Jane and Jill wondered if plant shoots always grew up toward the light. The two girls planted several pots of seeds. After the
seeds germinated, they removed them from the soil and and repositioned the seeds in the ground. They place one-third in the
normal position for growth, roots down and shoots up. This was the control group. They placed another third up-side down or
shoots down and roots up. They placed the last group on their sides so the shoots and roots were both oriented horizontally
What else should the girls do in order to ensure that their results are valid?
A)Fertilize the two experimental groups but not the control group.
B)Place one group of seeds outside and keep the other two groups indoors.
C)Be sure all other conditions remain constant throughout all three groups.
D)Keep the control group in the pot but place the other two groups in the​

The three types of selection pressures are:

resource availability, environmental conditions, and biological factors

Explanation:

Selection pressures are those external factors which drives the process of natural selection; by influencing the organism’s phenotype by eliminating undesirable traits, or by increasing the favorable traits, so as to increase its ability and adaptability to survive in its environment.

Selective pressures are broadly falls under biotic, abiotic, and neutral factors.

Various selective pressures include competition, predation, diseases and illnesses, sexual selection, pollutants, climate change, parasitism, sunlight, wind, land clearance etc.

These can be broadly classified as resource availability, environmental conditions, and biological factors.

Resource availability in form of food, shelter or habitat, mates etc., are the major selective pressures

Environmental factors like sunlight, wind, weather conditions, climate, pollution; all can influence natural selection

Biotic factors include predators, parasitism, diseases and illnesses etc.

The adaptation of giraffes with long neck and legs are due to selective pressures to reach for food present at higher levels of vegetation.

The three types of selection pressures are stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection. These processes favor average traits, one extreme trait, and both extreme traits, respectively, and can eliminate organisms with undesirable traits.

There are three main types of selection pressures that can act to eliminate organisms with undesirable traits: stabilizing selection, directional selection, and disruptive selection.

Stabilizing selection favors average traits and works to eliminate extreme variations. For example, in a population of birds, those with average-sized beaks may survive better than those with very large or very small beaks.

Directional selection favors one extreme trait over other variations. For instance, if larger size provides a survival advantage, organisms with smaller sizes will gradually be eliminated from the population.

Disruptive selection favors both extremes of a trait and can lead to a split in a population, potentially leading to the formation of new species. For example, if both small and large beaks provide advantages for different reasons, birds with average-sized beaks might be less likely to survive over time.

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Final answer:

A vector is a quantity with magnitude and direction. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force are all examples of vectors. The direction of a vector can be given by a sign in one-dimensional motion, but in two dimensions, we use a reference frame and an arrow representation.

Explanation:

A vector is a quantity that has magnitude and direction. Displacement, velocity, acceleration, and force, for example, are all vectors. In one-dimensional, or straight-line, motion, the direction of a vector can be given simply by a plus or minus sign. In two dimensions (2-d), however, we specify the direction of a vector relative to some reference frame (i.e., coordinate system), using an arrow having length proportional to the vector's magnitude and pointing in the direction of the vector.

Answer:

no

Explanation:

because evolution happens over a very long peroid of time. the muscle of the fish will not be passed to an offspring (think a body builder human does not give birth to a body builder baby)

Answer:

C) lactic acid fermentation

Explanation:

Answer:

Modern invasive species are characterized by broad environmental tolerances, which contribute to their ability to survive during both the transport and establishment phases of invasion. Studies of modern and invasive species have demonstrated that invader species regularly displace native species through higher resource efficiency or competitive ability. A striking feature of the biogeographic pattern is the differential survival of species with large geographic ranges. Species with larger geographic ranges tend, on average, to have broader ecological tolerances than those with small ranges.

Explanation:

Answer:

its going to increase the rate of breathing.

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

Mutualism is a relationship between two parties where both parties are benefited.

This means the answer would be C- "Ants feed on aphid wastes and protect the aphids from predators."

The ants benefit from a feeding source.

The aphids benefit from predator defense.

In answer C, both parties are benefited, so this is mutualism!

Answer:

Which situation describes mutualism?

Ants feed on aphid wastes and protect the aphids from predators.

Explanation:

Mutualism entails when two organisms benefits from each other just like it happens in the above given example

Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the three stages of cellular respiration that occur in the presence of oxygen? Each stage occurs in the mitochondria, but only the final stage produces ATP. Each stage produces ATP, but only the third stage occurs in the mitochondria. Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm. Each stage occurs in the cytoplasm, but only the final stage produces ATP.

Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Cellular respiration is the process by which the glucose or any respiratory substrate is burned down inside a cell producing ATP or energy. This process of cellular respiration is seen in each and every living cell. The glucose is burned in the cytoplasm of the cell producing the pyruvate. This pyruvate is decarboxylated into Acetyl CoA and transferred inside the mitochondria. So the glycolysis or the 1st step of cellular respiration occurs in cytoplasm and rest inside the mitochondria.

ATP is produced from each astep of cellular respiration. So the correct option is option C.

Answer:

the answer is c Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Explanation:hope this helps please mark as brainliest

Answer:C.

Explanation:

Don’t know

Magnetic stripes in the ocean rocks provide evidence of seafloor spreading by the pattern of magnetic stripes shows that the seafloor is expanding at mid-ocean ridges. Thus, the correct option is C.

The oceanic crust or rock is primarily composed of rocks which are rich in iron and magnesium minerals. The rocks of the ocean floor contains iron. As the molten material cooled and harden, the iron bits inside these rocks lined up in the direction of Earth's magnetic poles, creating a pattern of magnetized stripes.

When the Earth's magnetic field reverses, a new stripe, with the new polarity forms. Such magnetic patterns lead to the recognition of occurrence of the sea-floor spreading, and thus remain as one of the strongest evidence for the theory of plate tectonics.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

Learn more about Ocean rock here:

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Answer:

it depends

Explanation:

Different plants may have different speeds in which they produce oxygen or absorb carbon dioxide therefore photosynthesis may have different rates of speed.

Answer:

How do punnet squares allow you to predict how traits are passed from one generation to the next?

This is simply achieved by crossing which enable each gene of both parents to be paired with one another

Explanation:

Explanation:

Apoptosis – programmed cell death – is very important in embryo development. DNA replication is not 100% error proof. Since embryo development calls for a high rate of DNA duplication due to the numerous cell divisions occurring in the embryo as it develops, some cells may bear some DNA mutations due to error in DNA duplication by DNA polymerase. The cells have mechanisms to detect such errors and if they are irreparable, apoptosis is initiated, destroying these damaged cells. This protects the integrity of the embryo ensuring cells with damaged DNA do not divide and result in abnormalities.  

Apoptosis aids in normal embryo development by eliminating excess cells, sculpting organs and tissues, and ensuring proper cell connections.

Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, plays a vital role in normal embryo development. During embryogenesis, apoptosis helps shape and refine organs and tissues by eliminating excess or unwanted cells. For example, the formation of fingers and toes involves apoptosis between the digits. Additionally, apoptosis serves as a quality control mechanism, ensuring that proper cell connections and structures are established.

An example of apoptosis aiding in normal embryo development is the development of the nervous system. Initially, neural progenitor cells undergo a process called proliferation, where they divide rapidly. As the nervous system develops further, specific cells are designated to become neurons, while others undergo apoptosis. This selective elimination of certain cells is crucial for the refinement and proper functioning of the nervous system.

In summary, apoptosis aids in normal embryo development by eliminating excess cells, sculpting organs and tissues, and ensuring proper cell connections. It is a tightly regulated process that contributes to the precise and controlled development of embryos.

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Answer:

Pioneer Lichen

Explanation:

I had this answer on my test and got it correct. It is C

Answer:

Transcription has three steps to it which is  initiation, elongation, and termination.

Hope this helps. Brainliest please. (ONLY IF YOU WANT TOO.)

The mRNA molecules are transported through the nuclear envelope into the cytoplasm, where they are translated by the rRNA of ribosomes (see translation). ... Messenger RNA (mRNA) then travels to the ribosomes in the cell cytoplasm, where protein synthesis occurs

Answer:

The mRNA is end product of transcription that takes place in the nucleus and it is followed by translation or synthesis of proteins. So, the first important step is to transport the mRNA to the cytoplasm via nuclear pore complex.

Explanation:

The process of transcription is second step of the central dogma of molecular biology. This process is characterized by the creation of mRNA strand from the template pre-mRNA strand. This process involves three defined steps of initiation, elongation and termination. RNA polymerase is the associated enzyme that plays a critical role in the process.

The occurrence of this process in the nucleus illustrates the carrying away of the product formed that is the mRNA to the cytoplasm. The transport process takes place via nuclear pore complex. The ribosome in the cytoplasm reads the mRNA and forms the protein.

Answer:

Viruses can replicate inside a host cell that they infect. Viruses are the organisms which have the characteristics of both living and non living things. Virus is non-living outside the cell and present in crystalline form but when a virus is put into a living cell, it starts growing there. When the cell is infected, the virus enters into the another cell and starts infection there.

It's right on edg

Answer: circulatory is when ur blood circulates and respiratory is the system we use to breath if I remember correctly

Explanation:

The respiratory system enables gas exchange, drawing in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide. The circulatory system transports oxygen-rich blood to the body's cells and returns oxygen-poor blood to the lungs. Together, they maintain essential bodily functions.

Answer:

The two processes which returned water to the atmosphere in the water cycle are the following.

1) Evaporation: It is a process in which water goes to the atmosphere in the form of vapours from the surface of earth and water bodies such as ocean, lakes and rivers etc. It occurs at all temperatures.

2) Transpiration: It is a process in which water is evaporated in the form of vapours from the surface and inside the body of plants.

1. No antivirals or vaccines exist currently.

2. Vaccines are made by weakening the virus, inactivating the virus, using a part of the virus, or using a part of the bacteria. This vaccine still has to be then approved by the proper authorities (ex. CDC, WHO), tested on trial groups, then it has to be mass produced. The distribution of it may even be the hardest part. Overall, this is a long and pain staking process.

Answer:

1. growth

2. replacement

3. wound repair

4. prokaryotes

6. eukaryotes

7. chromosomes

8. chromosomes (I think this should be nucleosomes)

9. chromatids

10. the cell cycle

11. interphase

12. G1 phase

13. S phase

14. G2 phase

15. mitosis

16. cytokinesis

17. prophase

18. metaphase

19. anaphase

20. telophase

21. cancer

Explanation:

Cell division is the process where cells divide to form 2  identical daughter cells. This is important in the growth of an organism to a larger size, in the replacement of old cells, and in the healing of wounds such as cuts on the skin.

Cell division occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cell division occurs by binary fission, whereas eukaryotic cell division is more complex.

If cell division in eukaryotes such as humans occurs in a deregulated manner (i.e. checkpoints are ignored) it can lead to uncontrolled proliferation, which is one of the primary ways in which cancer can develop.

Eukaryotic DNA is organized into chromosomes. After cell division, they form sister chromatids that are ready to be divided into daughter cells. Option 8 should be nucleosomes (part of how the DNA is organized), but this is not an option in your worksheet. Also, number 5 is missing, which I think likely comes after number 4 (prokaryotes) and refers to the fact that prokaryotes only have a single chromosome).

Cell division in eukaryotes occurs through the cell cycle. Which has two phases: interphase and mitosis. The cell will spend most of its life in interphase, where it is waiting for the signals to divide, and then preparing to divide.

Interphase can be divided into G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase. G1 is the first "gap" phase, where the cell is making preparations before it can divide, such as ensuring conditions are favorable for cell division. Then the DNA is synthesised in the S phase, i.e., this is where DNA replication takes place. G2 phase is the final stage before the mitosis phase, where the cell checks the DNA has been correctly replicated before proceeding to mitosis.

Mitosis is the process where the cell divides the chromosomes into two identical daughter cells and divides. The 4 phases are prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. These phases are followed by cytokinesis, which is where the cell cytoplasm physically splits to produce the two daughter cells.

Answer:

Package the desired genetic material into a suitable plant virus and allow this modified virus to infect the plant. If the genetic material is DNA, it can recombine with the chromosomes to produce transformant cells.Explanation:

Answer: Viral transformation (transduction): Package the desired genetic material into a suitable plant virus and allow this modified virus to infect the plant. If the genetic material is DNA, it can recombine with the chromosomes to produce transformant cells.

Explanation:

Answer: Conclusion!

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Explanation:

Steps of Scientific method

Purpose/Question. Ask a question.

Research. Conduct background research. ...

Hypothesis. Propose a hypothesis. ...

Experiment. Design and perform an experiment to test your hypothesis. ...

Data/Analysis. Record observations and analyze the meaning of the data. ...

Conclusion.

Answer:

Three inorganic components of soil are the following.

1) Minerals: Minerals are inorganic in nature. Inorganic means it does not contain carbon. It comprises about 45 percent of the soil.

2) Water: Water is a basic component of soil which helps plants to absorb nutrients. About 25 percent of volume is occupied by water.

3) Air: Air is also present in soil. It provides oxygen to the roots and microorganisms. Its concentration is 25 percent in the soil.

Answer:

Enzymes

Explanation:

The regulation of gene expression is the central dogma of life. It is a series or set of mechanisms in which genetic information in the DNA expresses in the form of RNA or protein. Cells give gene expression b different mechanisms as transcription, maturation of mRNA, and translation.

During these mechanisms, different gene-regulatory proteins are influenced. For example, a set of RNA polymerases that are proteins transcribe the DNA molecule during transcription. Transcription factors are also proteins that control the synthesis of proteins in the cell. These proteins are an enzyme that catalyse the gene regulation in the human cells.

Answer: Genotypic: 2:2

Phenotypic: 2:2

Explanation:

Crossing a plant with genotype tt and another with Tt results in offspring with genotypes 50% Tt and 50% tt, and a phenotypic ratio of 1 tall:1 dwarf. The presence of the T allele results in a tall plant because T is dominant, while homozygous recessive tt results in a dwarf plant.

When crossing two different plants, one with genotype tt and the other with genotype Tt, you can use a Punnett square to determine the potential genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. Since T is dominant, we'll represent the tall phenotype with T and the dwarf phenotype with t.

The Punnett square results in the following genotypes: 50% Tt (heterozygous) and 50% tt (homozygous recessive). The phenotypic ratio is 1 tall:1 dwarf, because the presence of even one T allele (Tt) will result in a tall plant, while only the tt genotype will result in a dwarf plant.

If you look at other example genotypic crosses, such as Aa x Aa, you'll find a genotypic ratio of 1 AA:2 Aa:1 aa, and a phenotypic ratio of 3 dominant:1 recessive. In the cross AABb x Aabb, the genotypic ratio is more complex due to the two different traits being examined, but you can expect a certain proportion of offspring to express the dominant phenotypes. Whenever analyzing crosses, it's important to consider whether the traits are being governed by dominant or recessive alleles.

Answer:

Mate the black guinea pig with a brown guinea pig.

Explanation:

Mating must be done with a brown guinea pig, since this type of mating will enable to determine the presence of heterocigotes "black hair" by calculating the frequency in the progeny

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer and Explanation:

Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases are nuero-degenerative disorders that affect human beings. These are both a form of Dementia, a syndrome that affects the brain, causing symptoms including:

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a loss in these functions, and is eventually fatal, stemming from brain failure. It is genetic and may be influenced by environmental factors like smoking, diet, traumatic brain injury and diabetes among others.

Parkinson's disease is characterized by rigid muscles, tremors,  and slowed motion. This may be cased by several non specific conditions such as poisoning, brain damage, head trauma and other complex neurodegenerative diseases.

Answer:z

Explanation: it is moving at a costant speed which means is taking an equal amount of time to move towards each position

If the soccer ball moves at a constant speed, this indicates a consistent linear relationship between time and position. We would represent this on a graph as a straight line that slopes upwards as time passes.

This question depends on the specific representations depicted by Graphs W, X, Y, and Z, which are not provided. However, understanding sports physics can help us to infer the general form of such a graph. If the soccer ball is moving at a constant speed toward the opposite side of the field, the position of the ball relative to Tyler should increase in a linear manner, showing a straight upward-sloping line on the graph. This representation implies a direct, consistent relationship between the passage of time and the ball's distance from Tyler.

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Answer:

C. transfers water into Earth’s oceans.

E. moves oxygen and carbon dioxide through the biosphere.

Explanation: Atmosphere has great effect on the movement of water. Due to evaporation, water that is present in the ocean is evaporated in the form of vapours and forming clouds. These clouds move to the hilly areas and falls in the form of rain. This water is used by both plants and animals.

Atmosphere moves oxygen and carbon dioxide through the biosphere. Carbondioxode is exhaled from animal's body to the atmosphere. This carbondioxode is used by plants in the process of photosynthesis and make their own food and oxygen is exhaled. This oxygen is used by the animals.