Sharing electrons between atoms indicates an ionic bond.

A. True
B. False

Answer:

organism, population, community, ecosystem

Explanation:

Answer: Organism, Population, Community, and lastly Ecosystem

Explanation: Organism is one living thing. Population is a group of organisms of one type that live together. Communities are populations that live together in an area. Ecosystem is a community with its non living surroundings.

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Answer:

Ozone holes could begin to shrink in size.

Explanation:

The use of CFCs today is one of the anthropogenic causes of ozone depletion. CFCs are found in Air conditioners, refrigerators and are excellent coolants.

When CFCs are released into the atmosphere, they react spontaneously with ozone.

Ozone is made up of 3 oxygen atoms and it serves as a protective covering for the very harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the earth. Ozone cuts off these radiation and it reflects them back into space.

Chloroflurocarbons release Chlroine atoms when they get broken down by ultraviolet rays. The Cl released produces a series of reactions in the presence of ozone.

Chlorine is very reactive as it is an halogen. It requires just an electron to complete its octet.

Chlorine freely reacts with the ozone producing a range of compounds. Most of the ozone becomes oxygen molecules.

This would deplete the ozone greatly. The increasing use of CFCs leaves holes in the ozone layer. The holes allow for harmful UV rays to reach the earth surface. This can lead to various harm on human lives on the earth surface.

This is why CFCs are not permitted in appliances again.

In the electrolysis of 1.0 M aqueous HBr, hydrogen gas is formed at the cathode, while bromine gas and hydroxide ions are formed at the anode.

In the electrolysis of 1.0 M aqueous HBr, the following products are formed: hydrogen gas (H2) at the cathode, and bromine gas (Br2) and hydroxide ions (OH-) at the anode.

At the cathode, reduction occurs where two hydrogen ions (H+) gain electrons to form hydrogen gas:

2H+ + 2e- -> H2

At the anode, oxidation occurs where bromide ions (Br-) lose electrons to form bromine gas and hydroxide ions:

2Br- - 2e- -> Br2

2H2O - 4e- -> 4OH- + O2

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To find the empirical formula of a compound with 9.1 g of lithium and 10.4 g of oxygen, we calculate the moles of each element and express their ratio in the simplest whole numbers. The empirical formula is determined to be Li₂O.

To calculate the empirical formula of a compound formed from lithium and oxygen, we need to determine the moles of each element present in the 9.1 grams of lithium and 10.4 grams of oxygen. The molar mass of lithium (Li) is approximately 6.94 g/mol, and the molar mass of oxygen (O) is about 16.00 g/mol.

First, we calculate the moles of lithium:
Moles of Li = mass (g) ÷ molar mass (g/mol) = 9.1 g ÷ 6.94 g/mol = 1.31 moles of Li

Next, we calculate the moles of oxygen:
Moles of O = mass (g) ÷ molar mass (g/mol) = 10.4 g ÷ 16.00 g/mol = 0.65 moles of O

Now we determine the simplest whole number ratio of the elements in the compound:
Li to O ratio = 1.31 moles of Li ÷ 0.65 moles of O = 2:1

Therefore, the empirical formula is Li₂O

The answer is sharp spines and waxy stems. Hope this helped.

Answer:

Explanation:

Givens

P = 1.25 atm

V = 5.4 L

P1 = 3 atm

V1 = ??

Formula

The basic formula is P*V = P1 * V1

Solution

1.25 * 5.4 = 3 * V1

6.75 = 3*V1

6.75 /3 = 3*V1/3

2.25 = V1

Hydroxide ion concentration is less this statement is true about the relative concentration of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in an acidic solution.

Hence, Option (D) is correct answer.

pH is used to measure whether the substance is acidic, basic or neutral and the range is 0 - 14. If the pH is less than 7 then the solution is acidic in nature. If the pH is more than 7 then the solution is basic in nature. If the pH is equal to 7 then the solution is neutral in nature.

Acidic solution means the pH of the solution is less than 7. When the solution has pH less than 7 it shows that the hydrogen ion concentration is higher than the hydroxide ion concentration.

Thus, from the above conclusion we can say that Hydroxide ion concentration is less this statement is true about the relative concentration of hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions in an acidic solution.

Hence, Option (D) is correct answer.

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In an acidic solution, the concentration of hydrogen or hydronium ions is greater, and as a result, the concentration of hydroxide ions is less.

In an acidic solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) or hydronium ions (H3O+) is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-). This is due to the ionization of the acid in water, which adds more hydrogen ions into the solution, leading to a proportionally lower concentration of hydroxide ions. As per Le Châtelier's principle, the reaction equilibrium of water autoionization shifts to the left, which reduces the concentration of hydroxide ions. Therefore, the correct answer is d: Hydroxide-ion concentration is less.

Answer:

Star A

Explanation:

Based on the information provided, we can determine that the color of a star is related to its surface temperature, with hotter stars appearing more blue and cooler stars appearing more red.

Looking at the graph, we can see that the stars along the left side of the graph (with negative values on the x-axis) are hotter than the stars on the right side of the graph. Therefore, Star A, which has coordinates of 20,000 and -4, is hotter than Star B, which has coordinates of 2,500 and -4.

Comparing the coordinates of Star A to the lines representing the different types of stars, we can see that it falls on the line for main sequence stars. Main sequence stars are typically white or blue-white in color, so Star A is most likely to be blue.

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Star D is most likely to be blue, as it has a high surface temperature compared to the other stars listed (7,000 degrees Celsius) and aligns with the typical characteristics of blue stars.

The color of a star is closely related to its surface temperature. Hotter stars tend to appear bluer, while cooler stars appear redder.

Looking at the provided coordinates for the stars:

- Star A has coordinates (20,000, -4), indicating a high surface temperature.

- Star B has coordinates (2,500, -4), indicating a lower surface temperature.

- Star C has coordinates (5,000, 2), indicating a moderate surface temperature.

- Star D has coordinates (7,000, 4), indicating a relatively high surface temperature.

Among the given stars, Star A and Star D have the highest surface temperatures, making them more likely to appear blue. However, between these two, Star D has an even higher temperature, making it the most likely to be blue. Therefore, Star D is the star most likely to be blue.

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Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{bp =100.106 }^{\circ}\text{C; fp = -0.387 }^{\circ}\text{C; bp =101.68 }^{\circ}\text{C}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Q8. Boiling point

Data:

m(KOH) = 53.1 g

m(H₂O) = 9.10 kg

    K_b = 0.512 °C·kg·mol⁻¹

Calculations:

(a) Moles of KOH

[tex]\text{Moles of KOH} = \text{53.1 g KOH} \times \dfrac{\text{1 mol KOH}}{\text{56.11 g KOH}} = \text{0.9464 mol KOH}[/tex]

(b) Molal concentration

The formula for molal concentration (b) is

[tex]b = \dfrac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{kilograms of solvent}} = \dfrac{0.9464}{9.1} = \text{0.104 mol/kg}[/tex]

(c) Boiling point elevation

The formula for the boiling point elevation ΔTb is

[tex]\Delta T_{b} = iK_{b}b[/tex]

i is the van’t Hoff factor: the number of moles of particles you get from a solute.

For KOH,

 KOH(s)  ⟶     K⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)

1 mol KOH ⟶ 2 mol particles   i = 1

[tex]\Delta T_{b} = 2 \times 0.512 \times 0.104 = \text{0.106 }^{\circ}\text{C}[/tex]

(d) Boiling point

[tex]T_{b} = T_{b}^{\circ} + \Delta T_{b} = 100.000 + 0.106 = \text{100.106 }^{\circ}\text{C}[/tex]

Q9. Freezing point  

[tex]\Delta T_{f} = iK_{f}b = 2 \times 1.86 \times 0.104 = \text{0.387 }^{\circ}\text{C}\\\\T_{f} = T_{f}^{\circ} - \Delta T_{f} = 0.000 - 0.387 = \text{-0.387 }^{\circ}\text{C}[/tex]

Q10. Boiling point

[tex]\text{Kilograms of phenol} = 645 \times \dfrac{1}{1000} = \text{0.645 kg phenol}\\\\b = \dfrac{0.910}{0.645} = \text{1.411 mol/kg}\\\\\Delta T_{b} = 1\times 1.19 \times 1.411 = \text{1.68 }^{\circ}\text{C}\\T_{b} = 100.00 + 1.68 = \text{101.68 }^{\circ}\text{C}[/tex]

Answer:

I think it is high and electric

Explanation:

Answer:

strong conductivity of plasma allows it to act and react as electric and magnetic fields.

Answer:

False.

Explanation:

Snow forms when tiny ice crystals in clouds stick together to make snowflakes.

Answer:

what he said lol.

Explanation:

Answer:

299.14 K or 26°C

Explanation:

The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas.

The ideal gas law is often written as

PV = nRT

where P ,V and T are the pressure, volume and absolute temperature;

n is the number of moles of gas and  R is the ideal gas constant.

n=1.10 x 10^5 mol  

V= 2.70 x 10^6 L  

P= 1.00 atm= 101.325 kPa  

R= 8.314 kPa*L/ mol*K

when the formula is  rearranged, T=PV/ nR  

T = (101.325kPa * 2.70 x 10^6 L)/ (1.10 x 10^5 mol * 8.314 kPa*L/ mol*K)  

T = 299.1421917 K

or

T = 299.14 - 273.15 = 25.99 =  26°C

Using the Ideal Gas law, we find the temperature T = ((1.00 atm)*(2.70x10^6 L))/((1.10x10^5 mol)*(0.0821 L.atm/K.mol)). Calculating that gives you the temperature (in Kelvin) of the helium in the balloon.

In that case, you're being asked to find the temperature of helium inside a weather balloon. The Ideal Gas Law (PV=nRT) will be useful here, where P is the pressure (1 atm), V is the volume (2.7x10 to the power of 6 L), n is the number of moles of helium (1.10x10 to the given power of 5 mol), R is the gas constant (0.0821 L.atm/K.mol) and T is the temperature which we need to calculate.

So, the Ideal Gas Law becomes: (1.00 atm)*(2.70x10^6 L) = (1.10x10^5 mol)*(0.0821 L.atm/K.mol)*T

Solving for T by isolating it on one side gives T = ((1.00 atm)*(2.70x10^6 L))/((1.10x10^5 mol)*(0.0821 L.atm/K.mol))

Calculating that should give you the temperature (in Kelvin) of the helium in the balloon.

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Answer:

D.

Explanation:

Nuclear energy does not have greenhouse gas emissions. The emissions produced by nuclear fission plants are similar to renewable energy sources.The generation of power using nuclear energy does not affect air quality thus providing a clean source of energy.Nuclear energy originates from radioactive material which are harmful to living organisms.

Answer:

D. risk from radioactive material; benefit of obtaining low-cost energy

Explanation:

I just took the test. Ap*x

Answer:

The volume of hydrogen gas produced will be approximately 50.7 liters under STP.

Explanation:

Relative atomic mass data from a modern periodic table:

Magnesium is a reactive metal. It reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce

The chemical equation will be something like

[tex]\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl \;(aq)\to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ [\text{Formula of the Salt}][/tex],

where the coefficients and the formula of the salt are to be found.

To determine the number of moles of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex] that will be produced, first find the formula of the salt, magnesium chloride.

Magnesium is a group 2 metal. The oxidation state of magnesium in compounds tends to be +2.

On the other hand, the charge on each chloride ion is -1. Each magnesium ion needs to pair up with two chloride ions for the charge to balance in the salt, magnesium chloride. The formula for the salt will be [tex]\rm MgCl_2[/tex].

[tex]\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ ?\;MgCl_2\;(aq)[/tex].

Balance the equation. [tex]\rm MgCl_2[/tex] contains the largest number of atoms among all species in this reaction. Start by setting its coefficient to 1.

[tex]\rm ?\;Mg\;(s) + ?\;HCl\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {\bf 1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq)[/tex].

The number of [tex]\rm Mg[/tex] and [tex]\rm Cl[/tex] atoms shall be the same on both sides. Therefore

[tex]\rm {\bf 1\;Mg}\;(s) + {\bf 2\;HCl}\;(aq) \to ?\;H_2 \;(g)+ {1\;\underset{\wedge}{Mg}\underset{\wedge}{Cl_2}}\;(aq)[/tex].

The number of [tex]\rm H[/tex] atoms shall also conserve. Hence the equation:

[tex]\rm {1\;Mg}\;(s) + {2\;\underset{\wedge}{H}Cl}\;(aq) \to {\bf 1\;H_2 \;(g)}+ {1\;MgCl_2}\;(aq)[/tex].

How many moles of HCl are available?

[tex]M(\rm HCl) = 1.008 + 35.45 = 36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}[/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle n({\rm HCl}) = \frac{m(\text{HCl})}{M(\text{HCl})} = \rm \frac{165.0\;g}{36.458\;g\cdot mol^{-1}} = 4.52576\;mol[/tex].

How many moles of Hydrogen gas will be produced?

Refer to the balanced chemical equation, the coefficient in front of [tex]\rm HCl[/tex] is 2 while the coefficient in front of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex] is 1. In other words, it will take two moles of [tex]\rm HCl[/tex] to produce one mole of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex]. [tex]\rm 4.52576\;mol[/tex] of [tex]\rm HCl[/tex] will produce only one half as much [tex]\rm H_2[/tex].

Alternatively, consider the ratio between the coefficient in front of [tex]\rm H_2[/tex] and [tex]\rm HCl[/tex] is:

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}[/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle n(\text{H}_2) = n(\text{HCl})\cdot \frac{n(\text{H}_2)}{n(\text{HCl})} = \frac{1}{2}\;n(\text{HCl}) = \rm \frac{1}{2}\times 4.52576\;mol = 2.26288\;mol[/tex].

What will be the volume of that many hydrogen gas?

One mole of an ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 liters under STP (where the pressure is 1 atm.) On certain textbook where STP is defined as [tex]\rm 1.00\times 10^{5}\;Pa[/tex], that volume will be 22.7 liters.

[tex]V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.4\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 50.69\; L[/tex], or

[tex]V(\text{H}_2) = \rm 2.26288\;mol\times 22.7\;L\cdot mol^{-1} = 51.37\; L[/tex].

The value "165.0 grams" from the question comes with four significant figures. Keep more significant figures than that in calculations. Round the final result to four significant figures.

Answer:

The relationship shown is cordial relationship

Answer:

16.4 L

Explanation:

we can use the combined gas law equation that gives the relationship among volume, temperature and pressure conditions of gases.

P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2

STP conditions are standard temperature and pressure conditions

P1 is standard pressure = 1 atm , T1 is standard temperature = 273 K

and V1 is the volume

P2 is pressure, T2 is temperature and V2 is volume at the second instance

temperature is in kelvin scale,

512 ° + 273 = 785 K

substituting the values in the equation

1 atm x 10.0 L / 273 K = 1.75 atm x V / 785 K

V = 16.4 L

new volume is 16.4 L

Answer:

Explanation:

Material A has a melting point of 34°C

Material B has a melting point of 56°C

Both materials, lets say a metal have been subjected to a temperature of 50°C

After a period of time, both of them would have melted to their liquid state.

The atoms of the solids would vibrates and the bonds would begin to break to form melt.

Material A would be the first to melt as it has a lower melting point. The lower the melting point, the faster and quicker it would reach its melting temperature.

Material B would need to accumulate more heat and its temperature would continue to rise for the phase change to occur. As it reaches the 50°C mark, the bonds are set free and a melt forms.

Answer:

4.8 atm.

Explanation:

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.

V is the volume of the gas in L.

n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.

R is the general gas constant,

T is the temperature of the gas in K.

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₁ = 10.0 atm, V₁ = 318.0 L.

P₂ = ??? atm, V₂ = 662.5 L.

∴ P₂ = P₁V₁/V₂ = (10.0 atm)(318.0 L)/(662.5 L) = 4.8 atm.

Answer:

By definition, the first ionization energy of an element is the energy needed to remove the outermost, or highest energy, electron from a neutral atom in the gas phase. The process by which the first ionization energy of hydrogen is measured would be represented by the following equation.

Explanation:

Answer:

22.3 mol

Explanation:

He is in STP conditions

This means that it is in standard conditions of temperature and pressure, under these conditions the pressure has a value of 1 atm and the temperature has a value of 273 K

To calculate the number of moles in 500L of He gas we use the ideal gas equation

[tex]P.V=n.r.T\\r(constant of ideal gases)= 0.082\frac{atm.L}{K.mol}[/tex]

We cleared the moles (n)

[tex]P.V=nr.T\\\frac{P.V}{r.T}=n\\\frac{1atm.500L}{0.082atm.L/K.mol.273K}=n\\\\22.3 mol=n[/tex]

The number of moles in 500 L of He gas at STP 22.3 mol

The number of moles in 500 L of helium (He) gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is approximately 22.32, based on the standard molar volume concept of chemistry.

The number of moles in 500 L of He gas at STP can be determined using the standard molar volume, which states that at standard temperature and pressure (STP), one mole of any ideal gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L. In this case, to find the moles of helium gas, you would use the formula n = V/V_m, where n is the number of moles, V is the volume of the gas, and V_m is the molar volume at STP.

Substituting the given values into the equation: n = 500 L/22.4 L/mol = 22.32 moles.So, there are approximately 22.32 moles of helium gas in 500 L at STP.

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Answer:

1111.5L

Explanation:

Answer:

The word dynamic is used to describe chemical equilibrium because even though the concentration of reactants and products remains constant, the reaction does not stop, but still continues with the rate of forward reaction equal to the rate of backward reaction. This is opposed to static equilibrium where there is no reaction at all.

Hope this helps you out!

The word dynamic is used to describe chemical equilibrium because, despite concentrations of reactants and products being constant, reactions continue in both directions at the same rate, indicating continuous exchange.

Given the fact that the concentrations of reactants and products are not changing, the word dynamic is used to describe chemical equilibrium because, at this state, the forward and reverse reactions are happening at the same rate. Even though there is no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products, reactions continue to occur in both directions. This means that molecules of reactants are constantly being converted into products at the same rate as products are being converted back into reactants, maintaining a constant concentration of both. Therefore, the equilibrium is dynamic because the reactants and products are in a state of continuous, but balanced, exchange.

Answer:their particles are more spread out than others

Explanation:

Answer:

Number 2

Explanation:

Their particles are more spread out than the particles of the other states

Answer:

c. shampoo

Explanation:

The way the brain works is that you learn from repetition, the more you do something the better you get at it. So the more you review the first 20 elements on the periodic table, the more often you'll be able to remember it until you're about to recount them without hardly thinking of it.

My advice to you is to grab some pieces of paper. Cut them up into sixths until you have twenty of them, then write down on each smaller piece of paper the numbers 1 up to 20. Then on the other side of the paper, write down the element. Do this in accordance to their position on the periodic table. Then spend some time guessing as to what element is on the other side of the numbered paper. You'll start guessing, "the first element is Hydrogen. The second element is Helium." And so on. Rinse and repeat until you're able to guess the element depending on its placement on the periodic table. Good luck!

Happy. – H Hydrogen

Henry – He Helium

Lives – Li Lithium

Beside – Be Beryllium

Born – B Boron

Cottage – C Carbon

Near – N Nitrogen

Our – O Oxygen

Friend – F Fluorine.

Nelly – Ne Neon

Nancy – Na Sodium

Mg – Mg Magnesium

Allen – Al Aluminum

Silly – Si Silicon

Patrick – P Phosphorus

Stays – S Sulphur

Close – Cl Chlorine

Arthur – Ar Argon

Kisses – K Potassium

Carrie – Ca Calcium

Hope this helps :)

Answer:

The correct answer option A.

Explanation:

The reaction rate is determined experimentally for different concentrations of the reactants. These data indicate that by changing the concentration of Nh4 + or NO2-, the reaction rate changes. If the concentration of Nh4 + is doubled, keeping constant at NO2- the reaction rate is doubled, and if the concentration of that same reactant is changed by a factor of 4, it is quadrupled, and so on. If the concentration of NO2- is now modified in the same way as the previous one, it is observed that it also changes the reaction rate in this way. And he overall dependence of the reaction on the concentration will be the same for both reactants.

Therefore the reaction rate is proportional to the concentration of Nh4 + and NO2-.

The answer is:

The new temperature will be equal to 4 K.

[tex]T_{2}=4K[/tex]

We are given the volume, the first temperature and the new volume after the gas is compressed. To calculate the new temperature after the gas was compressed, we need to use Charles's Law.

Charles's Law establishes a relationship between the volume and the temperature at a gas while its pressure is constant.

Now, to calculate the new temperature we need to assume that the pressure is kept constant, otherwise, the problem would not have a solution.

From Charle's Law, we have:

[tex]\frac{V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\frac{V_{2}}{T_{2}}[/tex]

So, we are given the following information:

[tex]V_{1}=500mL\\T_{1}=20K\\V_{2}=100mL[/tex]

Then, isolating the new temperature and substituting the given information, we have:

[tex]\frac{V_{1}}{T_{1}}=\frac{V_{2}}{T_{2}}[/tex]

[tex]T_{2}=\frac{T_{1}}{V_{1}}*V_{2} \\[/tex]

[tex]T_{2}=\frac{20.00K}{500mL}*100mL\\[/tex]

[tex]T_{2}=4K[/tex]

Hence, the new temperature will be equal to 4 K.

[tex]T_{2}=4K[/tex]

Have a nice day!

Answer:

It is necessary for contracting muscles, forming and strengthening bones and teeth, conducting nerve impulses throughout the body, clotting blood, maintaining a normal heartbeat

Answer:

calcium is essential for living organisms.  it is vital for the body's good health.

Bone health

Vitamin D is helps the body absorb and retain calcium

it helps with muscle contraction

helps in normal blood coagulation (clotting)

it is a co-factor for many enzymes

helps the smooth muscles that surrounds the blood vessels; causes it to relax

Explanation:

Answer:

The right answer is:

Replacing the powdered lead oxide with its large crystals

Removing lead (IV) oxide from the reaction mixture

Using 1.0 gram of lead (IV) oxide

Explanation:

Based on the given information this reaction is the catalytic decomposition of H₂O₂ into water and oxygen  using Lead (IV) oxide as a catalyst.

     2. Also, Removing lead (IV) oxide from the reaction mixture  the reaction rate decreased because as the catalyst is removed.

     3.  Using 50 cm³ of hydrogen peroxide  doesn't affect the rate because the concentration of the reactant doesn't change.

     4. Using 1.0 gram of lead (IV) oxide would decrease the reaction rate because the amount of catalyst decreased

So, The right answer is:

Replacing the powdered lead oxide with its large crystals

Removing lead (IV) oxide from the reaction mixture

Using 1.0 gram of lead (IV) oxide