A certain amount of chlorine gas was placed inside a cylinder with a movable piston at one end. The initial volume was 3.00 L and the initial pressure of chlorine was 1.85 atm . The piston was pushed down to change the volume to 1.00 L. Calculate the final pressure of the gas if the temperature and number of moles of chlorine remain constant

Answer:

The pH for a 0.117 M solution of NaHA is 2.227

Explanation:

To solve the question we check the difference in the Ka values thus

Ka₁ / Ka₂ = 7500000 < 10⁸ so we are required to calculate each value as follows

We therefore have

H₂X→ H⁺¹+HX⁻¹ with Ka₁ = 3.0 × 10⁻⁴

Therefore

3.0 × 10⁻⁴ = (x²)/(0.117)

x² = 3.0 × 10⁻⁴ ×0.117 and x = 5.925 × 10⁻³ = [H⁺]

Similarly

Ka₂ =  4.0 × 10⁻¹¹

and

4.0 × 10⁻¹¹= (x²)/(0.117)

x²= 0.117× 4.0 × 10⁻¹¹

x= 2.16× 10⁻⁶

Total H⁺ =  5.925 × 10⁻³+2.16× 10⁻⁶ = 5.927 × 10⁻³

Since pH = -log of hydrogen ion concentration,

pH = - log 5.927 × 10⁻³ = 2.227

Answer:

D) Because members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce

In an ecosystem, because members of the second troop were better able to avoid predators, more of them were able to reproduce.

Ecosystem is defined as a system which consists of all living organisms and the physical components with which the living beings interact. The abiotic and biotic components are linked to each other through nutrient cycles and flow of energy.

Energy enters the system through the process of photosynthesis .Animals play an important role in transfer of energy as they feed on each other.As a result of this transfer of matter and energy takes place through the system .Living organisms also influence the quantity of biomass present.By decomposition of dead plants and animals by microbes nutrients are released back in to the soil.

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Answer:

330 mL of (NH₄)₂SO₄ are needed

Explanation:

First of all, we determine the reaction:

(NH₄)₂SO₄  +  2NaOH →  2NH₃  +  2H₂O  +  Na₂SO₄

We determine the moles of base:

(First, we convert the volume from mL to L) → 62.6 mL . 1L/1000 mL = 0.0626L

Molarity . volume (L) = 2.31 mol/L . 0.0626 L = 0.144 moles

Ratio is 2:1. Therefore we make a rule of three:

2 moles of hydroxide react with 1 mol of sulfate

Then, 0.144 moles of NaOH must react with (0.144 .1) /2 = 0.072 moles

If we want to determine the volume → Moles / Molarity

0.072 mol / 0.218 mol/L = 0.330 L

We convert from L to mL → 0.330L . 1000 mL/1L = 330 mL

Answer:

The answer to your question is below

Explanation:

This student is wrong.

Chemical bonds are forces that hold atoms together to form a molecule or compound. These interactions are inside the molecule. Example

Ionic bond: NaCl   (sodium and chlorine).

Intermolecular forces are weaker than chemical bonds and they are forces between atoms or molecules. These interactions are among different molecules.

Example

Two molecules of water interact forming hydrogen bridges.

Answer:

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.79 °C/m

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of Paradichlorobenzene = 2.00 grams

Mass of cyclohexane = 22.5 grams

Boiling point of the solution = 82.39 °C

Boiling point of pure cyclohexane = 80.70 °C

Molar mass of Paradichlorobenzene = 147 g/mol

Step 2: Calculate moles Paradichlorobenzene

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = mass / molar mass

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = 2.00 grams / 147 g/mol

Moles Paradichlorobenzene = 0.0136 moles

Step 3: Calculate molality

Molality = moles Paradichlorobenzene / mass cyclohexane

Molality = 0.0136 moles / 0.0225 kg

Molality = 0.605 molal

Step 4: Calculate Kb

Kb = change in boiling point / molality of solution  

 ⇒ Change in boiling point = 82.39 - 80.70 = 1.69 °C

⇒ molality = 0.605 molal

Kb = 1.69 °C / 0.605 molal = 2.79 °C/m

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.79 °C/m

Answer:

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.80°C/m

Explanation:

delta T = 82.39 - 80.70 = 1.69 °C

Moles C6H4Cl2 = 2.00 g/ 147.0 g/mol= 0.0136

molality = 0.0136 mol / 0.0225 Kg = 0.604

1.69 = 0.604 x kf

kf = 2.80

The Kb for cyclohexane is 2.80°C/m

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Answer:

In an exothermic reaction, q is negative while w is positive.

In an endothermic reaction, q is positive while w is negative

Explanation:

An Exothermic reaction is one in which the heat content of the system is greater than the heat content of the surroundings. As a result of this, heat (measured by Q) is given off into the surroundings and the surroundings is hotter than than the system. The heat emitted does work against the surroundings, hence the value of work done W is positive.

An endothermic reaction is the opposite of an exothermic reaction.

During an endothermic reaction, the heat content of the reactants is lesser than the heat content of the products. The surroundings then does work on the system , resulting in heat (measured by Q) being absorbed from the surroundings into the system, making the system hotter than than the surroundings. The value of work done W in an endothermic reaction is negative because the system does work against the surroundings.

Explanation:

Answer:

Explanation:

The detailed steps and calculations is as shown in the attached file.

Answer:

 Number of molecules of H2=4.5454375x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]

Explanation

Given:

P1=P2=0.5 atmosphere=0.505x[tex]10^{5}[/tex]pa

T1=T2=300k

V1=10 liters of O2

N=5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules

10 liters of H2

V2=? liters of O2

H2=1/16 of O2

Procedure:

for every liter of H2, there are 16 liters of O2 since H2=1/16 of O2,

Therefore, 10 liters of H2= 160 liters of O2 i.e.

V2=160 liters of O2.

Applying ideal gas equation,

VP=NkT :where P is pressure, V is volume, N is number of molecules, T is temperature in kelvin and k is Boltzman constant=1.38X[tex]10^{-23}[/tex]J/K.

considering change in volume of O2, N can be calculated as follows:

V1P1=N1kT1..................................(1)

V2P2=N2kT2...............................(2)

dividing (2) by (1)

V2P2/V1P1=N2kT2/N1kT1

but P1=P2 and T1=T2 since they remain the same, they cancel out.

∵ V2/V1=N2/N1

substituting values, we have

160/110=N2/5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex]

N2=1.4545x5.0x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] =7.2727x[tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules of O2

Recall that

N2 of H2=1/16 of N2 of O2

∵Number of molecules of H2=1/16 of 7.2727x[tex]10^{22}[/tex]

=4.5454x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]

Number of molecules of H2=4.5454375x[tex]10^{21}[/tex]

Answer:

The new volume of the balloon when the pressure equalised with the pressure of the atmosphere = 494 L.

The balloon expands by am additional 475 L.

Explanation:

Assuming Helium behaves like an ideal gas and temperature is constant.

According to Boyle's law for ideal gases, at constant temperature,

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

P₁ = 26 atm

V₁ = 19.0 L

P₂ = 1 atm (the balloon is said to expand till the pressure matches the pressure of the atmpsphere; and the pressure of the atmosphere is 1 atm)

V₂ = ?

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

(26 × 19) = 1 × V₂

V₂ = 494 L (it is assumed the balloon never bursts)

The new volume of the balloon when the pressure equalised with the pressure of the atmosphere = 494 L.

The balloon expands by am additional 475 L.

Hope this Helps!!!

Using the ideal gas law, the volume of the balloon when it stops inflating and the pressures equalize would be 494.0 L, as calculated from the initial pressure and volume of the tank and the atmospheric pressure.

The question concerns the behavior of gases under different conditions and relates to the ideal gas law, which is a fundamental concept in chemistry. When a balloon is filled with helium from a tank with a pressure of 26.0 atm and a volume of 19.0 L, the balloon will inflate until the pressure inside the balloon equals the outside atmospheric pressure. At this point, the volume of the balloon could be derived using the ideal gas law, which states that for a fixed amount of gas at constant temperature, the product of the pressure and volume (P1V1) will be equal to the product of the final pressure and volume (P2V2). In this scenario, assuming the temperature remains constant and the atmospheric pressure is 1 atm, we apply the equation P1V1 = P2V2.

Given that P1 is 26.0 atm and V1 is 19.0 L, and P2 is 1.0 atm (atmospheric pressure), we can solve for V2 as follows: V2 = (P1V1/P2) = (26.0 atm * 19.0 L) / 1.0 atm = 494.0 L. The volume of the balloon when it stops inflating and the pressures equalize would be 494.0 L.

Answer:

Cellular respiration is the process by which the molecules of food are broken down into simple components due to the oxidation process resulting in the release of cellular energy in the form of ATP. Cellular respiration involves the oxidation of fats, carbohydrates (sugars), and proteins which are fuels for the cellular respiration process.

The combustion is also an exothermic reaction just like cellular respiration. Combustion is a process of burning, in this, the reactants are reacted with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water. For example, gasoline is octane and it burns to produce water and carbon dioxide as products.

Combustion and cellular respiration are energy-releasing processes with differences in mechanisms and outcomes. Cellular respiration generates ATP and happens in cells, while combustion releases energy as heat and light.

Combustion and cellular respiration are two processes that release energy through the breakdown of substances, but they differ significantly in their mechanisms and outcomes.

Key Differences

In summary, cellular respiration occurs in the mitochondria of cells and converts glucose into ATP using oxygen, whereas combustion breaks down various fuels with oxygen to release energy as heat and light.

Answer:

a) The temperature of the beaker rises as this transfer of heat goes on.

b) Check Explanation.

Explanation:

a) The heat lost by the piece of metal is normally gained by the all the components that it comes in contact with after the heating procedure.

(Heat lost by piece of metal) = (Heat gained by the cold water) + (Heat gained by the beaker).

So, since heat is also gained by the Beaker, its temperature should rise under normal conditions.

That is essentially what the zeroth law of thermodynamics about thermal equilibrium talks about.

If two bodies are at thermal equilibrium with reach other and body 2 is in thermal equilibrium with a third body, then body 1 and body 3 are also in thermal equilibrium

Temperature of the piece of metal decreases, temperature of water rises and the temperature of the beaker rises as they all try to attain thermal equilibrium.

b) In calorimetry, the aim is usually for the water (in this case) to take up all of the heat supplied by the piece of metal. Hence, the calorimeter is usually heavily insulated (or properly called lagged). Thereby, reducing the amount of heat that the calorimeter would gain.

But in cases where the heat lost to the insulated calorimeter isn't negligible, the heat capacity of the calorimeter is usually obtained and included it is included in the heat transfer calculations.

Hope this Helps!!!

The temperature of the beaker of cold water will increase due to the transfer of heat from the hot metal. In calorimetry, the heat gained by the water and the beaker is equal to the heat lost by the metal.

When the hot metal is dropped into the beaker of cold water, a heat transfer process occurs. According to the principle of conservation of energy, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed. In this case, heat energy is transferred from the higher temperature metal to the lower temperature water and beaker.

The specific heat capacity of a substance is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of the substance by one degree Celsius. The heat lost by the metal can be calculated using the formula:

[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \][/tex]

where [tex]\( q_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex]is the heat lost by the metal, [tex]\( m_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the metal, [tex]\( c_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the metal, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{metal}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the metal.

Similarly, the heat gained by the water can be calculated using the formula:

[tex]\[ q_{\text{water}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} \][/tex]

where [tex]\( q_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the heat gained by the water, [tex]\( m_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the water,[tex]\( c_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of water, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{water}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the water.

In calorimetry, assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, the heat lost by the metal is equal to the heat gained by the water (and the beaker, if its heat capacity is considered):

[tex]\[ q_{\text{metal}} = q_{\text{water}} + q_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex][tex]\[ m_{\text{metal}} \cdot c_{\text{metal}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{metal}} = m_{\text{water}} \cdot c_{\text{water}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{water}} + m_{\text{beaker}} \cdot c_{\text{beaker}} \cdot \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \][/tex]

Here, [tex]\( m_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the mass of the beaker, [tex]\( c_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the specific heat capacity of the beaker material, and [tex]\( \Delta T_{\text{beaker}} \)[/tex] is the change in temperature of the beaker. The temperature change of the beaker and the water will be the same if they reach thermal equilibrium.

The temperature of the beaker will rise until thermal equilibrium is reached, at which point the temperature of the metal, water, and beaker will be the same. The heat that causes the temperature of the glass beaker to rise is accounted for in calorimetry by including the beaker's mass and specific heat capacity in the calculations.

Answer:

1. Hydrogen

Explanation:

The interior of these planets contains liquid hydrogen (the Earth has liquid iron in it).

When this element is subjected to tremendous pressures (as in Jupiter and Saturn), the electrons of each hydrogen atom can "jump" to other atoms. This property allows liquid hydrogen to behave with a metal.

With the rotation of the planets and the large amount of constant energy emitted by the nucleus, currents are induced in liquid hydrogen, giving rise to magnetic fields that propagate for millions of kilometers in space (Jupiter's magnetic field is fourteen times stronger than Earth's, for example).

Final answer:

Bread and whole grain foods contain large polysaccharide molecules which are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Carbon is the element present in carbohydrates and is essential in forming biomolecules found in foods like bread. Glycogen is an example of a complex polysaccharide composed of these elements.

Explanation:

Breads and other whole-grain foods are composed of large polysaccharide molecules which include hydrogen, oxygen, and the other element is carbon. Carbohydrates, which are found in these foods, are made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O) atoms. Polysaccharides like starch and glycogen are complex carbohydrates, which are made up of many monosaccharide units.

The nutrient that is part of carbohydrates, like bread, also present in proteins and nucleic acids that forms biomolecules, is carbon. The complex carbohydrate glycogen, for example, has a chemical formula of C24H42021, indicating it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen elements. Glycogen is a polysaccharide, as its name suggests (poly- meaning many and saccharide meaning sugar), and not a monosaccharide because it consists of multiple sugar units.

Answer: The pH of the solution is 2.420

Explanation: pH = -Log  [H+]

                           = - Log [ 3.8 x 10^-3]

                           =  3 - 0.579784

                           = 2.420

The distance between the scattering planes in the crystal is d = 0.95 A°

Explanation:

The Bragg's equation is given by

                                      2d sinθ = nλ

where,

d is the distance between the scattering planes in the crystal.

θ is the angle of diffraction.

n is the order of diffraction.

λ is the wavelength of X rays.

Given λ = 0.17 nm = 1.7 A°, angle = 62.5

                          2 [tex]\times[/tex] d [tex]\times[/tex] sin(62.5)    = 1 [tex]\times[/tex] 1.7 A°  

                                                    d = 0.95 A°  

The distance between the scattering planes in the crystal is d = 0.95 A°

The spacing (d) between the planes of the crystal is 0.096nm.

BRAGG'S LAW EQUATION:

2dsinθ = nλ

Where;

d = nλ ÷ 2sinθ

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Answer:

9.72 g of O₂ are obtained in the decomposition

Explanation:

Reaction of decomposition is:

2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂

Ratio is 2:3. First, we determine the moles of chlorate

24.82 g. 1mol/ 122.55g = 0.202 moles

2 moles of chlorate can decompose into 3 moles of oxgen

Therefore, 0.202 moles of chlorate will decompose into (0.202 .3)/2 = 0.303 moles of O₂

We determine the mass of formed oxygen:

0.303 mol . 32g / 1mol = 9.72 g

Final answer:

The number of grams of O2 gas that can be obtained from 24.82 g of KClO3 is 9.725 g. This is calculated by converting the mass of KClO3 to moles, using the stoichiometric relationship from the balanced equation, and then converting moles of O2 to grams.

Explanation:

To calculate the number of grams of O2 gas that can be obtained from 24.82 g of KClO3, we need to follow a series of stoichiometric conversions. Initially, we must ensure that we have a balanced chemical equation, which for the decomposition of potassium chlorate to potassium chloride and oxygen gas is:

2 KClO3(s) → 2 KCl(s) + 3 O2(g)

This tells us that from every 2 moles of KClO3 we get 3 moles of O2. We can use the molar masses to convert between grams and moles:

Dividing the total mass of KClO3 by its molar mass gives us:

24.82 g KClO3 × (1 mol KClO3 / 122.55 g) = 0.2026 mol KClO3

Next, we use the stoichiometry of the balanced equation to determine the moles of O2:

0.2026 mol KClO3 × (3 mol O2 / 2 mol KClO3) = 0.3039 mol O2

Finally, we convert the moles of oxygen to grams:

0.3039 mol O2 × (32.00 g/mol O2) = 9.725 g O2

Therefore, from 24.82 g of KClO3, we can theoretically obtain 9.725 g of oxygen gas, assuming complete decomposition.

Answer:

Approximately % of these cats weigh less than 2.5kg

the percentage = 61/144 × 100 = 6100/144 = 42.3611111111  ≈ 42.36%

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 kg

percentage = 20/144 ×100 = 2000/144 = 13.8888888889  ≈ 13.90%

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.75 and 3.5kg.

percentage = 54/144 × 100 = 5400/144 = 37.5 %

Explanation:

The picture below is the histogram used .

The horizontal is the weight of the cat . The vertical is the number of cat. The cats have 47 female and 97 male . The total cats is 47 + 97 = 144.

Approximately % of these cats weigh less than 2.5kg

Cat that weighs less than 2.5 kg is the sum of the first bar and the second bar. The sum is 29 + 32 = 61

61 cat weighs less than 2.5 kg

the percentage = 61/144 × 100 = 6100/144 = 42.3611111111  ≈ 42.36

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 kg

cat that weigh between 2.5 and 2.75 is 20

percentage = 20/144 ×100 = 2000/144 = 13.8888888889  ≈ 13.90

Approximately % of these cats weigh between 2.75 and 3.5kg.

The number of cat that fall under this category is 27 + 12 + 15 = 54

percentage = 54/144 × 100 = 5400/144 = 37.5

The approximately % of cats weigh less than 2.5 kg has been 42.36 %.

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg has been 13.88 %.

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg has been 37.5 %.

The histogram has been the representation of the data in a user defined condensed format. The total number of cats has been the sum of male and female cats.

The given male cats can be, [tex]C_M=97[/tex]

The given female cats, [tex]C_F=47[/tex]

The total cats (C) can be given as:

[tex]C=C_M\;+\;C_F\\C=97\;+\;47\\C=144[/tex]

The total number of cats has been 144.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing less than 2.5 kg, [tex]C_>_2_._5=61[/tex]

The % of cats weighing less than 2.5 kg ([tex]C_>_2_._5\;\%[/tex]) has been:

[tex]C_>_2_._5\;\%=\dfrac{61}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_>_2_._5\;\%=42.36\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weigh less than 2.5 kg has been 42.36 %.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg, [tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5=20[/tex]

The % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg,  [tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%[/tex], has been:

[tex]C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%=\dfrac{20}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_2_._5_-_2_._7_5\%=13.88\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.5 and 2.75 kg has been 13.88 %.

From the histogram, the number of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg, [tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5=54[/tex]

The % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3. 5 kg,  [tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%[/tex], has been:

[tex]C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%=\dfrac{54}{144}\;\times\;100\\ C_2_._7_5_-_3_._5\%=37.5\%[/tex]

The approximately % of cats weighing between 2.75 and 3.5 kg has been 37.5 %.

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Explanation:

Heat necessary to raise the temperature of a substance by unit mass of a given substance by a given amount is known as specific heat.

It is known that relation between heat energy, specific heat, and mass is as follows.

           q = [tex]m \times C \times \Delta T[/tex]

As the specific heat of water is 4.18 [tex]J/g^{o}C[/tex] and the specific heat of gold is 0.129 [tex]J/g^{o}C[/tex]. Since, the specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of gold.

Therefore, we can conclude that water is more efficient to warm your bed on a cold night with a hot water bottle that contains 1 kg of water at 50 degrees C.

A hot water bottle would be more efficient at warming your bed on a cold night. This conclusion is based on the specific heat properties of water and gold. Water, with a higher specific heat, can better retain and transfer heat than gold.

The key to answering this question lies in understanding the concept of specific heat. This is the amount of heat per unit mass required to raise the temperature by one degree Celsius. Different substances have different specific heats, and this impacts how well they store and transfer heat. Water has a high specific heat, meaning it can absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises. Gold, on the other hand, has a relatively low specific heat, meaning it heats up quickly but does not retain or transfer heat as well as water does.

So, to answer your question, a hot water bottle would be more efficient at warming your bed on a cold night. That's because the 1 kg of water at 50 degrees Celsius can store and transfer more heat than a 1-kg gold bar at the same temperature.

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Answer:17.955atm

Explanation:Pv=nrt

P= nrt/v

P= 7.25*0.08205*360/11.90

P= 214.1505/11.90

P=17.995atm

ans is helium.........

Answer:

The answer is: helium: 1s 1, 1p 1

Explanation:

Answer:

C

Explanation:

The question asks to know what happens when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower energy level.

Firstly, it is important to note that when an electron moves from a lower energy level to a higher energy level, energy is absorbed by the atom. Conversely, when an electron moves from a region of higher energy to a region of lower energy, energy is released by the atom.

Thus we can say that the movement of an electron from a region of higher energy to a region of lower energy can result in the emission of a photon of light as energy is released by the atom

In electron energy transition when an electron moves from a higher energy level to a lower one in an atom, it emits a photon. This is because the electron discards the excess energy it no longer needs when it shifts to a less energetic state. These energy releases as photons create atomic spectral lines that help astronomers identify certain elements in the universe.

This physics-related query pertains to the behavior of electrons in electromagnetic radiation, which can be best understood through photons -- particles of light. When an electron goes from a higher energy level to a lower one within an atom, option (c) - a photon is emitted is accurate. This movement signifies that an electron is transmitting energy, which happens in the form of a photon.

In a higher energy state, the electron has more energy than it requires to maintain its 'orbit' around the nucleus of the atom. Consequently, when it descends to a lower energy level, the reduction in energy gets emitted as a photon. The different energy levels in an atom correspond to certain fixed amounts of energy; as such, the energy difference between the higher and lower levels translates into a photon of a specific frequency. This entire process forms the basis of atomic spectral lines, that aid astronomers in determining the elements present in a celestial body.

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Answer:

The molarity of the solution is 1,48M

Explanation:

In chemistry, molarity, M, is an unit of concentration that represent the ratio between moles of solute and volume of solvent in liters.

In the problem, the solute is potassium carbonate, K₂CO₃, and the solvent is water.

There are 6.35moles of potassium carbonate and 4.30L of water. That means molarity is:

6,35mol / 4,30L = 1,48M

I hope it helps!

For the electrolysis of molten MgCl2, 1.57 moles of electrons (or 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs) are required to produce 38.0 g of Mg. This would require a current of approximately 24.0 Amperes over 3.5 hours.

The electrolysis of molten MgCl2 for the isolation of magnesium from seawater by the Dow process involves a reaction where 1 mole of Mg metal is produced for every 2 moles of electrons involved. Therefore, if 38.0 g of Mg forms, which is approximately 1.57 moles (given magnesium's molar mass is 24.31 g/mol), the number of moles of electrons required is twice this amount, or approximately 3.14 moles of electrons.

Faraday's constant, which is equal to approximately 96485.332 Coulombs per mole of electrons, is used to find the amount of charge required. By multiplying the number of moles of electrons by Faraday's constant, you can find that approximately 3.03 x 10^5 Coulombs are required.

Current, measured in Amperes (A), is a measure of the amount of charge passing a point in a circuit per unit time. Therefore, to find the current necessary to produce this amount in 3.5 hours (or 12600 seconds), divide the total charge required by the time, giving approximately 24.0 A

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Answer : The concentration of guanosine in your sample is, [tex]8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Explanation :

Using Beer-Lambert's law :

[tex]A=\epsilon \times C\times l[/tex]

where,

A = absorbance of solution  = 0.70

C = concentration of solution = ?

l = path length = 1.00 cm

[tex]\epsilon[/tex] = molar absorptivity coefficient guanosine  = [tex]8400M^{-1}cm^{-1}[/tex]

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]0.70=8400M^{-1}cm^{-1}\times C\times 1.00cm[/tex]

[tex]C=8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Thus, the concentration of guanosine in your sample is, [tex]8.33\times 10^{-5}M[/tex]

Answer:True

Explanation:

Answer:

FALSE

Explanation:

The density of seawater depends on certain factors such as-

Thus, the above-given statement is False.

Answer:

ΔHrxn = -1.9kJ

Explanation:

Considering the 3 elementary equations

Cancelling out O2 From equation 1 reactant and equation 2 product,

Also

Cancelling out CO2 From equation 1 and 3 product and equation 2 reactant..

Finally

Cancelling out 2CO From equation 2 product and 2CO from equation 3 reactant..

This will give us an overall equation that is due to arithmetic addition of equation 1,2&3

Hence

C(diamond) → C(graphite)

ΔHrxn= -395.4+566.0-172.5 = -1.9kJ

ΔHrxn = -1.9kJ

The enthalpy changes for the conversion of diamond to graphite at 1 atm and 25°C is [tex]\( \Delta H = -1.9 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex].

The reactions given are:

1. [tex]\( \text{C(diamond)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -395.4 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

2. [tex]\( 2 \text{CO}_2(g) \rightarrow 2 \text{CO}(g) + \text{O}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = 566.0 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

3. [tex]\( \text{C(graphite)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -393.5 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

4. [tex]\( 2 \text{CO}(g) \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} + \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -172.5 \text{ kJ} \)[/tex]

To find [tex]\( \Delta H \)[/tex] for [tex]\( \text{C(diamond)} \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} \)[/tex], we can reverse reaction 3 and add it to reaction 1. This will cancel out [tex]CO_2[/tex] (g) and [tex]O_2[/tex] (g), leaving us with the desired reaction:

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = -395.4 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ -\text{C(graphite)} + \text{O}_2(g) \rightarrow \text{CO}_2(g) \quad \Delta H = 393.5 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

Adding these two equations gives us:

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} + \cancel{\text{O}_2(g)} \rightarrow \cancel{\text{CO}_2(g)} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ -\text{C(graphite)} - \cancel{\text{O}_2(g)} \rightarrow \cancel{\text{CO}_2(g)} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{C(diamond)} \rightarrow \text{C(graphite)} \][/tex]

And the enthalpy change for the desired reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes for the two reactions:

[tex]\[ \Delta H = (-395.4 \text{ kJ}) + (393.5 \text{ kJ}) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \Delta H = -1.9 \text{ kJ} \][/tex]

Answer:

Solar nebula

Explanation:

The theory of the origin of the solar system emanates from the believe that a dense giant spinning cloud of dust condensed to produce our solar system.

This cloud of dust is called the solar nebula.

Answer:

RbF>RbCl>RbBr>RbI

Explanation:

The lattice energy is an indicator of the strength of an ionic bond. It is also a rough indicator of the probability that an ionic substance will dissolve in water. The higher the lattice energy, the more difficult it is for the substance to dissolve in water.

Lattice energy depends on the relative sizes of ions present in the substance. As already known, the order of increasing sizes of halogen atoms is F<Cl<Br<I. The lesser the size, the higher the lattice energy.

Since the cation size is constant, lattice energy is only affected by increasing anion size and follows the pattern highlighted in the paragraph above. Hence RbF has the highest lattice energy and RbI has the least lattice energy.