Which of these organisms most recently had a common ancestor with modern humans?
bear
dog
Homo erectus
chimpanzee

The setting which would allow us to observe a specimen with the highest possible magnification is the Objective 10x Ocular 10x.

Explanation:

To observe a specimen with the highest possible magnification is the magnification needed to be the maximum. To gain such a magnification, magnification power of objective and magnification power of ocular or eye lens will be required together at max being the product. Because,

Magnification of object = magnification by ocular lens x magnification by objective lens.

Thereby, among the option, when the magnification power of objective lens is 10X and that of ocular lens is 10X, together will produce a magnification of 100X.

Final answer:

The highest possible magnification to observe a specimen can be achieved using the oil immersion objective lens with a magnification of 1000X and a resolution of 0.2°m.

Explanation:

To observe a specimen with the highest possible magnification, you should use the oil immersion objective lens on a light microscope. This lens can achieve a total magnification of 1000X, which means objects appear 1000 times larger than they are. A resolution of 0.2°m is the practical limit due to the diffraction of light waves, but the oil immersion objective allows for the observation of small structures such as bacteria, which are difficult to see clearly without this enhancement.

When preparing to use the oil immersion lens, you should first sequentially increase the objective magnification up to 40x. Once you focus on the target area, you can then swing the objective halfway to 100x magnification and add a drop of immersion oil to the area of analysis before finally focusing the specimen at the full 1000x magnification using the oil immersion objective.

Answer:

1. Auxins is a plant hormone that plays role in the differentiation of vascular tissue, stimulates the release of ethylene, prevention of abscission, controls cellular elongation, and enhances fruit development. Cytokinin plays an important role in cell division, delay senescence, and activating dormant buds in plants. The function of ethylene hormone in plants is in fruit ripening, promoting abscission. Gibberellins stimulate pollen tube growth,  cause elongation of stems, initiate mobilization of storage materials in seeds during germination.

2. During transpiration, water is pulled from the roots to the leaves through a tissue called the xylem. As water evaporates out of the leaf, more water is 'pulled upwards' to replace lost water.

3. The stomata in the leaves are surrounded by guard cells. They can regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata.

4.During pressure flow, the sugar is transported from leaves to roots and phloem cells through the phloem via active transport.

5.

Phototropism refers to the growth of a plant in response to a light stimulus.

Example:  Sunflowers --  flowers turn to face with the sunlight.

Geotropism is a process in which plant grows in response to gravity.

Example: Roots -- grow downward in response to gravity

Thigmotropism is the directional response of a plant organ to  physical contact with a solid object.

Example: the growth of ivy on walls --  upon contact to walls

A chain reaction in fission nuclear reactions results in more neutrons being produced.

A nuclear chain reaction can be defined as a series of nuclear fissions which occurs when the neutrons released produces an additional nuclear fission in an average of one or more atomic nucleus.

This ultimately implies that, neutrons are used to trigger or initiate fission nuclear reactions in a nuclear chain reaction.

In conclusion, we can deduce that a chain reaction in fission nuclear reactions results in more neutrons being produced.

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This phrase belong in Y on the diagram.

D. In Y

Explanation:

The Venn Diagram represents the work of Scientists, Schleiden and Schwann. Schleiden worked in the year 1838 and Schwann in the year 1839. Both Scientists studied cells and used microscope for carrying out the experiments. Schleiden was a Botanist and thus studied plant cells. Schwann was a Zoologist and thus studied animal cells.

Both of them contributed in proposing cell theory. Thus, Y marked region shows Schwann studied animals. The X region shows the study of Schleiden on plants. Z is the intersection area which shows studies of both the Scientists.

Answer:

D, In Y

Explanation:

clearly it was investigated on 2939

All the 10 offsprings have recessive smooth coats because all the progeny are formed by recessive r allele and resulted is smooth coat. It was because one of the parents was heterozygous.

Explanation:

Rough coat R is dominant over the allele for smooth coat r

Heterozygous guinea pig Rr is crossed with homozygous recessive guinea pig rr

So from the Punette square

      r     r

R  Rr    Rr

r   rr    rr

There are chances of occurrence of 50 % each of heterozygous rough and dominant recessive smooth coats.

From the result obtained in actual, all the offspring have smooth coats because all of these offsprings have receive recessive allele from their parent and have become homozygous recessive.

Inheritance of smooth coats in all offspring from a heterozygous (Rr) and homozygous recessive (rr) guinea pig mating is due to each offspring inheriting the recessive 'r' allele from both parents, which is statistically improbable but possible.

In guinea pigs, the allele for a rough coat (R) is dominant over the allele for a smooth coat (r). When a heterozygous guinea pig (Rr) reproduces with a homozygous recessive guinea pig (rr), their offspring can inherit one allele from each parent. The offspring could either be heterozygous (Rr) with a rough coat or homozygous recessive (rr) with a smooth coat. If all 10 offspring have smooth coats, it is likely because each offspring randomly received the recessive 'r' allele from the heterozygous parent and the recessive 'r' allele from the homozygous recessive parent, resulting in a genotype of rr, which expresses the smooth coat phenotype.

A heterozygous individual has a 50/50 chance of passing on the dominant or recessive allele. In this case, all offspring receiving the 'r' allele from the heterozygous parent would have smooth coats, as the 'rr' genotype expresses the recessive phenotype. However, it is statistically improbable for all offspring to inherit the same allele unless other factors are influencing inheritance or a very small sample size creates a misleading result.

Answer:

Every cell present in an organism has the ability to develop into a specialized type of cell. Specialized cells perform specialized functions.

All  the cells of the body have the same DNA and the same number of chromosomes ( except sex cells). Yet, each cell is specialized to perform a different function because each cell has a different gene expression. The genes which are activated in one cell type might not be activated in the other cell type.

Answer:

Density of water

Explanation:

We observed that the density of water in the form of ice is lesser when compared to the density of water in the liquid form. This property of water cause ice to float on liquid water.

In the real life, fishes are alive even when water freezes, the molecules form more stable hydrogen bonds. This causes the molecules to not be as closer to one another as compared to water in the liquid form. As a result, the density of ice water becomes lesser. water is most dense at 4 degrees Celsius which causes ice to float on water.

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

D temperature

Explanation:

Explanation:

Photosynthesis

Aerobic respiration

Anaerobic respiration

Photosynthesis & Aerobic respiration

Photosynthesis & Anaerobic respiration

Aerobic respiration & Anaerobic respiration

All

Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that fixes inorganic carbon into a complex molecule which stores converted light energy within its bonds. Cellular respiration is a complex process that starts in the cytoplasm. Glucose is split there for energy production. In oxygen-rich environments, eukaryotes may carry out aerobic respiration, while anaerobic respiration occurs in oxygen-poor ones.

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The Venn diagram should be filled by categorizing appropriate terms under Photosynthesis, Aerobic Respiration, and Anaerobic Respiration. Some items are unique to each category, while others overlap due to their relevance to multiple categories.

The Venn Diagram mentioned in the question seems to be designed to classify some phrases and terms under three states: Photosynthesis, Aerobic Respiration, and Anaerobic Respiration. Some of these elements from the item bank are exclusive to one state, while others can be associated with more than one state. Photosynthesis, for instance, would have 'Light energy converted to usable chemical energy' and 'CO2 + H2O reactants' associated with it. In the case of Aerobic respiration, phrases such as 'Uses oxygen to produce ATP', 'Converts glucose to ATP', and 'Oxygen is a reactant' would be a fit. For Anaerobic respiration or Fermentation, 'Does not require oxygen' and 'Glucose produced by autotrophs' would apply. Items such as 'Energy involved' and 'Chemical reaction' could be placed in the overlapping area as they are common to all.

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Answer:

Gymnosperms

Explanation:

Conifers have cones which hold their seeds. They don't produce fruits or flowers.

a) If II2 is a carrier (heterozygous Hh), there is a 50% chance of having a hemophiliac child, as she could pass on the recessive allele (h) to her offspring.

b) The chance of having a hemophiliac boy is 50%, as II2 can pass on either the normal allele (H) or the recessive allele (h) to the child.

c) The probability of her first child being phenotypically normal is 50%, as she can pass on either the normal allele (H) or the recessive allele (h) to her child.

d) This indicates that she is either homozygous dominant (HH) or a carrier (Hh).

(a) To determine the probability of the first child being a hemophiliac when individual 1-1-2 (II2) marries a normal man, you need to know the genotype of II2.

If II2 is a carrier (heterozygous Hh), there is a 50% chance of having a hemophiliac child, as she could pass on the recessive allele (h) to her offspring.

(b) If the first child is a hemophiliac, it indicates that II2 is a carrier (Hh). If II2 has another child with a normal man, the chance of having a hemophiliac boy is 50%, as II2 can pass on either the normal allele (H) or the recessive allele (h) to the child.

(c) If II4 has children with a hemophiliac man, you need to know the genotype of II4.

If II4 is phenotypically normal, it means she must be a carrier (Hh).

The probability of her first child being phenotypically normal is 50%, as she can pass on either the normal allele (H) or the recessive allele (h) to her child.

(d) If the mother of 1-2 (II2) is phenotypically normal, it means she does not express the hemophilia trait.

This indicates that she is either homozygous dominant (HH) or a carrier (Hh).

Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

Answer:

C.

Explanation:

In mRNA, there isn't a Thymine nitrogen base. There is a "new" nitrogen base called Uracil, which takes its place. So in transcription, A=U and C=G.

In mRNA, there isn't a Thymine nitrogen base. There is a "new" nitrogen base called Uracil, which takes its place. So in transcription, A=U and C=G.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-stranded RNA molecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of a gene. The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves the cell nucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteins are made.

Thus, option "C" is correct.

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Answer:

Glycolysis  

Link reaction.  

Krebs cycle.  

Electron transport chain

A.P.E.X approved

The four main steps of cellular respiration are: 1. Glycolysis, 2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation, 3. Krebs Cycle, and 4. Electron Transport Chain.

The four main steps of cellular respiration take place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.

1. Glycolysis: This occurs in the cytoplasm and involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It produces a small amount of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation and also generates NADH, which carries high-energy electrons.

2. Pyruvate Decarboxylation: In the presence of oxygen, each pyruvate molecule is transported into the mitochondria and converted into acetyl CoA. This step releases carbon dioxide and generates NADH.

3. Krebs Cycle: Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle, a series of enzymatic reactions that occur in the mitochondrial matrix. During this cycle, carbon dioxide is released, and NADH, FADH2, and a small amount of ATP are generated.

4. Electron Transport Chain: The NADH and FADH2 produced in the previous steps donate their electrons to the electron transport chain, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As the electrons move through the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons across the membrane, creating a proton gradient.

These four steps of cellular respiration work together to efficiently extract energy from glucose molecules, allowing cells to meet their energy demands.

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Answer:

Primary productivity in an ecosystem is important because it lays the foundation of the food chains and food webs being observed in an ecosystem. It is the initial and main source through which energy is added into the food chains and food webs in an ecosystem. The organisms in which primary productivity occurs bring energy for the different organisms living in an ecosystem. Without them, energy will not be able to flow through an ecosystem as there will be no energy produced.

Answer AND Explanation:

Stimulation of the membrane causes it to become highly permeable to sodium ions, which diffuse rapidly to the inside due to the concentration gradient. The inside of the membrane becomes positively charged and the outside negatively charged. The membrane is then said to be depolarized. This constitutes the action potential. The reverse of the polarity of the membrane causes the beginning of repolarization.

Answer:

Species B is the predator of species A.

Explanation:

The graph illustrates a predator prey relationship.

A predator can be described as an organism that eats other organisms while the prey is the animal that is killed and eaten by the predator. Both the predators and the preys usually co-exist in the same ecosystem. The relationship between the predator and the prey affect the population of the organisms in all ecosystem; it determines the mortality of preys and the birth of new predators.

According to the image, the location of T is 350 meters high.

A topographical map is the main type of map used to represent elevation, often through the use of contour lines. In a Geographic Information System (GIS), digital elevation models (DEM) are commonly used to represent the surface (topography) of a place, through a raster (grid) dataset of elevations.

In a topographic map, the information must be precise, allowing to know, in addition to the exact location of

The altimetry quotas that represent its relief.

With this information, we can conclude that in the topographical map, the location T is 350 meters high.

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Answer:

Chromosomal mutations: produce changes in the number or structure of chromosomes (they include deletions, duplications, inversions, and translocations). Deletion: involves the loss of all or part of a chromosome.

Final answer:

Deletions describe the loss of a chromosome segment, often resulting in many genes missing, and represent a chromosomal mutation, while gene mutations refer to smaller-scale alterations affecting specific gene sequences within the DNA.

Explanation:

The difference between a gene mutation and a chromosomal mutation lies in the scale of the genetic alteration. A gene mutation, also known as a point mutation, involves a change in a single base pair or a few nucleotides within the DNA sequence, affecting a single gene. This is considered to be a micro-level alteration. On the other hand, a chromosomal mutation results in changes at the chromosome level, such as deletions where a large segment of a chromosome is lost, which may involve several to hundreds of genes, or duplications, where a section of the chromosome is repeated.

Chromosomal mutations can have significant consequences such as developmental delays, as illustrated by trisomy 21, which causes Down Syndrome. Other examples include inversions, where a segment of a chromosome breaks off, flips, and reattaches, and translocations, where segments between non-homologous chromosomes are exchanged. These large-scale alterations often impact multiple genes and can influence the overall structure and function of the chromosomes, leading to more profound effects on an organism compared to most gene mutations.

Gibberellic acid is a natural growth hormone present in plants which helps plants to control growth naturally. Spraying additional gibberellic acid helps to stimulate plant growth. So even if it is not sprayed externally, the natural acid present in the plants still controls the growth.

Explanation:

Gibberellic acid (gibberellin) is naturally found in growing apical regions like the shoots, new young leaves, flowers. In the shoots, it helps to increase the inter-node length and thereby increases elongation of a plant through apical growth. They control the growth by acting as chemical messengers.

Farmers usually spray gibberellic acid during seed germination to accelerate plant growth, budding processes, increase foliage and flowering.  Spraying farms with bioactive gibberellins have led to a huge increase in plant growth leading to the green revolution.

Answer: C

Explanation:

Uncontrolled cell division is how most cancer starts and continues. Once cells begin dividing uncontrollably the cancer begins to form and gets larger until it’s removed.

Answer:

I think its C. Viruses are not cellular and do not contain the lipid and protein markers targeted by antibiotics.

Explanation:

Viruses are not considering living and are different to bacteria; they have a different structure and a different way of surviving. Viruses don’t have cell walls that can be attacked by antibiotics. Antibiotics basically attack the cell wall of bacteria or attach to markers on cell wall of bacteria to trigger some deadly reactions in bacteria which causes them to die. Viruses don't have cell wall instead they are surrounded by a protective protein coat.

Unlike bacteria, which attack your body’s cells from the outside, viruses actually move into, live in and make copies of themselves in your body’s cells.  Viruses can't reproduce on their own, like bacteria do, instead they attach themselves to healthy cells and reprogram those cells to make new viruses.

Therefore, I strongly believe it's C.

Animals combine oxygen chemically with hydrogen atoms that they remove from their food—that is, from organic materials such as sugar, protein, and amino acids. Animals release water as a waste product from the oxygen respiration. Animals, like all heterotrophs, use organic materials as their sole source of carbon. - (www.britannica.com)

Answer:

The answer is A.

Explanation:

The clouds begin to form in the atmosphere when the sun causes evaporation of water on Earth.

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Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

Like every other organism the population size of the humans have increased over time.

Explanation:

With the improvements in science and technology, life becomes better and better for human beings. In the past, when there were no discoveries for curing diseases, the human population declined because of the spread of various diseases and famine conditions.

But as the developments in the scientific world are made, it has been easier to cure diseases and other problems. As a result, the population size of the human goes on increasing.

Human population has grown exponentially, particularly after the Industrial Revolution, due to advancements in healthcare, agriculture, and technology.

The human population size has undergone significant changes throughout history. In ancient times, the human population was relatively small, likely in the millions.

The advent of agriculture around 10,000 BCE marked a turning point, leading to a gradual increase in population due to improved food production and settled living.

The Industrial Revolution brought about significant advancements in technology, healthcare, and sanitation, leading to a rapid increase in population. This period saw the first major population boom.

In the 20th century, there was an unprecedented explosion in the global population, often referred to as the population explosion.

Advancements in medicine, hygiene, and nutrition significantly reduced mortality rates and increased life expectancy. Access to clean water and sanitation improved, contributing to better health outcomes.

The world population surpassed 7 billion around 2011 and continues to grow, albeit at a slower rate than in the mid-20th century. Various factors influence this growth, including advancements in healthcare, education, family planning, and economic development.

Demographic shifts, migration patterns, and social changes also play significant roles in shaping population dynamics.

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Answer:cytokinesis

Explanation:

Answer:

cytokinesis

Explanation: look at the cell cycle

Answer:

           [tex]\large\boxed{\large\boxed{\text{You would expect 50 seedings in each forest}}}[/tex]

Explanation:

1. Number of turkey oak seedlings in the burned forest (given): 10 seedlings

2. Number of turkey oak seedings in the unburned forest (given): 90 seedings

3. To find the total number of turkey seedings you must add the seedings found in the burned forest and the seedings found in the unburned forest:

4. If the seedlings were randomly distributed in the two forests, then the numbers of seedlings in each forest would be the same (given)

How many seedlings would you expect in each forest if they were randomly

distributed?

Since it is stated that the numbers of seeding in each forest would be the same, then you must divide the total number of seedings by 2:

Which means that you would expect 50 seedings in each forest if they were radomly distributed.

Answer: The combination of phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen bases in DNA or RNA is called a nucleotide.

Explanation: Nucleotides are building blocks of RNA and DNA. In RNA, nucleotide are made up of ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base which can be adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine; and a phosphate group. The nucleotides in RNA are called ribonucleotides. The nucleotides in DNA are called deoxyribonucleotides and they contain a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base which can be adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine.

Answer:

Reproductive cells have half the amount of chromosomes than body cells

Explanation:

I think that you are talking about body cells when you say "most cells in an organism." If that is the case, then the reproductive cells, sperm and egg cells, have half the amount of chromosome than body cells.

For example: Human body cells have 46 chromosomes. Human reproductive cells has 23 chromosomes.

In sexual reproduction, each parent gives 1/2 of a full set of chromosomes to create the full set needed for an organism.

The chromosome number in the vegetative cells of an organism is usually a double of the chromosome number in its reproductive cells.

Normal organisms contain a diploid (2n) number of chromosomes. Usually, the sex cells such as sperm and egg cells contain half of the number of chromosomes in other non-reproductive parts of organisms. sex cells such as sperm and egg cells participate in sexual reproduction. Hence, they are otherwise known as gametes.

During fertilization, the sperm cell with its haploid (n) chromosome number fuses with the egg cell, also with its haploid chromosome number to form a zygote (2n) with a complete chromosome set.

Without the sex cells containing half of the normal diploid chromosome, resulting zygotes from fertilization will not be having the normal chromosome number of organisms.

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