Complete each sentence using the drop-down menus.

Desertification mainly impacts resources.

Point and nonpoint sources refer to types of pollution.

The process of people moving to cities, called , greatly impacts land, air, and water resources.

The burning of fossil fuels can cause .

Answer:

[tex]\boxed{\text{c) Mg}}[/tex]

Explanation:

Think of it this way.

The Mg half-reaction has the most negative potential, so it has the least tendency to go to the right.

For the same reason, it has the greatest tendency to go to the left.

The oxidation half-reaction would be

Mg ⟶ Mg²⁺ + 2e⁻    E° = 2.37 V

[tex]\text{The most readily oxidized species is \boxed{\textbf{Mg}}}[/tex]

Answer:

The correct answer to your question is:  C

Explanation:

A. The noble gases are very unstable.  This option is wrong because noble gases are the most stable elements.

B. In the world, elements are usually in their pure form.  this option is wrong because most of the elements are part of compounds.

C. Eight electrons in the outer shell is the most stable configuration.  This option is correct, metals and non metals reach stability by gaining or losing electrons to reach electrons

D. A chemical bond is a strong attractive force between atoms. This option is also right, this is a correct definition of chemical bond.

trueee hope it helpsss

The given statement is true. Privacy and cleanliness are considered as two priorities for the guest quarters.

Quarters are place where people stay as guest for some duration of time. People consider many priorities while booking hotels or quarters for their stay because as they are going to live in it for some span of time.

The first two priorities include privacy and cleanliness. They look out for both the external as well as internal cleanliness. External cleanliness includes surroundings, laws, etc., whereas the inner cleanliness includes right from the articles present in the room till the toilet of the room. As they are living in another individual living area they obviously demand for some sort of privacy.

Answer:

18.94%.

Explanation:

kt = ln [A₀]/[A]

k is the rate constant = 1.21 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹.

t is the time = 13,750 years.

[A₀] is the initial percentage of carbon-14 = 100.0 %.

[A] is the remaining percentage of carbon-14 = ??? %.

∵ kt = ln [Ao]/[A]

∴ (1.21 x 10⁻⁴ year⁻¹)(13,750 years) = ln (100.0%)/[A]

1.664 =  ln (100.0%)/[A]

Taking exponential for both sides:

5.279 = (100.0%)/[A]

∴ [A] = (100.0%)/5.279 = 18.94%.

If a tree dies and the trunk remains undisturbed for 13,750 years, 18.94% of the original C-14 will still be present.

Radioactive decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation.

C-14 decays with a half-life (th) of 5730 years. We can calculate the rate constant (k) using the following expression.

k = ln2 / th = ln2 / 5730 y = 1.210 × 10⁻⁴ y⁻¹

The decay follows first-order kinetics. We can calculate the fraction of the original C-14 after 13,759 years using the following expression.

[tex][C]/[C]_0 = e^{-k.t} \\[C]/[C]_0 = e^{-(1.210.10^{-4}y^{-1} ).(13,750y)} = 0.1894 = 18.94 \%[/tex]

where,

If a tree dies and the trunk remains undisturbed for 13,750 years, 18.94% of the original C-14 will still be present.

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It will be appropriate for bill to stay for 30 minutes.

Final answer:

The process of sp³ hybridization involves the mixing of an s orbital with three p orbitals to form four sp³ hybrid orbitals. This type of hybridization occurs in molecules like methane. On the other hand, sp² hybridization involves the mixing of an s orbital with two p orbitals to form three sp² hybrid orbitals, which occurs in molecules like boron trifluoride and ethene. Lastly, sp hybridization is the mixing of an s orbital with a single p orbital to form two sp hybrid orbitals, which occurs in molecules like beryllium hydride.

Explanation:

sp³ hybridization is a process where an s orbital and three p orbitals mix to form a set of four sp³ hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are arranged in a tetrahedral geometry, with each lobe of the hybrid orbitals pointing towards one of the corners of the tetrahedron. This type of hybridization occurs in molecules such as methane (CH₄).

sp² hybridization is the mixing of an s orbital and two p orbitals to form a set of three sp² hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are arranged in a trigonal planar geometry, with each lobe of the hybrid orbital pointing towards one corner of the triangle. This type of hybridization occurs in molecules such as boron trifluoride (BF₃) and ethene (C₂H₄).

sp hybridization is the mixing of an s orbital with a single p orbital to form a set of two sp hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are oriented linearly, with each lobe of the hybrid orbital pointing in opposite directions. This type of hybridization occurs in molecules such as beryllium hydride (BeH₂).

In the case of ethene (C₂H₄), each carbon atom undergoes sp² hybridization to form three sp² hybrid orbitals. One of these hybrid orbitals forms a bond with the identical hybrid orbital on the other carbon atom, resulting in the formation of a double bond. The remaining two hybrid orbitals form bonds with the 1s orbitals of two hydrogen atoms. The unhybridized 2pz orbitals on each carbon atom form another bond by overlapping sideways with each other.

The concept of orbital hybridization allows atomic orbitals to combine and form hybrid orbitals that have different energy and orientation compared to the constituent orbitals. In the case of carbon, different combinations of s and p orbitals can produce four sp³, three sp², or two sp hybrid orbitals.

An sp³ hybrid orbital can also hold a lone pair of electrons. For example, in ammonia (NH₃), the nitrogen atom is surrounded by three bonding pairs and a lone pair of electrons. The nitrogen atom undergoes sp³ hybridization, with one hybrid orbital occupied by the lone pair.

Withholding personal judgment against people with mental illness is important to understand their troubles objectively and provide support.

The main importance of withholding personal judgment against people with mental illness is that it allows us to attempt to objectively understand a person's troubles. When we withhold personal judgment, we can empathize with individuals suffering from mental illness and provide them with the support and care they need. Additionally, by not judging, we create an environment that encourages open communication and reduces the stigma surrounding mental health.

The study of chemicals and bonds is called chemistry. There are different types of elements and these are metals and nonmetals.

The wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave.

According to the question, the answer to both questions is as follows:-

For more information about the matter, refer to the link:-

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Answer:

[H⁺] = 1.0 x 10⁻¹² M.

Explanation:

∵ [H⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.

[OH⁻] = 1 x 10⁻² mol/L.

∴ [H⁺] =  10⁻¹⁴/[OH⁻] = (10⁻¹⁴)/(1 x 10⁻² mol/L) = 1.0 x 10⁻¹² M.

∵ pH = - log[H⁺] = - log(1.0 x 10⁻¹² M) = 12.0.

∴ The solution is basic, since pH id higher than 7 and also the  [OH⁻] > [H⁺].

These are four questons and four answers:

Answers:

Explanation:

Question 1) Cl₂O₇:

a) Net charge of the compound: 0

b) Rule: oxygen works with oxidation state +2, except with peroxides.

d) Rule: balance of charges: ∑ of the charges = net charge

Call X the oxidation number of Cl:

Conclusion: the oxidation number of Cl in Cl₂O₇ is 7⁺.

Question 2) AlCl₄⁻

a) Net charge of the ion: - 1

b) Rule: common oxidation number of Al in compounds: +3

c) Rule: balance of charges: ∑ charges = net charge = - 1

Conclusion: the oxidation number of Cl in AlCl₄⁻ is 1 ⁻.

Question 3) Ba(ClO₂)₂

a) Net charge of the compound: 0

b) Rule: common oxidation number of BA in compounds: +2

c) Rule: common oxidation number of O in compounds (except in peroxides): -2

d) Rule: balance of charges: ∑ charges = net charge = 0

Conclusion: the oxidation number of Cl in Ba(ClO₂)₂  is 3⁺.

Question 4) CIF₄⁺

a) Net charge of the ion: + 1

b) Rule: common oxidation number of F : - 1 (it is the most electronegative)

c) Rule: balance of charges: ∑ charges = net charge = + 1

Conclusion: the oxidation number of Cl in ClF₄⁺ is 5⁺.

Answer:

1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M.

Explanation:

∵ pH = - log[H⁺].

∴ 5.0 = - log[H⁺].

log[H⁺] = - 5.0.

∴ [H⁺] = 1.0 x 10⁻⁵ M.

∵ [H⁺][OH⁻] = 10⁻¹⁴.

∴ [OH⁻] =  10⁻¹⁴/[H⁺] = (10⁻¹⁴)/(1.0 x 10⁻⁵ M) = 1.0 x 10⁻⁹ M.

gluons because they so tightly  glue quarks together.

Answer:

Oxygen is a product of photosynthesis and a reactant in cellular respiration.

Explanation:

During photosynthesis green plants manufacture their food using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight. The product of this reaction is formation of food and oxygen gas to the environment. Therefore, oxygen is given off during photosynthesis.

During cellular respiration, organisms use oxggen gas to liberate energy from food. Most times carbon dioxide is the waste product from the reaction.

Final answer:

Oxygen is produced as a byproduct of photosynthesis and consumed as a reactant in cellular respiration. These two processes are connected in the carbon cycle, recycling oxygen and carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere.

Explanation:

The role of oxygen in photosynthesis and cellular respiration is reciprocal. During photosynthesis, oxygen is produced as a byproduct when water molecules are split to provide electrons. This process consumes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. On the other hand, during cellular respiration, oxygen is a reactant that works alongside glucose to produce ATP, which is the main energy currency in cells. As a result, carbon dioxide and water are generated as waste products.

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are intimately connected in the biological carbon cycle. The oxygen released during photosynthesis is the same oxygen that is consumed during cellular respiration. This relationship sustains life on Earth by recycling oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Oxygen also enables cellular respiration to occur efficiently, allowing organisms to produce the ATP necessary for cellular functions.

Answer:

You must remove [tex]\text{50.6 kJ}[/tex] .

Explanation:

There are three heat transfers in this process:

Total heat = cool the vapour + condense the vapour + cool the liquid  

       q          =           q₁            +                q₂                   +           q₃

       q          =       nC₁ΔT₁        +          nΔHcond             +        nC₂ΔT₂

Let's calculate these heat transfers separately.

Data:

You don't give "the data below", so I will use my best estimates from the NIST Chemistry WebBook. You can later substitute your own values.

C₁ = specific heat capacity of vapour = 90 J·K⁻¹mol⁻¹

C₂ = specific heat capacity of liquid   = 115 J·K⁻¹mol⁻¹

ΔHcond = -38.56 kJ·mol⁻¹

Tmax = 300   °C

  b.p. =   78.4 °C

Tmin =   25.0 °C

n = 0.782 mol

Calculations:

ΔT₁ = 78.4 - 300 = -221.6 K

q₁ = 0.782 × 90 × (-221.6) = -15 600 J = -15.60 kJ

q₂ = 0.782 × (-38.56) = -30.15 kJ

ΔT = 25.0 - 78.4 = -53.4 K

q₃ = 0.782 × 115 × (-53.4) = -4802 J = 4.802 kJ

q = -15.60 - 53.4 - 4.802 = -50.6 kJ

You must remove [tex]\text{50.6 kJ}[/tex] of heat to convert the vapour to a gas.

To find the total heat needed to convert the gaseous ethanol to liquid, one must first consider the cooling of the gaseous ethanol, then the condensation of the gaseous ethanol, and lastly cooling the liquid ethanol to 25 degrees Celsius. Each step requires a specific calculation, and the final heat value is the sum of all energies calculated in these three steps, with all values converted to the same energy unit for accuracy.

We first need to handle the cooling of the gaseous ethanol. For this, we'll use the specific heat capacity ... Given that the heat capacity (cv) of ethanol is about 75 J/mol*K (approximated because the exact value can vary), the heat loss (q1) could be calculated in this way:

q = cv * n * ΔT = 75J/mol*K * 0.782mol * (300-25)K

Subsequently, for condensation, we'll use the heat of condensation ... Assuming the heat of condensation of ethanol to be around 38.56 kJ/mol (procured from a standard table or book), we get:

q = ΔHvap * n = 38.56 kJ/mol * 0.782 mol

Lastly, we need to consider cooling the liquid ethanol to 25°C ... Therefore, knowing that the specific heat of liquid ethanol is about 112 J/mol*K:

q = c * n * ΔT = 112J/mol*K * 0.782mol * (78.37-25)K

Summing all these energies, then converting to an identical energy unit, gives you the total energy required.

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Answer:

Iron

Explanation:

Heat released by the metal sample will be equivalent to the heat absorbed by  water.

But heat = mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change

Thus;

Heat released by the metal;

= 45.9 g × c ×(95.2 -24.5) , where c is the specific heat capacity of the metal

= 3245.13c joules

Heat absorbed by water;

= 120 g × 4.18 J/g°C × (24.5-21.6)

= 1454.64 joules

Therefore;

3245.13c joules = 1454.64 joules

c = 1454.64/3245.13

  = 0.448 J/g°C

The specific heat capacity of the  metal sample is 0.448 J/g°C. The metal use is most likely, Iron.

The metal used is copper.

The specific heat equation, q = mcΔT, can be used to determine the metal used. By plugging in the given values and solving for the metal's specific heat, we find that the closest value is to copper. Therefore, the metal used is copper.

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Answer:

It turns clear phenolphthalein pink.

answer above is for second answer

Explanation:

The statement that is most likely true about HBr is It turns blue litmus red

From the question, we are to determine which statement is most likely true about HBr

HBr is Hydrobromic acid. Since it HBr is an acid, it must have the properties  of an acid

Some of the properties of an acid are

Hence, the statement that is most likely true about HBr is It turns blue litmus red

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Answer:

Explanation:

Balance is achieved when a reaction is in equilibrium.

At equilibrium, the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backward or reverse process.

Electrons exist in specified energy levels surrounding the nucleus.

Answer:

electrons exist in specified energy levels surrounding the nucleus.

Answer: Oxygen

Explanation:

Answer: The substance which gets reduced in the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is oxygen.

Explanation:

A reduced substance undergoes reduction reaction. This is defined as the reaction in which an atom gains electrons.

A fuel cell is defined as the electrochemical cell which converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often used hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often used oxygen) into electrical energy via a pair of redox reactions.

The reactions which occur in hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell are:

At cathode:  [tex]H_2+2OH^-\rightarrow 2H_2O+2e^-[/tex]

At anode:  [tex]\frac{1}{2}O_2+H_2O+2e^-\rightarrow 2OH^-[/tex]

As, the oxygen is gaining electrons from the above reaction. Thus, it is undergoing reduction reaction and is getting reduced.

Hence, the substance which gets reduced in the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is oxygen.

Answer:

all of the above I'm pretty sure

When deciding whom to invite to a party, one should consider the ages, interests, and favorites of guests, the time of the party, and the place the party is to be held, as these factors influence the event's success and shape the relationships among attendees.

When deciding whom to invite to a party, it is essential to consider all of the above: the ages, interests, and favorites of guests; the time of the party; and the place the party is to be held. This comprehensive approach ensures that the party is enjoyable for all attendees and suits their preferences and schedules. Not only do these factors play a crucial role in the immediate success of the event, but they can also impact the long-term relationships and social dynamics among those attending.

Considering the ages of guests is important for various reasons. From the practicality of socializing with children of differing ages, as a four-year-old would have different needs and restrictions compared to a four-month-old, to understanding the societal expectations and roles as host or guest in a setting. Furthermore, the interests of guests inform the activities and conversations that will resonate with the crowd. Additionally, by accommodating individuals' favorites, be it food, music, or decorations, you curate a personalized experience that can strengthen relationships.

The time of the party dictates its atmosphere and can affect the availability of your guests. An evening event may suit adults, while a midday gathering might be better for children. Finally, the place where the party is held influences the mood, comfort, and possible activities. Whether in a public venue or a private home, the setting establishes the tone for the interactions and experiences of those present.

Answer:

h. 37.5 cm³

Explanation:

where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.

V is the volume of the gas in L.

n  is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.

R is the general gas constant,

T is the temperature of the gas in K.

(V₁T₂) = (V₂T₁).  

V₁ = 50.0 cm³, T₁ = -73°C + 273 = 200 K,

V₂ = ??? cm³, ​T₂ = -123°C + 273 = 150 K.

∴ V₂ = (V₁T₂)/(T₁) = (50.0 cm³)(150 K)/(200 K) = 37.5 cm³.

The molarity of the NaOH solution is calculated by determining the moles of KHP, which is 0.002693 mol, and then using the volume of the NaOH solution that reacted with KHP. The molarity comes out to be 0.1068 M.

To determine the molarity of the NaOH solution, we need to know the stoichiometry of the reaction between NaOH and KHP (potassium hydrogen phthalate). The equation for the reaction is:

KHP + NaOH -> KNaP + H2O

Each mole of KHP reacts with one mole of NaOH. First, we determine the moles of KHP:

Molar mass of KHP (C8H5KO4) = 204.22 g/mol

Moles of KHP = mass of KHP / molar mass of KHP

Moles of KHP = 0.550 g / 204.22 g/mol = 0.002693 mol KHP

Since the mole ratio between KHP and NaOH is 1:1, the moles of NaOH will also be 0.002693 mol. We can now determine the molarity (M) of the NaOH solution.

Molarity (M) = moles of solute / liters of solution

Molarity of NaOH = 0.002693 mol / 0.02521 L = 0.1068 M

Therefore, the molarity of the NaOH solution is 0.1068 M.

The molarity of the NaOH solution is [tex]{0.107 \text{ M}[/tex]

To find the molarity of the NaOH solution, follow these steps:

1. Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between NaOH and KHP (potassium hydrogen phthalate). The reaction is as follows:

  [tex]\[ \text{NaOH} + \text{KHC}_8\text{H}_4\text{O}_4 \rightarrow \text{KNaC}_8\text{H}_4\text{O}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \][/tex]

2. Calculate the moles of KHP that reacted with the NaOH solution. The molar mass of KHP [tex](KHC$_8$H$_4$O$_4$)[/tex] is 204.22 g/mol. Using the given mass of KHP (0.550 g), we can find the moles of KHP:

  [tex]\[ \text{moles of KHP} = \frac{\text{mass of KHP}}{\text{molar mass of KHP}} = \frac{0.550 \text{ g}}{204.22 \text{ g/mol}} \][/tex]

3. Perform the calculation for the moles of KHP:

  [tex]\[ \text{moles of KHP} = \frac{0.550}{204.22} \approx 0.002693 \text{ mol} \][/tex]

4. Since the reaction between NaOH and KHP occurs in a 1:1 molar ratio, the moles of NaOH that reacted with KHP are equal to the moles of KHP:

 [tex]\[ \text{moles of NaOH} = \text{moles of KHP} = 0.002693 \text{ mol} \][/tex]

5. Calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution. The volume of the NaOH solution used is 25.21 ml, which is equivalent to 0.02521 L (since 1 L = 1000 ml):

 [tex]\[ \text{Molarity of NaOH} = \frac{\text{moles of NaOH}}{\text{volume of NaOH in liters}} = \frac{0.002693 \text{ mol}}{0.02521 \text{ L}} \][/tex]

6. Perform the calculation for the molarity of NaOH:

  [tex]\[ \text{Molarity of NaOH} = \frac{0.002693}{0.02521} \approx 0.1068 \text{ M} \][/tex]

7. To express the molarity with the correct number of significant figures, consider the given data. The volume of NaOH has four significant figures (25.21 ml), and the mass of KHP has three significant figures (0.550 g). Therefore, the molarity should be expressed with three significant figures:

  [tex]\[ \text{Molarity of NaOH} = 0.107 \text{ M} \][/tex]

Answer:

Explanation:

Attractive forces between the gase molecules become significant at lower temperatures

Reason for that is when the temperature of the molecules decrease .the kinetic energy also decreases .at a certain low temperature the gases change into the liquid state . Therefore the attractive forces between these gas molecules become very significant near liquefying temperature . that's why they deviate from their original behavior at low temperature

Real gases deviate from ideal gas behavior primarily due to intermolecular attractions and the volumes of the gas molecules. The effects of these factors are more pronounced at high pressures and low temperatures.

The behavior of real gases deviates from ideal gas behavior due to intermolecular attractions and the finite volume of gas molecules. Attractive forces between molecules have the effect of pulling them closer together, which decreases the pressure or volume. This phenomenon is more pronounced at low temperatures as the lower kinetic energy (KE) at cold temperatures can't overcome these attractions as efficiently.

On the contrary, as the pressure increases the volume of the gas molecules themselves becomes appreciable relative to the total volume occupied by the gas. Therefore, real gases behave more like ideal gases at relatively low pressures and high temperatures, and significant deviations occur at high pressures and low temperatures.

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Answer:

0.42%

Explanation:

∵ pH = - log[H⁺].

2.72 = - log[H⁺]

∴ [H⁺] = 1.905 x 10⁻³.

∵ [H⁺] = √Ka.C

∴ [H⁺]² = Ka.C

∴ ka = [H⁺]²/C = (1.905 x 10⁻³)²/(0.45) = 8.068 x 10⁻⁶.

∵ Ka = α²C.

Where, α is the degree of dissociation.

∴ α = √(Ka/C) = √(8.065 x 10⁻⁶/0.45) = 4.234 x 10⁻³.

∴ percentage ionization of the acid = α x 100 = (4.233 x 10⁻³)(100) = 0.4233% ≅ 0.42%.

The answer is 0.42% just did it ;)

OPTION A.

In nuclear decay, if the atomic number decreases by one but the mass number is unchanged, the radiation emitted is a positron. This type of decay is known as positron emission.

During nuclear decay, if the atomic number decreases by one but the mass number is unchanged, the radiation emitted is, in fact, a positron. This type of decay is called positron emission. In positron emission, a proton in the nucleus is converted into a neutron, and a positron is emitted. This process leads to a decrease in the atomic number by one unit but the mass number remains unchanged as the overall amount of nucleons (protons + neutrons) is conserved.

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During nuclear decay, if the atomic number decreases by one but the mass number is unchanged, the radiation emitted is a beta particle.

During nuclear decay, if the atomic number decreases by one but the mass number is unchanged, the radiation emitted is a beta particle. Beta particles are high-energy electrons or positrons that are emitted during the decay of a nucleus. They have a negative charge and are smaller than alpha particles, making them capable of penetrating further through materials. This type of decay is referred to as beta decay.

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Answer:

235/92U+10n→144/54Xe+90/38Sr+2/10n

Explanation:

235/92U+10n→144/54Xe+90/38Sr+2/10n

Answer:

12.81.

Explanation:

M = (no. of moles of solute)/(Volume of the solution (L))

M = (mass/molar mass) NaCl / (Volume of the solution (L))

mass of Ba(OH)₂ = 274 mg = 0.274 g, molar mass of Ba(OH)₂ = 171.34 g/mol, Volume of water = 50.0 mL = 0.05 L.

M = (mass/molar mass) Ba(OH)₂ / (Volume of the solution (L)) = (0.274 g / 171.34 g/mol) / (0.05 L) = 0.03 M.

Ba(OH)₂ → Ba²⁺ + 2OH⁻,

Every 1.0 mol of Ba(OH)₂ gives 2.0 moles of OH⁻.

∴ [OH⁻] = 2(0.032 M) = 0.064 M.

∵ pOH = -log[OH⁻]

∴ pOH = -log(0.064) = 1.194.

∵ pH + pOH = 14.

∴ pH = 14 - pOH = 14 - 1.194 = 12.81.

Answer:  (a) [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex]

Explanation:

The metal with negative reduction potential will easily lose electrons and thus is oxidized and the one with positive reduction potential will easily gain electrons and thus is reduced.

Where both [tex]E^0[/tex] are standard reduction potentials.

[tex]E^0_{[Pb^{2+}/Pb]}=-0.126V[/tex]

[tex]E^0_{[Cr^{3+}/Cr]}=-0.74V[/tex]

[tex]E^0_{[Fe^{2+}/Fe]}=-0.44V[/tex]

[tex]E^0_{[Sn^{2+}/Sn]}=-0.13V[/tex]

Thus here [tex]Pb^{2+}[/tex] with negative reduction potential and least magnitude has the most tendency to gain electrons and thus can be most easily reduced.

Answer:

160.9 mol ≅ 161.0 mol.

Explanation:

Using cross multiplication:

1.0 mole of Fe(NO₃)₃ contains → 6.022 x 10²³ formula units.

??? mole of Fe(NO₃)₃ contains → 9.69 x 10²⁵ formula units.

∴ The no. of moles of He contains (9.69 x 10²⁵ formula units) = (1.0 mol)(9.69 x 10²⁵ formula units.)/(6.022 x 10²³ formula units) = 160.9 mol ≅ 161.0 mol.

Answer:

Sublimation occurs in solids with vapor pressures that exceed atmospheric pressure at or near room temperature.

Explanation:

For a solid to undergo sublimation, it must have relatively low intermolecular forces on the surface allowing it to transition directly from solid to gas with the addition of energy. The heat of sublimation (AHsub) is key in understanding this process, which involves the sum of the heat of fusion and vaporization.

A solid must have certain properties to undergo sublimation. Sublimation is the direct conversion of a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. To sublimate, the solid should have sufficient intermolecular forces on the surface that can be overcome relatively easily with the addition of energy, such as heat. This is why substances with higher vapor pressures near room temperature can often undergo sublimation.

The amount of energy required for a solid to sublimate is indicated by the heat of sublimation (AHsub), which is the sum of the heat of fusion (AHfus) and the heat of vaporization (AHvap). This is an application of Hess's law and signifies the total amount of energy needed to change the phase from solid to gas. The equation Q = mLs is used to calculate the energy involved in the process, where Ls represents the heat of sublimation.

Common examples of substances that can sublimate include dry ice (CO2), iodine, naphthalene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene. Substances that sublimate have unique uses, such as dry ice being a good refrigerant, because it cools through the endothermic sublimation process without leaving a liquid residue as it transitions to gas.