d. labor force participation rates
Explanation:
Labor force participation rates are statistics used in labor economics to determine what amount of labor force is being used and employed in what sort of work.
When the general availability of a work force in an area is concerned, one can deduce from the participation rates how many people are employed in such work and what percentage of people are actually doing the sort of work that would be required by the company looking to the statistics.
Sick cell disease (SCD) primarily affects: A. children of African descent and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry. B. children of Middle-Eastern and Indian descent. C. children of Asian descent. D. both African descent and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry and Middle-Eastern and Indian descent.
Answer:
The correct answer is D
Explanation:
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease of the red blood cells. It is an inherited red blood cell disorder that affects hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells that delivers oxygen to cells throughout the body. Sickle cell disease primarily affects children of African descent and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry and children of Middle-Eastern and Indian descent.
Answer:
Sick cell disease (SCD) primarily affects:both African descent and Hispanics of Caribbean ancestry and Middle-Eastern and Indian descent. Correct option is D.
Explanation:
Sickle cell disease is a sickle cell disorder in which the red cells become sickel- shaped when there are subjected to low oxygen tension. The clinical manifestations usually develops 3 to 4 months of age when the level of HbF ( foetal haemoglobin) falls and they include:
- impaired growth and development,
- splenomegaly,
- infection( due to impaired slpenic phagocytic function) and
- vaso- occlusive crises.
Sickle cell disease is divided into the following types:
- sickle cell anaemia
-Sickle cell B thalassemia.
The prevalence of SCD is worldwide with the different types occurring more in specific regions. Therefore option D is correct.
What is the probability of a stroke over the next 10 years for Art Speen, a 69-year-old smoker who has a systolic blood pressure of 176? If required, round your answer to two decimal places. Do not round intermediate calculations.
Answer:
Explanation:
Age =69
Systolic blood pressure =176
Smoker =1
Regression Equation
Risk = -109.6 + 1.313 *69 + 0.2770*176 + 4.25 *1=29.36
The predicted probability of stroke is 29 (times 100).
The 10-year stroke risk for Art Spen, a 69-year-old smoker with a systolic blood pressure of 176, is approximately 15.6%. This was calculated using the Framingham Stroke Risk Score, a commonly used measure for assessing the risk of stroke.
The Framingham Stroke Risk Score takes into account a number of risk factors, including blood pressure, smoking status, diabetes status, and a history of cardiovascular disease. Art Spen's risk factors include his age, smoking status, and high blood pressure.
It is important to note that the Framingham Stroke Risk Score is just an estimate of a person's risk of stroke. The actual risk may be higher or lower depending on other factors that were not included in the score, such as family history of stroke, cholesterol levels, and physical activity level.
Art Spen can take steps to reduce his risk of stroke by quitting smoking, lowering his blood pressure, and eating a healthy diet. He should also talk to his doctor about other ways to reduce his risk, such as taking medication or getting regular exercise.
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Given what you have learned about primate dental functional morphology, and the information just provided, what do you predict as the diet of the primate Skull A? What do you predict as the diet of primate Skull B? g
Answer:
a. Because tooth shape varies with fracture properties of the foods that primates eat, relationships between dental form and function can teach us about the diets of our distant ancestors.
b. Most plant parts and animals have not evolved to be eaten (with a few exceptions, such as primate-dispersed angiosperm fruits). They are typically protected from being broken by either stress-limited or displacement-limited defenses. Stress-limited foods include hard-brittle items, such as some nuts and palm fronds, which require substantial stress (force per unit area) to initiate a crack, but once a crack starts, it is easily propagated. Displacement-limited foods, on the other hand, are typically tough items that may require little work to start a crack, but substantial energy to spread the crack through. Examples include raw meat and many mature leaves. This dichotomy is clearly an over-simplification, but it serves us well for understanding the challenges that teeth face during chewing.
Explanation:
DENTAL FUNCTIONAL MORPHOLOGY
An understanding of relationships between tooth form and function requires a way of comparing dental morphology between species with different diets. Researchers have developed several approaches to quantifying functional aspects of occlusal shape in primates.
The traditional approach has been the study of shearing quotients (Kay, 1984). This involves calculation of the summed lengths of crests running up and over individual cusps relative to the mesiodistal length of the tooth as a whole (Figure 3). The longer the crests (i.e., taller or sharper the cusps), the higher the shearing quotient (SQ). Among closely related primates, folivores have higher SQs than frugivores, and among fruit-eaters those that consume hard objects have the lowest SQ values. This fits well with our predictions for occlusal morphology given the fracture properties of leaves, fruit flesh, and hard objects. We should therefore be able to infer diets of fossil species based on where they fall on a plot of molar-crest length against tooth length for living primates with known food preferences (Figure 3).
What is meant by the continuum of institutional long-term care? Discuss the clinical services delivered by residential/personal care facilities,assisted living facilities, and skilled nursing facilities.
Answer:
Care for the elderly or people with disability
Explanation:
The continuum of institutional long-term care is for patients whose needs are not adequately met in a more community-based setting. It is for individuals who need more dependency. There are two ends of the continuum of institutional long-term care spectrum. On the one end there are the individuals that may only need basic personal or custodial care. An example of personal and custodial care can include help with walking, bladder training, or just helping with bathing. On the other end there are the individuals that may need more round the clock care with nursing or specialized services along with the basic needs.
The following are the clinical services delivered by residential/personal care facilities, assisted living facilities, and skilled nursing facilities are;
provide supervision and assistance but not medical or nursing needs.They provide the basic services included which are laundry, housekeeping and daily meals. Assisted living facilities offer 24-hour supervision, personalized care for each individual, social activities, limited nursing These services typically include nursing care, 24-hour supervision, three meals a day, and assistance with everyday activities. Rehabilitation services, such as physical, occupational, and speech therapy, are also available.The continuum of institutional long-term care includes a range of services from residential/personal care facilities for basic assistance to skilled nursing facilities for medical care. Assisted living serves as an intermediate option offering independence with available support.
The continuum of institutional long-term care refers to a range of services and facilities that provide various levels of care and living arrangements for individuals who require assistance with daily activities or medical care over an extended period. This continuum often includes residential/personal care facilities, assisted living facilities, and skilled nursing facilities.
Residential/Personal Care Facilities
These facilities offer 24-hour support, focusing on social and personal care needs. They cater to individuals who have limited ability to care for themselves, such as the elderly or those with disabilities. The provided services mainly cover assistance with daily activities like eating, dressing, and bathing.
Assisted Living Facilities
Assisted living provides a more independent living environment compared to residential care, with support available when needed. These facilities often offer meals, housekeeping, medication management, and social activities, in addition to help with daily tasks.
Skilled Nursing Facilities
Skilled nursing facilities, commonly referred to as nursing homes, provide comprehensive nursing care for those requiring medical or rehabilitation services. This care includes the administration of medication, wound care, physical therapy, and 24-hour monitoring by healthcare professionals.
Identify a primary reason for the relatively high prices of healthcare in the US. Identify and describe a policy option that might result in lower US healthcare costs.
Answer:
The Answer of this question is discussed below.
Explanation:
The cost of medical care is the sole most important portion following the United States healthcare expenses, estimating for 91% of spending. These investments indicate the expense of attending for those with prolonged or long-term pathological situations, a declining population and the expanded expense of new treatments, systems, and technologies.A health record with deficiencies that is not complete within the timeframe specified in the medical staff rules and regulations is called a(n) _________ record
Answer:
Delinquent Record
Explanation:
Delinquest records are record that occurs when an health record with deficiencies is incomplete and remain open by the medical staff after a long period of time. It is advisable that medical records are completed and duely signed within the time frame specified by the medical staff in their rules and regulations.
Therefore A health record with deficiencies that is not complete within the timeframe specified in the medical staff rules and regulations is called a DELINQUENT RECORD.
A health record with deficiencies that is not complete within the timeframe specified in the medical staff rules and regulations is called a(n) - Delinquent Record
Delinquent Medical RecordAn incomplete record not finished or made complete within the time frame determined by the medical staff of the facility.A medical record that remains incomplete more than 30 days after the inpatient, observation or day surgery discharge, or outpatient encounterIt leads to various consequences:Lack of clarity in communication between physicians treating the patient leads to failure to follow through with evaluation and treatment plans.Incorrect treatment decisions compromise patient safety.Loss of practice revenueThus, A health record with deficiencies that is not complete within the timeframe specified in the medical staff rules and regulations is called a(n) - Delinquent Record
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Sugar has been implicated by many people in some major health problems. One scientifically proven effect of sugar on health is that: a. the link between sugar intake and colon cancer is weaker when total calorie intakes exceed the daily need b. sugar consumed in large amounts leads to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs c. fructose suppresses the human appetite in the same way that glucose does d. consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks results in significant changes in blood lipids e. eating large amounts of pure sugar puts a strain on the appendix, leading to diabetes
Consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks can result in significant changes in blood lipids. Consuming large amounts of sugar can lead to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs. The other options mentioned in the question are not scientifically proven effects of sugar on health.
Explanation:A scientifically proven effect of sugar on health is that consuming sweetened soft drinks every day for a few weeks results in significant changes in blood lipids. This means that regular consumption of sugary drinks can negatively affect the levels of fats in the blood, potentially increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Another effect of sugar on health is that sugar consumed in large amounts leads to obesity, even when calorie intake does not exceed calorie needs. Excessive sugar intake can contribute to weight gain and increase the risk of obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
It is important to note that the other options mentioned in the question, such as the link between sugar intake and colon cancer when calorie intakes exceed the daily need, fructose suppressing appetite, and eating large amounts of pure sugar putting a strain on the appendix leading to diabetes, are not scientifically proven effects of sugar on health.
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What are some of the key aspects of the innovative care delivery design that occurred in Valencia, Spain? (Hint: visit the required readings from this week).
The question is incomplete. The complete question has been attached below.
Answer:
Option (2), (4) and (6).
Explanation:
More than 50% of the European population is affected by the different chronic diseases. The government as well as private sector involved to provide financial help for the diseases person.
The care delivery design is basically made by keeping that the chances of the diseases will increase in the future and can affect the financial condition of the nation. The private financial condition and benefits must be given by the public sectors as well. Some sort of payment must be made and keeping the value of the citizen. The payments might be risk adjusted as well.
Thus, the correct answer is option (2), (4) and (6).
Share details about one area from the iCARE Self-Assessment 1 where you have significant opportunity for improvement during your BSN program. How will you work to improve your own professionalism in this area?
Answer:
By studying the self-assessment of iCARE, I can surely agree with others on the need to improve my self-care and well-being.
The paradox of nursing would be to provide for everyone to the best of our knowledge, however most nurses can say to the best of our knowledge that we don't care about ourselves.
The cardiovascular facility which I work is very challenging; there are many CMET emergencies (heart medical emergency team) as well as codes, CITs (campus police).
The client frequency is very significant, it can also be over whelming.
The times you're caught up and feel like you have some downtime to take a break; there might be occasions when a coworker struggles in a situation where their patient has become unsafe or drowns in their assignment and you feel the need to step in and support, particularly when they're a younger nurse.
In the work world, it's a struggle to take care of yourself. I just believe it's important to look at each other in the workplace and check in and see if someone has a bad day and just need some help.
One area from iCARE Self-Assessment 1 where I can significantly improve is reflective practice. By journaling, participating in peer reviews, practicing mindfulness, and continuing education, I will enhance my professionalism and clinical judgment.
Reflective practice involves consistently analyzing and thinking about one's own experiences to improve future actions.
To improve my professionalism in this area, I plan to employ the following strategies:
Journaling: I will maintain a journal where I record my daily clinical experiences, including what I did well and areas where I can improve.Peer Review: I will participate in regular peer review sessions to receive constructive feedback from my classmates and coworkers.Meditation and Mindfulness: Practicing mindfulness will help me be more aware of my emotional responses and how they influence my interactions with patients and colleagues.Continuing Education: Attending workshops and seminars focused on reflective practice and emotional intelligence to stay updated on the best practices in the field.Incorporating these strategies will better equip me to handle challenging situations, improve my clinical judgment, and foster a collaborative work environment.
Mary was not invited to a friend's birthday party, and she feels really disappointed and upset. What question would most likely redirect her thinking and provide a solution?
How can I get back at my friend for not inviting me to her party?
How can I make my friends who did get invited feel bad for going?
How can bad things happen to me when I do good things for others?
How can I talk to my friend about how this is making me feel?
Final answer:
The most constructive question for Mary to consider is discussing her feelings with the friend who did not invite her to the party, which could lead to understanding and resolution.
Explanation:
When faced with feelings of disappointment and upset, like Mary for not being invited to a friend's birthday party, it is important to choose a course of action that encourages positive resolution and personal growth. The question Mary might consider to redirect her thinking and find a solution is: How can I talk to my friend about how this is making me feel? By choosing to communicate her feelings to her friend, Mary opens the door to understanding and possibly mending their relationship.
This approach encourages the healing of emotional wounds and moves away from retaliation or continued hurt. Those who feel marginalized or excluded, similar to Mary, may often wonder about their place at the 'table' or why they don't feel welcome. A constructive conversation with the involved parties can bring these feelings to light and pave the way to resolution, much like Miriam decides to reflect on her situation and take active steps toward change, rather than remaining frustrated.
A client who is disabled due to stroke is discharged from a health care unit and an LPN is assigned to provide nursing care to the client at home. This is an example of which kind of care
Answer:Extended care
Explanation: Extended care can be best explained as services that meet the health needs of a client who no longer need acute hospital care. It involves skilled nursing care in the client's home or in a nursing home, and hospice care for dying clients. Primary care is provided by the family doctor, the nurse, or any health care facility that is the first contact for the client.
Explain the basic principles of Loris Malaguzzi's educational philosophy.
Answer:
Reggio Emilia approach
Explanation:
Loris Malaguzzi's educational philosophy came to be known as The Reggio Emilia approach. An educational philosophy that promotes natural development of children largely centered on preschool and primary education.
Child is given the opportunity to construct knowledge, to observe, explore, and question in a friendly environment. The educational philosophy seeks better understanding of child psychology as well as nurtures their individuality.
Some of the basic principles include:
1) Children must have some control over the direction of their learning
2) Children must be able to learn through experiences of touching, moving, listening, and observing
3) Children have a relationship with other children and with material items in the world that they must be allowed to explore
4) Children must have endless ways and opportunities to express themselves.
Loris Malaguzzi's educational philosophy is centered on a child's own capability to construct knowledge through interactive learning within a supportive environment. It emphasizes the teacher's role as a collaborator, the environment as a 'third teacher,' and includes parental involvement and expressive arts as essential components.
The basic principles of Loris Malaguzzi's educational philosophy are deeply rooted in the concept of a child-centered approach to learning. As the founding father of the Reggio Emilia approach to education, Malaguzzi believed in respecting children as capable individuals who construct their own knowledge through interactions with the world around them. This philosophy emphasizes the importance of a supportive and enriching environment where learning is guided by the interests of the children, rather than a predetermined curriculum.
Key elements include the role of the teacher as a co-learner and collaborator rather than a traditional authoritative figure, and the classroom environment itself acting as a 'third teacher' that is carefully designed to stimulate exploration and discovery. Additionally, Malaguzzi endorsed the idea of parental involvement in the educational process, viewing parents as essential partners. The approach also includes expressive arts as a language for children to communicate their understanding and thoughts.
Malaguzzi's belief that children have 'a hundred languages,' a metaphor for the myriad ways in which children can express themselves, is central to the approach. It speaks to the idea that children should be allowed to explore, express, and cultivate their many abilities and talents, which enable them to learn and understand the world. Thus, Malaguzzi has significantly influenced early childhood education, promoting a dynamic learning experience tailored to the natural development of children.
Geriatric teams often involve other nonmedical professionals. Which example would be MOST likely to be involved in a geriatric team?
a physical therapist
an occupational therapist
a clergy member
a respiratory therapist
Answer:
A clergy member
Explanation:
Geriatrics describes the branch of medicine that focuses on health promotion and the prevention and treatment of disease and disability in later life.
The term itself can be distinguished from gerontology, which is the study of the aging process itself..
To answer the above the chaplaincy (clergy member) also collaborate on the treatment plans as a nonmedical professionals.
Answer:
The correct answer is:
a clergy member
Explanation:
Geriatric medicine is a branch of medicine concerned with the prevention of disease or disabilities and the treatment of elderly people or older adults.
First of all, the question asked us to identify the nonmedical professional in the list that can be a part of the geriatric team, and all in the list, except 'a clergy member' are medical professionals, hence the answer.
Secondly, in the treatment of a geriatric patient, moral, theological or ethical issues may arise, for example, most religion do not encourage blood transfusion, hence in the team, a moralist, and ethicist or a clergy member is included to help prevent violation of the moral or ethical issues as relating to the patient.
"Current research suggests that diets that are _____ in carbohydrate may actually increase the risk of heart disease in some people because they sometimes lower HDL-C levels."
Answer:
High in carbohydrates
Explanation:
Diets that are high in carbohydrates produces more sugar after digestion and leads to glycogenesis. This sugar exceeds the glycogen level of the body and it is converted to fat which increases the risk of heart diseases. High carbohydrate diet increases the risk of heart diseases as it is closely associated with insulin resistance, abdominal fat distribution, high plasma triglycerides level , low HDL -cholesterol and oxidative stress. High carbohydrate diets, especially refined carbohydrate causes weight gain with its associated problems such as cardiovascular diseases.
QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION 1. Using the health problem analysis framework, illustrate how infant (and specifically neonatal) mortality rates are affected by "better babies or better care." 2. What is the public health "science" underlying the Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System
Answer:
The neonatal period is the first 28 days of life. It is the period when new born babies are vulnerable to health problems. Considering health problem analysis framework, Infant or neonatal mortality is rampant at this stage of life, as babies(one month or below) have low chances of surviving. Better care or better babies care focus intensive care for neonates, and reducing their mortality rate.
Public health science outcome-orientated perinatal surveillance system can be explained as an objective, understandable, and acceptable basis for establishing monitoring evaluation, and regulatory strategies for hospitals with units for maternity and newborns. It is also the continuous, systematic collection, analysis and interpretation and data related to newborn babies in Hospitals, for the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice.
Explanation:
Health problems are situations or conditions of people which are considered undesirable. It is measured as death, disease and disability.
Neonatal mortality rates can be influenced by factors like genetics, prenatal care, and maternal health, as well as the quality of healthcare services. The Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System is a public health strategy that focuses on the results of obstetric and newborn care.
Explanation:Infant and specifically neonatal mortality rates can be impacted by factors such as 'better babies or better care,' in reference to the health problem analysis framework. 'Better babies' implies a focus on genetics, prenatal care, and mothers' health during pregnancy. A decrease in neonatal mortality could signify advances in these areas. 'Better care' refers to improvements in healthcare services, like the quality of delivery procedures, newborn care, and postnatal check-ups.
The Outcome Oriented Perinatal Surveillance System is a public health approach that emphasizes the results or outcomes of obstetric and newborn care. It uses scientific methods drawn from epidemiology to monitor and measure different outcomes, such as neonatal mortality, with the ultimate aim of improving patient care.
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Pair up with someone whose birthday you do not know. Find out their birthday using binary search, asking whether their birthday is earlier or later in the year than each of your guesses. How many guesses might be required to guarantee you find out their birthday
Answer:
the best you can do is ask something that splits the search space — the potential birthdays, in this case — in half.
Explanation:
For this case, you’ll need to split the 365 days in a year in half 9 times to isolate a single day. 365 –> 183 (1) –> 92 (2) –> 41 (3) –> 21 (4) –> 11 (5) –> 6 (6) –> 3 (7) –> 2 (8) –> 1 (9). The easy way to figure this out is to realize that 512, or 29, is the smallest power of 2 greater than 365.
Usually, when people find out that I work with computers, they ask me to fix theirs. They don’t really care about what I actually do; to the average person, programming is opaque. But now I see another avenue for our skills: parlor tricks.
– I’ll guess your birthday with just 9 yes-or-no questions! (binary search)
– I’ll name a number in 2 seconds bigger than anything you can name in 10! (Busy Beaver or any other non-computable function)
– Draw any map you want, however complicated, and give me just four (different) colored crayons. No matter what the map looks like, I’ll fill it in so that no adjacent countries have the same color! (four-color theorem)
– Here’s an easy problem: I’ll give you ten numbers, and I’ll guarantee that some of them, when added together, sum to 100,000. But I’ll bet you can’t figure out which ones in 5 minutes. Only ten numbers in all! (subset sum is NP-Complete)
– You give me a bunch of cities and highways between the cities. I’ll immediately tell you whether it’s possible to start at one city, drive on every highway between every city exactly once, and end up back at the original city! (Eulerian cycle)
– Any others?
Binary search can help determine a person's birthday efficiently within a logarithmic number of guesses. This method guarantees accuracy using a systematic approach based on adjusting guesses. The concept relates to the efficiency of cryptographic attacks based on probabilities.
Binary search is a search algorithm that finds the position of a target value within a sorted array. To use binary search to find a person's birthday, you can start by guessing the middle of the year and then adjust your guess based on whether the birthday is earlier or later in the year, repeating this process until you pinpoint the exact birthday.
Using binary search guarantees that you will find the person's birthday within a logarithmic number of guesses, specifically log₂(n), where 'n' is the number of possible birthdays in a year. Since there are 365 possible days in a year, using binary search can guarantee finding a birthday in at most ⌈log₂(365)⌉ = 9 guesses.
Birthday attack refers to a cryptographic attack exploiting probabilities. In this context, binary search efficiently reduces the number of guesses needed to find a birthday by following a systematic approach.
_____ is considered especially useful for people with depression who are struggling with social conflicts or undergoing changes in their careers or social roles.
Answer:
The correct answer is Interpersonal Therapy or IPT.
Explanation:
The treatment is one of the types of Psychotherapy. IPT is a short term treatment and is most frequently used to treat symptoms associated with depression. This therapy is used to help the patients to understand the interpersonal issues like unresolved problems with their significant others, social conflicts and changes in their careers or social roles.
The therapy helps such patients to learn healthy and good ways to express their emotions and make their communication better.
Answer:
interpersonal psychotherapy.
Explanation:
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is a time-limited, focused, evidence-based approach to treat mood disorders. The main goal of IPT is to improve the quality of a client’s interpersonal relationships and social functioning to help reduce their distress. IPT provides strategies to resolve problems within four key areas.
First, it addresses interpersonal deficits, including social isolation or involvement in unfulfilling relationships. Second, it can help patients manage unresolved grief—if the onset of distress is linked to the death of a loved one, either recent or past. Third, IPT can help with difficult life transitions like retirement, divorce, or moving to another city. Fourth, IPT is recommended for dealing with interpersonal disputes that emerge from conflicting expectations between partners, family members, close friends, or coworkers.
The pulse pressure is ________. A) systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure B) systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure C) systolic pressure divided by diastolic pressure D) diastolic pressure plus 1/3 (systolic pressure plus diastolic pressure)
Answer:
The correct answer is B) systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
Explanation:
The pulse pressure (PP) is: PP = PAS-PAD, whose unit is mmHg. It serves as a marker of cardiovascular risk. Values considered normal are less than 50 mmHg and abnormal values greater than this value.
Answer: The pulse pressure is systolic pressure minus diastolic pressure
Explanation: The pulse pressure is gotten by subtracting diastolic pressure from systolic pressure. Measured in millimetres of mercury mmHg, the pulse pressure is an important mortality predictor (1–3) and, among hemodialysis (HD) patients, pulse pressure appears to be a stronger independent predictor of morbidity and mortality.
which of the following is not a community food and nutrition service
Explanation:
I could not find the options that are missing in your question but I will explain to you what terms like community good and nutrition service mean so you can find it by yourself.
Community food is considering fresh and healthy goods coming from low-income communities and farmers of good system workers who are making that food nutritious. People who are making community good are working together to bring improving food systems in their community. Nutrition service of ''The Food and Nutrition Service'' other called FNS is the federal agency that is managing nation's '' domestic nutrition assistance programs'' such as ''community food'' which is helping in addressing the issues of hunger in the country. How did the Pima regain their water rights? What has this accomplishment meant to the Pima? Why does Dr. Don Warne think that it might help the Pima become healthier?
In the text "Bad Sugar," we learn that the Pima are a tribe of Native Americans who have extremely high levels of diabetes. The prevalence of diabetes among them is as high as 50%. They refer to this as "bad sugar."
Dr. Don Wayne argues that part of the reason for this is the stress and the poverty that results from their social situation. Stress can cause chemicals such as cortisol, epinephrine and adrenaline, which cause sugar to rise and lead to a built up of glucose. It can also be linked to the food that they receive from the government. However, in recent years, the Pima have been able to regain some control over their land, particularly over the water of the Gila river thanks to the Arizona Water Settlements Act of 2004. This accomplishment has allowed the Pima to have more availability of resources, more successful agriculture and a stronger sense of community. All of these factors might help the Pima improve their health, and more importantly, prevent new cases of diabetes.
The Pima or Akimel O'odham (river people) and Maricopa people regained their water rights when the Arizona water settlement act was passed by Congress, in 2004.
The Act helped the Pima people to gain access to more water rights.
Dr. Warne also highlighted the improvement in cases of type II diabetes.
The problem originated mainly in 1935 when the Pima people were not given primary access to water over the non-tribal communities by the court in Tucson.
As a primary care physician of the Pima Indian population, Dr. Donald Warne was concerned about the rising cases of diabetes in the population of Pima people.
Dr. Warne was concerned about the type II diabetes risk associated with this population, which results when blood sugar levels rise and lead to several medical disorders. The re-gain of water right by the Gila River population helped in -
Controlling the rising epidemic and chronic health disorders. It has also aided in the cultural and economic boons in the agricultural industry. This provided access to 653,000 acre-foot water to Gila River tribal community. Also, to build a new irrigation system, the Gila River Indian Community received more than $850 million of federal funds.Other medical professionals were also concerned about the exponential rise in the rate of diseases due to malnutrition and less access to water.
In conclusion, regain of the water rights in 2004 due to the Arizona water settlement act helped improve the health conditions of the Pima people and the Gila River tribal community.
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A client with lung cancer has developed an intractable, nonproductive cough that is unrelieved by nonopioid antitussive agents. The physician orders codeine, 10 mg P.O. every 4 hours. Which statement accurately describes codeine?A. It's a centrally acting antitussive and doesn't cause dependence.B. It's a peripherally acting antitussive and doesn't cause dependence.C. It's a centrally acting antitussive and can cause dependence.D. It's a peripherally acting antitussive and can cause dependence.
Answer:
C) It's a centrally acting antitussive and can cause dependence.
Explanation:
Codeine is an opioid that is taken to relieve cough, pain and symptoms of diarrhea. It is a centrally acting drug because it acts directly on the central nervous system. It is referred to as an antitussive because it inhibits and relieve cough. Codeine can cause addiction especially when taken in large quantity without a doctor's prescription.
Answer:
C. It's a centrally acting antitussive and can cause dependence.
Explanation:
This is the correct statement that adequately explains codeine. Codeine is an opioid analgesic, which means that it is used to decrease pain by increasing the threshold for pain, this increasing the quality of life of patients. Codeine, like other opiates, is obtained from the poppy plant, Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae) However, codeine can be problematic because it can cause addiction.
Which drug would be most likely to block pain sensation during a minor medical procedure? Group of answer choices A drug that decreases the permeability of K+ channels at rest. A drug that raises the resting membrane potential of pain sensing neurons. A drug that activates ligand gated sodium channels. A drug that opens Cl- channels at rest. A drug that decreases the threshold of the voltage gated sodium channels on pain sensing neurons.
Answer:
1. A drug that raises the resting membrane potential of pain sensing neurons
2. A drug that opens Cl- channels at rest.
Explanation:
The pain is felt when the sensation of pain is perceived by the brain that is the sensation lies in the neurotransmission of the pain impulse to the brain. The drugs are prepared in a way that interferes with the transmission of the impulse.
The action potential in a neuron is generated when the neuron membrane is depolarised therefore the drug which could block the neuron from depolarization will be most effective.
Also, the drug which could open the chlorine ions will be most effective as the chloride ion influx will cause hyperpolarization which will be difficult to be depolarised.
Thus, the selected options are correct.