List the parts of the respiratory system, which air passes through
Answer:
The respiratory system starts at the nose and mouth and continues through the airways and the lungs. Air enters the respiratory system through the nose and mouth and passes down the throat (pharynx) and through the voice box, or larynx.
Explanation:
Answer:
The respiratory system starts at the nose and mouth and continues through the airways and the lungs. Air enters the respiratory system through the nose and mouth and passes down the throat (pharynx) and through the voice box, or larynx
A researcher incubates a cell with radiolabeled amino acids. These amino acids are incorporated into the proteins as they are synthesized by the cell. Select which piece of data would indicate the incorporation of radiolabeled amino acids during protein synthesis? A) Radioactivity levels would increase first at the nucleus, followed by the Golgi, and then the cell membrane. B) Radioactivity levels would increase first at the nucleus, followed by the ribosomes, and then the secretory vesicles. C) Radioactivity levels would increase first at the rough endoplasmic reticulum, followed by the Golgi, and then the secretory vesicles. D) Radioactivity levels would increase first at the rough endoplasmic reticulum, followed by the nucleus, and then the secretory vesicles.
Answer:
During an investigation, the addition of radiolabeled amino acids during protein synthesis occurs when the data shows high levels of radiation in protein synthesis, packaging and transport, which is equivalent to saying that radioactivity levels would first increase in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, followed by the Golgi and then the secretory vesicles (option C).
Explanation:
Protein synthesis in the cell is a process that involves the formation of polypeptide chains with the successive incorporation of amino acids.
RNA, which contains the sequence of triplets or codons that form the genetic code, is coupled to the ribosomes. Each codon or triplet consists of three nucleotides and encodes specific amino acids.
The RNA chain contains a specific nucleotide sequence and determines the assembly of amino acids to a polypeptide chain, by the action of ribosomes present in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
In the Golgi apparatus, the proteins formed are conjugated, with the addition of carbohydrates or lipids, and arranged in secretory vesicles for transport.
In these steps, where the labeled amino acids are present, the levels of radioactivity would increase in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and the secretory vesicles.
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Answer:
c is the answer
Explanation:
Which waste management process involves the burning of solid waste?
(Solid waste incineration, Composting, Recovering) is a waste management process that involves the burning of solid waste. Incineration converts solid waste to ash and (coal, dust, gas)
Solid waste Incineration management process involves the burning of solid waste
Explanation:
Incineration is the process of burning of solid wastes. It is one of the processes of solid waste management. In this process, combustion of organic and inorganic wastes takes place that leads to the formation of ash, heat and flue gases. Ash is composed of inorganic constituents.
The heat generated during this process can be used to generate electricity. The process is carried out by Incinerators. Incinerators does not completely replace landfilling but it reduces the volume of disposal of the wastes.
The waste management process involving burning of solid waste is solid waste incineration. It reduces the mass of the waste and turns it into ash, heat, and gas. The ash needs further management, while the heat can be used for energy and the gas is treated before being released.
Explanation:The waste management process that involves the burning of solid waste is called solid waste incineration. This process reduces the mass of the waste and converts it into ash, heat, and gas. The generated heat can be harnessed for energy, whereas the resulting ash, which contains non-combustible materials, needs further management. The produced gas is usually treated to eradicate harmful substances before being released into the atmosphere.
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An electrocardiogram is a test that doctors use to assess cardiovascular health. The image below shows data given by an electrocardiogram.
What type of data is recorded by the electrocardiogram?
A.
the electrical activity of the heart
B.
the amount of oxygen in the blood
C.
the sound of the heart beating
D.
the force from the heart beating
Answer:
the electrical activity of the heart
Explanation:
A scientist isolated the Hepatitis B surface protein gene and introduced it into the DNA of a banana plant. The scientist tested the bananas and found that they now contained the Hepatitis surface protein. What conclusion is supported by the results of the experiment?
A. The gene for surface protein was transcribed and translated.
B. The gene for surface protein mutated inside the banana plant’s cells.
C. The gene for surface protein altered the function of other banana genes.
D. The gene for surface protein protected banana plants from bacterial infections.
Answer:
A. The gene for surface protein was transcribed and translated.
Explanation:
Because all living organisms use the same genetic code, it is possible to express genes from one organism in the other. In this case, the DNA sequence that corresponds to the hepatitis B surface protein gene has been inserted into the banana, and the protein is expressed.
For the protein to be expressed, the gene must have been successfully transcribed into an mRNA by the banana plant machinery. This mRNA has then been translated into a protein that means the hepatitis B surface protein is now present in the cell.
Which is an example of incomplete dominance?
O
O
A. A white cat and a black cat having white kittens.
B. Two white cats having black kittens.
C. A grey cat and a black cat having black kittens.
O
O
D. A white cat and a black cat having grey kittens.
Answer:
The example of incomplete dominance is "A white cat and a black cat having grey kittens."
Explanation:
Incomplete dominance happens once two alleles are not foremost nor receding near each other. The alleles are together stated and the phenotype, or physical characteristic, is a combination of the two alleles. In fewer methodological terms, this means that the two likely behaviors are mixed combinedly. A Punnett square for a cross among two heterozygous snapdragons will forecast the genotypes RR, Rr, and rr in a 1:2:1 ratio, and since these alleles display incomplete dominance, the phenotypes will be red, pink and white in a 1:2:1 ratio.
Answer: D. A white cat and a black cat having grey kittens.
Explanation:
i got it right on the quiz
Which is a physical property?
1.boiling point
2.chemical stability
3.burning point
4.reactivity
Answer:
Which is a physical property?
Physical property include reactivity
Explanation:
Reactivity entails the reaction when compounds mix with each other, such reaction might be noticed by change in color, loss of water, among others
Ricky notices a similarity between a fried egg and the diagram of a cell. Which cell organelles is Ricky likely to associate with the parts of the egg?
centriole
cytoplasm
nucleus
chloroplast
plasma membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
Answer:
Egg yolk is nucleus
The egg white is cytoplasm
The outside of the egg is plasma membrane
I will edit if I get it right after I finish my test
Ricky correlate egg yolk with nucleus and egg white is cytoplasm, outer covering with plasma membrane.
What are the components of plasma membrane of animal cell ?The plasma membrane is a thin selectively semi-permeable membrane an outer covering of a cell by surrounding cytoplasm.
The two major components are proteins and lipids where as the ratio of protein to lipid in plasma membrane may vary depending on types of cells.
The most common lipids are phospholipid, others are sphingolipid, glycolipid in semi-permeable lipid bilayer.
Some organelles nucleus and mitochondria also have bilayer plasma membrane.
The function of cell membrane is to protect the integrity of the internal environment of the cell, act as a base of attachment for the cytoskeleton in some organisms resulted in support cell and maintain its shape.
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Which biomes cross boundaries between different climate zones?
The Grassland and Forest biome crosses boundaries between different climate zones.
What are biomes?
Biomes are areas with various climates and vegetation.
There are major five types of biomes present
aquatic. GrasslandforestdeserttundraThe type of climate and the plant and animal species found there makes up a biome.
Thus, the Grassland and Forest biome crosses boundaries between different climate zones.
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Final answer:
Biomes such as tropical forests, deserts, and temperate forests cross different climate zones due to their characteristic climates and are found in multiple continents. Transitional areas called ecotones exist between biomes, and climate significantly influences biodiversity, generally increasing towards the equator.
Explanation:
Biomes Crossing Climate ZonesBiomes are large geographical areas characterized by specific plant and animal communities that are adapted to the region's climate and environmental conditions. Biomes such as tropical forests, deserts, and savannas are found in different continents but are connected by common climatic features. For instance, tropical forests are prevalent in South America, Africa, Southeast Asia, and Australia, all areas close to the equator with high humidity and temperature. Deserts typically occur at the 30 degrees north and south latitude and are prominent in the Middle East, southwestern United States, and other regions with arid conditions. Temperate forests and grasslands are found in North America, Europe, and Asia, with moderate climates and varying precipitation.
One important aspect to understand about biomes is the presence of ecotones, which are transitional zones between two distinct biomes. Ecotones include a mix of plant and animal species from each adjacent biome and can be found between various biome types like desert and mountains or chaparral and polar ice. Within the North American context, the diverse climate and weather systems influence the distribution and characteristics of different biomes, with variations observed from west to east and from north to south.
During which process is mRNA converted into a sequence of amino acids for protein production?
transcription
translation
translocation
mRNA synthesis
Answer: Translation
Explanation: Translation is a process in which an mRNA strand is copied into an amino acid sequence for protein synthesis. The first step in protein synthesis is the copying of a DNA molecule into a complimentary mRNA molecule in a process known as transcription. The mRNA is then converted to an amino acid sequence in the ribosome in a process known as translation.
Answer:
translation
Explanation:
(b)
Complete each statement by writing the correct word or words.
2. The process of using DNA to produce complementary RNA molecules is called___.
3. The sequence of ____ in mRNA complements the sequence in the DNA template.
4. In eukaryotes, RNA is found in the ____ and then travels to the____.
5. The enzyme____ binds to DNA during transcription.
6. no answer needed for this one
7.___ are portions of DNA that are cut out and discarded.
8.___ are spliced together to make the final mRNA.
What’s a Axial portion?
The Axial portion refers to the central part of the body, encompassing the head, neck, and trunk. It houses vital organs like the brain, heart, and lungs. It's pivotal in studying human anatomy, particularly in biology or health sciences.
Explanation:The Axial portion is a term used in anatomy and refers to the central part of the body, including the head, neck and trunk. It's essentially the main part of the body that houses critical organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs, among other components. It's often contrasted with the appendicular portion, which includes the appendages (limbs).
Understanding the axial portion of the body can be crucial for studying the human body, especially in terms of biology or health sciences. It allows you to easily locate specific organs and structures within the body, enhancing your understanding of bodily functions and processes.
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idk if y’all can see tha but help me please
Answer:
Ligand gated channel: Opens when it receives Nocireceptors: Pain receptorsAfferent signal: Signal going to the spineEfferent signal: Signal sent away from the spineAction potential: Electric current generated to carry a signal in your cells.Synapse: Where one nerve has to pass the signal across a gap to another nerveThalamus: Part of brain that splits pain signals to different parts of the brain.Somatosensory cortex: Part of brain that identifies a pain signal and determines where it hurts.Limbic system: Registers emotional component of pain.Frontal cortex: Thinks and makes decision about a pain.Explanation:
The sensation of pain involves sensory neurons that contain nocireceptors. These are receptors specialized to sense pain.Nocireceptors receive a pain stimulus and generate an action potential through ligand gated channels such as the Na+/K+ pump which are ion channels responsible for generating a nerve impulse.The neuron is the cell of the nervous system that conducts nerve impulses towards and away from the brain. Two neurons are connected through synapses. A synapse, also called a neuronal junction, is the gap between two neurons that allows the exchange of electrical and chemical signals between them. This synapse can exist between two neurons or a neuron and a muscle in which case it is called a neuromuscular junction.Crossing the synapse and following the afferent pathway (signaling towards the central nervous system), the nerve impulse reaches the thalamus in the brain. The thalamus is a sensory gate in the brain that distinguishes between different pain signals and relays them to the appropriate part of the brain.The thalamus then sends the signal to the somatosensory cortex that determines which part of the body is affected.The somatosensory cortex then forwards the signal to the frontal cortex that decides the course of action.The efferent nerve impulse i.e. signaling away from the CNS then carries the signal to motor neurons that respond to the pain stimulus.If a disorder limits the number of calcium ions that combine to actin, what would happen to the sarcomere? A) The myosin and actin would not separate, and the sarcomere would be unable to contract. B) The myosin and actin would not separate, and the sarcomere would remain contracted. C) The myosin and actin will not connect, and the sarcomere would remain contracted. D) The myosin and actin would not connect, and the sarcomere would be unable to contract.
Option D: The myosin and actin would not connect, and the sarcomere would be unable to contract.
Explanation:
Muscle contraction takes place by sliding interaction and cross-bridge formation of the muscle filaments – actin and myosin present in the muscle fibers or sarcomeres. This interaction is called a sliding filament theory.
Calcium is one of the main co-factors which regulate muscle contraction and relaxation. The two proteins which regulate muscle contraction – troponin, tropomyosin- require calcium to function.
Calcium acts along with troponin to facilitate binding of actin and myosin. When there is a lack of calcium, the binding of myosin and actin does not happen and the sarcomere cannot contract.
Which is not a source of carbon dioxide gas?
A humans
B machines
C plants
D factories
a scientist is creating different waves in laboratory . if she doubled the frequency of a wave while keeping the wave speed constant , what happens to the wavelength of the wave?
a. it doubles
b. it is halved
c. there is no change
d. it quadruples
Answer:
B. Halved.
Explanation:
Frequency and wavelength have an inverse relationship in such a way that When a wavelength is increased, frequency and the energy in this scenario tends to decrease and the converse is true.
e Process of Cell Division
Genetic information is bundled into packages of Choose...
knd
Choose...
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Answer:
Genetic information is bundled into packages of DNA known as chromosomes.
Explanation:
Chromosomes can be described as thread-like structures made up of genes. A genes can be described as a hereditary molecule which is made up of a segment of DNA. Hence, a chromosome contains genetic information packaged into bundles of DNA.
The number of chromosomes vary for each organism. For example, the number of chromosomes in each somatic cell of the human body is 46. These chromosomes occur in the form of homologous pars.
what is the difference between bees and the snails
Answer:Bees Fly And snails Dont
Explanation: Logic
which event occurs in telophase
Answer:
1st. the chromosomes arrive at the cell poles
2nd. the mitotic spindle disassembles
3rd. the vesicles that contain fragments of the original nuclear membrane assemble around the two sets of chromosomes
Explanation:
hope this helps have a great day and please give me brainilist
During telophase, separated chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, decondense, and are encased in newly formed nuclear envelopes. Meanwhile, cytokinesis divides the cell's cytoplasm, resulting in the creation of two daughter cells.
During telophase, several critical events ensure the proper conclusion of cell division, whether it be mitosis or meiosis. One key event is the arrival of separated chromosomes at opposite poles of the cell. This repositioning is crucial for the equitable distribution of genetic material to daughter cells. As chromosomes reach these poles, they undergo decondensation, transitioning from tightly coiled chromosomes into a more relaxed chromatin state, making genetic material accessible for gene expression.
Simultaneously, the reconstruction of the nuclear envelope around these dispersed chromatids marks the re-establishment of distinct nuclear territories within the emerging daughter cells. This event is vital for the segregation and protection of the genetic material in preparation for the cell's return to the interphase state, where it resumes normal cellular functions.
In addition to these nuclear events, cytokinesis often commences during or shortly after telophase, culminating in the physical division of the cell's cytoplasm into two separate daughter cells. This process varies between organisms and cell types, with animal cells forming a cleavage furrow through the constriction of an actin ring, and plant cells forming a cell plate that will eventually develop into separate cell walls.
Which of the following is an example of the skeletal system interacting directly with the
respiratory system?
A The ribcage expands to allow air to enter the lungs.
B The muscles attached to bones contract to lift your leg.
C The marrow inside bones produces white blood cells.
D The vertebrae protect the spinal cord from injury,
A.
The ribcage expands to allow air to enter the lungs is an example of the skeletal system interacting directly with the respiratory system.
Explanation:
The skeletal system is mainly made up of bones - like the ribcage in this case - while the respiratory system is made up of the lungs, trachea, diaphragm, etc.
When inhaling, the diaphragm contracts, therefore increasing the volume of the chest cavity. The muscles between the ribs also contract causing the ribcage to stretch upwards and outwards. This also contributes to an increase in the volume of chest cavity. Consequently, the pressure in the chest, decreases causing atmospheric pressure to rush air into the lungs.
When these muscles contract, they raise the pressure in the chest cavity causing air to rush out of the lungs.
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The first one will be the brainest
cell analogy project
compares the cell structures to a place
what are some examples these: Nucleus, Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nuclear membrane, Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and ribosomes
Explanation:
Nucleus: ParentsAs we see that parents control everything in the house. Similarly,the nucleus controls everything in the cell.
Cell membrane: DoorA door is analogous to the cell membrane because it allows people come and go. Similarly,the cell membrane in a cell can allow certain things to enter and exit.
Cytoplasm: AirThe cytoplasm fills the space in a cell. It is similar to air which is filled everywhere in the house.
Nuclear membrane: Security guardThe nucleus in a cell is protected by nuclear membrane. The nuclear membrane is analogous to secuity guard. As people in a house are protected by security guard, similarly nucleus is protected by nuclear membrane.
Endoplasmic reticulum: Hall waysEndoplasmic reticulum transport things to other places in the cell. It is similar to hallways which help us to reach different places in the house.
Golgi bodies: CarThe golgi bodies modify,sort and package proteins.
It send them to other parts of the cell when needed.
It is similar to a Car which transports people and can store stuffs.
Mitochondria: StoveThe mitochondria in a house is analogous to Stove as it breaks down nutrients and turns them into energy. Similarly, the Stove in our house, cooks foods and it is converted into energy when consumed.
Ribosomes: KitchenThe ribosomes are a cell structure that make protein. It is same as a kitchen in our house where people make food or proteins.
Cell components can be analogously compared to a city's parts. The nucleus is like city hall, cytoplasm is the city landscape, cell and nuclear membranes are city borders and security respectively. Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, mitochondria, and ribosomes can be likened to a city's transportation system, post office, power plant, and factories, respectively.
Explanation:The cell structures can be compared to various facilities or parts of a city. The nucleus can be compared to the city hall because it controls all the cell's functions, much like city hall manages a city's operations. This nucleus is protected by the nuclear membrane, similar to how the city hall is surrounded by security. The cell membrane could be likened to city borders, as it controls what comes in and goes out of the cell, just like city borders regulate people and goods entering or leaving. The cytoplasm, where other organelles reside, can be thought of as the city landscape. The Endoplasmic reticulum can be seen as a transportation system, moving proteins throughout the cell as roads and transit move people and goods around the city. The Golgi bodies, responsible for packaging proteins, would be like a city's post office or packaging center. The mitochondria, which provide energy for the cell, could be compared to a power plant. Lastly, the ribosomes that synthesize proteins can be seen as factories.
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The scientists modified the genes that were turned on/off (expressed) in mice. What happened to the offspring of these mice?
The resulting mice will be induced with the changed gene either on or off. The offspring will have altered genes if both the alleles have the trait. This is a heritable change.
Explanation:
Making gene on or off is a process of gene regulation when one of the gene is methylated or histone modification to prevent access to transcription factors hence no expression of the protein. This process is called epigenetics.
The resulting progeny in mice will receive the allele of on or off the gene. Such genes with altered allele are also called as
The altered genes will be expressed in the resulting progeny of mice.
The epigenetic genes can be reverted with environmental effects in the offspring paramutable alleles. They are heritable.
Modifying genes in mice affects gene expression leading to potential changes in traits and behaviors in offspring.
When scientists modify the genes that are turned on or off (expressed) in mice, the offspring of these mice may exhibit changes in various traits or behaviors. This is due to the alteration of gene expression which can lead to different messenger RNAs being produced. The use of microarrays has allowed for the examination of these gene expressions in different conditions, such as the Tc1 mouse cells expressing human genes on chromosome #21.
Particularly, in knockout studies, researchers deactivate specific genes to observe changes in phenotype, such as behavior, health, and development. If the modified gene affects a trait that is heritable, then the offspring could also show these modified characteristics. Different studies, such as observing mice raised on a restricted diet, have shown that environmental factors can also influence gene expression and aging.
Assess how the determination that earth is 4.6 billion years provided support for the idea that all species evolved from a common ancestor.
Answer:
Earth is 4.6 billion years old that provide support in a fact that the idea of all living being evolved from a common ancestor.The First Universal Common Ancestor or (FUCA) was born in the RNA world.
Explanation:
It has the ability to catalyze the bonding of amino acid into oligopeptide.
As the time changes, it gains the ability in translation system for doing error-prone genetic code.Thus FUCA is called as great grand mother.
After that,Last Universal Common Ancestor came which gives rise the ancestor of cellular organism and establish 3 domain that are Bacteria, Archea and Eukaryota. LUCA establish that contain genes with complex metabolism ability.
After 397 million years ago The first four legged animal came that are evolved from the intermediate species such as Tiktaalik.
Gradually time passed away and the tetrapods conquer the land that gives the birth of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
Final answer:
The determination that Earth is 4.6 billion years old provides the necessary time frame for evolutionary processes to occur, allowing for the diversity of species seen today to emerge from a common ancestor. This aligns with evidence from multiple scientific disciplines and supports the theory of evolution.
Explanation:
The determination that Earth is 4.6 billion years old was a pivotal moment for the theory of evolution. It provided the necessary temporal framework for the process of evolution to occur over billions of years. Prior to this revelation, the dominant belief was that Earth was only about 6,000 years old, which did not allow enough time for complex life forms to evolve from simpler organisms.
The Significance of Earth's Age to Evolution
Knowing that the Earth is billions of years old, as supported by methods including radioisotope dating, means that there was sufficient time for natural processes such as natural selection to lead to the vast diversity of life. This temporal understanding allowed scientists to trace back different species to earlier, simpler forms, affirming that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor. The vast expanse of geological time makes it conceivable that gradual evolutionary changes led to the complex organisms we observe today.
Evidence Corroborating Evolution and Earth's Timescale
Data from various disciplines such as fossils, genetics, cell biology, and molecular biology, reinforces the idea of evolution. The timeline that begins with simple cells around 3.8 billion years ago and progresses to the diverse life forms of the present is supported by this evidence. The history of life on Earth can be understood through the lens of evolution, providing insights into both the diversity and unity of life as we know it.
HELP THIS IS DUE IN AN HOUR!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
1. Amber is made from tree resin.
2. All of the above
3. When a insect gets stuck in tree resin, the insect eventually becomes covered with the sticky resin. After millions of years, the resin hardens and becomes ember.
20. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common on the western eage o
Which theory does this pattern of geological phenomena support?
are common on the western edge of the Pacific Ocean.
A. weathering
B. the rock cycle
C. plate tectonics
D. biological evolution
The Theory which supports the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes are Plate tectonics.
Explanation:
The word Plate tectonics is derived from the Greek and Latin word.Plate tectonics deals with the theory with the productive and functional aspects of the lithosphere.The Lithosphere is the outer part of the Earth which consists of mantle and crush that transforms the Earth sciences by providing a standard content for understanding mountain-building processes, volcanoes, and earthquakes and the evolution of Earth’s surface.Answer:
C
Explanation:
i already took it mate
Which statement describes an element?
Answer: An element is a pure substance that can not be broken into smaller particles.
Explanation: An element may comprises of two or more atoms that are chemically embedded or combined together. Elements are building blocks of matter, they are mostly abundant in the universe e.g Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon.
Answer:an element is a pure substance, an element is made of only one type of atom, and an element cannot be broken down into a simpler form.
Explanation:
The distance north or south of the equator , as measured in degrees is called?
Answer:
longitude
Explanation:
The distance north or south of the equator, as measured in degrees is called latitude. The correct option is D.
What is latitude?Latitude is the term used to describe the distance north and south of the equator, expressed in degrees.
Latitude is used to calculate how far north or south of the Equator you are. It is calculated using 180 fictitious lines that are drawn in circles east-west along the equator.
Parallels are the names for these lines. An imaginary ring connecting all places that share a parallel is known as a circle of latitude.
The line at latitude 0 is known as the Equator. With 90 degrees north of the Equator and 90 degrees south of the Equator, each parallel is one degree north or south of the Equator.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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Your question seems incomplete, the missing options are:
the prime meridian
the arctic circle
longitude
latitude
Please help, giving brainliest to best answer.
An old library is made of brick. It has ivy growing up all of its walls. What type of response is the ivy showing?
A. thigmotropism
B. gravitropism
The ivy growing on the old library's brick walls is demonstrating thigmotropism, which is the plant's directional growth response to touch. This behavior is characterized by the plant's growth being altered as it clings to the surface of the walls.
The ivy growing up the walls of the old library displays a growth response known as thigmotropism. This is a type of plant behavior where growth or motion is directed in response to touch. In the case of the ivy, when it encounters the brick surface of the library, the cells of the ivy on the side facing the wall grow at a slower rate than the cells on the opposite side. This differential growth allows the plant to curl around and cling to the surface, hence exhibiting thigmotropism. Option A
Thigmotropism should not be confused with gravitropism, which is the growth response of plants to gravity. Shoots typically display negative gravitropism by growing upwards, away from the force of gravity, while roots exhibit positive gravitropism by growing downwards, towards the gravity.
The ivy's response is distinct from thigmomorphogenesis, which refers to a more gradual developmental change in the plant's shape in reaction to continuous mechanical stress, such as a tree strengthening against wind. Instead, thigmotropism involves immediate directional growth due to the direct and constant contact with the library's brick walls.
Students used gummy bears to represent cells in the gummy bear osmosis lab. After obtaining an initial mass for each gummy bear, the gummies were soaked for 24 hours in different solutions and then dried and massed. The solutions included: distilled water, tap water, 20% sugar solution, and 40% salt solution. After 24 hours, the percent change of each gummy bear was calculated and is shown below:
Distilled Water: +320%
Tap Water: +200%
40% Salt Solution: -60%
20% Sugar Solution: +85%
Based on the data, which gummy bear was in the salt solution and what was the tonicity of that solution?
A) A; hypotonic
B) D; hypotonic
C) B; hypertonic
D) C; hypertonic
Answer:
they got bigger because they socked up water
Explanation:
Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a short pea plant. All the offspring in the first generation were tall pea plants.
How did Mendel explain why all the offspring were tall pea plants?
a. The offspring may have tall or short plants. Mendel did not do enough trials.
b. Two factors affect the height trait of pea plants. One of the factors is dominant over the other.
c. The genes for determining short plants were not transferred to the offspring.
Answer: b). Two factors affect the height trait of pea plants. One of the factors is dominant over the other.
Explanation: All the offsprings are tall because each of them inherited one gene for tallness and one gene for shortness. The gene for tallness is dominant over the gene for shortness, and so the gene for tallness is able to express itself in the presence of the recessive gene for shortness.
See the attached punnet square for more information.
Final answer:
Mendel explained that the tall trait in pea plants is dominant over the short trait, so the tall trait appeared in all first-generation offspring when crossing a tall pea plant with a short one. This outcome demonstrated that each plant carries two hereditary factors for each trait, and the dominant factor determines the offspring's appearance.
Explanation:
Mendel crossed a tall pea plant with a short pea plant, and all the offspring in the first generation were tall pea plants. Mendel explained that two factors affect the height trait of pea plants, and that one of the factors is dominant over the other. Therefore, even though each plant in the F1 generation carried both tall and short factors, the tall factor was dominant, and thus all the F1 generation plants exhibited the tall height. This disproved the blending inheritance hypothesis of the time and laid the groundwork for our understanding of genetics with Mendel's Laws of Inheritance, specifically the law of segregation. Therefore, option b. Two factors affect the height trait of pea plants. One of the factors is dominant over the other is the correct answer.