Answer:
false
Explanation:the small winds wehave down here dont effect the atmosheres heat the atmoshere is burning hot regardless.
how are genes expressed for a particular trait.
Answer:
how are genes expressed for a particular trait?
Genes are expressed in two ways which could be either genotype or phenotype
genotype reflects the dominancy or recessives of a particular trait over another while phenotype entails the physical expression of such trait which could be height, color of skin among others
e.g
If P is purple while p is white
PP x Pp= PP, Pp, PP. Pp these are the genotype produced from the crossing of two parents which results into 2 homozygous gene and 2 heterozygous gene without any recessive gene
while the phenotype shows that all the offspring are Purple
Explanation:
Name the steps of meiosis shown in the diagrams below.
Answer:
a. Anaphase 2
b. Metaphase 1
c. Telophase 1
d. Prophase 1
e. Telophase 2
Explanation:
Following is a summary of the events of meiosis:
Interphase:
Prepares the cell for division. Duplication of DNA, duplication of centrioles occurs and the cell grows in size. At this stage the cell is diploid (2n).
Prophase 1:
First stage of Meiosis 1.The centrioles move to the poles of the cell, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, homologous chromosomes pair up (in the form of tetrad), form a chiasmata and then exchange segments of chromosomes with each other. This process is called crossing over.
Metaphase 1:
Involves the arrangement of the crossed over, homologous chromosomes on the metaphase plate which is sort of like a web of spindle fibers that originates from the centrioles.
Anaphase 1:
The tetrads arranged on the metaphase plate are pulled apart by the spindle fibers. This is the result of tension that build up in the spindle fibers as they grow towards opposite poles.
Telophase 1:
The last stage of meiosis 1. Involves the arrival of the chromosomes at the poles, the nuclear membrane starts to form and the chromosomes start decondensing. Telophase 1 yields 2 daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as that in the parent cell.
Meiosis 2:
Meiosis 2 is exactly similar to mitosis. The only difference is that the haploid cells entering meiosis 2 do not duplicate their DNA. Meiosis 2 just involves the separation of the sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
As mentioned above, interphase does not occur before meiosis 2.Prophase 2 involves the disintegration of nuclear envelope, centrosomes start moving to the poles.Metaphase 2 arranges the chromosomes on metaphase plate.Anaphase 2 separates the sister chromatids from the chromosomes.Telophase 2 develops the nuclear envelope and separates the nuclei of the daughter cells into 2. Nuclear division id followed by cytokinesis (division of cytoplasm). Telophase 2 result sin 4 haploid daughter cells with one chromatid from each chromosome.The steps of meiosis shown in the diagrams are: Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Cytokinesis I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II, Cytokinesis II.
Explanation:The steps of meiosis shown in the diagrams are:
Prophase I: During this phase, the chromosomes condense and pair up, a process called synapsis. Crossing over also occurs, where genetic material is exchanged between homologous pairs of chromosomes.Metaphase I: The paired homologous chromosomes align at the equator of the cell.Anaphase I: The homologous chromosomes separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.Telophase I: The chromosomes decondense and nuclear membranes form around each set.Cytokinesis I: The cell cytoplasm divides, resulting in two haploid cells.Prophase II: This phase is similar to prophase in mitosis, where the chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form.Metaphase II: The chromosomes align at the equator of the cell.Anaphase II: The sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell.Telophase II: The chromosomes decondense and nuclear membranes form around each set.Cytokinesis II: The cytoplasm divides, resulting in four haploid daughter cells.Learn more about Meiosis here:https://brainly.com/question/32192580
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Where does the mitochondrial DNA originate?
Answer:
It originated in the nucleus’s
Explanation:
Due to the DNA origin.
What might happen to the ecosystem if toucans were removed
When toucans are removed from an ecosystem it leads to loss of hardwood trees, deforestation, and global warming.
Explanation:
Toucans are very attractive brightly colored large birds which are fruigivore (fruit-eaters). They are specially adapted with a large, sharp but lightweight bill which helps the toucans to reach to branches to pick fruits, berries, seeds mostly which are larger and difficult for the smaller birds to eat.
Their main habitat for the toucan is the rainforests. They are woodland birds and stay mostly on hardwood trees.
Toucans help the rainforest ecosystem to grow by dispersing the seeds of the fruits they eat all around the forest as they keep flying. This makes the species of trees from which toucans pick their fruits to increase and makes the rainforest healthy.
When toucans are removed, then dispersal of seeds becomes less and spreading of hardwood trees will be reduced slowly leading to deforestation and drying up of forest lands.
Bigger hardwood trees play a major role in reducing carbon footprint compared to the softwood smaller trees and this increase in carbon will lead to global warming.
Suppose you can read the sequence of bases on only one strand of the double helix. What would you use to figure out the sequence on the other strand?
a.
base pairing rules
b.
central dogma
c.
x-ray crystallography
d.
sugar pairing rules
Answer:a). base pairing rules
Explanation: A DNA is a double stranded helix in which the two DNA strands are antiparallel and complementary to each other. Watson and Crick developed the base pairing rules that adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with guanine. The complementary strand are not the same in base sequence and composition instead anywhere adenine is found in one strand, thymine is found in the other strand and anywhere cytosine is found in one strand, guanine occurs in the other strand.
What is an important difference between an everyday theory and a scientific
theory?
A)A scientific theory is the same thing as a hypothesis.
B)An everyday theory is the same thing as a hypothesis.
C)A scientific theory does not have large amounts of evidence
supporting it.
D)An everyday theory does not have large amounts of evidence
supporting it.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
An everyday theory is known not to have large amounts of evidence supporting it.
It seems similar to a hypothesis only that in Science, a hypothesis leads to a test while an everyday theory can be a final say on an occurrence.
Answer:
Sample question: An everyday "theory” is a guess or hunch. A scientific theory is a reliable explanation that is supported by facts gathered over time through repeated observation and experimentation.
Explanation:
Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
.The
A gene on a chromosome lies close to another gene controlling a different trait. This indicates that the genes are
first gene contributes to the expression of the second gene. This indicates
Reset
Next
Answer:
A gene on a chromosome lies close to another gene controlling a different trait. This indicates that the genes are strongly linked . The first gene contributes to the expression of the second gene. This indicates polygenic inheritance.
Answer:
A gene on a chromosome lies close to another gene controlling a different trait. This indicates that the genes are strongly linked . The first gene contributes to the expression of the second gene. This indicates polygenic inheritance .
Explanation:
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characteristics of fern plant
Answer:
A characteristic feature of ferns is their root structure. Ferns spread by rhizomes, which are stems that may run just above or just below the ground. The rhizomes produce fronds above them and roots below them. Some ferns have spreading habits while others have clumping forms, but both types produce roots from their rhizomes.
Explanation:
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what group is a fish found in?
Answer:
Species: buccinator
Genus: Cygnus
Family: Anatidae
Explanation:
Which kind of worm is sometimes used to prevent blood clots? A.planarian B.leech C.fluke D.hookworm
Answer:
b leech
Explanation:
Answer:
The answer is B
Explanation:
It is B because leeches suck our blood so when a blood clot appears ( a gelatinous mass of fibrin and blood cells formed by the coagulation of blood ) They can fix it by sucking our blood.
Many ecosystems on Earth have evolved to depend on occasional wildfires that maintain the diversity of the ecosystem. These ecosystems are known as fire dependent ecosystems.
Which of the following best describes how wildfires can be beneficial to certain ecosystems?
Answer:
It can burn branches and clear wood from the forest floor.
Explanation:
This provides space for growth.
Answer:
A fire in a forest ecosystem can burn low branches and clear dead wood from the forest floor, providing space for new growth.
Explanation:
what is the length and circumference of the opening of vigina
Answer:
69m and 52hshnshjnshshsn
Answer:
pleasure
Explanation:
;)
What dietary changes would facilitate food intake for those with oral cavity problems?
Answer:
Good oral health and diet
fruits. vegetables. lean sources of protein such as lean beef, skinless poultry and fish; dry beans, peas and other legumes. low-fat and fat-free dairy foods.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Dietary modifications such as pureeing or chopping foods can help those with oral cavity problems eat more easily. Maintaining oral health is essential for overall well-being, as dental issues can lead to malnutrition and exacerbate other health conditions.
Explanation:
To accommodate those with oral cavity problems, dietary changes such as modifying food textures can significantly enhance the ability to eat comfortably. Solid foods can be pureed, ground, or chopped, which simplifies the process of chewing and swallowing, and minimizes the risk of aspiration. Oral health professionals such as speech therapists, dentists, and dietitians often collaborate to define suitable diets for individuals with dysphagia—a condition of impaired swallowing.
When dental issues prevent efficient chewing, the use of dentures or specially prepared softened foods like purees can be helpful. If there are difficulties with swallowing, increasing fluid intake during meals is advised. Consultation with healthcare professionals is important whenever chewing or swallowing issues arise.
Furthermore, a healthy oral environment is crucial for general well-being. Poor oral health can result in difficulty eating, malnutrition, and may exacerbate other health conditions, particularly in the elderly and those with serious illnesses. Therefore, ensuring a healthy mouth is essential not only for ease of food intake but also for maintaining overall health.
What is one condition that must be met for a population to be in genetic equilibrium
One condition that must be met for a population to be in genetic equilibrium is the absence of mutations. Other conditions include no migration, a very large population, random mating, and no natural selection as stated by the Hardy-Weinberg theorem.
Explanation:Conditions for Genetic EquilibriumFor a population to be in genetic equilibrium, certain conditions must be met. One of these conditions is no mutation, meaning there should be no change in the DNA sequence. Alongside this, other essential conditions include no migration (no individuals entering or leaving the population), a very large population size to minimize the impact of genetic drift, random mating among individuals without any selective pressures, and no natural selection, where all genotypes have equal probabilities of survival and reproduction.
The Hardy-Weinberg theorem suggests that maintaining these conditions will result in allele and genotype frequencies that do not change over time, indicating no evolutionary forces at play. However, it is recognized that these conditions are rarely, if ever, fully met in natural populations due to the influence of evolutionary processes such as drift, mutation, migration, and selection.
68. A biologist was culturing some muscle cells
from a mouse (an aerobic organism) in a petri
dish. He was interested in measuring the amount
of ATP produced by the muscle cells when the
cells were supplied with glucose. At the beginning
of the experiment, the cells were producing large
quantities of ATP. He then added a substance
called malonic acid to the cell culture, and the
amount of ATP produced fell to near zero.
a) Which organelles in the muscle cells were
most likely affected by the malonic acid?
b) Why did the ATP production fall to near zero
but not actually zero?
c) Propose a testable hypothesis concerning res-
piration in cells treated with malonic acid.
d) Predict the effect of malonic acid on an anaer-
obic organism and explain your prediction.
Final answer:
The malonic acid most likely affected the mitochondria in the muscle cells, leading to a decrease in ATP production. The ATP production fell to near zero but not actually zero because other metabolic pathways like glycolysis can still generate small amounts of ATP in the absence of oxygen. A testable hypothesis could be that malonic acid inhibits the enzymes involved in aerobic respiration, leading to a decrease in ATP production. If malonic acid is added to an anaerobic organism, it is unlikely to have a significant effect on ATP production.
Explanation:
The organelles in the muscle cells most likely affected by the malonic acid are the mitochondria. Mitochondria are responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the main energy-carrying molecule in cells. The malonic acid likely disrupted the normal functioning of the mitochondria, leading to a decrease in ATP production.
The ATP production fell to near zero but not actually zero because there may have still been a small amount of ATP being produced through other metabolic pathways in the cells, such as glycolysis. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process that can generate small amounts of ATP even in the absence of oxygen.
A testable hypothesis concerning respiration in cells treated with malonic acid could be that the malonic acid inhibits the enzymes involved in aerobic respiration, leading to a decrease in ATP production. This hypothesis could be tested by comparing the ATP production in cells treated with malonic acid to cells not treated with malonic acid.
If malonic acid is added to an anaerobic organism, it is likely to have little to no effect on ATP production. Anaerobic organisms rely primarily on glycolysis for ATP production, which does not require oxygen or functioning mitochondria. Therefore, the malonic acid would not significantly impact ATP production in an anaerobic organism.
5. Patrick met Patti at the dance. Both of them are heterozygous for their pink body color, which is
dominant over a yellow body color. Create a Punnett square to show the possibilities that would result it
Patrick and Patti had children. HINT: Read question #3!
List the possible genotypes his children could have AND next to each genotype,
describe what phenotype it would have.
B.
What is the genotypic ratio?
Answer: If P is pink body color trait and p is yellow body color trait, and P is dominant over p which is recessive, therefore heterozygous for pink body color is Pp.
The possible genotypes of their children are PP, Pp and pp. There are 1PP, 2Pp and 1pp genotypes.
Genotypes ==> Phenotype
PP = pink body color
Pp = pink body color
pp = yellow body color
Genotypic ratio= 1PP : 2Pp : 1pp, which is, one homozygous pink body color : two heterozygous pink body color and 1 homozygous yellow body color.
Explanation:
PP will manifest phenotypically as pink body color, Pp will manifest phenotypically as pink body color while pp will manifest as yellow body color. This is because pink body color trait (P) is dominant over yellow body color trait (p) which is recessive.
See the attached punnett square for illustration
Question 7 of 25
2 Points
The graph shows ice core data that illustrate historical trends in the amount
of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere. Scientists attribute global warming
to recent increases in human activities that produce carbon dioxide. How
could scientists use these data to evaluate whether a new solution to the
problem of global warming is working?
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
from Low Dolce Cores
Atmosphere Com)
1000
1200
1400 1600
Year (AD)
1800
O
O
A. By comparing historical atmospheric CO2 levels with data from
another planet
B. By gathering more data about historic atmospheric CO2 levels
using a different technique
C. By gathering new data about historic atmospheric Co2 levels
using new ice cores
O
O
D. By comparing modern atmospheric co, levels with historical data
in the graph
Answer:
BY comparing modern (today's) atmospheric CO2 level with historical (past) data in the graph.
Explanation:
Completed the test
By contrasting the current atmospheric CO2 levels with the historical data shown in the graph, scientists might utilise these data to determine if a new approach to the issue of global warming is effective.
What is the impact of carbon dioxide in atmosphere ?This would enable them to ascertain if the new remedy is having an impact on CO2 levels in the atmosphere. Scientists may determine if the new solution is having an effect on the quantity of CO2 in the atmosphere by comparing the levels of atmospheric CO2 at now with those in the graph.
Scientists might also use fresh ice cores to collect new information about previous atmospheric CO2 levels in order to better assess the efficacy of the new approach. This would enable them to contrast present atmospheric CO2 levels with earlier ones.
The new approach was put into practise. If the new remedy is having an impact on the level of atmospheric CO2, scientists can tell by comparing the data from the fresh ice core samples with the data from the graph. Finally, researchers may contrast current atmospheric CO2 levels with information from other planets.
This would enable them to establish whether the new remedy is affecting the level of atmospheric CO2 globally. Scientists may evaluate if the new solution is having a beneficial impact on the quantity of atmospheric CO2 on a global scale by comparing the data from Earth with the data from another planet.
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Compared with ionic compounds, molecular compounds have lower
Answer:
Melting and boiling points.
Explanation:
That s is because the bonding in ionic compounds is much stronger than covalent compounds.
Molecular compounds have lower melting and boiling points than ionic compounds because the intermolecular forces within molecular compounds are weaker than the ionic bonds in ionic compounds, requiring less energy to disrupt.
Explanation:Compared with ionic compounds, molecular compounds have lower melting and boiling points. This is because molecular compounds, also known as covalent compounds, are composed of molecules held together by various types of intermolecular attractions, such as hydrogen bonding, dipole-dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces. These forces are significantly weaker than the ionic bonds found in ionic compounds, which are typically formed between metals and nonmetals and create a rigid crystalline structure. Hence, less energy is required to disrupt the intermolecular forces in molecular compounds, resulting in their generally lower melting and boiling points. For example, water, a molecular compound, melts at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C, whereas sodium chloride, an ionic compound, melts at 801 °C and boils at 1413 °C. These characteristics also lead to molecular compounds being poorer electrical conductors and having varied water solubility based on the type of intermolecular forces involved.
2. Is it common for natural populations to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Explain
Explanation:
According to Hardy Weinberg, the gene and allele frequencies for a population should ideally remain unchanged (stable) over generations. However, assumptions by Hardy Weinberg for a population to be at equilibrium can hardly be held true, naturally. This is because;
There is always some form of immigration and emigration within a populationA population can hardly be infinitely largeMutations do occur in populationsIn some occasions, mating within the population may not be randomNatural selection is always at play within populationsLearn More:
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Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is not common in natural populations due to various evolutionary forces such as mutation, migration, selection, genetic drift, and non-random mating.
Explanation:In natural populations, it is rare for populations to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a concept that describes an idealized population where the allele frequencies do not change from generation to generation. However, in reality, various factors such as mutation, migration, selection, genetic drift, and non-random mating can all disrupt the equilibrium.
For example, genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies due to chance events. Small populations are more susceptible to genetic drift, and as natural populations are often small, they are more likely to experience random changes in allele frequencies.
Overall, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium provides a useful theoretical framework, but it is not commonly observed in natural populations due to the presence of various evolutionary forces.
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Which of the following are reactants in the process of photosynthesis?
A.
glucose and oxygen
B.
carbon dioxide and water
C.
glucose and water
D.
carbon dioxide and oxygen
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Read the lines from “Twelfth Song of Thunder.”
The voice that beautifies the land!
The voice above,
The voice of the thunder
Within the dark cloud
Again and again it sounds,
The voice that beautifies the land.
Based on the content of this passage, what do the Navajo people believe?
Thunder is a powerful force that should not be underestimated.
Thunder is terrifying and one should not be outside when it crashes.
Thunder is a minor natural event that should really go unnoticed.
Thunder is astonishing and makes the land more wondrous.
Answer:
The correct option is D) Thunder is astonishing and makes the land more wondrous.
Explanation:
These lines from the "Twelfth Song of Thunder" shows that the Navajo people consider the voice of thunder as a blessing. They think that the way a thunder looks in the dark clouds and the voice that it makes is indeed astonishing and wondrous.
Answer:
D is the answer
Explanation:
your welcome [
Hemophilia is a disorder in which hemostasis is disrupted. What are some possible errors that could cause this disorder?
Answer:
The possible errors that could cause the disorder of hemophilia in the human body are given below :
Genetically : The main reason for the occurance of hemophilia in the human body through genetically. Genetically means that hemophilia inherent from parents to the child. It is a disease in which body unable to clot the injured part of the body. The cells which are responsible for blood cloting is platelets.
Explanation:
An ice cube melts and becomes a liquid. What happened to the particles that made up the ice cube?
A.
The mass of the ice cube's particles decreased.
B.
The amount of potential energy in the ice cube's particles increased.
C.
The size of the ice cube's particles decreased.
D.
The amount of kinetic energy in the ice cube's particles increased.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
What is instantaneous speciation?
an interdependent relationship between two or more species
a type of speciation that only occurs on islands
the formation of a new species over a few generations
a type of speciation that leads to rapid extinction
Explanation:
This is a type of speciation where new species are produced which are separated from the parental individual by biological or geographical barrier.This type of speciation occur among individual and not in a population.It is a kind of sympatric speciation which is caused by poliploidy.3. Why do fish vendors in the market spread salt onto cold frozen fish？
Answer:
Because salt dehydrates the fish and also freezes it and keeps it from thawing and rotting.
Explanation:
https://van.physics.illinois.edu/qa/listing.php?id=20576&t=freezing-fish-with-salt
For plants and other organisms to develop differences among their respective species the alleles of their genes must contain variations. What is the original source of these variations?
A) Mutation
B) Crossing over
C) Random fertilization
D) Independent assortment
A) Mutation is the original source of variations for plants and other organisms which develops differences among their respective species
Explanation:
Genetic variation leads to the natural differences between each individual and among individuals of a species. The main cause for this variation is due to alleles that cause variations in the composition of genes or the DNA sequences.
A mutation is a genetic variation which leads to the creation of a new allele in a species population. Each variation in the DNA sequence leads to an allele formation and each allele leads to a difference in character or trait between individuals since they are the alternate version of the original genes.
Although genetic variations could be brought about by crossing over, random fertilization, or independent assortment; mutation is the original source because it provides the basic raw material for all the evolutionary changes.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Which of the following are components of the nonspecific immune response?
I.
mucous
II.
skin
III.
macrophages
IV.
T lymphocytes
V.
B lymphocytes
The following are components of the nonspecific immune response are mucous.
What are the nonspecific immune response?Innate, or nonspecific, immunity is the protection device with that you have been born. It protects you towards all antigens. Innate immunity entails limitations that maintain dangerous substances from coming into your body.
At mucosal surfaces, most effective the mucus layer stands among invading virus and stay cells. The mucus layer paperwork a bodily barrier that entraps overseas debris and consists of them out of the body; it additionally incorporates nonspecific inhibitors.
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What was the control in Pasteur's experiment?
A.uncovered meat that had contact with air
B.a straight neck flask to allow air to get in
C.a swan neck flask that prevented air from getting in
D.meat sealed in jars that didn’t have contact with air
A swan neck flask that prevented air from getting in was the control in Pasteur's experiment. Therefore, option (C) is correct.
What is Pasteur's experiment?The experiment was designed to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, which proposed that living organisms could arise spontaneously from non-living matter. To test this, Pasteur used swan-necked flasks that allowed air to enter but prevented microorganisms from getting in. The flasks containing the nutrient broth were boiled to sterilize the contents and the curved neck of the flasks prevented dust and microorganisms from entering.
The control group in this experiment was the flask with the nutrient broth that was not exposed to the external environment. This flask was used as a comparison to the experimental group, which was a flask with the nutrient broth that was exposed to the external environment. By comparing the growth of microorganisms in the two groups, Pasteur was able to demonstrate that microorganisms do not arise spontaneously from non-living matter, but rather come from pre-existing microorganisms.
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definition of binomial nomenclature
Answer:
the system of nomenclature in which two terms are used to denote a species of living organism, the first one indicating the genus and the second the specific epithet.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Binomial nomenclature is a system of naming species with a two-part Latin name consisting of the genus name and species identifier. Developed by Carolus Linnaeus, it provides a unique and universally recognized name for each species, avoiding the confusion of common names and facilitating clear communication among scientists worldwide.
Explanation:
Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages. This two-part name is called a binomial (meaning "two names" in Latin). The first part of the name identifies the genus to which the organism belongs, while the second part identifies the species within the genus. For example, the scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens, where Homo is the genus and sapiens is the species identifier.
The Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus is credited with developing binomial nomenclature in the 18th century, which revolutionized the way scientists named and classified organisms. It enabled clearer and more consistent communication among scientists from different regions and languages. When printed, the genus name is always capitalized and the species name is always lowercase, and both are italicized, for example, Felis catus for the domestic cat.
The convention of binomial nomenclature not only mitigates the confusion caused by local and common names but also provides each species with a unique and universally recognized name. This universal nomenclature facilitates accurate communication and information sharing among biologists and researchers across the globe.
Hi!!!! Please help!! Desperately need biology help!
Answer no 8:
The correct option is D) Antelopes with muscular legs are bale to outrun their predators better than antelopes with poor muscle tone. Thus they lived to reproduce.
Explanation:
Genetic variations in a population are the main reason that natural selection tends to occur. Natural selection favours those organisms which have better characteristics.The organisms with better traits are able to reproduce and pass on their characteristics to their offsprings.
Answer No 10:
The correct option is A) Phenotype directly influences the interaction of an organism with its environment.
Explanation:
The interactions between the phenotypic traits and the environment analyze whether a particular organism will be able to survive and pass on its characteristics to its offspring. Hence, the phenotype directly influences the interaction of an organism with its environment.
Answer No 9
The correct option is A) resistance to a virus
Explanation:
Mutations can be described as any changes which occur in the DNA of an organism. Mutations might be beneficial or harmful depending on the location where the mutation arises. Viruses are usually harmful for eukaryotes. Hence, the correct option is A.
Answer No 11:
The correct option is C) Giraffes with longer necks survived because they were better suited to the environment.
Explanation:
Natural selection tends to favour those organsims which are better suited to live in an environment. Those organisms with better characteristics are able to survive and pass on their traits to their offsprings.
The giraffes with longer necks were better adapted to live in the environment and hence were favoured by natural selection.
Answer No 12:
The correct option is D) selective breeding
Explanation:
Selective breeding can be described as a technique in which organisms with better characteristics are crossed, so that offsprings with better characteristics can be produced. Selective breeding is done by humans where as natural selection is done by the nature.