Which of the following is a physical of a substance

A.Reactivity
B.Hardness
C.Flammability
D.Toxicity

Nitrogen has an electronegativity of 3.0 whereas hydrogen is 2.1 based on the Pauling scale. Therefore nitrogen is very electronegative and more electronegative than hydrogen

Electronegativity difference of N and H is 0.9

Covalent

Answer:

= 13.857 kJ

Explanation:

The heat required to melt ice from its solid state to water or liquid states without change in temperature is given by the formula;

Heat = mLf ; where m is the mass of ice and Lf is the latent heat of fusion,

The mass of ice in moles = 41.5 g/18 g

                                         = 2.306 moles

Therefore;

Heat = 2.306 moles × 6.009 kJ/mol

        = 13.857 kJ

Answer:

Equilibrium constant expression is the ratio of product of concentration of products and product of concentration of reactants.

Here K= [CO2]/[O2]

Note: Solids won't contribute to equilibrium constant expression since their activity is always one.

Answer:

B.)

Explanation:

Answer:

The electrons that participate in chemical bonds are the valence electrons, which are the electrons found in an atom 's outermost shell.

Explanation:

Chemical bonding involves valence electrons, the electrons in an atom's outermost shell. There are two main types of bonds: ionic, which involves electron transfer, and covalent, which involves electron sharing.

In the context of chemical bonding, the electrons involved are the ones located in the outermost shell of an atom, called the valence electrons. An atom's chemical behavior and its propensity to form bonds are determined by its valence electrons. There are two main types of chemical bonds: ionic bonds and covalent bonds.

In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred from one atom (turning it into a positively charged ion, or cation) to another (turning it into a negatively charged ion, or anion). This results in an electrostatic attraction between the ions, forming an ionic bond.

Covalent bonding, on the other hand, involves the sharing of valence electrons between atoms. This can result in single, double, or triple bonds based on how many electron pairs are shared: two electrons for a single bond, four for a double bond, and six for a triple bond.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Scientific laws have been observed without exception in specific conditions.

Answer:

Scientific laws have been observed without exception in specific conditions.

Explanation:

study island :)

Answer:

Hydroxide ion (OH-)

Explanation:

Most bases give up hydroxide ions whereas acids give up hydronium ions (H3O+).

Answer:

radiation

Explanation:

Heat transfer is the process of propagating heat in different media. Three types of heat transfer are known: conduction, convection and radiation

The transfer by radiation is given at a distance. In fact, at any distance, as long as there is nothing that absorbs that energy along the way, and does not need a means to propagate.

Answer:

Coordinate

Explanation:

It comes in a set of values (x,y) in two dimensions or (x,y,z) in three dimensions. Coordinates are useful in many applications such as tracking planes in the air and also in the military in precision strikes. GPS also used coordinates to describe the location of a particular feature.

In physics, position refers to the location of an object, described relative to a frame of reference. Displacement is the change in position and includes both the straight line distance and the direction of motion. Understanding these concepts is key to studying the motion of objects.

Position

To describe the motion of an object, you must first be able to describe its position (x): where it is at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, or other reference frames in motion relative to Earth. The displacement of an object is the change in its position, which includes the straight line distance and the direction of its motion between initial and final positions.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

Atomic orbitals overlap to form molecular orbitals in which the valence electrons in the atoms travel

It's B - convection that is correct...

Answer:

B. convection

Explanation:

The sun heats the atmosphere and the surface of the Earth causing convection currents to develop in the atmosphere due to heated air that rise into the atmosphere.The ocean itself regulates temperatures at the lower parts of the atmosphere thus ensures the circulation of water in the ocean through currents and waves.At the equator, heated air loses its density, making it to rise, and when it reaches the troposphere it spreads towards the pole by convection.

Answer:

D. All of these

Explanation:

Reaction rate is a measure of speed of a chemical reaction.

The following factors control reaction rates:

1. Nature of the reactants

2. Concentration of the reactants or pressure if gaseous.

3. Temperature

4. Presence of catalyst

5. Sunlight

The reaction rate is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactants. For gaseous systems, the pressure is directly proportional to the concentration and so pressure can be used in place of concentration.

Temperature change has a considerable effect on reaction rates since temperature is directly proportional to the average kinetic energy of reacting particles. Generally, reaction rate varies as temperature directly. For every 10°C rise in temperature above room temperature, it has been found that reaction rates becomes double or triple.

When temperature of a reacting system increases:

I. The kinetic energy of each of the reacting particles inceases

II. The frequency of ordinary colliosions and effective collisions per unit time increases.

III. Many of the reacting particles would require energy greater than or equal to the activation energy of the reaction.

neutrons released during a fission reaction cause other nuclei to split. If this is an option

Answer:

A, Neutrons released during a fusion reaction cause other nuclei to fuse.

Explanation:

The neutron released in the nuclear reaction collides with other nuclei, and so on and so forth.

I would say diamond, because it consists only of carbon

Answer:

True

Explanation:

A tornado is a funnel cloud that has touched the ground.

When a funnel cloud reaches the ground it is called a tornado.

A funnel cloud is a rotating cone-shaped column of air extending downward from the base of a thunderstorm.

Answer:

Explanation:

increased levels of carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels

Fossil fuels release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. The burning of fossils shoots up carbon emission and leads to gloabl warming.

Carbondioxide is one of the greenhouse gases. Others are methane, water vapour.

Incoming radiation that reaches the surface can either be reflected or be absorbed on the earth surface. The part that is absorbed helps keep surface temperature in check. The reflected component of the radiation can get trapped when they come in contact with greenhouse gases like carbondioxie. The gas prevents the radiation from escaping the earth.

As the radiation lingers, it shoots up the earth temperature significantly.

The more the gases in the atmosphere the more the temperature rises.

Carbondioxide emission from various sources, chief of which is through burning of fossil fuels in industrial processes and automobiles have become a global problem.

When the earth warms, polar ice would recede and add more water to hydrosphere. This has been one of the leading cause of the increasing level of inundation the earth has been plagued with over the years.

A salt is an ionic compound produced from the combination of a cation from a base and an anion from an acid, often during a neutralization reaction.

A salt is an ionic compound formed when an acid and a base neutralize each other. This chemical reaction typically produces a salt and water as products. In the reaction, a positive ion or cation from the base combines with a negative ion or anion from the acid. An example of this process is the formation of sodium chloride (NaCl), where sodium ions (Na+) from sodium hydroxide (NaOH) react with chloride ions (Cl-) from hydrochloric acid (HCl), resulting in table salt, NaCl.

The general equation for a reaction between an acid and a base is: acid + base → water + salt
Salts can be formed from these reactions even if the solution is not neutral; they can be either acidic or basic, depending on the strengths of the original acid and base. It's noteworthy that the term neutralization reaction is often used to describe the process, as it typically involves the neutralization of the acid and base properties.

Answer:

In fact, some strong bases can burn the skin as badly as strong acids. Bases feel soapy or slippery because they react with acidic molecules in your skin called fatty acids. ... Like acids, bases change the colors of acid-base indicators, but the colors they produce are different. Bases turn litmus paper blue.

Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions in solution. Strong acids like Hydrochloric acid can cause a burning sensation when interacting with sensitive tissues while weak acids are generally safer to handle. Antacids are used to neutralize excess stomach acid and alleviate discomfort.

Acids are substances that release hydrogen ions (H*) in solution, having a high tendency to participate in chemical reactions. The feeling experienced when we come into contact with acids can highly depend on their strength and concentration. For instance, strong acids like Hydrochloric acid (HCl), found in stomach, aid digestion and kill ingested microbes but they can also cause a burning sensation when they leak into the esophagus, resulting in heartburn. As for weak acids like vinegar or acetic acid, they do not ionize completely and are generally safer to handle.

Antacids, which are bases like calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), are typically taken to neutralize excess stomach acid when experiencing heartburn, thus reducing the uncomfortable burning sensation.

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Answer:

The molecules of the gas has more kinetic energy and has a lot of space between them. The molecules in the liquid moves slower than gas and has a tighter space than gas. Another difference is liquid takes up the shape of its container while gas does not. Cause its air.

It seems like the answer would be supporting services.

The water cycle, photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, and soil formation are examples of supporting services in the ecosystem.

The water cycle, photosynthesis, nutrient cycling, and soil formation are examples of supporting services. These services are a part of ecological or ecosystem services, which are categorized into four types: regulating services, provisioning services, cultural services, and supporting services. The supporting services are those essential ecological processes that are necessary for the existence and maintenance of other ecosystem services.

In the examples you provided, the water cycle supports the transport and availability of water for life, photosynthesis supports the production of oxygen and food for organisms, nutrient cycling supports the recycling of essential nutrients, and soil formation supports the growth of plants and the retention of water and nutrients.

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Answer:

fluorine

Explanation:

fluorine is considered the most electronegative element

Final answer:

The correct answer is "flourine". The most electronegative element is fluorine due to its position at the top right of the periodic table and its electron configuration which is one electron short of a full octet.

Explanation:

The most electronegative element is fluorine. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons. In the periodic table, electronegativity increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group. Therefore, fluorine, which is positioned at the top right of the periodic table (aside from the noble gases), exhibits the highest electronegativity.

Fluorine's high electronegativity is attributed to its atomic electron configuration of 1s² 2s² 2p⁵, making it one electron short of a full octet. This drives its strong tendency to gain electrons from other elements, making it a very strong oxidizing agent. In comparison, hydrogen, while being more electronegative than many other elements, such as carbon, does not approach the electronegativity of fluorine.

Thus, the correct answer to the question is B. fluorine.

I am not sure about my answer, but I think that it's density allows it to fall to the ground/floor.

The property of air that allows it to flow down to the floor is related to convection and density. Warmer air is less dense and rises, while cooler air is more dense, descends and flows down to fill the space left by the rising warm air.

The property of air that allows it to flow down to the floor is related to the principles of convection and density. Specifically, warmer air is less dense than cool air. So, when air is heated, it becomes less dense and rises. Meanwhile, the cooler, denser air descends or flows down to replace the rising warm air. This constant switch involving the upward and downward movement of air as it heats and cools forms a convection current, leading to air's continual movement as it responds to changes in temperature.

For instance, in our homes, we often experience these changes in air movement. When we use a heater, it warms the air which then decreases in density and rises towards the ceiling. As that occurs, the cooler and denser air on the floor level is drawn upwards due to the displacement of the warmer air, causing a circulation - or convection current. The converse happens when we use an air conditioner or fan - cool air becomes denser and tends to flow down towards the floor level, pushing the warm air upwards.

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Answer: sodium oxide

Explanation:

Answer:

sodium oxide

Explanation:

Answer:

Earth

Explanation:

A Jovian Planet is a gas giant, the term is derived from Jupiter which describes the three other gas giants in the Solar System as Jupiter-like. So Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are the only considered Jovian Planets.

The term Jovian planets refers to the gas or ice giants in our Solar System, including Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Therefore, Earth, which is a terrestrial planet, is not a Jovian planet.

The term Jovian planets typically refers to the giant outer planets in our Solar System, which include Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. These planets are often called the gas giants or ice giants because of their large sizes and gas or ice-rich compositions. From the given options; Saturn, Neptune, and Uranus are part of the four Jovian planets. Therefore, Earth is not a Jovian planet. Instead, Earth is considered a terrestrial planet, which means it's primarily composed of rock and metal and has a solid surface.

Learn more about planets here:

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Answer:

6.53g of K₂SO₄

Explanation:

Formula of the compound is K₂SO₄

Given parameters:

Volume of K₂SO₄ = 250mL = 250 x 10⁻³L

= 0.25L

Concentration of K₂SO₄ = 0.15M or 0. 15mol/L

Unknown:

Mass of K₂SO₄ =?

Methods:

We use the mole concept to solve this kind of problem.

>>First, we find the number of moles using the expression below:

Number of moles= concentration x volume

Solving for number of moles:

Number of moles = 0.25 x 01.5

= 0.0375mole

>>Secondly, we use the number of moles to find the mass of K₂SO₄ needed. This can be obtained using the expression below:

Mass(g) = number of moles x molar mass

Solving:

To find the molar mass of K₂SO₄, we must know the atomic mass of each element in the compound. This can be obtained using the periodic table.

For:

K = 39g

S = 32g

O = 16g

Molar mass of K₂SO₄ = (39x2) + 32 + (16x4)

= 78 +32 + 64

= 174g/mol

Using the expression:

Mass(g) = number of moles x molar mass

Mass of K₂SO₄ = 0.0375 x 174 = 6.53g

Answer:

6.97 g

Explanation:

cK-12

16.9 Molarity

Answer:

The correct answer is option D, that is, water bonds with elements in the minerals that make up rock, forming new substances​.

Explanation:

A hydration reaction in chemistry refers to a chemical reaction in which a substance associates with water. In the process of weathering hydration takes place when a mineral captivates water to produce a novel substance. Hydration makes the rock to increase in volume that can impart tension on the rock and make it more susceptible to other kinds of weathering processes. The two prime illustrations of hydration comprise the formation of limonite from hematite and the formation of gypsum from anhydrite.

Answer:

D. water bonds with elements in the minerals that make up rock, forming new substances.

Hope this Helps!! :))

Answer:

To do a proper push up

Explanation:

You need to keep your back straight, keep your hands at shoulder-width apart and keep your legs close but not too close.

Here's how to get set up to do a push up: When down on the ground, set your hands at a distance that is slightly wider than shoulder-width apart. Another good cue: draw a straight line down from your chest/nipple – it should be directly over your thumbnail.

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{9.0 mL}}[/tex]

Explanation:

1. Write the balanced chemical equation.

AgNO₃ + HCl ⟶ AgCl + HNO₃

2. Calculate the moles of HCl

[tex]\text{Moles of HCl} =\text{30.0 mL HCl} \times \dfrac{\text{0.45 mmol HCl}}{\text{1 mL HCl}} = \text{13.5 mmol HCl}[/tex]

3. Calculate the moles of AgNO₃.

[tex]\text{Moles of AgNO}_{3} =\text{13.5 mmol HCl} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mmol AgNO}_{3}}{\text{1 mmol HCl}} = \text{13.5 mmol AgNO}_{3}[/tex]

4. Calculate the volume of AgNO₃

[tex]c = \text{13.5 mmol AgNO}_{3} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mL AgNO}_{3}}{\text{1.5 mmol AgNO}_{3}} = \text{9.0 mL AgNO}_{3}[/tex]

The titration will require [tex]\boxed{\textbf{9.0 mL}}[/tex] of AgNO₃.

Final answer:

To find the volume of 1.5 M AgNO3 required to react with 30.0 mL of a 0.45 M HCl solution, we can use the balanced equation. First, calculate the moles of HCl using volume × concentration. Then, calculate the volume of 1.5 M AgNO3 using the formula: moles ÷ concentration.

Explanation:

To find the volume of 1.5 M AgNO3 required to react with 30.0 mL of a 0.45 M HCl solution, we can use the balanced equation:

AgNO3 (aq) + HCl (aq) → AgCl (s) + HNO3 (aq)

First, we need to calculate the moles of HCl:

Moles of HCl = volume (L) × concentration (M)

Moles of HCl = 0.030 L × 0.45 M = 0.0135 mol

According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of HCl reacts with 1 mole of AgNO3. Therefore, we need 0.0135 mol of AgNO3.

Next, we can calculate the volume of 1.5 M AgNO3 using the formula:

Volume (L) = moles ÷ concentration (M)

Volume (L) = 0.0135 mol ÷ 1.5 M = 0.009 L = 9.0 mL

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{-862 kJ/mol}}[/tex]

Explanation:

One way to calculate the lattice energy is to use Hess's Law.

The lattice energy U is the energy released when the gaseous ions combine to form a solid ionic crystal:

Li⁺(g) + Cl⁻(g) ⟶ LiCl(s); U = ?

We must generate this reaction rom the equations given.

(1)  Li(s) + ½Cl₂ (g) ⟶ LiCl(s);      ΔHf°     = -409 kJ·mol⁻¹

(2) Li(s) ⟶ Li(g);                          ΔHsub =    161 kJ·mol⁻¹

(3) Cl₂(g) ⟶ 2Cl(g)                     BE        =   243 kJ·mol⁻¹

(4) Li(g) ⟶Li⁺(g) +e⁻                   IE₁         =   520 kJ·mol⁻¹

(5) Cl(g) + e⁻ ⟶ Cl⁻(g)                EA₁       =  -349 kJ·mol⁻¹

Now, we put these equations together to get the lattice energy.

                                                E/kJ  

(5) Li⁺(g) +e⁻ ⟶ Li(g)                520

(6) Li(g) ⟶ Li(s)                         -161

(7) Li(s) + ½Cl₂(g) ⟶ LiCl(s)     -409

(8) Cl(g) ⟶ ½Cl₂(g)                   -121.5

(9) Cl⁻(g) ⟶ Cl(g) + e⁻               +349

      Li⁺(g) +  Cl⁻(g) ⟶ LiCl(s)     -862

The lattice energy of LiCl is [tex]\boxed{\textbf{-862 kJ/mol}}[/tex].

Using the Born-Haber cycle and the provided thermodynamic data, the lattice energy of LiCl is calculated to be -1282 kJ/mol.

The lattice energy of a compound is the energy required to break apart the compound into its constituent ions. It can be calculated using Born-Haber cycle, Hess’s Law and the given thermodynamic data.

ΔH°f[LiCl(s)] = Bond energy [Cl-Cl] + IE1 (Li) - EA1 (Cl) + ΔH°sublimation [Li] + Lattice energy

So, solving for Lattice Energy gives: Lattice energy = ΔH°f[LiCl(s)] - Bond energy [Cl-Cl] - IE1 (Li) + EA1 (Cl) - ΔH°sublimation [Li].

Substituting in the provided values gives: Lattice energy = -409 kJ/mol - 243 kJ/mol - 520 kJ/mol + (-349 kJ/mol) - 161 kJ/mol = -1282 kJ/mol. Therefore, the Lattice Energy of LiCl is -1282 kJ/mol.

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Red color passes through the atmosphere and refracts toward the moon

What light color passes through the atmosphere and refracts toward the moon?

Red light color passes through the atmosphere and refracts toward the moon.

The straight red arrow passing from the surface through the atmosphere represents the fraction of the emitted infrared radiation that passes into space through the atmosphere without change. Red-colored light  is scattered very little. However it is refracted or bent inward towards the Moon. Red light that hits the Moon is reflected back toward Earth, therefore we see the Moon glowing red during totality.

Red is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light. It is next to orange and opposite violet. It has a dominant wavelength of approximately 625–740 nanometres. Red is a primary color in the RGB color model and the CMYK color model, and is the complementary color of cyan.

Hope it helps!

Grade:  9

Subject:  chemistry

Chapter:  color

Keywords:  the atmosphere, the moon, light color, refracts, Orange

Answer:

C. RED

Just took the test and got it right.

Explanation:

Answer:

104 c = 377.15 k

-3 c = 270.15 k