so basically when mitosis happens the DNA splits in half and goes to different parts of the cell and then the cell slowly gets pulled in half and then everything on the previous cell is on the two cells after mitosis is done but each organism would have half the amount of DNA as the original
Compare and contrast viruses and bacteria.
Answer:
Viruses and Bacteria
Explanation:
Bacteria are single-celled, prokaryotic microorganisms that exist in abundance in both living hosts and in all areas of the planet. By their nature, they can be either "good" or "bad" for the health of plants, humans, and other animals that come into contact with them. A virus is acellular (has no cell structure) and requires a living host to survive; it causes illness in its host, which causes an immune response. Bacteria are alive, while scientists are not yet sure if viruses are living or nonliving; in general, they are considered to be nonliving.
Infections caused by harmful bacteria can almost always be cured with antibiotics. While some viruses can be vaccinated against, most, such as HIV and the viruses which cause the common cold, are incurable, even if their symptoms can be treated, meaning the living host must have a strong enough immune system to survive the infection.
Viruses, much smaller than bacteria, rely on host cells to reproduce and share few characteristics with living organisms. They are simpler than bacteria, which are capable of independent reproduction and metabolic activities. The relationship between viruses and their hosts is critical to viral lifecycle strategies.
Explanation:Viruses are much smaller than bacteria; most viruses range from 5 to 300 nanometers, whereas bacteria typically measure between 1,000 to 2,000 millimicrons. This difference in size is because viruses have a simpler structure, consisting mainly of a nucleic acid core and a protein coat, while bacteria are complex, cellular organisms with a full suite of cellular machinery. As a result, viruses can only reproduce by infecting a host cell, contrasting with bacteria that can reproduce on their own. In terms of their biology, only certain characteristics of life are evident in viruses, as they exhibit parasitic replication and genetic variation, but they do not fit the conventional definition of life since they cannot carry out metabolic processes independently.
Viral vs. Bacterial Reproduction
The modes of reproduction for viruses and bacteria differ significantly. Viruses rely on a host's cellular machinery to replicate, injecting their genetic material into the cell and commandeering it to produce new viruses. Bacteria, in contrast, often reproduce independently through binary fission, a process in which a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells.
Living Characteristics and Viral Dependency
While viruses share some characteristics with living organisms, such as the ability to evolve, they are not considered alive because they do not have the cellular structure necessary to carry out metabolism without a host. A virus depends on a host cell for virtually all its life processes. For instance, the influenza virus maintains the viability of its host cell to ensure the successful production and release of new viral particles.
The Nature of Viruses
A virus, such as a phage, is an acellular entity that typically comprises two main components: genetic material and a protective protein coat. By acting only within living cells, viruses exhibit a level of opportunistic survival strategy, highlighting the intricate relationships they maintain with their biological host environments.
Which was NOT discovered by Galileo
The two moons of Mars.Answer:B
Answer:
I believe it is B
Explanation:
Where is frost wedging most likely to occur?
Answer:
rost wedging is a form of physical weathering that involves the physical breaking of a rock. It typically occurs in areas with extremely cold conditions with sufficient rainfall. The repeated freezing and thawing of water found in the cracks of rocks (called joints) pushes the rock to the breaking point.
Explanation:
The frost wedging occurs in extreme cold climates and in areas of extensive rainfall.
Explanation:
Frost wedging is a concept that occurs due to the expansion of water to ice, water is a liquid matter thereby the molecules in it are loosely filled whereas it expands when it becomes ice as the molecules compact each other to a solid matter. This causes cracks in the areas this water is filled for instance the cracks in the rocks or pipe hedges etc.
whats the middle layer of the ocean
Answer:
Bathypelagic Zone
Explanation:
This zone occurs above the Abyssopelagic zone and below the Mesopelagic zone. The zone is dark because little light reached this region. Only a small proportion of the higher frequency visible light (red light)reaches this region. The sea creatures in this region will be predominantly back or red in color.
In a series of experiments, Avery treated heat-killed nonvirulent S bacteria with enzymes that degraded the proteins, DNA, and RNA of the S bacteria, then mixed this with nonvirulent R bacteria. S cells grew in all cases except the samples with degraded DNA. What did this demonstrate?
A. Protein, DNA, and RNA from the S bacteria are all necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
B. Protein from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
C. DNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
D. RNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
Answer:
The answer is C. DNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
Explanation:
When heat-killed nonvirulent S bacteria will be treated with enzymes that degraded DNA it will destroy the genetic information required for cell survival. DNA is very essential for an organism and is called the molecule of life. DNA degradation is also a part of cell death called apoptosis. That's why all the samples grew except the one where DNA was enzymatically degraded.
Answer:
C. DNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
Explanation:
Penn foster
What is the function of the excretory system? :)
A: transport nutrients
B:break down food
C: remove waste
D: respiration
Hi!
It would be C, remove waste.
Hope this helps!
I'm pretty sure it's c.
What are the limits to cell growth?
Answer:
so surface area is the limit
Explanation:
As a cell grows, its volume increases at a faster rate than its surface area. Therefore, the volume of a cell is limited by its surface area, which is directly related to its ability to permeate required materials through its membrane. Surface area limits the diffusion of nutrients into the cell.
The limits to cell growth include the Hayflick limit, which restricts the number of times cells can divide, and the inefficiency of diffusion over long distances, which imposes a size limitation. Additionally, overall growth is constrained by factors leading to saturation, where further increases may not promote or may even hinder growth.
Cells cannot grow indefinitely due to several critical factors. The Hayflick limit is a fundamental limit on the number of times cells can divide. This concept demonstrates that cells have a numerical limit to division, after which they can no longer proliferate. This limit is closely associated with the mechanical wear and tear analogy, where, just like mechanical devices, cells "wear out" over time through repeated cycles of division.
Regarding cell size, there are upper and lower size limits. The distance travelled by substances within the cell places an upper limit on cell size due to the inefficiency of diffusion over longer distances. This limitation means that large cells would be unable to efficiently transport nutrients and waste, leading to the necessity for cells to either remain small or change shape for better diffusion efficiency. Conversely, there is a lower limit to cell size determined by the need to house essential cellular machinery, such as DNA, ribosomes, and enzymes, within the cell.
When it comes to overall growth, factors such as nutrient availability, environmental conditions, and physical space impose limitations. These factors can encourage growth up to a point, known as saturation, beyond which growth either plateaus or declines due to toxicity or resource depletion. This phenomenon highlights the delicate balance organisms must maintain to support growth within the constraints of their environment.
explain how biochemical evidence, including dna, helps scientists to learn about early life on earth
Answer: Biochemical evidence such as fossil records, geological evidence, comparative anatomy, similar selective pressures, and molecular evidence all prove evolution and indicate the conditions in which early life resided on earth.
Explanation:
Fossil records- transitional forms of modern and ancient creatures imply the time periods of evolution and the environmental factors which forced those changes.
Geological evidence- (e.g. continental drift) can reveal the geographic conditions of ancient environments and the resulting interactions of different life forms.
Comparative anatomy- connects closely related species through similar physical structures.
Selective pressures- different organisms exhibited similar behavioral changes, indicating common ancient geological pressures.
Molecular evidence- organisms with related DNA prove ancient connections between species.
Biochemical evidence like fossils, anatomical comparisons between organisms, molecular tests, continental drift, similarity traits explain the evolution and early circumstances in which life started on the Earth.
The following are the evidences which helps scientists to learn about early life on Earth:
Fossil records are evidence that shows the difference between early life and present-day life on Earth.Continental drift tells about the geological condition and the distribution of life on the different regions of the Earth.Anatomical comparison among closely related organisms through studying physical attributes gives evidence about ancestors.The molecular test gives a relation between closely related species with the help of DNA examinations.
Therefore, biochemical evidence help researchers in learning about the early life on the Earth.
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In the P generation a tall plant was crossed with a short plant l. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation because?
Final answer:
Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation because they inherited two recessive alleles for shortness after the F1 generation plants self-pollinated and segregated alleles during gamete formation.
Explanation:
Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation of Mendel's experiments because the trait for shortness, although hidden in the F1 generation, is a recessive trait that can manifest when two recessive alleles are present.
In Mendel's first experiment, a tall plant (dominant trait) was crossed with a short plant (recessive trait), resulting in F1 offspring that were all tall because they had one tall allele and one short allele (Tt), with the tall trait being dominant.
When the F1 generation plants self-pollinated, some of their offspring (F2 generation) received two short alleles (tt). According to Mendel's law of segregation, these F2 offspring exhibited the short phenotype because they lacked the dominant tall allele.
A scientist took a boat trip across the Atlantic. On his voyage, he found a lizard, but was unsure of the species. He used his dichotomous key because he wanted to know where the lizard came from, so he could return it to that general area.
Answer:
D. for classifying organisms and studying biodiversity
Explanation:
A and C are irrelevant because there was only one organism to observe therefore the scientist could not observe how it interacted with others. B is irrelevant because the scientist did not have an ecosystem to observe.
A dichotomous key is an important scientific tool. Based on observable trait, it is used to identify different organisms. As the scientist used this tool to determine lizard, this implies that the purpose for classifying the organism and studying biodiversity, i.e., option D.
What is dichotomous key?Dichotomous keys consist of characters along with two choices in each step that helps scientists for proper and correct identification.
It can be complex or simple depending upon the organism.
As the scientist wants to identify the lizard this implies that the purpose for classifying the organism and studying biodiversity.
Thus, the correct option is D.
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What could happen if a person doesn’t get the proper amount of protein in his or her diet?
Not consuming enough protein can cause muscle cramps, weakness, and soreness
The body would break down existing muscle to get the amino acids it needs.
What is the function of cartilage in adult bones?
allowing flexibility in joints
preventing friction between bones
connecting bones to bones
storing calcium and phosphorus
Answer:
preventing friction between bones
The correct answer is B. Preventing friction between bones
Explanation:
Cartilage is a soft, and elastic tissue that protects the end of bones in articulations; although this tissue also forms structures such as the ear. In the case of cartilage in bones, the main function of this is to act as a protector for the bones by reducing the friction between them. For example, cartilage is found in the joints. This is necessary because bones are hard structures and direct friction between them would lead to deterioration of the bones. According to this, the main function of cartilage is preventing friction between bones.
pneumothorax is a condition in which a puncture has allowed aur to enter the chest cavity. the air puts pressure on the lungs preventing them from expanding. why would this cause short and shallow inspiration?
A) lung volume cannot decrease as much and so air pressure cannot increase
B) lung volume cannot increase as much and so air pressure cannot decrease
C) lung volume cannot increase as much and so air pressure cannot increase
D) lung volume cannot decrease as much and so air pressure cannot decrease
I think its b because it can hurt your tissues and it will cause you not to breathe
Answer:
B) lung volume cannot increase as much and so air pressure cannot decrease
Explanation:
If air will enter the chest cavity then lung will not find proper space to expand. As we all know that pressure and volume both have inverse relation that means an increase in volume leads to decrease in pressure. In short, if volume increases, pressure decreases.
In normal condition, if air enters lungs, the lungs withstand the increased air pressure by expanding themselves. Expansion of lungs volume reduce the pressure which air exerts on them.
But, in pneumothorax condition since the chest cavity where lungs are situated is filled with air so when air will enter the lungs, the lungs will not find required space to expand and air pressure will not decrease leading to short and shallow inspiration.
Penelope is adding fractions while taking a math test. What part of her brain is at work?
Answer:
Cerebrum it helps you think to solve problems and its also helps you read and write, and, learn. Hope this help you :)
Answer:
The correct answer to the question: What part of her brain is at work, when Penelope is adding fractions while taking a math test, is a complex one, and now science knows that there is not one, but three regions that act together in all mathematical activities: the posterior parietal cortex, ventrotemporal occipital cortex and the prefrontal cortex.
Explanation:
According to the latest research studies in neuroscience, and published in such journals as the Journal of Neuroscience, it has been discovered that, unlike what it used to be believed, that there was one simple place where mathematical thinking was performed, now there are three regions of the brain that carry out this process. These three, and depending on their size and number of grey matter, will ensure more, or less, mathematical skills, in a person. These three regions are interconnected and act together whenever a person is facing mathematical problem-solving.
what is the Photic zone?
Answer:
The Photic Zone is the surface layer of the ocean that receives the sunlight.
Explanation:
A trait has two alleles, represented by p and q. If p = 0.89, what is q?
The answer is 0.11. I just did the quiz on Apex.
Final answer:
To find the frequency of allele q when p is 0.89, we subtract p from 1, resulting in q = 0.11, in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg principle that states p + q = 1.
Explanation:
If the trait in question has two alleles, represented by p and q, and p is given as 0.89, we can find q by using the Hardy-Weinberg principle, which states that p + q = 1 for a population in genetic equilibrium. Since we know the value of p, we can subtract it from 1 to get the value of q.
q = 1 - p = 1 - 0.89 = 0.11.
So, the frequency of allele q is 0.11.
1. The organized set of procedures used to solve a problem or answer a question is called the scientific ________. method experiment 2. How many variables are tested in any controlled experiment? one two three 3. _______ is measured on a balance in grams.
Answer:
1. scientific method
2. two
3. independent variable
Who secures a crime scene?
A. Coroner's Assistant
B. Paramedic
C. Detective
D. Police Officer
I think it is a police officer, correct me if I am wrong.
I believe it’s a detective
If events A and B are DEPENDENT, then A) A and B must occur together. B) A and B cannot occur together. C) A's occurrence can affect the probability of B's occurrence. D) A's occurrence cannot affect the probability of B's occurrence.
Final answer:
If events A and B are dependent, it means that A's occurrence can affect the probability of B's occurrence.
Explanation:
If events A and B are dependent, it means that A's occurrence can affect the probability of B's occurrence. In other words, the probability of B happening is not the same whether A happens or not. For example, let's say event A is rolling an even number on a fair die and event B is rolling a number greater than 4. If event A occurs and we roll an even number, the probability of event B happening (rolling a number greater than 4) is now reduced, because there are fewer numbers greater than 4 among the even numbers. Therefore, the correct answer is C) A's occurrence can affect the probability of B's occurrence.
Mammals reproduce through a process called sexual reproduction. During this process, which involves two A.
a female egg cell and a male sperm cell each develop separately into an offspring that is different from both parents.
B.
a female egg cell combines with a male sperm cell to make an offspring that is identical to one of the parents.
C.
a female egg cell and a male sperm cell each develop separately into an offspring that is identical to its parent.
D.
a female egg cell combines with a male sperm cell to make an offspring that is different from both parents.
parents
With sexual reproduction a sperm coming from the male must unite with the female egg. Both are needed for this kind of reproduction, and an offspring CAN'T be formed without both. Unlike asexual reproduction, the offspring of a mammal reproducing sexually is DIFFERENT from both parents, since the offspring is a combination of both the mother and the father.
An easy to remember example I use when thinking about what sexual reproduction is:
the formation of a human child. A mother with her egg and the father with the sperm is BOTH needed. If you think about siblings that come from the same parents (and therefore same gene pool) they are not all exactly identical to each other. Although they may have similar features, they look different and are NOT genetically identical
Therefor for your question the answer is D.
Hope this helped!
Answer:
D. a female egg cell combines with a male sperm cell to make an offspring that is different from both parents
Explanation:
put the following in order from oldest to most recently evolved: gymnosperms,angiasperms, seedless vascular plants, algae, and nonvasculr plants
Algae, nonvascular plants, seedless vascular plants, gymnosperms, angiosperms
Can you please help.....?????!!!!!!!!
Answer:
use of fossil fuels..........
because we use it as petrol and C.N.G and diesel
Which of these is the source of nutrients for an autotroph?
Answer:
inorganic substance
Explanation:
Answer:
inorganic substances
Explanation:
How do mutations occur in the genetic code
Answer:
Mutations in genetic code occurs when DNA is being duplicated.Any changes in the base pairs leads to mutations by trasition or transversion. Change in amino acid leads to change in sequence and thus, mutation. This si carried on to new generation, if it takes place in germ cells.
Mutations occur in the genetic code by substitution, deletion, insertion, duplication, insertion, and translocation.
Substitution: A nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide, resulting in a change in the DNA sequence. Insertion: An extra nucleotide is inserted into the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame.
Deletion: A nucleotide is deleted from the DNA sequence, causing a shift in the reading frame.
Duplication: A segment of DNA is duplicated, leading to an increase in the number of copies of a particular DNA sequence.
Inversion: A segment of DNA is flipped in orientation, changing the order of nucleotides.
Translocation: Genetic material is exchanged between non-homologous chromosomes, resulting in the rearrangement of genetic sequences.
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How can a change that occurs downstream in a river ecosystem (that is, a dam) affect the rest of that ecosystem?
The dams are very useful for the people and their needs, but they also very often cause problems in the ecosystems in the rivers on which they are built on. For starters, the dams limit the movement of the species, as well as the movement of the nutrients, and considering the fact that this effects the lifestyle of certain species, as well as changing the nutritional quality of the water, it heavily affects the ecosystem. The water upward from the dam is accumulated, and because its movement is largely stopped, the water is more stagnant. The more stagnant water is getting warmer much more easily, so the temperature change of it results in change in the habitat of the species, often resulting in destabilizing the ecosystem, with some species dying out, while others exploding in numbers.
Liquids have _____.
fixed shapes and volumes
fixed shapes and variable volumes
variable shapes and fixed volumes
variable shapes and variable volumes
variable shapes and variable volumes
Liquids have a definite volume but their shape is variable and conforms to the shape of the container they are in.
Explanation:Liquids are one of the three common states or phases of matter. Unlike solids which have a definite shape and volume, liquids have a fixed volume but do not have a fixed shape. Instead, liquids take on the shape of their container. This is because the molecules in a liquid are not locked in place; they are bonded to neighboring molecules but have the ability to move freely with respect to each other while still being in close contact, which leads to a definite volume but no specific shape. Gases, on the other hand, have neither a specific shape nor a definite volume.
The importers and the Los Angeles residents would likely agree that A) the return of the smog is linked to the burning of fossil fuels. B) the rise in number of both incoming and outgoing airplanes and ships. C) hot summers, which lead to increased use of air conditioning, is the root of the problem. D) increased use farm equipment, power generators, and train engines are responsible for the return of the smog.
Answer:
The answer is A. The return of the smog is linked to the burning of fossil fuels.
Explanation:
Smog is a condition of air pollution where the smoke is mixed with the Fog. The main reason for increasing smog is burning of fossil fuel like coal and petroleum. Smog is clearly visible and contain toxic compounds like sulfur oxide and nitrogen oxide and other particles. Smog not only cause problem for vision it also cause serious respiratory problems like asthma.
What is the ultimate source of energy for plants
Sunlight because all plants need sunlight to produce food
Throughout history, which of these is an ecological impact associated with agriculture?
Answer:
soil erosion is the answer
What part of the cell does the electron transport chain take place?
A. Golgi apparatus B. Mitochondria C. Nucleolus D. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: Mitochondria.
Explanation: The electron transport chains is a process that is used for extracting energy by oxidation of NADH and FADH molecules produced during Glycolysis and Kreb's Cycle.
Energy released during ETC is used for the formation of ATP molecules.The ETC takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane in Eukaryotes.
Answer:
Mitochondria
Explanation:
The electron transport chains is a process that is used for extracting energy by oxidation of NADH and FADH molecules produced during Glycolysis and Kreb's Cycle.
Energy released during ETC is used for the formation of ATP molecules.The ETC takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane in Eukaryotes.