Ocean acidification is the process of ocean waters becoming more acidic due to the dissolution of carbon dioxide in the ocean. This decrease in pH negatively affects marine species and the availability of calcium carbonate. If CO2 concentrations continue to rise, coral reefs may become rare by 2050.
Explanation:Ocean acidification is the process of ocean waters decreasing in pH. Oceans become more acidic as carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere dissolve in the ocean. This change is measured on the pH scale, with lower values being more acidic. The pH level of the oceans has decreased by approximately 0.1 pH units since pre-industrial times, which is equivalent to a 25% increase in acidity. The pH level of the oceans is projected to decrease even more by the end of the century as CO2 concentrations are expected to increase for the foreseeable future. Ocean acidification adversely affects many marine species, including plankton, mollusks, shellfish, and corals. As ocean acidification increases, the availability of calcium carbonate will decline. Calcium carbonate is a key building block for the shells and skeletons of many marine organisms. If atmospheric CO2 concentrations double, coral calcification rates are projected to decline by more than 30%. If CO2 concentrations continue to rise at their current rate, corals could become rare on tropical and subtropical reefs by 2050.
Final answer:
Ocean acidification, caused by the absorption of atmospheric CO2 into ocean waters forming carbonic acid, is the biological process leading to decreased pH in water surrounding organisms, threatening marine biodiversity and ecosystems.
Explanation:
The biological process that causes the pH of water surrounding an organism to decrease is known as ocean acidification. This process occurs when carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted into the atmosphere dissolves in ocean waters, forming carbonic acid which releases hydrogen ions (H*), thereby lowering the pH and increasing the acidity of the ocean. The ongoing rise in atmospheric CO2 due to activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation is accelerating this effect, leading to a significantly more acidic environment that can have detrimental effects on marine life, particularly organisms that rely on calcium carbonate for their shells and skeletons.
Ocean acidification is already having profound impacts on marine ecosystems, notably by reducing the availability of calcium carbonate which is vital for many marine species, including plankton, mollusks, shellfish, and corals. As CO2 levels continue to rise, the pH of the ocean is expected to drop further, endangering the health of coral reefs and the broader marine biodiversity.
How does the shape of a molecule affect its function
A molecule has a characteristic size and shape. The precise shape of a molecule is usually very important to its function in the living cell. Molecular shape is crucial in biology because it determines how biological molecules recognize and respond to one another with specificity.
My deepest apology if this is not what you meant.
Molecular shapes are important in determining macroscopic properties such as melting and boiling points, and in predicting the ways in which one molecule can react with another.
What is Molecular shapes?Molecular geometry is the three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms and chemical bonds in a molecule. The shape of a molecule affects its chemical and physical properties, including its color, reactivity, and biological activity.Molecular shapes are important in determining macroscopic properties such as melting and boiling points, and in predicting the ways in which one molecule can react with another.The shape of a molecule affects its chemical and physical properties.
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Elaborate on the role of activation energy in chemical reactions. A) Decreasing the activation energy leads to higher randomness within the reaction and an increased reaction rate. B) Activation energy is the minimum energy colliding reactants need to combine and for the chemical reaction to occur. C) The activation energy and randomness indicate the reduced likelihood that the barrier is overcome and a decreased rate. D) Higher activation energy indicates a higher randomness and the energy barrier is overcome with an increased reaction rate.
B is right answer ithink bro/sis
Answer:
A and B
Explanation:
The activation energy is the minimum energy necessary for the reaction to happen. It is a barrier, the reaction only occurs if the reactants have that energy.
As higher is the activation energy, as difficult is to the reaction happens, and because of that, the reaction rate will be small. The rate indicates the reaction velocity, which is the velocity of the collisions of the molecules, with more collisions, higher randomness is presented, and higher is the velocity.
A) Correct. As less energy is necessary, as higher is the velocity of the reaction, so the randomness and the rate will increase.
B) Correct. Is the definition of activation energy.
C) Incorrect. They indicate the rate of the reaction, and how easy or not it will be to the reaction happen.
D) Incorrect. As higher is the activation energy, as low is the randomness and the rate of the reaction.
a set of equations that represent a real world process is a what model
is that all the information i can get for the quistion
Answer:
The correct answer is a mathematic model.
Explanation:
A mathematical model constitutes an abstract representation of a certain aspect of reality, and has a structure that is formed by the elements that characterize the aspect of modeled reality and by the relationships between these elements called equations. Once the mathematical model is constructed, it is possible to extract from it properties and characteristics of the relations between the elements that would otherwise remain hidden.
Have a nice day!
what is the grams of carbon dioxide needed to occupy a container that is 9 liter at 32 degrees Celsius and 35 kpa
Answer:
44.01 g/mol.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm (P = 35.0 kPa/101.325 = 0.345 atm).
V is the volume of the gas in L (V = 9.0 L).
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol (n = ??? mol).
R is the general gas constant (R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K),
T is the temperature of the gas in K (T = 32.0°C + 273 = 305.0 K).
∴ n = PV/RT = (0.345 atm)(9.0 L)/(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)(305.0 K) = 0.124 mol.
∴ n = mass/molar mass
∴ mass = (n)(molar mass) = (0.124 mol)(44.01 g/mol) = 5.457 g.
Which energy source contributes to the greatest emissions of gases in the environment during the energy production process
Answer:
Natural gas, emitting fewer harmful chemicals into the atmosphere than other fossil fuels, can help to mitigate some of these environmental issues. These issues include: Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Smog, Air Quality and Acid Rain
Explanation:
Final answer:
Coal combustion, part of the fossil fuels category, contributes the most to greenhouse gas emissions during energy production, particularly carbon dioxide (CO2). However, renewable energy alternatives like solar and wind power present viable solutions to reduce these emissions.
Explanation:
The energy source that contributes to the greatest emissions of gases in the environment during the energy production process is the burning of fossil fuels, notably coal, oil, and natural gas. This is primarily due to their capacity to release significant amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) when combusted. Coal is the most carbon-intensive of these fuels, especially when used for electricity generation, leading to the highest CO2 emissions per unit of energy produced.
Coal combustion not only releases more greenhouse gas carbon dioxide per unit of energy output than any other energy-yielding process but also produces pollutants like fly ash and sulfur dioxide. However, innovations in renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are emerging as viable alternatives to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.
Given the significant environmental impact of burning fossil fuels, transitioning to renewable energy sources, enhancing energy efficiency, and investing in green technology research and development are critical steps toward combating climate change and reducing global greenhouse gas emissions.
what type of solar radiation is the most powerful
Answer:
Gamma Rays are the most powerful kind of rays :p
Gamma rays are the most powerful type of solar radiation! If you need to know more on how harmful they are and what they can do let me know!
Based on the image how many protons does carbon have
Carbon has 6 protons.
Hope that helped you!
I think the answers is D.12
If 6.1 moles of copper react completely with 6.1 moles of oxygen, what is the mole ratio for the compound
Answer:
CuO with (1: 1) mole ratio.
Explanation:
When 6.1 moles of copper react completely with 6.1 moles of oxygen.They are equimole reactants with a (1: 1) mole ratio.Then, the compound has the molecular formula CuO.How are the positive and negative areas created a molecule? Why is this important?
Answer:
The unequal sharing of electrons gives the water molecule a slight negative charge near its oxygen atom and a slight positive charge near its hydrogen atoms. When a neutral molecule has a positive area at one end and a negative area at the other, it is a polar molecule.
Hope this helps
Element Y is composed of three isotopes; Y-20 is 15.00%, Y-22 is 50.00%, and Y-24 is 35.00%. What is the element Y’s relative atomic mass
We take in account the following formula tot determine the relative atomic mass:
Relative atomic mass = atomic mass of isotope (1) × abundance of isotope (1) +
atomic mass of isotope (2) × abundance of isotope (2) + ... and so on
For element Y we have:
Relative atomic mass of Y = 20 × 0.15 + 22 × 0.5 + 24 × 0.35 = 22.4
-Please answer if you are sure!-
The question is:
How many seconds does it take light from the sun to reach Earth? How many nimutes is this? Show work.
(don't google it, i must answer based on numbers given to me)
Here's what it gives me to find the answer:
Light travels at a speed of 0.002 AU per second,
Earth is 1.00 AU from the sun (distance)
Earth's diameter is 12,00 (km)
Can you PLEASE tell me what numbers i need to put together to get the answers? i have multiple questions like this and i don't know how to solve.
Answer:8.35
Explanation:first subtract 0.002 by 1.00 witch is 1.002 then divid by 12,00 witch is 8.35
What is bias in an experiment?
a process where the scientists performing the research influence the results, in order to show a certain result
Answer:
Explanation:
An experimental bias can be define as the type of variable which is selectively chosen so as to obtain a desired result. It can also be said that a bias can be any kind of manipulation which is done by the experimenter so as to obtain a desired outcome or findings of the experiment. An experimenter can also take the advantage of choosing the desired samples from the collection of samples.
To avoid bias, a blinded study can be used in which the random variables as well as no bias while collecting the samples for study takes place.
What is the energy content in joules of a 1.28g sample of oatmeal that raises the temperature of 1.50 kg of water in a calorimeter from 25.0 C to 27 C
Answer:
12560 J.
Explanation:
To calculate the energy, we use the relation:The amount of heat absorbed by water = Q = m.c.ΔT.
where, m is the mass of water (m = 1.5 kg = 1500.0 g).
c is the specific heat capacity of water = 4.186 J/g°C.
ΔT is the temperature difference = (final T - initial T = 27°C - 25°C = 2°C).
∴ The amount of heat absorbed by water = Q = m.c.ΔT = (1500.0 g)(4.186 J/g°C)(2°C) = 12560 J.
Which scientist performed the cathode ray experiment leading to the discovery of electrons?
A.
Dalton
B.
Rutherford
C.
Democritus
D.
Bohr
E.
Thomson
The scientist is E. Thomson .
Explanation:In the late nineteenth century, physicist J.J. Thomson started trying different things with cathode beam tubes. Cathode beam cylinders are fixed glass tubes from which the greater part of the air has been emptied. A high voltage is applied crosswise over two terminals toward one side of the cylinder, which makes a light emission stream from the cathode (the contrarily charged anode) to the anode (the emphatically charged cathode).
The cylinders are called cathode beam tubes on the grounds that the molecule bars or “cathode beam” begins at the cathode. The beam can be distinguished by painting a material known as phosphors onto the most distant finish of the cylinder past the anode. The phosphors sparkles, or produces light, when affected by the cathode beam.
Determine the molarity of a solution that is prepared by adding 600 mL of water to a 200 mL of 0.450 M solution of K2Cr2O7 ?
Answer:
0.1125 M
Explanation:
Molarity of a solution is number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution
600 mL of water is added to 200 mL of a 0.450 M solution of K₂Cr₂O₇
number of moles of K₂Cr₂O₇ remain the same but more water is added therefore volume changes making the solution more dilute
first we need to find the number of moles of K₂Cr₂O₇ already in solution
molarity = number of moles of K₂Cr₂O₇ / volume of solution
substituting values in the equation
0.450 mol/L = number of moles / 0.2 L
number of moles = 0.09 mol
there are 0.09 mol of K₂Cr₂O₇ and the new volume is 200 mL + 600 mL = 800 mL
molarity = 0.09 mol / 0.8 L
molarity = 0.1125 mol/L
new molarity is 0.1125 M
what is the diffrence between a mixture and a compound
A compound is a substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Answer:
a mixture has multiple atoms or chemicals in it a compound is one solid atom packed tokether to creatat a compound
Explanation:
How many moles of air molecules are contained in a 2.00 L flask at 98.8 kPa and 25.0 degrees of C show work plz
Answer:
7.97 x 10⁻² mol.
Explanation:
To calculate the no. of moles of a gas, we can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm (P = 98.8 kPa = 0.975 atm).
V is the volume of the gas in L (V = 2.0 L).
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol (??? mol).
R is the general gas constant (R = 0.0821 L.atm/mol.K).
T is the temperature of the gas in K (T = 25°C + 273 = 298 K).
∴ n = PV/RT = (0.975 atm)(2.0 L)/(0.0821 L.atm/mol.K)(298 K) = 7.97 x 10⁻² mol.
Nitrogen has an atomic mass of about 14 amu and an atomic number of 7. How many neutrons does nitrogen have ?
Answer:
The atomic mass is 14, which is the combined mass of protons and neutrons. The atomic number is the number of protons. SO if we have a total mass of 14 and we know 7 of that is protons, 14-7=7
the nitrogen has 7 neutrons
Which of these is a physical property?
malleable
easy to digest
does not burn
becomes moldy quickly
ty ^^
Answer: malleable
Explanation:
Chemical property is defined as the property of a substance which is observed during a reaction where the chemical composition identity of the substance gets changed.
Physical property is defined as the property which can be measured and whose value describes the state of physical system. For Example: State, density etc.
Malleable is a physical property as it is the ability to be beaten into sheets which means only shape changes.
Easy to digest is a chemical property as it requires oxidation of food.
Does not burn easily is a chemical property as it requires oxidation .
Becomes moldy quickly is a physical property as it requires oxidation .
Answer:
malleable
Explanation:
i did the test and got it correct
Select the correct location on the image.
Which element has the largest atomic radius?
Answers options are in the photo attached...
Answer:
Ba.
Explanation:
Atomic radius decreases across the period and increases across the group.
Atomic radius of Be = 153 pm.
Atomic radius of F = 147 pm.
Atomic radius of Ga = 187 pm.
Atomic radius of Ba = 268 pm.
∴ The element that has the largest atomic radius is Ba.
4Fe + 3O2 → 2Fe2O3
Iron combines with oxygen to form rust. Given the chemical reaction, how many grams of rust would be produced if 3 grams of reactants were consumed?
A) 0 grams
B) 1 gram
C) 3 grams
D) 7 grams
Answer:
C, 3g
Explanation:
4Fe + 3O2 = 3g
Since the number of atoms are same on the both sides of equation same amount of rust will be produced. Therefore 3g of Fe2O3 will be produced.
Answer:
the answer is 3 grams
5 drops of 0.15 M Ki added to
40 drops of Na2S2O3
What is the final concentration of ki?
Final answer:
To find the final concentration of KI after adding 5 drops of 0.15 M KI to 40 drops of Na2S2O3, assuming each drop is equal in volume, the total volume is calculated and used to compute the final concentration, which is approximately 0.0167 M.
Explanation:
The question asks for the final concentration of KI (potassium iodide) after 5 drops of 0.15 M KI solution are added to 40 drops of Na₂S₂O₃ solution. To find the final concentration, we need to consider the total volume and the initial amount of KI. Assuming each drop has the same volume, the initial volume of KI solution is 5 drops and the final volume after mixing is 45 drops.
Initial moles of KI = Concentration × Volume = 0.15 M × 5 drops
Assuming 1 drop = 0.05 mL for calculation purposes, then 5 drops = 0.25 mL (converted to liters = 0.00025 L)
Initial moles of KI = 0.15 M × 0.00025 L = 0.0000375 mol
To find the concentration of KI in the final solution:
Final concentration = initial moles ÷ final volume = 0.0000375 mol ÷ (5 drops + 40 drops)
Assuming the volume per drop is constant, the final volume = 45 × 0.05 mL = 2.25 mL = 0.00225 L
Final concentration = 0.0000375 mol ÷ 0.00225 L = 0.0167 M
Therefore, the final concentration of KI in the mixture is approximately 0.0167 M.
H2O2, hydrogen peroxide, naturally breaks down into H2O and O2 over time. MnO2, manganese dioxide, can be used to lower the energy of activation needed for this reaction to take place and, thus, increase the rate of reaction. What type of substance is MnO2 ?
a. a reactant
b. an inhibitor
c. an enhancer
d. a catalyst
Final answer:
MnO2 is a catalyst that increases the decomposition rate of H2O2 into H2O and O2 by lowering the reaction's activation energy and is not consumed in the process.
Explanation:
MnO2, manganese dioxide, serves as a catalyst in the decomposition of H2O2 into H2O and O2. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy needed for the reaction to proceed, without being consumed in the process. After the reaction, the catalyst returns to its initial state and can be used repeatedly. Therefore, the correct answer to the question concerning the role of MnO2 is (d) a catalyst.
where are the electrons found in Bohrs atomic atom
a. the electrons orbit the protons at the atoms center.
b. the electrons circle the nucleus in specific orbits.
c. the electrons occupy the atoms center, with protons orbiting.
d. the electrons are evenly distributed throughout the atom.
Answer:
The elections circle ITS B TRUST ME I JUST DID IT
Explanation:
Apex
The electrons circle the nucleus in specific orbits in Bohr's atomic atom.
Hence, Option (B) is correct answer.
What is Bohr's Atomic Model ?According to the Bohr's Atomic model the electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed energy levels. This model was proposed by Neil Bohr in 1915.
What is Orbit ?The electrons which move around in predictable path is known as orbit.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The electrons circle the nucleus in specific orbits in Bohr's atomic atom.
Hence, Option (B) is correct answer.
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PLEASE HELP ASAP ILL GIVE BRAINLIEST ITS PLATO!!!
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An uncovered pot of water lies out in the sun. Which statements correctly describe what happens at the surface of the liquid water? (More than one answer)
——————————
1) The vapor pressure remains constant regardless of the water temperature.
2)The vapor pressure is produced by water molecules that have evaporated.
3) The vapor pressure increases as the Sun heats the water in the pot.
4) Evaporation stops once the vapor pressure reaches a certain point.
5) Evaporation and condensation both occur on the liquid’s surface.
Explanation:
At a given temperature, the pressure exerted by the vapors on its condensed phases in a closed system is known as vapor pressure.
Therefore, when an uncovered pot of water lies out in the sun then heat caused due to radiation of sun will heat the water. As a result, vapors start to form after a certain interval.
So, when heat inside the system increases then there will be increase in vapor pressure of the system.
Thus, we can conclude that the following statements correctly describe what happens at the surface of the liquid water:
The vapor pressure is produced by water molecules that have evaporated.The vapor pressure increases as the Sun heats the water in the pot.protons and neutrons are made from which of the following?
hadrons
down quarks only
up quarks and down quarks
up quarks only
Answer: it would be c. Protons are made of two Up and one Down quark. The neutron is made of two Down and one Up quark
Protons and neutrons are made up from quarks and in protons two up quarks & in neutron two down quarks are present.
What are quarks?Quarks are the fundamental or elementary particle of any matter present in the system, and quarks are combined together for the formation of a hadron.
Protons and neutrons are the examples of hadrons which are also made up of quarks.
Protons are formed by the combination of two ups quarks and one down quark.Neutrons are formed by the combination of two dowm quarks and one up quark.Hence protons and neutrons are formed by the quarks.
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Can you accurately determine a person genotype just by observing their phenotype
Answer:
Yes.
Explanation:
All of the heterozygous pairs are either really close or the same as the homozygous.
NEED ANS ASAP PLSSS HELP
if you supply 3600 kJ of heat, how many grams of ice at 0°C can be melted, heated to its boiling point? (Make M your X in equations) (figure out which q you need)!!
Answer:
17,140 g = 17.14 kg.
Explanation:
To solve this problem, we can use the relation:Q = m.c.ΔT,
where, Q is the amount of heat absorbed by ice (Q = 3600 x 10³ J).
m is the mass of the ice (m = ??? g).
c is the specific heat of the ice (c of ice = 2.1 J/g.°C).
ΔT is the difference between the initial and final temperature (ΔT = final T - initial T = 100.0°C - 0.0°C = 100.0°C).
∵ Q = m.c.ΔT
∴ (3600 x 10³ J) = m.(2.1 J/g.°C).(100.0°C)
∴ m = (3600 x 10³ J)/(2.1 J/g.°C).(100.0°C) = 17,140 g = 17.14 kg.
Sally wants to see which fertilizer makes tomato plants grow the tallest. She use 3 types (A, B, C) and leaves one group in soil without any fertilizer. Identify the independent variable, dependent variable, and the control group in this experiment.
Answer:
Independent: The types of fertilizer. (Independent I Change)
Dependent: The plants height. (Dependent is Dependent on the Independent)
Control: The Type of plants (What isn't being changed throughout the experiment.)
which number label represents the nucleus? 6,5,3,2
Answer:
5
Explanation:
Nucleus is the center or "CEO" of the cell, that holds the cell's DNA and controls the cells' function.
Number 6 label in the given figure represents the Nucleus. Hence Option (A) is correct.
What is Nucleas ?
A nucleus, as related to genomics, is the membrane-enclosed organelle within a cell that contains the chromosomes.
An array of holes, or pores, in the nuclear membrane allows for the selective passage of certain molecules (such as proteins and nucleic acids) into and out of the nucleus.
Therefore, Number 6 label in the given figure represents the Nucleus. Hence Option (A) is correct.
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