Answer:
In point mutation, alteration affects only one single nucleotide.
In base substitution mutation, one single nucleotide is swapped with another nucleotide
In frameshift mutation, the addition or deletion of one or more base pairs could lead to shift in the arrangement
In triplet repeat mutation, a base pair repeats until it reaches threshold limit
Explanation:
In point mutation, alteration affects only one single nucleotide. This alteration could be insertion, deletion or substitution of only one single nucleotide.
In base substitution mutation, one single nucleotide is swapped with another nucleotide during the replication process of DNA.
In frameshift mutation, the addition or deletion of one or more base pairs could lead to shift in the arrangement of triple nucleotide bases.
For instance if the base pair is
AAT GCC CGA TCT
If insertion occurs at second base pair, then the frame will shift as below
AAT GAC CCG ATC T….
In triplet repeat mutation, a base pair repeats until it reaches threshold limit and then becomes unstable
Terrestrial vertebrates use the urea cycle to convert the ammonium ion to urea such that the urea can be excreted. In the production of urea, only one of the nitrogens in the product comes from ammonium ions. What is the source of the other nitrogen?
Answer:
Asparate is the source of other nitrogen
Explanation:
In the terrestrial vertebrate urea cycle is present which converts ammonium ions to urea and then this urea is excreted out of the by through urine.
First ammonia and bicarbonate combine to form Carbamoyl phosphate. The Carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine get condense to citrulline. Until here the reaction occurs in mitochondria.
Then the citrulline is transported in the cytosol where another nitrogen is added by an amino acid called aspartate and citrulline is condensed into argininosuccinate and aspartate converts and released as fumarate. So the correct answer is aspartate.
The source of the other nitrogen in the production of urea in terrestrial vertebrates comes from the deamination of amino acids.
Explanation:The source of the other nitrogen in the production of urea in terrestrial vertebrates comes from the deamination of amino acids. Deamination of amino acids results in the production of ammonia, which is converted to urea through the urea cycle in mammals. This allows the body to excrete nitrogenous waste in a less toxic form. Animals that secrete urea as the primary nitrogenous waste material are called ureotelic animals.
Question: Laboratory 1: Tools For Scientific Inquiry Questions For Review 1. A Group Of Students Hypothesizes That The Amount Of Alcohol Produced On Depends On The Amount Of Glucose Supplied To The Yeast. They Want To Use 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, And 30% Glucose Solutions. A. What Is The Independent Variable? B. What Is The Dependent Variable? C. What Control ...
Answer:
The independent variable is the amount of glucose being supplied and the dependent variable is the amount of alcohol being produced.
An independent variable can be described as the variable which is being changes in a scientific experiment so that its effects can be studies.
The dependent variable can be described as the variable which is under study and which gets affected by the changes in the independent variable.
The control that can be designed for this experiment can be another experiment in which the amount of glucose is kept constant in each of the yeasts.
Traumatic experiences that occurred long ago are known as _____ stressors. Group of answer choices hidden life-changing distant naturalistic time-limited
Answer:
distant
Explanation:
Distant stressors are types of stress involving traumatic events witnessed or suffered by an individual in the past in which the negative effects is still being felt by the individual and thereby modifying the function of the immune system. This is as a result of their thought process and cognitive consequences that lingers for long. Examples of distant stressors include war trauma, child abuse.
The rhythmic, wavelike motion produced by smooth muscles in tubular visceral organs is called _______.
Answer:
Peristalsis
Explanation:
This motion is to facilitate the movement of food to the mouth to the stomach and helps food travel from the small intestine to the rectum
mitosis worksheet help
Answer:
1. Prophase
2. C
3. A and F
4. CENTROSOME/centrioles
5. D
6. D-A-F-C-E-B
7. Animal cells
8. Interphase
9. Mitosis is necessary for growth and development of an organism
Explanation:
1. Cells A and F in the diagram depicts the early and late phase of Prophase respectively. The phase in cell A called early Prophase is characterized by the condensation of Chromatins to form visible chromosomes while the late Prophase also called prometaphase in cell F is characterized by the organization of the chromosomes by the spindle microtubules produced by the centrioles (structure X)
2. Cell C is in the Metaphase stage because the chromosomes are aligned at the equator of the cell called METAPHASE PLATE.
3. Cell A and F is the first phase of this MITOTIC process called Prophase because it is the phase where the chromosomes becomes visible as a result of the condensation of Chromatin material. In cell F as well, the chromosomes can be seen as an X-SHAPED structure after being organized.
4. The structure labelled X is the Centriole which is produced by the CENTROSOME. The centriole is responsible for the production of the spindle microtubules that aligns the chromosomes and eventually separate sister chromatids.
5. Cell D is the in-between phase of mitosis called INTERPHASE because it is the phase that occurs between two successive mitotic divisions. It is characterized by invisible strands called Chromatin and also the nuclear membrane that is still intact.
6. D-A-F-C-E-B is correct order of the cell cycle process. Cell D is at the Interphase stage, cell A is at the early prophase stage, cell F is at the late prophase stage, cell C is at the metaphase stage, cell E is at the anaphase stage, cell B is at the Telophase/CYTOKINESIS stage.
7. The cell involved in this cycle is depicted an animal cell because 1.) There is possession of centrioles at the prophase stage. Plant cells do not have centrioles. 2. ) A cleavage furrow is formed as a result of the contraction of the contractile ring seen at the middle of the cell. The cleavage furrow is what divides an animal cell into two during CYTOKINESIS. Plant cells do not form cleavage furrow, instead they form a cell plate because of their cell wall.
8. Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle because it is the phase the cell prepares itself for the next round of division. The preparation includes enlargement, DNA replication, replication of organnelles etc.
9. Mitosis is very important because it is the means by which all cells increase and multiply which utterly leads to the growth and development of an organism.
Mitosis, a crucial period in the cell cycle, involves the separation of duplicated chromosomes into identical nuclei. This process is divided into five stages - prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Understanding these stages will allow you to accurately fill out a mitosis worksheet.
Explanation:MitosisMitosis is a period of the cell cycle during which the duplicated chromosomes are separated into identical nuclei. This process is crucial to the passaging of heritable information from one generation to another through cell generation. Mitosis itself is divided into five essential stages - prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Prophase: Chromosomes become visible and the nuclear envelope breaks down.Prometaphase: Spindle fibers form and begin to move the chromosomes towards the center of the cell.Metaphase: Chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.Anaphase: The sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart.Telophase: The chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell, two new nuclear envelopes form, and the cell prepares for cytokinesis (division of the cytoplasm).Understanding these stages will help you fill your mitosis worksheet accurately.
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You have spent time working with a population of beetles. Sexually mature males range in size from 2-6 cm in length. You realize that the females only mate with males that measure less than 3 cm long. If you measured allele frequencies at a single gene (locus) that contributes to overall length, would you expect this population to be in H-W equilibrium from one generation to the next?
Answer:
Option B, No
Explanation:
Complete question is as follows -
You have spent time working with a population of beetles. Sexually mature males range in size from 2-6 cm in length. You realize that the females only mate with males that measure less than 3 cm long. If you measured allele frequencies at a single gene (locus) that contributes to overall length, would you expect this population to be in H-W equilibrium from one generation to the next?
Select one:
a. Yes
b. No
Solution -
No, because Hardy Weinberg’s equilibrium theory is not applicable in practical scenario as it assumes that H-W equilibrium persists from one generation to the other only when these is no disturbing factor . These disturbing factors include – natural selection, non-random mating, genetic drift, gene flow and mutations. Since this theory works only in an idealized state where no such disturbances occur, it is very difficult to say that the beetle population can remain in H-W equilibrium. Also the females in the beetle population are selecting the males for mating thereby exhibiting sexual selection. Hence, H-W equilibrium will not be applicable.
Hence, option B
You have a total body concentration of 300 mOsM and total body volume of 3 liters. If you add 0.5 L of a solution containing 150 mosmol of NaCl to the body, what would the new total body concentration be?a) 450 mOsM
b) 300 mOsM
c) 350 mOsM
d) 700 mOsM
Answer:
300 mOsM
Explanation:
The application of osmotic equilibrium comes in.
Using the equation; solute/volume = concentration
S/V =C
Last night in class, Upe asked her instructor about the flow of positive and negative ions into and/or out of a cell. Her instructor told her that the two processes involved in this movement are: A. diffusion and electrostatic pressure. B. glia and microglia. C. agonists and antagonists. D. voluntary and involuntary.
Answer:
Last night in class, Upe asked her instructor about the flow of positive and negative ions into and/or out of a cell. Her instructor told her that the two processes involved in this movement are: A. diffusion and electrostatic pressure. B. glia and microglia. C. agonists and antagonists. D. voluntary and involuntary.
The Answer is option A (diffusion and electrostatic pressure)
Explanation:
How diffusion act on groups of ions:
Ions are diffused when ions move from regions of high concentration to regions of lower concentration.
For Potassium Ion, potassium remains in high concentrations inside the cell, diffusion tends to push Potassium ion outside the cell.
For chloride ion (Cl-), remains in high concentration outside the cell, diffusion pushes it inside the cell.
While, sodium ion (Na+) is more concentrated outside the cell, diffusion pushes sodium ion inside the cell.
How electrostatic pressure act on groups of ions:
Electrostatic pressure is a surface charge that experiences a force in the presence of an electric field and can be described as the force on two ions with similar charge and the force of two ions with opposite charge.
For Potassium ion, the positive charge of Potassium ion is attracted to the negative charge inside the cell, hence, electrostatic pressure pushes Potassium ion inside the cell.
For chloride ion (Cl-), since the negative charge of chloride ion is attracted to the positive charge outside the cell, electrostatic pressure pushes chloride ion outside the cell.
For Sodium ion (Na+), since the positive charge of sodium is attracted to the negative charge inside the cell, electrostatic pressure pushes sodium ion inside the cell. But, sodium ion cannot permeate the cell membrane and remains in high concentration outside the cell.
For a science fair project, two students decided to repeat the Hershey and Chase experiment, with modifications. They decided to label the nitrogen of the DNA, rather than the phosphate. They reasoned that each nucleotide has only one phosphate and two to five nitrogens. Thus, labeling the nitrogens would provide a stronger signal than labeling the phosphates. Why won't this experiment work?
A) Radioactive nitrogen has a half-life of 100,000 years, and the material would be too dangerous for too long.
B) There is no radioactive isotope of nitrogen.
C) Although there are more nitrogens in a nucleotide, labeled phosphates actually have 16 extra neutrons; therefore, they are more radioactive.
D) Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish between DNA and proteins.
Answer:
D) Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish between DNA and proteins.
Explanation:
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase carried out an experiment by employing the sulfur labeled proteins and phosphorous labeled DNA of the phage. These phages were permitted to infect bacteria. It was noted that the DNA had entrance to the bacterial cells and was thought to be the genetic material. The offspring of the phages that were marked with radioactive phosphorus was still marked although the offspring of the phages marked with radioactive sulfur were unmarked. This proved that DNA and not protein can be labeled as genetic material. When students employed the use of radioactive nitrogen in lieu of radioactive phosphorous, and could not obtain the required results due to nitrogen being found in proteins and DNA as nitrogen bases. Therefore, the radioactivity could not differentiate between DNA and proteins.
In view of this, the right answer is
D.
'Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms. Thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish between DNA and proteins.'
which part of the central nervous system is used to serve as the main communication link between the body and the brain
Answer: The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement
Explanation: The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord.
The brain is the center of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement. Like a central computer, it interprets information from our eyes (sight), ears (sound), nose (smell), tongue (taste), and skin (touch), as well as from internal organs such as the stomach.
The spinal cord is the highway for communication between the body and the brain. When the spinal cord is injured, the exchange of information between the brain and other parts of the body is disrupted.
A person who is ______ perceives themself as a member of a different gender from the one assigned at birth.
Answer:
Transgender.
Explanation:
Transgender is defined as a term that includes ways that people’s gender identities can be different from the sex they were assigned at birth. Transgender people have a gender identity or gender expression that differs from their sex assigned at birth. Some transgender people who desire medical assistance to transition from one sex to another identify as transsexual
Describe how the structure of a virus aids in its ability to infect cells.
Answer:
Capsid proteins interlock with a receptor site on the host cell.
The capsid protein and host cell receptor interlock like a puzzle piece.
Viruses vary in shape to attack the various types of receptors on cells.
The shapes of viruses include polyhedral, helical, enveloped, and complex.
Once the virus attaches to the host cell, it invades the cell and hijacks the DNA of the cell
The structure of a virus aids in its ability to infect cells by attacking the receptors and attaching to the host cells.
What is Virus?This is defined as a small infectious agent which can replicate only inside the cells of another organism. Its structure infect cells through the following:
Capsid proteins interlock with a receptor site on the host cell.The capsid protein and host cell receptor interlock.Viruses vary in shape to attack the various types of receptors on cellsThe virus attaches to the host cell, it invades the cell and hijacks the DNA of the cell.Read more about Virus here https://brainly.com/question/8146080
he researchers bought samples of whale meat—all labeled simply as kujira, the generic Japanese term for whale meat—from markets in Japan and sequenced DNA from these samples. They compared their data with sequences from known whale species. Because subspecies of whales from different populations differ genetically, the researchers were able to analyze the genetic variation in their samples and learn the location from which the whales were likely captured. These results would indicate if illegal whale meat was being sold.
First, let's complete the question by adding the missing piece of information
Match each statment as question, observation, hypothesis, prediction, or test
1) Whales are being harvested illegally and their meat sold in markets in Japan
2) Where is the whale meat being solid in Japanese markets coming from?
3) If whale-s are being illegally harvested, reported whale captures will be far lower tahn the number of captures predicted by genetic analyses of whale meat in markets
4) The availability of whale meat in Japanese markets exceds that expected from the reported legal captures of whales
5) Scientists subject whale meat to genetci analysis to determine its likely capture location and to extimate whale captures at that location
Answer:
Question:- where is the whale meat being sold in Japanese markets coming from?
Observation:- The availability of whale meat in Japanese markets exceds that expected from the reported legal captures of whales.
Hypothesis:- If whales are being illegally harvested, reported whale captures will be far lower than the number of captures predicted by genetic analyses of whale meat in markets.
Prediction:- Whales are being harvested illegally and their meat sold in markets in Japan.
Test:- Scientists subject whale meat to genetic analysis to determine its likely capture location and to estimate whale captures at that location.
Explanation:
A Scientific method is a basic problem solving step in biology, chemistry and physics.
The scientific method entails:
1) Observation: Data you gathered in thr course of an experiment
2) Question: what you desire to know or have answer to
3) Hypothesis: a possible explanation which can be tested to prove if it is going to be correct or if we need to propose a new hypothesis.
4) Prediction (is dependent on the Hypothesis): the expected outcome
5) Test: to undergo an experiment on the variable or data given.
Many conditions other than those that attack the brain tissue directly can also produce symptoms of neurocognitive disorder. These can be either medical conditions or other types of mental disorders. One cause of neurocognitive disorder is the severe interruption of blood flow to the brain known as a?
Answer:
The neuro cognitive disorder of blood flow to the brain is called as dementia.
Explanation:
When mental function decreases due to mental diseases,the term is called dementia in medical terminology.
There are several causes of dementia are-
Brain injury which is caused by trauma.Intra cerebral hemorrhage,blood clot in the brainBreathing problem like hypoxia.Cardiovascular problems like TIA, Stroke,heart infection etc.Alzheimer disease,Huntington disease,HIV,any injury in brain.Pick disease etcProcessing that is initiated by sensory information about the external environment is called _____ processing.
Answer:
The correct answer is - bottom-up processing.
Explanation:
In sensation and the perception process, there are two general processes - Bottom-up processing and top-down processing. Bottom-up processing is the processing that involves the processing of the sensory information is coming in such as the eyes detect any picture, brain collect all the information all together and you perceive a whole picture.
All the information is processed on the base of the sensory information that comes. Bottom-up is basically collecting information and forming it all together.
Thus, the correct answer is - bottom-up processing.
What theory of hearing contends that areas of the basilar membrane are highly specialized, with each area responding to a different frequency?
Answer: Place theory
Explanation:
Place theory is a theory of hearing that affirms that, the areas of the basilar membrane are highly specialized, with each area responding to a different frequency. Our awareness of sound depends on where each component frequency produces vibrations along the basilar membrane. By this theory, the pitch of a sound, such as a human voice or a musical tone, is determined by the places where the membrane vibrates, based on frequencies corresponding to the tonotopic organization of the primary auditory neurons.
The Place Theory of hearing contends that each area of the basilar membrane is specialized, resonating and responding to specific frequencies.
Explanation:The theory of hearing that posits specialized areas of the basilar membrane, each responding to a different frequency, is known as the Place Theory. According to the Place Theory, specific parts of the basilar membrane resonate and respond to certain frequencies while ignoring others. Each segment corresponds to a specific pitch or frequency, which allows for the perception of different sounds. For example, high frequency sounds vibrate the base of the cochlea, closer to the middle ear, while low frequency sounds vibrate the apex, closer to the center of the cochlea.
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"Using careful experimental design, Blehert and colleagues proved definitively that the fungus Geomyces destructans is the cause of white nose syndrome."
The experiment conducted, support or rejects the hypothesis. Blehert and colleagues have supported their hypothesis which was proven correct.
The experiment they proved that is true through careful experimental design that proves the fungus Geomyces destructions is the cause of 'white-nose syndrome'.
What are Geomyces Destructants?Geomyces destructions is the fungus found in colder regions of the US and Canada. This fungus causes a fatal disease named 'White-nose syndrome' in bats.
White-nose syndrome is a devastating disease that affects hibernating bats, resulting in the death of millions of bats.
Thus, the experimental design that proved to show the fungus Geomyces destructants is the cause of 'white-nose syndrome'.
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Molecules found on the 'rungs' or steps of the DNA ladder.
A.
Sugar and phosphate molecules
B.
Nitrogenous bases held together by hydrogen bonds
C.
deoxyribose
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Who was the first african american to be on a u.S. Postage stamp
Answer:
Booker T. Washington
Explanation:
The first African American to be on a U.S postage stamp is known as Booker T. Washington.
Booker T. Washington lived between April 5, 1856 – November 14, 1915. He served in the capacity as an adviser to many American presidents. An orator and educator that excelled and prospered the national cause of the black race in multi-racial America.
He was self educated American slave.
At the time when white heroes were predominantly featured on the postage stamp, Booker T. Washington broke through the ranks in 1940s.
The fingerlike projections which line the small intestine increase the surface area to maximize absorption and help mix the partially digested chyme with intestinal secretions are:______
Answer:
The correct answer is- Villi
Explanation:
Villi are the finger-like projection present in the highly folded surface of the intestine and line the intestine. Each villus has many microvilli which are microscopic projection on villi. These villi increase the surface area of the intestine because of having many folds. This increase in surface area helps in maximizing the nutrient absorption for the intestine.
It also helps in mixing the chyme with the intestinal secretion. The nutrient which is absorbed is then move to liver through the hepatic portal vein and then distributed in the body.
The fingerlike projections lining the small intestine that increase surface area are known as villi, and they contain an abundance of microvilli to further enhance nutrient absorption. Together, these structures provide a tremendously large surface for the absorption of nutrients from the chyme.
Explanation:The fingerlike projections which line the small intestine increase the surface area to maximize absorption and help mix the partially digested chyme with intestinal secretions are called villi. These villi are essential for the efficient absorption of nutrients as they create a large surface area over which the digested food can come into contact with the cells of the intestine. Moreover, within each villus, there is a network of blood vessels and lymphatics that transport absorbed nutrients to the rest of the body.
Additionally, the cells that line the villi have an even greater number of minute projections known as microvilli. These microvilli substantially contribute to the large surface area of the small intestine. The vast number of microvilli, with estimates of over 100 billion per square inch, ensures that an optimal number of nutrients can be absorbed to meet the body's needs.
Overall, the combination of these structural adaptations, including both villi and microvilli, is what allows the small intestine to efficiently perform its role in nutrient absorption.
The height of a yarrow plant (Achillea millefolium) depends on its genotype and the altitude at which it is raised. Suppose that one of the genotypes produces plants that are tall at low and high elevations and short at medium elevations. In this case we might conclude that the genotype codes for the __________ for the yarrow plant.
Select one:
a. variation range of height
b. norm of reaction for height
c. altitude reaction of height
d. flower color
Answer:
The right answer to this question is B. Norm of reaction for height.
Explanation:
Norm of reaction is a type of study that focus on a single genotype, and how it'll influence the phenotype of the species in different environments. In this case, we're studying Achillea Millefolium, that according to the question, depends on one specific genotype to be or not to be tall. Through this information given by the question, we can be sure that this is a norm of reaction, because after that, to check if the plant is tall of not, we test it on different environments, confirming the norm of reaction again.
The genotype codes for the option b. norm of reaction for height in the yarrow plant. This explains how the plant's height varies with altitude, reflecting its phenotypic expression under different environmental conditions.
In this situation, we can presume that the genotype codes for the standard of response for level in the yarrow plant. The term 'standard of response' alludes to the examples of phenotypic articulation of a genotype under various ecological circumstances.
In your model, the genotype produces tall plants at low and high elevations yet short plants at medium heights. The way the plant's phenotype (height) changes in response to the environmental variable (altitude) is shown by this altitude-dependent variation in height, which is a classic illustration of the norm of reaction.
1.where does the energy required the process of cellular respiration come from?
2.What are the main reactants of cellular respiration?
3.For each molecule of glucose broken down during glycolysis, what is produced?
HELP PLS.
. An inoculated thioglycolate medium culture tube is clear throughout the tube except for dense growth at the bottom of the tube. What is your conclusion?
The organisms are obligate anaerobes.
The organisms are facultative anaerobes.
The organisms are aerotolerant.
The organisms are obligate aerobes.
Answer:
The organisms are obligate anaerobes.
Explanation:
At the bottom of the tube the level of oxygen is zero thats why the dense growth at the bottom of the tube show obligate anaerobic microorganisms.At the middle of the tube micro-aerophilic microorganisms growth can be observed.At the top of the tube obligate aerobic microorganisms will show their growth.The correct conclusion is that the organisms are obligate anaerobes.
In a thioglycolate medium, which is a reduced medium, oxygen is initially present throughout the tube but is gradually used up by the action of the thioglycolate as it is diffusing into the medium from the top. This creates an oxygen gradient with more oxygen at the top and less towards the bottom.
When an inoculated thioglycolate medium culture tube shows dense growth at the bottom and is clear throughout the rest of the tube, it indicates that the organisms have grown only in the absence of oxygen. This is because obligate anaerobes cannot grow in the presence of oxygen; they can only grow in environments where oxygen is absent or in very low concentrations.
The other options can be ruled out based on the growth patterns they would exhibit in this medium:
- Facultative anaerobes can grow in both the presence and absence of oxygen. They would show growth throughout the tube, not just at the bottom.
- Aerotolerant organisms can grow in the presence of oxygen but do not require it. They might show growth throughout the tube, but this would depend on the specific strain and its tolerance to the reduced conditions of the medium.
- Obligate aerobes require oxygen to grow and would only grow at the top of the tube where oxygen is present, not at the bottom.
Therefore, the observation of dense growth only at the bottom of the tube, where oxygen levels are lowest, leads to the conclusion that the organisms are obligate anaerobes.
A pluripotent stem cell _____.
a. can develop into a new organism if placed in a womb after its first four divisions during fertilization
b. can differentiate as one type of cell only
c. is an adult stem cell
d. does not have the ability to develop into a new organism, but can give rise to any of the cell types in a body
e. can allow regeneration of human body parts such as limbs
Answer:
d. does not have the ability to develop into a new organism, but can give rise to any of the cell types in a body
Explanation:
they are referred to as master cells with the ability to make cells from all three basic body layers, so they can potentially produce any cell or tissue the body needs to repair itself.
When comparing liver cells and kidney cells within an organism, many differences can be observed and documented. Which of following is not a difference between liver cells and kidney cells in the same animal?
Choose one:
A. The different cells have different roles in the body.
B. The different cells are generated during the animal's development.
C. The different cells produce different proteins.
D. The different cells express different genes.
E. The different cells have different DNA.
Liver cells and kidney cells in the same animal have different roles in the body and produce different proteins. However, they have the same DNA.
When comparing liver cells and kidney cells within an organism, several differences can be observed. While liver cells and kidney cells have different roles in the body and produce different proteins, one similarity between them is that they have the same DNA. Genes are sections of DNA that provide instructions for the production of proteins, and both liver cells and kidney cells express different genes to carry out their distinct functions.
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An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is ________, while an organism of the genus Spirochaeta is ________.
Answer:
The question lacks options, the options are:
A) spherical / rod shaped
B) rod shaped / coiled
C) spherical / coiled
D) coiled / spherical
The answer is C
Explanation:
All life forms has been classified into a major wide group called DOMAIN. Bacteria is one of the set of organisms classified in this domain. Bacteria are single-celled organisms composed of different species represented by different genera. Two of those genera is the basis of this question; Staphylococcus and Spirochaeta.
Staphylococcus is one of the genera of bacteria. It consists of species that are gram-positive and spherical in shape (coccal) while Spirochaeta is a bacterial genus that consists of species that are gram-negative, motile and spiral or coiled shaped.
Staphylococcus organisms are gram-positive bacteria and can cause a variety of infections, whereas Spirochaeta organisms are gram-negative bacteria, often spiral-shaped, and include species causing diseases like syphilis.
Explanation:An organism of the genus Staphylococcus is gram-positive, while an organism of the genus Spirochaeta is gram-negative.
Staphylococcus is a type of bacteria that's grouped in clusters like grapes. It's gram-positive, meaning it has a thick peptidoglycan layer that will retain the stain used in a gram stain test. Examples include Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause skin infections, pneumonia, and food poisoning.
Spirochaeta, on the other hand, is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. They're gram-negative, possessing a thinner peptidoglycan layer and outer membrane. It will not retain the stain used in a gram stain but will hold a counterstain. Examples include Spirochaeta pallida, which causes the syphilis disease.
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In addition to naming species, Linnaeus also grouped species into a hierarchy of increasingly inclusive categories. The largest category that would include closely related species is:_______.
A) genus.
B) class.
C) order.
D) domain.
Answer:
The correct answer is D) domain
Explanation:
The father of taxonomy is Linnaeus. Taxonomy helps in classify and naming organisms. The modern taxonomy has eight levels of classification. Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.
Domain is the highest level of classification so it is the largest category that would include closely related species. When we go from domain towards species the number of similarities increase and number of organism decrease and vice versa is true when we move from species to domain. So the right answer is domain.
In addition to naming species, Linnaeus also grouped species into a hierarchy of increasingly inclusive categories. The largest category that would include closely related species is A) genus. Therefore A) genus is correct .
In Linnaeus' original system, the broadest and most inclusive category was the "kingdom." He classified organisms into kingdoms based on major differences in form and function.
For example, plants and animals were placed in separate kingdoms.
Over time, as our understanding of evolutionary relationships deepened, the classification system evolved. Domains were introduced to reflect the fundamental differences in the cellular organization of life.
The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Domain: The highest taxonomic rank, grouping organisms based on fundamental differences in cellular structure and biochemistry.
Bacteria and Archaea are composed of prokaryotic cells, while Eukarya includes organisms with eukaryotic cells.
Kingdom: Each domain is further subdivided into kingdoms, reflecting major evolutionary lines.
For example, within the domain Eukarya, you have kingdoms like Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, and more.
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species: These are subsequent hierarchical levels, each getting more specific in its classification. Species is the most specific level, representing individual organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
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Skeletal muscle is _____.
a. "voluntary" because its contraction is deliberate
b. classified as a subtype of cardiac muscle
c. also known as smooth muscle
d. "involuntary" muscle and its movement is not deliberate
e. made up of cells with a single nucleus
Answer:
it should be A
Explanation:
Answer: Option A
Voluntary because its contraction is delibrate
Explanation:
Skeletal muscles are voluntary muscles that are controlled by the somatic nervous system (SNS). They are mostly found in the muscles and are muscles that are attached to bones. Attachment to bones is done by tendons which is made up of many bundles of collagen fibers. Contraction of skeletal muscles are deliberate i.e. voluntary and they are also involved in movement.
The blood leaving the aorta reaches the circle of Willis, a collection of arteries that supplies blood to the brain. Assume that it takes 600 ms for blood to reach the circle of Willis and that its average velocity is reduced to 61 cm/s. What is the average acceleration experienced by the blood?
Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
Please see the attached image for initial velocity and the options for this question are
A.−67.0 cm/s2
B.−0.670 cm/s2
C.0.670 cm/s2
D.67.0 cm/s2
Solution
Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity or speed.
Mathematically it can be represented as
[tex]da = \frac{dv}{dt}[/tex]
where a represents the acceleration, v represents the velocity and t represents the time taken.
Given
time is equal to [tex]600[/tex] ms
or
[tex]0.6[/tex] seconds
Substituting the given values in above equation we get
[tex]a = \frac{101-61}{0.6} \\= 66.67 \frac{m}{s^2}[/tex]
Hence, option D is correct
The average acceleration of blood reaching the circle of Willis, with average velocity of 61 cm/s over 600 ms, is calculated using the formula for acceleration and found to be 101.67 cm/s^2.
Explanation:The question involves computing the average acceleration experienced by the blood as it travels from the aorta to the circle of Willis. To find the acceleration, we can use the formula a = (v_f - v_i)/t, where v_f is the final velocity, v_i is the initial velocity (assumed to be zero if not given), and t is the time taken.
Given that the average velocity when it reaches the circle of Willis is 61 cm/s and assuming the initial velocity is 0 (since we are calculating the average acceleration from rest), and the time taken is 600 ms or 0.6 seconds, we can calculate the acceleration as follows:
a = (61 cm/s - 0) / 0.6 s
a = 101.67 cm/s2
The average acceleration experienced by the blood is 101.67 cm/s2. This value is positive, indicating that the blood is speeding up as it travels to the circle of Willis.
Which blood cell type is elevated at birth but decreases to adult levels during the first year of life?
Answer:
The correct answer is monocyte
Explanation:
The largest white blood cell in the circulation is monocyte. A high level of monocyte indicates inflammation and chronic infection. During birth, the monocyte level becomes elevated as compared to adults.
These monocyte plays an important role in providing innate immunity to the neonate because during birth the child is at the great risk of getting infection. Monocyte can be differentiated into dendritic cell or tissue macrophages and destroy pathogens in neonates. Therefore the correct answer is monocyte.