the body healthy.
If the onset of a light reliably signals the onset of food, a rat in a Skinner box will work to turn on the light. In this case, the light is a ________ reinforcer.a) partial
b) primary
c) negative
d) conditioned
e) delayed
Answer:
The correct answer is option d) "conditioned".
Explanation:
A conditioned reinforcer is an external stimulus that helps an animal to perform certain activity or develop certain behavior. Conditioned reinforcement requires a learning process, which most likely was necessary in order to make the rat to turn on the light looking for food. Therefore, in this case the light is a conditioned reinforcer.
Final answer:
The light in a Skinner box experiment that reliably signals the onset of food becomes a conditioned reinforcer. This is because it gains the power to reinforce behavior through its association with a primary reinforcer, like food, established through the process of classical conditioning.
Explanation:
If the onset of a light reliably signals the onset of food, a rat in a Skinner box will work to turn on the light. In this case, the light is a conditioned reinforcer.
A conditioned reinforcer, also known as a secondary reinforcer, is a previously neutral event that has become associated with a primary reinforcer through classical conditioning. Primary reinforcers are stimuli that are naturally preferred or enjoyed by the organism, like food, water, and relief from pain. Through the conditioning process, the formerly neutral stimulus (in this case, the light) becomes a signal for the primary reinforcer (food) and gains the ability to reinforce behavior because of its association with the primary reinforcer.
In operant conditioning experiments, like those with a rat in a Skinner box, a light might be turned on every time food is delivered as a consequence of the rat pressing a lever. Eventually, the rat learns to associate the light with the delivery of food. Even without the immediate presence of food, the light being turned on becomes enough to increase the likelihood of the lever-press behavior, making it a conditioned reinforcer.
how the endocrine system and nervous systems become involved when a student feels stress--such as that associated with an upcoming exam. Be detailed and cite sources in this weeks posting.
Answer:
The endocrine system and nervous system work together for the maintenance of the homeostasis of the organisms. Endocrine system release hormones whereas nervous system includes the release of neurotransmitters.
The stress condition in the body generates the fight and flight mechanisms of the body. The hypothalamus releases the hormone known as epinephrine that activates the sympathetic parts of the autonomic nervous system. This generates the different changes like increase in the blood flow, pupil dilation and perspiration to prepare the body for stress situation.
If phospholipid-like molecules in an alien species had charged tails and uncharged heads, how would these molecules be arranged in alien cell membranes, assuming that the cells and their surroundings are aqueous in the aliens?
Answer:
The arrangement of those molecules would be contrary of the living earth cells membranes, heads on the inside and tails on the outside.
Explanation:
The alien version of phospholipid molecules would favor the membranes to be arranged in a way that the head of the molecules would be faced each other, and the tail of the molecules would be faced to the aqueous surroundings. This is explained by the fact that phospholid molecules have a hydrophilic content that present charged groups or uncharged polar groups that can form either favorable electrostatic interactions or hydrogen bonds with water molecules. And in the case of the alien phospholipid is the tail that will be the hydrophilic content, instead of the ''earth phospholid''.
Discuss the effect of each of the following factors on RBC count. Consult an appropriate reference as necessary, and explain your reasoning.
Answer:
Athletic training increases red blood cell count.
A permanent move from sea level to high altitude increases red blood cell count.
Explanation:
Athletic training increases red blood cell count.
An athlete has a comparatively increased muscle mass and requires an efficient oxygen means of transportation to the muscles during the course of the athlete running 4 to 5 miles a day over a period of 6 to nine months training or execrise.
A permanent move from sea level to high altitude increases red blood cell count.
The air is less dense at high altitudes and would posses a reduced amount of oxygen. The body make up for this lower concentration of oxygen in the air by yielding more RBCs to ensure that the same corresponding level of oxygen can be acquired or accumulated and then its transported by the blood.
___________________________
The complete question
Discuss the effect of each of the following factors on RBC count. Consult an appropriate reference as necessary, and explain your reasoning: The long-term effect of athletic training (for example, running 4 to 5 miles a day over a period of 6 to nine months, and a permanent move from sea level to a high-altitude area.
Final answer:
Factors affecting RBC count include blood loss, faulty RBC production, and excessive RBC destruction, which can be analyzed by kinetic or morphological approaches. Polycythemia is a condition where RBC count increases due to various causes.
Explanation:
Effects of Factors on Red Blood Cell (RBC) Count
Changes in the levels of RBCs can significantly affect the body's oxygen delivery system. Factors affecting RBC count can be categorized blood loss, faulty RBC production, or excessive RBC destruction.
For example, blood loss through trauma or internal bleeding would lead to a decreased RBC count as the body loses its cells. On the other hand, inadequate production might be due to bone marrow disorders, nutritional deficiencies, or chronic diseases interfering with hematopoiesis. Excessive destruction of RBCs can occur in conditions like hemolytic anemia or infections.
Diagnostic methods like the kinetic approach analyze the production and removal rates of RBCs, whereas the morphological approach focuses on appearance and size, using metrics like the mean corpuscle volume (MCV). Polycythemia, an increase in RBC count, can be caused by dehydration, living at high altitudes, or bone marrow diseases like polycythemia vera.
The various parts of the endomembrane system serve different functions in the cell. In this activity, you will identify the roles of each part of the endomembrane system. Match each function to the appropriate bin.1. protein synthesis2. protein modification and sorting 3. macromolecule digestion4. lipid synthesis 5. autophagy 6. cisternal maturation 7. calcium ion storage8. poison detoxification a. smooth ERb. rough ER c. Golgi apparatus d. lysosomes
Answer:
1. protein synthesis - (b) rough ER
2. protein modification and sorting - (c) Golgi apparatus
3. macromolecule digestion - (d) lysosomes
4. lipid synthesis - (a) smooth ER
5. autophagy - (d) lysosomes
6. cisternal maturation - (c) Golgi apparatus
7. calcium ion storage - (a) smooth ER
8. poison detoxification - (a) smooth ER
Explanation:
Rough ER or rough endoplasmic reticulum with the help of ribosomes is responsible for protein synthesis and their subsequent transport to various other parts of the cell that is why both these organelles are also known as protein factory.
Soon after proteins are synthesized with the help of rough ER, they are transported to another network of organelle known as golgi apparatus. In golgi apparatus, the nascent protein is further modified and sorted. Modification and sorting of proteins help in identifying their final destination i.e. whether the protein is meant for mitochondria or plasma membrane or some other organelle. Maturation of cisternae also takes place in golgi apparatus.
Smooth ER or smooth endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for lipid synthesis, storage of calcium ions and poison detoxification. Most of the steroid hormones, triglycerols etc. are synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Smooth ER also stores calcium ions so that whenever they are required they can be sequestered back into the cytosol. Poison detoxification occurs in the smooth ER of liver because the enzymes present in the liver are capable of converting such hydrophobic substances into hydrophilic substances so that they could be easily secreted out of the body.
Lysosome is the organelle which is responsible for macromolecule digestion and autophagy. Lysosomes have very low pH and a lot of hydrolyzing enzymes which can easily digest macromolecules. Autophagy is a self degradable process in which damaged cells are eaten or destroyed by lysosomes so that their macromolecules could be broken down into their monomers so that they can be reused by our body.
The endomembrane system includes the rough and smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes each with specific functions such as protein and lipid synthesis, protein modification and sorting, autophagy, and poison detoxification.
Explanation:The endomembrane system of a cell consists of different parts that perform specific functions. Here is the correct match between each function and its corresponding part:
Protein synthesis - rough ER Protein modification and sorting - Golgi apparatus Macromolecule digestion - lysosomes Lipid synthesis - smooth ER Autophagy - lysosomes Cisternal maturation - Golgi apparatus Calcium ion storage - smooth ER Poison detoxification - smooth ER Learn more about Endomembrane System here:https://brainly.com/question/35490098
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Scott made a model of the water cycle by filling a tub with water, covering the tub with clear plastic, and placing a heat lamp over the tub. After a few days, he observed water droplets collecting on the plastic wrap.What do the water droplets represent?
a. precipitation
b. condensation
c. transpiration
d. evaporation
Answer: B
Explanation:
When water is heated is changes from the liquid state of matter to the gas(vapour) state which is known as vaporization. While condensation is the change from the gas state to the liquid state, and it is the reverse of vaporization.
Condensation is the change in the state of water from its gaseous form into liquid water. When water is heated warm air rises (water vapor), when it cools and looses its capacity to hold water vapor, it forms changes back to the liquid state which is seen inform if water droplets on the plastic wrap.
Answer:
b. condensation
Explanation:
Condensation is a phenomenon which describes the physical change of matter from a gaseous form to a liquid form, when the matter in its gaseous state comes in contact with humid air. It is a kind of recycling process of water.
In the model of water cycle made by Scott, the water droplets observed that was collecting on the plastic wrap represents condensation. As water becomes vaporized in the tub, the gaseous form of the water comes in contact with humid air, which leads to condensation as seen in the collection of water droplets. The water vapor is converted back to the liquid form of water.
The morphine administered to Ms. Hughes was not effective in relieving her pain; this is a sign of potential compartment syndrome.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
Answer is A. True.
Explanation:
Compartment syndrome is the condition which develop or occur through the increased pressure in the compartments or body space , most especially the legs and arms. This occur through some certain injuries like fracture, which causes bleeding in the muscle.
The only and best treatment for compartment syndrome is surgery.
In the case of Ms Hughes, she is believed to have developed a condition known as compartment syndrome, because patient with compartment syndrome, seem to continue to have increased pain despite the administration of morphine.And they keep complaining of unrelenting pain.
Which correctly matches a group with an adaptation to life on land that this group pioneered? Refer to the phylogeny as you evaluate the options.
Answer: The question is not complete, we do not know the group that we are going to match with the the pioneered group. Not to worry we will figure something out for you to be able to answer similar question(s). Check below.
Explanation:
PHYLOGENY deals with the history of evolution of plants and animals of different species. It involves the use of comparative anatomy, paleontology and embryology to determine the evolution of different species of plants and animals.
According to scientific researches, there are claims that plants started not on the terrestrial habitat/LAND but in water(aquatic habitat). According to the Researches made, the first plant actually came from Green algae. Plants are photosynthetic organisms but, the first organisms to photosynthesize were bacteria living inside water(aquatic habitat).
It was until about 350 million years (or less) that plants were successfully adapt to life in terrestrial habitat)/LAND.
ADAPTATIONS OF PLANTS TO LIFE ON LAND:
In order for plants to survive on LAND, several adaptations has to be developed. They are giving below:
==> Development of cuticle and stomata.
===> Development of vascular tissue.
===> Alternation of generation.
A good example is ANGIOSPERM PIONEERED PLANTS.