Answer:
B cells and T cells, respectively.
Explanation:
Humoral and cell-mediated immunity are parts of adaptive immunity, which is acquired by an individual in his lifetime due to exposure of pathogens. Cells involved in humoral immunity are B lymphocytes or B cells. These cells form antibodies to fight against infections.
Cells involved in cell-mediated immunity are T lymphocytes or T cells. These cells release various cytokines that activate other immune cells or kill pathogens directly.
Thus, the correct answers are B cells and T cells, respectively.
Answer:
A and C
Explanation:
5. The scientific term for chewing food is
a. micturition
b. mightymorphin
c. mastication
d. melatonin
Answer:
c. mastication
Explanation:
The scientific term for chewing food is mastication.
Mastication is the mechanical grinding of food into tiny pieces by the teeth. Mastication is essentially the scientific term for “chewing”
The scientific term for chewing food is mastication.
Option C
Explanation:
The food splits into smaller pieces during mastication. As the food is broken down its surface area increases as the size decreases due to which many other enzymes can also act on the masticated food.
Mixing of enzymes occur both during mastication and after mastication. The food is passed down through oesophagus into the stomach where other enzymes and acids are mixed to breakdown the food into further smaller molecules.
All organisms need energy to live ATP is the fuel that powers all the activities of cells. Which statement best describes how ferns, people, and flatworms obtain energy?
Ferns and flatworms absorb food from their surroundings, while people must digest food found in their surroundings.
Ferns produce glucose that can be broken down by cellular respiration, while flatworms and people digest foods containing glucose for use in cellular respiration.
Producers such as ferns do not require a source of energy, while flatworms and humans must consume food for energy.
Ferns produce ATP during photosynthesis, while flatworms and people produce ATP during digestion.
Answer:
Ferns produce glucose that can be broken down by cellular respiration, while flatworms and people digest foods containing glucose for use in cellular respiration.
Explanation:
Ferns, humans & flatworms all require cellular respiration to live. This energy-productive process occurs in the cell cytoplasm and mitochondria. However, for cellular respiration to occur, it has to work on an energy-rich substrate. In cells, this substrate is usually glucose. Ferns are autotrophs hence can make glucose by photosynthesis because they have chlorophyll molecules. However, flatworm and humans are heterotrophs meaning they have to consume other organic compounds to get this glucose.
Answer:
i believe that the answer to your question would be (Ferns produce glucose that can be broken down by cellular respiration, while flatworms and people digest foods containing glucose for use in cellular respiration.)
Let me know if i got it right :)
The original population of 200 was hit by a flash flood and 100 organisms were wiped out, leaving 16 homozygous recessive out of the 100 survivors. If all individuals were equally likely to be wiped out, what was the effect of the flash flood on the population distribution/equilibrium
Answer:
Genetic drift
Explanation:
Genetic drift is a change in genetic allele frequencies of a population. Bottleneck effect, caused by disasters such as in this case, causes genetic drift in a very rapid way hence reducing variability in a population. Reduced genetic variability in a small population is especially threatening because the chances of population surviving environmental changes get slimmer. This is because natural selection acts of genetic variability to get a population to adapt to changes in the environment.
The flash flood caused a bottleneck effect on the population, reducing its size and altering allele frequencies due to genetic drift, which may result in a different genetic equilibrium with potentially less genetic diversity.
The flash flood that reduced a population from 200 to 100 organisms would have a significant effect on the population's genetic distribution and equilibrium, particularly if it left 16 homozygous recessive individuals. This scenario illustrates the consequences of a bottleneck effect, where a large reduction in population size and subsequent genetic drift can drastically alter allele frequencies. Natural disasters, like flash floods, typically reduce population sizes without regard to allele frequencies, but their aftermath can result in some alleles being lost entirely while others may become more prevalent. Given that the survivors represent a random sample of the original population, the new genetic makeup will be subject to genetic drift, which can further reduce genetic diversity especially in small and isolated populations.
Since the homozygous recessive individuals (16 out of 100) survived, they will contribute disproportionately to the gene pool of subsequent generations compared to their initial frequency before the flood. The impact of the flash flood on the population distribution/equilibrium can be understood as an increase in the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype, which may be different from the pre-flood equilibrium. The extent of this effect would depend on the genetic structure of the original population and the specific alleles carried by the surviving organisms.
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in each human body cell?
Answer:
23 pairs
Explanation:
There are 23 pairs of chromosomes in each human body cell.
Which of the following is a human construct used to help break down the complexity if an ecosystem?
A.trophic levels
B.ecological pyramids
C.the 10% rule
D.the food chain
Answer:
The answer would be (B)
Explanation:
Ecological pyraminds were made to give an easy showcase of how earths ecosystem works.
trophoc levels are a part of the food chain, and the 10% rule is the amount of biomass that is carried up the food chain, all of which are involved inside ecological pyramids.
hope this helps!
If a certain organism is a secondary consumer, what best explains its position in the food web?
X, because organism X feeds on producers
Y, because organism Y feeds on producers
X, because organism X feeds on a carnivore
Y, because organism Y feeds on a herbivore
Answer:
Y because organism y feed on herbivores
Explanation:it means y is carnivores or omnivores
Answer:
The Correct Answer is D
Y, because organism Y feeds on a herbivore
Explanation:
If the bath was set to 80 °c, what do you think would happen to the rate of photosynthesis?
The rate of photosynthesis would decrease due to a change in the shape of certain enzymes that are adapted to temperatures much lower than that. The plant could also be damaged in the process and become unstable.
Use the drop-down menus to complete the statements.
Meiosis involves cell divisions.
Answer:
Meiosis involves two cell divisions
Explanation:
Mitosis and meiosis are two kinds of cell divisions and one of the main differences between the two is that meiosis goes through 2 nuclear divisions.
Meiosis has Meiosis I and Meiosis II division. In Meiosis I, the number of chromosomes in the daughter cells are only half of the parent cells. This is why it is called a reduction division, because the chromosomes will be reduced by half. In Meiosis II, the daughter cells will have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cells, which in this case is the daughter cells of meiosis I.
Zooplankton-eating fish are ________.primary consumersproducerssecondary consumersherbivoresdetritivores
Answer:primary consumer
Explanation:
Where is muscle tissue found in the body?
Most of the nitrogen we lose is lost in/through our
Photosynthesis is an example of
Which of these word formulas for cellular respiration is correct?
A) Oxygen + Sugar → Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
B) Carbon + Sugar → Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
C) Nitrogen + Sugar → Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
D) Hydrogen + Sugar → Energy + Carbon dioxide + Water
what is the primary function of the nervous system?
Answer:
The primary function of the nervous system is to collect sensory input from the body as well as the external environment and process and interpret the sensory information
Explanation:
The primary function of the nervous system is to receive information about the environment through sensory organs, process it, and generate responses through motor function or changes in physiological state.
Explanation:The primary function of the nervous system is to receive information about the environment through sensory organs, process it, and generate responses through motor function or changes in physiological state. The nervous system is involved in sensations like taste, smell, touch, sight, and hearing, as well as internal stimuli. It also integrates sensory information with memories, emotions, and learning to produce a response.
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Is a rabbit a herbivore carnivore or omnivore
Hello There!
A rabbit is a herbivore.
A herbivore is an animal that mostly eats plants.
Examples of these types of these types of food would be leaves, flowers, fruit wood and nuts.
when it comes to their function in a cell what are ribosomes sometimes referred to?
A.protein factory
B.brain
C.janitor
Ribosomes referred to protein factory. So, the correct option is (A).
What are Ribosomes?Ribosomes are defined as macromolecular machines which is found within all cells carrying out biological protein synthesis. These link amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of messenger RNA molecules to form a polypeptide chain.
It consists of two major components:
1. The Small ribosomal subunits
2. The Large ribosomal subunits.
These are organelles that help in protein synthesis where proteins are needed for many cell activities such as damage repair and other chemical processes.
Thus, ribosomes referred to protein factory. So, the correct option is (A).
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**15 POINTS **
explain how Heredity and family medical history can play a role in an individual's personal health. *include examples in your explanation*
Explanation:
When a family member transfers a function from one generation to another through genes, this is called hereditary. Genetic factors may be involved in hypertension, heart disease, and other related diseases. Throughout circumstance, people with a family history of cardiovascular disease may have the same background or there may be other potential factors that may increase your/their risk. A combination of unhealthy lifestyles, such as heredity, smoking and nutrition, can increase the risk of heart disease,as well as the habit of Unhealthy food.
Heredity and family medical history can play a role in an individual's personal health through the transfer of traits from the parents to the offspring.
Heredity refers to the processes by which characteristics are transmitted from parents to their children. It should be noted that when parents transfer a function from one generation to another through genes, this is called hereditary.
There are some diseases that are heredity such as hypertension, sickle cell anemia, etc. In such a case, children from such a family will likely be hypertensive too.
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The center of the Milky Way most likely contains
A.
empty space.
B.
a red giant star.
C.
a globular cluster.
D.
a supermassive black hole.
Answer:
The center of the Milky Way most likely contains a supermassive black hole.
Explanation:
Because it is an eliptical galaxy, it has a little rotation to it but not enough to flatten out, thus the center would contain a supermassive black hole.
Omar paddles a canoe downstream at a rate of 5 mi/hr. The stream is flowing at a rate of 12 mi/hr. What is the actual
velocity of the canoe?
A: 5 mi/hr, downstream
B: 7 mi/hr, downstream
C: 12 mi/hr, downstream
D: 17 mi/hr, downstream
Answer:
The answer would be D: 17 MPH, downstream.
Answer:
The actual velocity of the canoe is 17 mi/hr in downward direction.
Explanation:
It is given that,
Velocity of canoe, [tex]v_c=5\ mi/hr[/tex] (downstream)
Velocity of stream, [tex]v_s=12\ mi/hr[/tex]
We need to find the actual velocity of the canoe. Let it is equal to v. As it is clear that both velocities are in same direction. So, the actual velocity of the canoe is given by the sum of velocity of canoe and the stream.
[tex]v=v_c+v_s[/tex]
[tex]v=5+12[/tex]
v = 17 mi/hr
Since, the velocity is positive. It means it is in downstream direction. So, the correct option is (d) "17 mi/hr, downstream".
Two genes coding for proteins involved in glycolysis reside on the same chromosome. Can these genes assort independently?
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
The Gene's can assort independently
When the two genes coding for different proteins involved in glycolysis reside on the same chromosome, then these genes can assort independently if they are located far apart from each other on the chromosome.
Linkage occurs in a chromosome when two or more genes are linked together and are always inherited together in the same combination for more than two consecutive generations, whereas in case of recombination the genetic material of an organism is exchanged between different organisms which ultimately leads to the production of offspring with the combination of traits.
Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment states that during a dihybrid cross, an assortment of each of the pair of traits is independent of the other pair of traits. In other words, during gamete formation, one pair of trait or gene segregates from the another pair of traits or genes independently.
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Which statement most accurately describes rough ER?
A.
Cytoskeletal filament found in cilia and flagella
B.
Stack of flattened sacs that modify and sort proteins
C.
Series of membrane-enclosed sacs with ribosomes on the surface
D.
Series of membrane-enclosed sacs that detoxify substances and synthesize lipids
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is a series of interconnected membranous sacs with ribosomes on the surface, involved in protein synthesis and the subsequent transport of these proteins to other parts of the cell, such as the Golgi apparatus.
Explanation:Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a cellular organelle consisting of interconnected membranous sacs with a single lipid bilayer. The surface of the rough ER is studded with ribosomes, which are sites of protein synthesis. These proteins can be destined for use within the cell membrane, for secretion outside of the cell, or for use within the cell in various organelles.
Proteins synthesized in the rough ER are often transported to the Golgi apparatus for further modification and sorting. This transportation is facilitated by small sacs called transport vesicles which bud off from the rough ER.
What body system controls other body systems
If you are asking what I think you are, the Nervous system is responsible for controlling our other body systems.
Answer:
There really isn't a general body system that controls all the other body systems because all the body systems work together to do a task. But, I think the nervous system would be the best answer.
Why are producers so important to an ecosystem
Answer:
because without producers, there is no ecosystem, they are basically the foundation of the economy
Some photosynthetic organisms contain chloroplasts that lack photosystem II, yet are able to survive. The best way to detect the lack of photosystem II in these organisms would be to test for liberation of O2 in the light. to determine if they have thylakoids in the chloroplasts. to test for CO2 fixation in the dark. to the action spectrum for photosynthesis.
Answer:
Just completing challenges Sorry
Explanation:
Some types of lichens have been used to make ______
A. Poison-tipped arrows
B. Natural dyes
C. Certain foods
D. All of the above
Answer:
D. All of the above
Explanation:
Some types of lichens have been used to make All of the above.
Answer:
(D). All of the above.
Explanation:
Lichens represent symbiotic association between algae (that provide food for fungi) and fungi (that provide protection and shelter to the algae).
Some lichens can be used to make poisons due to their high toxic content. For example, Letharia (wolf lichen) is used to kill wolves.
Some Lichens are used to produce natural dye. For example, cudbear lichen is used to make red dye.
Some lichens, such as Iceland moos and reindeer lichens can be also used as a food source in various regions.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
unlike mendel's pea plants,humans can have a variety of heights,not just tall or short.what does this mean for human height?
A.height is controlled by one gene
B.height is controlled by more than one
C.height is not genetic
D.height is solely determined by whether or not you eat your vegetables
which of the following determines the specificity of a DNA probe?
A. type of radiation
B. level of enzymatic activity
C. number of neutrons
D. complementary base pairing
Answer:
Complementary base pairing
Explanation:
DNA probes are the single stranded stretches of nucleotides that are complementary to the original strand. DNA probes are used in various molecular technologies like polymerase chain reaction and DNA finger printing.
DNA probes can only hybridize with the specific complementary base pairs. Hence, complementary base pairing determines the specificity of DNA probe.
Thus, the correct answer is option (D).
Which allele is expressed in the first-generation offspring of parents that have two different traits?
A. the segregated allele
B. the true-breeding allele
C. the recessive allele
D. the dominant allele
D. the dominant allele
Which statement about the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs is true? A. Autotrophs transform radiant energy into chemical energy, but heterotrophs can't. B. Autotrophs take in only oxygen, but heterotrophs take in both oxygen and carbon dioxide. C. Autotrophs have two different electron transport systems, but heterotrophs have none. D. Autotrophs don't have a Calvin cycle, but heterotrophs do.
Answer:
I think the answer I A
Explanation:
Autotrophs, like plants, get energy from the sun and turn that into food
The main difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs is that autotrophs can convert radiant energy into chemical energy, but heterotrophs can't. Therefore, option A is correct.
What are autotrophs and heterotrophs?Autotrophs and heterotrophs are two different types of organisms classified based on their ability to obtain energy and nutrients.
Autotrophs are also known as producers. They are organisms that can produce their own food using energy from the sun, water, and carbon dioxide through the process of photosynthesis. Examples of autotrophs include plants, algae, and some bacteria.
Heterotrophs are also known as consumers. They are organisms that cannot produce their own food and must obtain energy and nutrients by consuming other organisms or organic matter. Examples of heterotrophs include animals, fungi, and some bacteria. Thus, option A is correct.
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which of the following describes a maritime tropical airmass?
A. cool, humid air masses from over the icy cold waters of the north pacific.
B. warm, humid air masses from over the waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
C. hot, dry air masses form mostly in summer over the dry areas of southwest and northern Mexico.
D. large air masses form over the Canada to bring very cold weather with low humidity.
plz help
B. warm, humid air masses from over the waters of the Gulf of Mexico.