Answer:
26 L
Explanation:
According to the first law of thermodynamics, for an ideal gas:
[tex]\Delta U=Q-W[/tex]
where
[tex]\Delta U[/tex] is the change in internal energy of the gas
Q is the heat absorbed by the gas
W is the work done by the gas
The internal energy of a gas depends only on its temperature. Here the temperature of the gas is kept constant (330 K), so the internal energy does not change, therefore
[tex]\Delta U=0[/tex]
So we have
[tex]Q=W[/tex]
The heat added to the gas is
[tex]Q=1.7 kJ = 1700 J[/tex]
So this is also equal to the work done by the gas:
[tex]W=1700 J[/tex]
For a process at constant temperature, the work done by the gas is given by
[tex]W=nRT ln\frac{V_2}{V_1}[/tex]
where:
n is the number of moles
R is the gas constant
T is the temperature of the gas
[tex]V_1[/tex] is the initial volume
[tex]V_2[/tex] is the final volume
In this problem, we have:
W = 1700 J is the work done by the gas
n = 2.00 mol
T = 300 K is the gas temperature
[tex]V_1=19 L[/tex] is the initial volume of the gas
And solving the equation for V2, we find the final volume of the gas:
[tex]V_2=V_1 e^{\frac{W}{nRT}}=(19)e^{\frac{1700}{(2.0)(8.314)(330)}}=26 L[/tex]
On your first day at work as an electrical technician, you are asked to determine the resistance per meter of a long piece of wire. The company you work for is poorly equipped. You find a battery, a voltmeter, and an ammeter, but no meter for directly measuring resistance (an ohmmeter). You put the leads from the voltmeter across the terminals of the battery, and the meter reads 12.1 . You cut off a 20.0- length of wire and connect it to the battery, with an ammeter in series with it to measure the current in the wire. The ammeter reads 6.50 . You then cut off a 40.0- length of wire and connect it to the battery, again with the ammeter in series to measure the current. The ammeter reads 4.50 . Even though the equipment you have available to you is limited, your boss assures you of its high quality: The ammeter has very small resistance, and the voltmeter has very large resistance.
What is the resistance of 1 meter of wire?
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.
A spring hangs from the ceiling with an unstretched length of x 0 = 0.69 m x0=0.69 m . A m 1 = 7.5 kg m1=7.5 kg block is hung from the spring, causing the spring to stretch to a length x 1 = 0.84 m x1=0.84 m . Find the length x 2 x2 of the spring when a m 2 = 2.1 kg m2=2.1 kg block is hung from the spring. For both cases, all vibrations of the spring are allowed to settle down before any measurements are made.
Answer:
x2=0.732m
Explanation:
We can calculate the spring constant using the equilibrium equation of the block m1. Since the spring is in equilibrium, we can say that the acceleration of the block is equal to zero. So, its equilibrium equation is:
[tex]m_1g-k\Delta x_1=0\\\\\implies k=\frac{m_1g}{\Delta x_1}\\\\k=\frac{(7.5kg)(9.8m/s^{2})}{0.84m-0.69m}=490N/m[/tex]
Then using the equilibrium equation of the block m2, we have:
[tex]m_2g-k\Delta x_2=0\\\\\\implies x_2=x_0+\frac{m_2g}{k} \\x_2=0.69m+\frac{(2.1kg)(9.8m/s^{2})}{490N/m}= 0.732m[/tex]
In words, the lenght x2 of the spring when the m2 block is hung from it, is 0.732m.
A 3 billiard ball (mass = 0.16 kg) moving at 4.0 m/s collides elastically head-on with a cue ball (mass = 0.17 kg) that is initially at rest. Find the final velocities of both the cue ball and the 3 billiard ball after the collision.
Answer: 1.9394m/s
Explanation: m1 (mass of 3 billiard ball) = 0.16kg
U1(initial velocity of the 3 billiard ball) = 4.0m/s
M2 (mass of the cue ball) = 0.17kg
U1 (initial velocity of the cue ball) = 0m/s
Final velocities of both the cue ball and 3 billiard ball after collision = ?
According to the principle of conservation of linear momentum, total momenta before collision = total momenta after collision:
M1U1 + M2U2 = (M1+M2)V
0.16*4.0 + 0.17* 0 = (0.16 + 0.17)V
0.64 + 0 = 0.33V
V = 0.64/0.33 = 1.9394m/s
Why do people in less developed countries use wood as a primary energy source?
Answer:
The answer for this one is that wood is the oldest mean of energy and it is also cheap that is why people in less developed coubtries use wood as a primary energy source.
Explanation:
The Developing countries depends on the wood and other forest goods for their everyday cooking and heating needs, prompting the public to assist with tropical deforestation and insecurity through the usage of these tools.
Both ideas— that forest-derived energy is mainly used in the developed nation and its value in the energy portfolios of advanced economies is negligible— fail to catch
Final answer:
People in less developed countries rely on wood and biomass for energy because it's inexpensive and accessible; however, this reliance can lead to deforestation and pollution. In contrast, developed nations are seeing an increased biomass use due to rising fossil fuel costs, though they have a greater mix of energy sources.
Explanation:
People in less developed countries often use wood as a primary energy source for multiple reasons. Wood and other forms of biomass, such as animal dung, are inexpensive, relatively efficient, and readily available. These sources of energy are crucial for domestic uses including heating, sanitation, and cooking. In areas where electricity and modern fuels are not accessible or are too costly, biomass is a vital resource. Additionally, due to rapid population growth and poverty, some regions have a higher demand for firewood as they lack alternative energy sources. This reliance often leads to environmental issues like deforestation, as the use of wood outpaces the replenishment of forests.
Furthermore, in developed nations, the consumption of energy includes a mix of sources with a declining reliance on biomass due to access to electricity and other modern energy forms. However, as fossil fuel prices increase and availability declines, biomass use is also growing in these nations. Despite being renewable, the environmental impact of biomass as an energy source includes deforestation and the release of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide and particulate matter from burning wood.
A rubber ball with mass 0.20 kg is dropped vertically from a height of 1.5 m above a floor. The ball bounces off of the floor, and during the bounce 0.60 J of energy is dissipated. What is the maximum height of the ball after the bounce
Answer:
The maximum height of the ball after the bounce is 1.2 m
Explanation:
Potential Energy = mass * Height * acceleration of gravity
PE=mgh
= 0.2 x 9.8 x 1.5
P.E = 2.94 J
During bounce of ball 0.60 J of energy is lost. So
2.94 - 0.6 = 2.34 J
now new energy is 2.34
New P.E = mgh
2.34 = 0.2 x 9.8 x h
h = 2.34 / 0.2 x 9.8
h = 1.2 m
The maximum height of the ball after the bounce is 1.2 m
Explanation:
Given:
Mass = 0.2 kg
Height = 1.5 m
Potential energy of the drop, PE = m × g × h
= 0.2 x 9.81 x 1.5
= 2.94 J
After the drop, 0.6 J of energy is dissipated, so amount of energy left
= 2.94 - 0.6
= 2.34 J
This energy is eqal to thenew potential energy which is:
m × g × h = 2.34
0.2 × 9.81 × h = 2.34
= 2.34/1.962
= 1.19 m.
Which planetary body has the greatest gravitational pull?
Answer:
Jupiter
Explanation:
This is because it has the largest mass. Jupiter is massive and has the highest mass in the solar system.
Gravitational pull is dependent on the mass of body based on the newton's law of gravitation.
I hope this was helpful, please mark as brainliest
Answer:i had this on usatest prep it is jupiter
Explanation:
Now suppose the crate is lifted so rapidly that air resistance was significant during the raising. How much work was done by the lifting force as the box was raised 1.5 m?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
- The complete question is:
" A crate is lifted vertically 1.5 m and then held at rest. The crate has weight 100 N (i.e., it is supported by an upward force of 100 N).Now suppose the crate is lifted so rapidly that air resistance was significant during the raising. How much work was done by the lifting force as the box was raised 1.5 m?"
Options:
1. More than 150 J
2. A bit less than 150 J because the air partially supported the crate.
3. No work was done.
4. Still 150 J
5. None of these
Solution:
- As the box is raised the work is done against gravity and air resistance opposes the motion of box. Hence, both the force of gravity ( Weight and air resistance act downward).
- The amount of work done is the sum of both work done against gravity and against air resistance.
- W = W_g + W_r
W > W_g
W > 100*1.5
W > 150 J
- Hence, the work done is greater than 150 J i.e work is also done against ai r resistance.
Consider a car that travels between points A and B. The car's average speed can be greater than the magnitude of its average velocity, but the magnitude of its average velocity can never be greater than its average speed. A) True B) False
Answer: A.True
Explanation: simply put the magnitude of the speed is a function of Distance while the magnitude of velocity is a function of Displacement. Displacement is the average Distance moved in different directions which will be smaller in magnitude compared to the Total Distance used the calculating the magnitude of speed.
Using a good pair of binoculars, you observe a section of the sky where there are stars of many different apparent brightnesses. You find one star that appears especially dim. This star looks dim because it is:_______.
Answer:
Using a good pair of binoculars, you observe a section of the sky where there are stars of many different apparent brightnesses. You find one star that appears especially dim. This star looks dim because it is farther away or it has a small radius.
Explanation:
Apparent magnitude in astronomy is the apparent brightness of a star that is seen from the Earth, that brightness can variate according to the distance at which the star is from the Earth or due to its radius.
That can be demonstrate with the next equation:
[tex]F = \frac{L}{4\pi r^2}[/tex] (1)
Where F is the radiant flux received from the star, L its intrinsic luminosity and r is the distance.
For example, an observer sees two motorbikes approaching it with its lights on but one of the motorbikes is farther, so the light of this one appears dimmer, even when the two lights emit the same amount of energy per second.
That is because the radiant flux decreases with the square distance, as can be seen in equation 1.
In the other hand, a bigger radius means that the gravity in the surface of the star will be lower, allowing that light can escape more easily:
[tex]g = \frac{GM}{R^2}[/tex] (2)
Where g is the surface gravity in the star, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the star and R is the radius of the star.
In a circus performance, a monkey is strapped to a sled and both are given an initial speed of 2.0 m/s up a 20.0° inclined track. The combined mass of monkey and sled is 24 kg, and the coefficient of kinetic friction between sled and incline is 0.20. How far up the incline do the monkey and sled move? m
Answer:
2.65 m
Explanation:
From work-kinetic energy principle,
workdone by friction + workdone by gravity on sled = kinetic energy change of sled
Let h be the vertical height moved and d the distance moved along the incline. h = dsinθ where θ is the angle of the incline = 20°.
The workdone by gravity on the sled is mghcos180 = -mgh = -mgdsinθ
The frictional force = -μmgcosθ where μ = 0.20 and the work done by friction = -μmgcosθd
The kinetic energy change = 1/2m(v₂² - v₁²) where v₁ = initial speed = 2.0 m/s and v₂ = final speed = 0 m/s (since the sled stops)
So, -mgdsinθ - μmgcosθd = 1/2m(v₂² - v₁²)
-gd(sinθ - μcosθ) = 1/2(v₂² - v₁²)
d = (v₂² - v₁²)/-2g(sinθ - μcosθ)
substituting the values for the variables,
d = (0 - 2²) /[- 2 × 9.8(sin20 - 0.2cos20)]
d = -4 /[- 2 × 9.8(sin20 - 0.2cos20)]
d = -4/ - 1.51 = 2.65 m
It has moved up the incline a distance of 2.65 m.
A stretched spring has a total length of 20 cm and a spring constant of 200 N/m. It is storing 0.25 J in its elastic potential energy store. Determine the unstretched length of the spring. (Please answer ASAP thank you!)
The unstretched length of the spring is 0.15 m
Explanation:
Given-
Length of the stretched spring, [tex]x_{f}[/tex] = 20 cm = 0.2 m
K = 200 N/m
U = 0.25 J
unstretched length of the spring, x₀ = ?
We know,
U = [tex]\frac{1}{2} (k)[/tex] (Δx)²
Δx = [tex]x_{f}[/tex] - x₀
Δx = 0.2 - x₀
0.25 = 100 (0.2 - x₀)²
0.0025 = (0.2 - x₀)²
0.05 = 0.2 - x₀
x₀ = 0.15 m
Therefore, the unstretched length of the spring is 0.15 m
What is the gravitational force fg between the two objects described in part b if the distance between them is only 50 km ?
Answer:
[tex]8000\ N[/tex]
Explanation:
The question is incomplete.
The complete question would be
B) Suppose the magnitude of the gravitational force between two spherical objects is 2000 N when they are 100 km apart. What is the gravitational force [tex]F_g[/tex] between the two objects described in Part B if the distance between them is only 50 km.
Given gravitational force between two object [tex]F_g=2000\ N[/tex] when objects are placed [tex]100\ km[/tex] apart.
We need to determine gravitational force when they are kept [tex]50\ km[/tex] apart.
As we know the gravitational force [tex]F_g[/tex] is inversely proportional to the square of distance between objects [tex](d)[/tex].
[tex]F_g=\frac{K}{d^2}[/tex]
Where [tex]K=Gm_1m_2[/tex] that will be constant. Because the mass of the object remain same in both cases. And [tex]G[/tex] is already gravitational constant.
Given,
[tex]2000=\frac{K}{100^2}\\ So,\ K=2000\times 100^2[/tex]
Let [tex]F'_g[/tex] is the force between objects when they were kept [tex]50\ km[/tex] apart.
[tex]F'_g=\frac{K}{50^2} \\\\F'_g=\frac{2000\times 100^2}{50^2}\\ \\F'_g=2000\times 4=8000\ N[/tex]
So, [tex]8000\ N[/tex] is the gravitational force when two objects were kept [tex]50\ km[/tex] apart.
The gravitational force between two objects can be calculated using Newton's law of gravitation formula, which requires knowledge of both objects' masses and the distance between them. Without exact masses of the objects in the question, it's not possible to provide a numeric answer, but generally, an increased distance leads to a decreased gravitational force.
Explanation:Calculating Gravitational Force Between Two Objects
To calculate the gravitational force (Fg) between two objects using Newton's law of gravitation, you need to know the masses of the two objects and the distance between them. The formula to use is F = Gm1m2 / r2, where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant (6.673x10-11 N·m²/kg²), m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between their centers. If the masses of the objects are not provided in the question, you cannot calculate the force accurately. However, assuming identical conditions to the provided reference, where two objects have a mass of 50 kg each and are 0.50 meters apart, and you change the distance to 50 km (50,000 meters), the gravitational force will be significantly smaller due to the increase in distance according to the inverse square law of gravitation.
If you had the exact masses, the gravitational force at the new distance of 50 km could be calculated directly using the formula by substituting the known values for mass and distance. The result would show how much less the gravitational force is at the greater distance compared to the initial 0.50 meters. This calculation demonstrates the concept that as distance increases, the gravitational force between two masses decreases rapidly.
Nana manages to stop their decent. While stopped, with the axe in the ice, her coefficient of static friction is LaTeX: \mu_s=2.8μ s = 2.8. What is the maximum acceleration ice Popo can climb up the rope, without causing them to slide again?
Answer:
Acceleration, a= 1.65m/s^2
Acceleration is downward.
Explanation:
y: N- m1gcosalpha=0
x: Ff- FT- m1gsinalpha= m1× alpha
Ff= uN= um1gcosalpha
FT=m2g
Acceleration ,a = g(ucosalpha- (m2/m1)-sin alpha)
a= (m2/m1) + sinalpha= 1.976
Cos alpha= 0.766
U2= 2.8
a= g(2.8×0.766)- 1.976)
a= g× 0.1688
a= 9.8× 0.1688
a=1.65m/s^2
How is the magnetic force on a particle moving in a magnetic field different from gravitational and electric forces.
Answer:
The magnetic force on a free moving charge depends on the velocity of the charge and the magnetic field, direction of the force is given by the right hand rule. While gravitational depends on the mass and distance of the moving particle and electric forces depends on the magnitude of the charge and distance of separation.
Explanation:
The magnetic force on a free moving charge depends on the velocity of the charge and the magnetic field and direction of the force is given by the right hand rule. While gravitational depends on the mass and distance of the moving particle and electric forces depends on the magnitude of the charge and distance of separation.
The magnetic force is given by the charge times the vector product of velocity and magnetic field. While gravitational force is given by the square of the particle mass divided by the square its distance of separation. Also electric forces is given by the square of the charge magnitude divided by the square its distance separation.
A horizontal spring-mass system has low friction, spring stiffness 205 N/m, and mass 0.6 kg. The system is released with an initial compression of the spring of 13 cm and an initial speed of the mass of 3 m/s.
(a) What is the maximum stretch during the motion? m
(b) What is the maximum speed during the motion? m/s
(c) Now suppose that there is energy dissipation of 0.02 J per cycle of the spring-mass system. What is the average power input in watts required to maintain a steady oscillation?
Answer:
a) x_max = 0.20794 m
b) v_max = 3.8436 m/s
c) P = 0.05883 W
Explanation:
Given:
- The stiffness k = 205 N / m
- The mass m = 0.6 kg
- initial compression of the spring xi = 13 cm
- initial speed of the mass vi = 3 m/s
Find:
(a) What is the maximum stretch during the motion? m
(b) What is the maximum speed during the motion? m/s
(c) Now suppose that there is energy dissipation of 0.02 J per cycle of the spring-mass system. What is the average power input in watts required to maintain a steady oscillation?
Solution:
- Conservation of energy principle can be applied that the total energy U of the system remains constant. So the Total energy is:
U = K.E + P.E
U = 0.5*m*v^2 + 0.5*k*x^2
- We will take initial point with given values and maximum compression x_max when v = 0.
0.5*m*vi^2 + 0.5*k*xi^2 = 0.5*k*x_max^2
(m/k)*vi^2 + xi^2 = x_max^2
x_max = sqrt ( (m/k)*vi^2 + xi^2 ) = sqrt ( (.6/205)*3^2 + .13^2
x_max = 0.20794 m
- The angular speed w of the harmonic oscillation is given by:
w = sqrt ( k / m )
w = sqrt ( 205 / 0.6 )
w = 18.48422 rad/s
- The maximum velocity v_max is given by:
v_max = - w*x_max
v_max = - (18.48422)*(0.20794)
v_max = 3.8436 m/s
- The amount of power required to stabilize each oscillation is given by:
P = E_cycle / T
Where, E = Energy per cycle = 0.02 J
T = Time period of oscillation
T = 2π/w
P = E_cycle*w / 2π
P = (0.02*18.48422) / 2π
P = 0.05883 W
The maximum stretch and maximum speed of the spring can be obtained from the conservation of energy. The average power required to maintain a steady oscillation can be calculated using the energy dissipation and the period of oscillation.
Explanation:This problem involves
conservation of energy
(kinetic and potential) which is given by the equation E = K + U where K is the kinetic energy = 0.5*m*v^2, m is the mass and v is the speed. U is the potential energy = 0.5*k*x^2 where k is the spring stiffness and x is the spring displacement. The maximum stretch of the spring occurs when all the kinetic energy has been transferred into potential energy (maximum potential energy). At this maximum stretch, v = 0, thus the total energy E becomes 0.5*k*x_max^2, from which we can calculate x_max. The maximum speed occurs when the spring is at its equilibrium position, at which point all the potential energy has been transferred into kinetic energy (maximum kinetic energy). At this point, x = 0, and the total energy E becomes 0.5*m*v_max^2, from which we can calculate v_max. The average power P required to maintain a steady oscillation with energy dissipation is P = energy dissipation / period of oscillation. The period T of the oscillation of a spring-mass system is given by T = 2*pi*sqrt(m/k).
Learn more about Conservation of Energy here:https://brainly.com/question/35373077
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Two long parallel wires 6.50cm apart carry 18.5A currents in the same direction. Determine the magnetic field strength at a point 12.0cm from one wire and 13.6cm from the other.
Answer:
[tex]5.8\cdot 10^{-5}T[/tex]
Explanation:
The magnetic field produced by a current-carrying wire is:
[tex]B=\frac{\mu_0 I}{2\pi r}[/tex]
where
[tex]\mu_0=4\pi \cdot 10^{-7} H/m[/tex] is the vacuum permeability
I is the current in the wire
r is the distance from the wire
The direction of the field is given by the right-hand rule: the thum is placed in the same direction of the current, and the other fingers "wrapped" around the thumb gives the direction of the field.
First of all, here we are finding the magnetic field strength at a point 12.0cm from one wire and 13.6cm from the other: since the two wires are 6.50 cm apart, this means that the point at which we are calculating the field is located either on the left or on the right of both wires. So, by using the right-hand rule for both, we see that both fields go into the same direction (because the currents in the two wires have same direction).
Therefore, the net magnetic field will be the sum of the two magnetic fields.
For wire 1, we have:
[tex]I_1=18.5 A\\r_1=12.0 cm =0.12 m[/tex]
So the field is
[tex]B_1=\frac{(4\pi \cdot 10^{-7})(18.5)}{2\pi(0.12)}=3.1\cdot 10^{-5} T[/tex]
For wire 2, we have:
[tex]I_2=18.5 A\\r_2=13.6 cm=0.136 m[/tex]
So the field is
[tex]B_2=\frac{(4\pi \cdot 10^{-7})(18.5)}{2\pi(0.136)}=2.7\cdot 10^{-5} T[/tex]
Therefore, the total magnetic field is
[tex]B=B_1+B_2=3.1\cdot 10^{-5}+2.7\cdot 10^{-5}=5.8\cdot 10^{-5}T[/tex]
All light waves move through a vacuum with a constant speed. True or False
Answer: True
Explanation:
Electromagnetic wave is defined as the wave which is associated with both electrical and magnetic component associated with them. They can travel in vacuum as well and travel with the speed of light.
Electromagnetic spectrum consists of electromagnetic waves called as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, Visible, ultraviolet , X rays and gamma rays in order of increasing frequency and decreasing wavelength.
Thus the statement that All light waves move through a vacuum with a constant speed is true.
Your goniometer breaks. Describe another way you might be able to measure range of motion. You may use any other materials.
Answer:
Explained below:
Explanation:
Range of Motion is the measurement of action throughout a specific joint or body part. If your goniometer breaks, no need to worry because an inclinometer is also helpful to measure the range of motion in a joint by measuring the joint angles at length and flexion and in order to verify that there is improvement being made on rising the range of motion in a joint, the physical therapist measures the joint angle before the treatment and keep on doing to do so over time.
It is possible to measure a range of motion by using a protractor and a ruler.
What is motion?Motion or movement is a measure to indicate the distance that travels a particular object and/or material.
This unit of distance (motion) can be measured by using different geometrical tools.The range of motion is widely measured by using measurement tools such as a protractor and a ruler.In conclusion, it is possible to measure a range of motion by using a protractor and a ruler.
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A soccer ball kicked on a level field has an initial vertical velocity component of 15.0 mps. assuming the ball lands at the same height from which it was kicked was the total time of the ball in the air?
Answer:
3seconds
Explanation:
Time of flight of an object is the time taken by the object to spend in the air before landing. Mathematically it is represented as;
T = 2u/g
Where g is the acceleration due to gravity = 10m/s²
If the vertical velocity component (u) is given as 15m/s, the time of flight will be;
T = 2(15)/10
T = 30/10
T = 3seconds.
Therefore the total time by the ball in the air is 3seconds
Explanation:
Below is an attachment containing the solution.
When a vertical beam of light passes through a transparent medium, the rate at which its intensity I decreases is proportional to I(t), where t represents the thickness of the medium (in feet). In clear seawater, the intensity 3 feet below the surface is 25% of the initial intensity I0 of the incident beam. What is the intensity of the beam 18 feet below the surface
Answer:
Intensity of beam 18 feet below the surface is about 0.02%
Explanation:
Using Lambert's law
Let dI / dt = kI, where k is a proportionality constant, I is intensity of incident light and t is thickness of the medium
then dI / I = kdt
taking log,
ln(I) = kt + ln C
I = Ce^kt
t=0=>I=I(0)=>C=I(0)
I = I(0)e^kt
t=3 & I=0.25I(0)=>0.25=e^3k
k = ln(0.25)/3
k = -1.386/3
k = -0.4621
I = I(0)e^(-0.4621t)
I(18) = I(0)e^(-0.4621*18)
I(18) = 0.00024413I(0)
Intensity of beam 18 feet below the surface is about 0.2%
A strong base ______ in solution.
A.) dissociates completely
B.) dissociates partially
C.) does not dissociate
D.) always solidifies
Answer:
a) dissociates completely
Explanation: strong base is a base that is completely dissociated in an aqueous solution.
problem A newly established colony on the Moon launches a capsule vertically with an initial speed of 1.445 km/s. Ignoring the rotation of the Moon, what is the maximum height reached by the capsule
Answer:
Maximum height =1031km
Explanation:
Given:
Velocity,Vo= 1.445km/s= 1445m/s
Mass of moon= 7.35×10^22kg
Radius of moon= 1737km= 1737000m
Using conservation energy
Ui + Ki= Uf + Kf
--'>(GMm/R) + 1/2 (m ^2)
-GMm/(R + h) - 0
Vo^2= 2Gm(1/R - 1/R+h)
1445^2= 2× (6.67x10^-11)×(7.35×10^22)[(1/1737000)- (1/1737000 + h)]
h= 1031km
Answer:
104.4km
Explanation:
Projectile motion occurs when object is launched into air and allowed to fall freely under the influence of gravity.
Maximum height reached by the object is expressed as;
H = u²sin²(theta)/2g where;
u is the initial velocity = 1.445km/s
u = 1445m/s since 1000m is equivalent to 1km
theta is the angle of launch
g is the acceleration due to gravity = 10m/s²
theta = 90° (since object is launched vertically)
Substituting the values in the formula we have;
H = 1445²(sin90°)²/2(10)
H = 1445²/20
H = 104,401.25m
H = 104.4km
The the maximum height reached by the capsule is 104.4km
A solid cylinder and a cylindrical shell have the same mass, same radius, and turn on frictionless, horizontal axles. (The cylindrical shell has light-weight spokes connecting the shell to the axle. A rope is wrapped around each cylinder and tied to a block. The blocks have the same mass and are held the same height above the ground, as shown in the figure (Figure 1) Both blocks are released simultaneously. The ropes do not slip. A) Which block hits the ground first? Or is it a tie? Explain. B) Complete the sentences with following terms.(solid) (hollow) , (translational kinetic) (gravitational potential) (rotational potential) (rotational kinetic) By the time the blocks reach the ground, they have transformed identical amounts of ________energy into_____________ energy of the cylinders. energy of the blocks and ____________But the moment of inertia of a __________cylinder is higher than that of a ___________ cylinder of the same mass, so more of the energy of the system is in the form of rotational kinetic energy for the ___________________cylinder than for the __________ one. This leaves less energy in the form of translational kinetic energy for the ____________cylinder. But it is the ____________ energy that determines the speed of the block. So the block moves more slowly for the system with the ____________cylinder, and so its block reaches the ground last.
Answer:
A solid moment of inertia is [tex]I = \frac{mr^2}{2}[/tex].
Here, both the solid cylinder and the cylindrical shell have the same mass, the same radius, and turn on a horizontal, friction-less axle.
The solid cylinder has less inertia than the cylindrical shell, and it requires less torque to rotate, meaning that the solid cylinder weight block falls faster than the cylindrical shell itself.
Fill in the blanks, in order.
Gravitational potential energy, Translation kinetic energy, Kinetic energy;
Hallow, Solid, Hallow, Solid;
Hallow, Transitional kinetic energy, Hallow
Answer:
The answer to the queations are;
A) The block attached to the solid cylinder would hit the ground first.
B) By the time the blocks reach the ground, they have transformed identical amounts of _gravitational potential_______energy into_____rotational kinetic________ energy of the cylinders. energy of the blocks and _______translational kinetic_____But the moment of inertia of a ____hollow______cylinder is higher than that of a ____solid_______ cylinder of the same mass, so more of the energy of the system is in the form of rotational kinetic energy for the ______hollow_____________cylinder than for the ___solid_______ one. This leaves less energy in the form of translational kinetic energy for the ____hollow________cylinder. But it is the ____translational kinetic________ energy that determines the speed of the block. So the block moves more slowly for the system with the ______hollow______cylinder, and so its block reaches the ground last.
Explanation:
To solve the question, we note that
The total energy of motion of the moving cylinders is equal to
K[tex]_{TOT[/tex] = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·I·ω²
Where
m = Mass
v = Velocity
ω = Angular velocity
I = moment of inertia where I for hollow cylinder = MR² and
I for solid cylinder = 1/2·MR².
Therefore we have
K[tex]_{TOT[/tex] for solid cylinder = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·I·ω² = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·1/2·MR²·ω²
= 1/2·m·v² + 1/4·MR²·v²/r² = 1/2·m·v² + 1/4·M·v² = 3/4·m·v²
For the hollow cylinder, we have
K[tex]_{TOT[/tex] = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·MR²·ω² = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·MR²·v²/r² = 1/2·m·v² + 1/2·m·v²
= m·v²
From conservation of energy the initial potential energy is transformed into potential energy as follows
PE = m·g·h
Where:
m = Mas
g = Gravitational acceleration
h = height
Therefore
For the solid cylinder 3/4·m·v² = m·g·h and v² = [tex]\frac{3}{4} \frac{m*g*h}{m}[/tex] and v = [tex]\sqrt{\frac{4}{3} gh}[/tex]
For the hollow cylinder m·v² = m·g·h and v² = [tex]\frac{m*g*h}{m}[/tex] and v = [tex]\sqrt{gh}[/tex]
This shows that the solid cylinder has a higher downward velocity and the block attached to the solid cylinder would hit the ground first
B) By the time the blocks reach the ground, they have transformed identical amounts of _gravitational potential_______energy into_____rotational kinetic________ energy of the cylinders. energy of the blocks and _______translational kinetic_____But the moment of inertia of a ____hollow______cylinder is higher than that of a ____solid_______ cylinder of the same mass, so more of the energy of the system is in the form of rotational kinetic energy for the ______hollow_____________cylinder than for the ___solid_______ one. This leaves less energy in the form of translational kinetic energy for the ____hollow________cylinder. But it is the ____translational kinetic________ energy that determines the speed of the block. So the block moves more slowly for the system with the ______hollow______cylinder, and so its block reaches the ground last.
what is the best description of an atom with a full valence shell of electrons ?
A. it is a metal
B. it is not very reactive
C. it is very reactive
D. it is likely to form iconic bonds
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Because they have a full valence shell they don't need to make bonds to stabilize because they are already stable. These will be your Noble Gasses (ie Neon)
Two 5.0 mm × 5.0 mm electrodes are held 0.10 mm apart and are attached to 7.5 V battery. Without disconnecting the battery, a 0.10-mm-thick sheet of Mylar is inserted between the electrodes.A) What is the capacitor's potential difference before the Mylar is inserted?
B) What is the capacitor's electric field before the Mylar is inserted?
C) What is the capacitor's charge before the Mylar is inserted?
D) What is the capacitor's potential difference after the Mylar is inserted?
E) What is the capacitor's electric field after the Mylar is inserted?
F) What is the capacitor's charge after the Mylar is inserted?
The potential difference across the capacitor is 7.5 V both before and after the Mylar is inserted. To calculate charge and electric field values, additional information about the system, such as the dielectric constant of Mylar or capacitance, is required. Without this information, only the potential difference can be definitively determined.
The subject concerns Physics, specifically the study of capacitors in the context of their behavior before and after a dielectric material is inserted. We are given the dimensions of the capacitor plates and the potential difference applied by a battery, and we need to deduce several properties of the capacitor both before and after the insertion of the Mylar dielectric sheet. The capacitance of the capacitor is not provided directly, but can be inferred using the provided dimensions and the permittivity of free space or air, as required.
The potential difference across a capacitor is determined by the voltage applied by the battery. Thus, the capacitor's potential difference before the Mylar is inserted is 7.5 V.
To find the electric field in the capacitor before the Mylar is inserted, we can use the formula E = V/d, where V is the potential difference and d is the separation between the plates. Thus, E = 7.5 V / 0.1 mm = 75,000 V/m.
The charge on a capacitor is given by Q = CV, where C is the capacitance and V is the potential difference. However, without the capacitance, we cannot calculate the charge directly. More information, like the dielectric constant of the Mylar or the capacitance of the capacitor with air between the plates, would be needed.
Once the Mylar is inserted, if we assume the dielectric is not discharged, the potential difference across the capacitor remains at 7.5 V, since the battery is still connected.
If the Mylar has a dielectric constant, we can calculate the new electric field using the formula E' = E / K, where K is the dielectric constant of the Mylar. But again, without K, we cannot calculate E' directly.
The charge on the capacitor after the Mylar is inserted will be the same as before, provided the capacitor is still connected to the battery, since potential difference and charge are related by Q = CV, and V remains unchanged at 7.5 V.
A) Potential difference before the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 7.5 \, \text{V} \).[/tex] B) Electric field before the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 7.5 \times 10^4 \, \text{V/m} \)[/tex]. C) Charge before the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 1.66 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{C} \)[/tex]. D) Potential difference after the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 7.5 \, \text{V} \)[/tex]. E) Electric field after the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 7.5 \times 10^4 \, \text{V/m} \).[/tex] F) Charge after the Mylar is inserted: [tex]\( 5.14 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{C} \).[/tex]
To solve this problem, we need to use the concepts of capacitance, electric field, and the effect of a dielectric on a capacitor.
- Electrode area [tex]\( A = 5.0 \, \text{mm} \times 5.0 \, \text{mm} = 25.0 \, \text{mm}^2 = 25.0 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m}^2 \)[/tex]
- Separation distance [tex]\( d = 0.10 \, \text{mm} = 0.10 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m} \)[/tex]
- Voltage [tex]\( V = 7.5 \, \text{V} \)[/tex]
- Dielectric constant of Mylar [tex]\( \kappa \approx 3.1 \)[/tex]
A) Potential difference before the Mylar is inserted
The potential difference across the capacitor before the Mylar is inserted is simply the voltage of the battery since the battery is connected directly to the capacitor.
[tex]\[ V_{\text{before}} = 7.5 \, \text{V} \][/tex]
B) Electric field before the Mylar is inserted
The electric field [tex]\( E \)[/tex] in a parallel-plate capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ E = \frac{V}{d} \][/tex]
Substituting the given values:
[tex]\[ E_{\text{before}} = \frac{7.5 \, \text{V}}{0.10 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ E_{\text{before}} = 7.5 \times 10^{4} \, \text{V/m} \][/tex]
C) Charge on the capacitor before the Mylar is inserted
The capacitance [tex]\( C \)[/tex] of a parallel-plate capacitor without a dielectric is given by:
[tex]\[ C = \frac{\epsilon_0 A}{d} \][/tex]
where [tex]\( \epsilon_0 \)[/tex] is the permittivity of free space [tex](\( \epsilon_0 \approx 8.85 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F/m} \)).[/tex]
[tex]\[ C_{\text{before}} = \frac{(8.85 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F/m})(25.0 \times 10^{-6} \, \text{m}^2)}{0.10 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ C_{\text{before}} \approx 2.21 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F} \][/tex]
The charge [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] on the capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ Q = CV \][/tex]
[tex]\[ Q_{\text{before}} = (2.21 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F})(7.5 \, \text{V}) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ Q_{\text{before}} \approx 1.66 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{C} \][/tex]
D) Potential difference after the Mylar is inserted
When the Mylar is inserted, the potential difference across the capacitor remains the same because the battery is still connected.
[tex]\[ V_{\text{after}} = 7.5 \, \text{V} \][/tex]
E) Electric field after the Mylar is inserted
The electric field [tex]\( E \)[/tex] in a capacitor with a dielectric is given by the same formula:
[tex]\[ E = \frac{V}{d} \][/tex]
Since the voltage and the separation remain the same, the electric field remains the same:
[tex]\[ E_{\text{after}} = \frac{7.5 \, \text{V}}{0.10 \times 10^{-3} \, \text{m}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ E_{\text{after}} = 7.5 \times 10^{4} \, \text{V/m} \][/tex]
F) Charge on the capacitor after the Mylar is inserted
The capacitance with the dielectric [tex]\( C' \)[/tex] is given by:
[tex]\[ C' = \kappa \cdot C \][/tex]
[tex]\[ C_{\text{after}} = 3.1 \times 2.21 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ C_{\text{after}} \approx 6.85 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F} \][/tex]
The charge [tex]\( Q \)[/tex] on the capacitor is given by:
[tex]\[ Q = CV \][/tex]
[tex]\[ Q_{\text{after}} = (6.85 \times 10^{-12} \, \text{F})(7.5 \, \text{V}) \][/tex]
[tex]\[ Q_{\text{after}} \approx 5.14 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{C} \][/tex]
A 10-newton force is applied to a 2-kg block. The block slides across the floor at a constant speed of 5 m/s. What is a valid conclusion from this situation?
A) The force of friction was 10-newtons.
B) The 10-newton force was an unbalanced force.
C) There was no friction experienced by the block.
D) There is a net a force of 10-newtons on the block.
Answer:
The frictional force will also act on the box. So, we can say that the 10 N force is an unbalanced force.
Explanation:
It is given that, a 10-Newton force is applied to a 2-kg block. The block slides across the floor at a constant speed of 5 m/s.
The block is sliding with a constant speed. This shows the acceleration of the block is zero.
When an object slides that means the force acting on it is unbalanced i.e. the object will move in a particular direction.
A) The force of friction was 10-newtons.
The force of friction was 10-newtons. If the block is moving at constant speed, all the forces on the block must be balanced.
The blade of a lawn mower is rotating at an angular speed of 128 rad/s. The tangential speed of the outer edge of the blade is 32 m/s. What is the radius of the blade?
Answer:
0.25m
Explanation:
Using the expression that relates the angular velocity(w) and the linear velocity (v).
v= wr where;
w is the angular speed= 128rad/s
v is the linear speed = 32m/s
r is the radius
r = v/w
r = 32/128
r = 0.25m
The radius of the blade is 0.25m
An electrical cable consists of 200 strands of fine wire, each having 2.26 µΩ resistance. The same potential difference is applied between the ends of all the strands and results in a total current of 0.876 A. (a) What is the current in each strand? (b) What is the applied potential difference? (c) What is the resistance of the cable?
Answer:
4.38 × 10⁻³ A
0.395mΩ
452 µΩ
Explanation:
(a)the current in each strand is = the total current/ number of strand
0.876/ 200 = 4.38 × 10⁻³ A
(b) potential difference = IR
the total resistance = 2.26 µΩ × 0.876
= 0.395mΩ
c) resistance of the cable = 2.26 µΩ × 200
=452 µΩ
An arbitrarily shaped piece of conductor is given a net negative charge and is alone in space. What can we say about the electric potential within the conductor? Assume that the electric potential is zero at points that are very far away from the conductor.
Answer:
The electrostatic potential within the conductor will be negative and constant throughout the conductor.
Explanation:
Whenever a conductor is charged the total charge is spread throughout the entire surface uniformly. Inside the conductor the net electric field is always zero. Also we know if [tex]\overrightarrow{E}[/tex] e the electric field and V is the potential, then
[tex]\overrightarrow{E}= - \overrightarrow{\nabla}V[/tex]
Now as in this case electric field within the conductor is zero, so potential (V) has to be constant.
Final answer:
The electric potential within a charged conductor is constant and uniform, though not necessarily zero, while outside the conductor, the potential is nonzero. This is because the electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is zero, leading to a uniform potential throughout the conductor's inside and surface.
Explanation:
When considering an arbitrarily shaped piece of conductor with a net negative charge in space, we can assert that the electric potential within the conductor is constant throughout its volume. By the principle that in electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field inside a conductor is zero, the potential has the same value in all points inside the conductor. However, this potential value is not necessarily zero; it is referenced to a point far away from the conductor, where the potential is assumed to be zero. Outside of the conductor, the potential is nonzero and governed by the distribution of charge on the conductor's surface and the distance from it.
Considering a perfect conductor, when a test charge is moved from one point to another within or on the surface of the conductor, no work is done, because the electric field is zero. Hence, the electric potential difference between any two points is zero, and all points in and on the conductor share the same potential value with respect to infinity or ground.
Despite the conductor’s potential not being zero in general, its uniformity throughout highlights a fundamental concept in electrostatics: that upon reaching equilibrium, charge distributes on the conductor's surface to ensure the electric field within the conductor is nonexistent, thus establishing a uniform potential.
A man stands on the roof of a building of height 14.9 m and throws a rock with a velocity of magnitude 31.9 m/s at an angle of 25.2 ∘ above the horizontal. You can ignore air resistance.Assume that the rock is thrown from the level of the roof.
Calculate the maximum height above the roof reached by the rock.
Calculate the magnitude of the velocity of the rock just before it strikes the ground.
Calculate the horizontal distance from the base of the building to the point where the rock strikes the ground.
Answer:
(a) 9.402 meters above the roof
(b) Velocity is 31.193 m/s just before hitting the ground
(c) Horizontal distance traveled is 104.2 meters
Explanation:
Let's first find the horizontal and vertical velocity components of the rock when it is thrown. These are:
[tex]V_x=31.9 * Cos(25.2)[/tex]
[tex]V_y=31.9*Sin(25.2)[/tex]
So we have,
Horizontal velocity = 28.864 m/s
Vertical velocity = 13.582 m/s
Now let's solve the three parts with this information:
(a) To find the maximum height, we need to use the fact that vertical velocity at this point will be zero, as the rock is just about to start falling downward. So we have:
[tex](V_f)^2 - (V_i)^2 = 2*a*s[/tex]
where [tex]V_f[/tex] is the final velocity = 0 m/s
[tex]V_i[/tex] is the initial velocity = 13.582 m/s
and a is the acceleration = -9.81 m/s^2
Solving, we get:
[tex]0^2-13.582^2=2*(-9.81)*s[/tex]
s = 9.402 m (distance above roof)
(b) Using the maximum height from (a), we can solve the following equation:
[tex](V_f)^2 - (V_i)^2 = 2*a*s[/tex]
where [tex]V_f[/tex] is the final velocity we need to find,
[tex]V_i[/tex] is the initial velocity = 0 m/s (from maximum height)
a is the acceleration = 9.81 m/s^2
and s = 14.9 + 9.402 = 24.302 m
Solving, we get:
[tex](V_f)^2 - (0)^2 = 2*(9.81)*(24.302)[/tex]
[tex]V_f = 21.836[/tex] m/s
As this is just the vertical velocity, to find the total velocity we have:
V = [tex]\sqrt{(V_x)^2+(V_y)^2}[/tex]
V = [tex]\sqrt{28.864^2 + 21.836^2}[/tex]
V = 36.193 m/s (Total velocity just before it hits the ground)
(c) To solve for this, we need to know the total time for this projectile motion, we can calculate this as follows:
[tex]s=u*t+\frac{1}{2} (a*t^2)[/tex]
here, s = -14.9 m
u = 13.582 m/s (initial vertical velocity)
a = - 9.81 m/s^2 (acceleration due to gravity)
Solving, we get:
[tex]-14.9 = 13.582t+0.5(-9.81t^2)[/tex]
and get the answers:
t1 = 3.61 s
t2 = -0.84 s
Since t2 isn't possible, our total time is t1 = 3.61 seconds.
Using this and our horizontal velocity, we can find the total distance traveled:
Distance = 28.864 * 3.61
Distance = 104.2 m (horizontal)