5 kg of steam contained within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes an expansion from state 1, where the specific internal energy is u1 = 2709.9 kJ/kg, to state 2, where u2 = 2659.6 kJ/kg.
During the process, there is heat transfer to the steam with a magnitude of 80 kJ. Also, a paddle wheel transfers energy to the steam by work in the amount of 18.5 kJ.
There is no significant change in the kinetic or potential energy of the steam.
Determine the energy transfer by work from the steam to the piston during the process, in kJ.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Energy Transfer  =  350 kJ

Explanation:

The net work can be determined from an energy balance. That is, with assumption

∆KE + ∆PE + ∆U = Q − W

Where

∆KE = ∆PE = 0 (Since There is no significant change in the kinetic or potential energy of the steam)

The net work is the sum of the work associated with the paddlewheel Wpw

and the work done on the piston Wpiston:

W = Wpw + Wpiston

From the given information, Wpw= −18.5 kJ,

Collecting results:

Wpw + Wpiston = Q − ∆U

Wpiston = Q − ∆U − Wpw= Q − m (u2− u1) − Wpw

Where Q=80kJ, m=5kg, u2 = 2659.6 kJ/kg,  u1 = 2709.9 kJ/kg

= 80 kJ − 5 kg (2659.6 − 2709.9)kJ/kg − ( −18. 5 kJ)

= 350 kJ

Answer 2

The energy transfer by work from steam to piston is ; [tex]W_{p}[/tex] =  350 kJ

Given that ;

ΔU = ( 2659.6 - 2709.9 ) = - 50.3 kJ/Kg

Q ( heat magnitude ) = 80 kJ

m ( mass of steam ) = 5 kg

Energy transferred by paddle wheel ( [tex]W_{pp}[/tex] ) = - 18.5 kJ

Energy transferred to piston ( [tex]W_{p}[/tex] ) = ?

Total work done given that there is no change on K.E. and P.E.

Total work done = m ( ∆U ) = Q - W  ----- ( 1 )

where W = [tex]W_{pp} + W_{p}[/tex]

Equation ( 1 ) becomes

ΔU = Q - [tex]( W_{PP} + W_{P} )[/tex] ------ ( 2 )

Therefore the energy transferred to piston by work from steam ( [tex]W_{p}[/tex] )

[tex]W_{p}[/tex] = Q - m( ΔU )  - [tex]W_{pp}[/tex]

     = 80 - 5(- 50.3 ) - ( -18.5 )

     = 350 kJ

Hence the The energy transfer by work from steam to piston is ; [tex]W_{p}[/tex] =  350 kJ

Learn more : https://brainly.com/question/2931410


Related Questions

Calculate the molar heat capacity of a monatomic non-metallic solid at 500K which is characterized by an Einstein temperature of 300K. Express your result as a multiple of 3R.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Given

Temperature of solid [tex]T=500\ K[/tex]

Einstein Temperature [tex]T_E=300\ K[/tex]

Heat Capacity in the Einstein model is given by

[tex]C_v=3R\left [ \frac{T_E}{T}\right ]^2\frac{e^{\frac{T_E}{T}}}{\left ( e^{\frac{T_E}{T}}-1\right )^2}[/tex]

[tex]e^{\frac{3}{5}}=1.822[/tex]

Substitute the values

[tex]C_v=3R\times (\frac{300}{500})^2\times (\frac{1.822}{(1.822-1)^2})[/tex]

[tex]C_v=3R\times \frac{9}{25}\times \frac{1.822}{(0.822)^2}[/tex]

[tex]C_v=0.97\times (3R)[/tex]            

An open tank contains brine to a depth of 2 m and a 3-m-layer of oil on top of the brine. Density of brine is 1,030 kg/m3 and the density of oil is 880 kg/m3. What is the gage pressure (kPa) at the bottom of the tank?

Answers

Answer:

Gage pressure at the bottom of the tank = 46.1kP

Explanation:

Note that it is required to expressed the gage pressure ,pressure at the free surface=0 gage

Pressure due to the oil layer= (3m)*((800kg/m^3)(9.81m/s^2))/1000=25.9kpa

Pressure due to the brine layer=(2m)*((1030kg/m^3)(9.81m/s^2))/1000=20.2ka

Therefore, the pressure at the bottom=25.9+20.2=46.1kP

The annual average insolation (energy of sunlight per unit area) striking a fixed solar panel in Buffalo, New York, is 200 W*m^−2, while in Phoenix, Arizona, it is 270 W*m^−2. In each location, the solar panel converts 15% of the incident energy into electricity. Average annual electricity use in Buffalo is 6000 kW*h at an average cost of $0.15 kW*h, while in Phoenix it is 11,000 kW*h at a cost of $0.09 kW*h.
1. In each city, what area of solar panel is needed to meet the average electrical needs of a residence?

Answers

Answer:

The area of solar panel needed in Buffalo is 22.83 m²

The area of solar panel needed in Phoenix is 31 m²

Explanation:

FOR BUFFALO:

First we, calculate the the annual power requirement by dividing the energy by the time of 1 year.

Therefore,

Power Requirement = P = 6000 KWhr/(1 yr)(365 days/yr)(24 hr/day)

P = 684.93 W

Now, to calculate the area we use the formula:

Area = A = P/(Annual Insolation)(Conversion Factor)

A = 684.93 W/(200 W/m²)(0.15)

A = 22.83 m²

FOR PHOENIX:

First we, calculate the the annual power requirement by dividing the energy by the time of 1 year.

Therefore,

Power Requirement = P = 11000 KWhr/(1 yr)(365 days/yr)(24 hr/day)

P = 1255.7 W

Now, to calculate the area we use the formula:

Area = A = P/(Annual Insolation)(Conversion Factor)

A = 1255.7 W/(270 W/m²)(0.15)

A = 31 m²

A particle, originally at rest and located at point (3 ft, 2 ft, 5 ft), is subjected to an acceleration a = {6ti + 12t^2k} ft/s^2. Determine the particle’s position (x, y, z) when t = 2 s.

Answers

The particle's position at t = 2 s is (11 ft, 2 ft, 21 ft).

To determine the particle's position at t = 2 s, we need to integrate the acceleration function twice. First, we'll find the velocity function:

[tex]\[ \mathbf{v}(t) =\int \mathbf{a}(t) \, dt \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \int (6t\mathbf{i} + 12t^2 \mathbf{k}) \, dt \\= 3t^2 \mathbf{i} + 4t^3 \mathbf{k} + \mathbf{C} \][/tex]

where C₁ is the constant of integration.

Next, we'll find the position function:

[tex]\[ \mathbf{v}(t) = \int (3t^2 \mathbf{i} + 4t^3 \mathbf{k} + \mathbf{C}_1) \, dt \\= t^3 \mathbf{i} + t^4 \mathbf{k} + \mathbf{C}_1 t + \mathbf{C}_2 \][/tex]

where C₂ is the constant of integration.

Given the initial conditions, we know that at t = 0, the particle is at rest (v = 0) and located at point (3 ft, 2 ft, 5 ft). We can use these conditions to find the values of C₁ and C₂:

[tex]c_{1} = (0 i + 0 j + 0 k) - (3(0^{2} i + 4(0^{4} k) = 0[/tex]

[tex]c_{2}[/tex][tex]= (3 i + 2 j + 5 k)[/tex] - ([tex]i + 0^{4}k[/tex] )

[tex]= (3 i + 2 j + 5 k)[/tex]

Now we can find the position at t = 2 s:

= [tex]2^{3}[/tex][tex]i[/tex] + [tex]2^{4}[/tex][tex]k + (0)(2) + (3 i + 2 j + 5 k)[/tex]

[tex]= (8 i + 16 k) + (3 i + 2 j + 5 k)[/tex]

[tex]= (11 i + 2 j + 21 k)[/tex]

So the particle's position at t = 2 s is (11 ft, 2 ft, 21 ft).

Determine the values of the lumped parasitic capacitor and inductor in a 5 ft long two-wire transmission line with air dielectric (See Chapter 7 in the Stanley and Harrington textbook). Each wire has a diameter of 1 mm and the separation between the wires is 1 inch. Show your calculations and the equations used.

Answers

Answer: See attachment below

Explanation:

The two pond system is fed by a stream with flow rate 1.0 MGD (million gallons per day) and BOD (nonconservative pollutant) concentration of 20 mg/L. The rate of decay of BOD is 0.3/day. The volume of the first pond is 5 million gallons and the second is 3 million. Assuming complete mixing within the pond, find the BOD concentration leaving each pond.

Answers

Answer: First pond= 8.0 mg/L

second pond = 4.2 mg/L

Explanation:

Cn/Co = [ 1/ [ 1 + (k*t/n)]]

for the first pond

where Co into the first pond is 20mg/L,

Cn = 20*[ 1/ [ 1+ ((1 x 5)/0.3)]]

Cn = 8 mg/L

into the second pond we calculate the BOD leaving the pond of volume 3million liters

we have Cn = 4.2 mg/L

Calculate the link parameter and channel utilization efficiency (in error-free channels) for a system with the following parameters, if the simplex stop and wait protocol is used. a) Bitrate: R=12 Mbps, Modulation: BPSK, distance between the transmitter and receiver: d-6 miles, propagation velocity:v3 x 108 m/s and the length of each frame: L-500 bits. b) Symbolrate: Rs.10 Msps, Modulation: QPSK, distance between the transmitter and receiver: d=15 km, propagation velocity: v 3 x 108 m/s and the length of each frame: L- 256 bits.

Answers

Answer: a) 0.77 and 0.39 b) 3.9 and 0.20

Explanation:

We have to find two things here i.e link parameter and channel utilization efficiency.

a)

We are given

Bitrate= 12 Mbps,

Distance= 6 miles

Propagation Velocity= 3 x 10⁸ m/s

Length of frame= 500 bits

We know that The link parameter is related to propagation time and frame time

Where Propagation time= Bitrate x Distance= 12 Mbps x 6 miles

and Frame time= Propagation velocity x length of frame= 3 x 10⁸ x 500

So,

Link parameter= [tex]\frac{12*10^6*6*1609.34}{3*10^8*500}[/tex]

Link parameter= 0.77

Channel utilization efficiency= [tex]\frac{1}{1+2* link parameter}[/tex]

Channel utilization efficiency= 0.39

b)

We are given

Bitrate= 10 Mbps,

Distance= 15 km

Propagation Velocity= 3 x 10⁸ m/s

Length of frame= 256 bits

We know that The link parameter is related to propagation time and frame time, Here QPSK is used so bitrate is multiplied by 2,

Where Propagation time= Bitrate x Distance= 2 x 10 Mbps x 15 km

and Frame time= Propagation velocity x length of frame= 3 x 10⁸ x 256

So,

Link parameter= [tex]\frac{2*10*10^6*15*1000}{3*10^8*256}[/tex]

Link parameter= 3.9

Channel utilization efficiency= [tex]\frac{1}{1+2* link parameter}[/tex]

Channel utilization efficiency= 0.20

What does a blueprint slide do? Check all that apply. Provides a review of your key points near the end of your presentation Provides transitions as you move from point to point Provides an overview of your points Provides a clear explanation of one main point Provides a template for your presentation outline

Answers

Answer:

- Provides an overview of your points

Provides a review of your key points near the end of your presentation

Provides transitions as you move from point to point

Explanation:

What does a blueprint slide do? Check all that apply. Provides a review of your key points near the end of your presentation Provides transitions as you move from point to point Provides an overview of your points Provides a clear explanation of one main point Provides a template for your presentation outline

- Provides an overview of your points

Provides a review of your key points near the end of your presentation

Provides transitions as you move from point to point

. A blueprint slide would not be useful for a clear explanation of one point or as a template for your outline. You would have to use a different slide layouts.

Blueprints slide establishes how you are going to work through your presentation. it is on the introductory part of your presentation.

Contains a description of your statements, a recap of your important points after your presentations, and transitioning as you get further from source to destination.

A blueprint presentation does indeed have a uniform appearance and might even be utilized throughout a variety of methods throughout the presentation.An aesthetically compelling blueprint slideshow should, for illustration, provide an introduction of your arguments, certain transitioning to allow you to proceed between one aspect to the next one, or maybe even a summary of your essential aspects towards the end of the session.

Thus the response above is correct.

Learn more about blueprint here:

https://brainly.com/question/12139184

The passageway between the riser and the main cavity must have a small cross-sectional area to minimize waste of casting metal: True or False

Answers

Answer:

True

Explanation:

The passageway between the riser and the main cavity must have a small cross-sectional area to reduce waste of material in metal casting.

Automobiles must be able to sustain a frontal impact. Specifically, the design must allow low speed impacts with little damage, while allowing the vehicle front end structure to deform and absorb impact energy at higher speeds. Consider a frontal impact test of a vehicle with a mass of 1000 kg. a. For a low speed test (v = 2.5 m/s), compute the energy in the vehicle just prior to impact. If the bumper is a pure elastic element, what is the effective design stiffness required to limit the bumper maximum deflection during impact to 4 cm? b. At a higher speed impact of v = 25 m/s, considerable deformation occurs. To absorb the energy, the front end of a vehicle is designed to deform while providing a nearly constant force. For this condition, what is the amount of energy that must be absorbed by the deformation [neglecting the energy stored in the elastic deformation in (a)? If it is desired to limit the deformation to 10 cm, what level of resistance force is required? What is the deacceleration of the vehicle in this condition?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The concept of Hooke's law was applied as it relates to deformation.

The detailed steps and appropriate substitution is as shown in the attached file.

Two balanced Y-connected loads in parallel, one drawing 15kW at 0.6 power factor lagging and the other drawing 10kVA at 0.8 power factor leading, are supplied by a balanced, three-phase, 480-volt source. (a) Draw the power triangle for each load and for the combined load. (b) Determine the power factor of the combined load and state whether lagging or leading. (c) Determine the magnitude of the line current from the source. (d) Δ-connected capacitors are now installed in parallel with the combined load. What value of capacitive reactance is needed in each leg of the A to make the source power factor unity? Give your answer in Ω. (e) Compute the magnitude of the current in each capacitor and the line current from the source.

Answers

Answer:

(a) attached below

(b) [tex]pf_{C}=0.85[/tex] [tex]lagging[/tex]

(c) [tex]I_{C} =32.37 A[/tex]

(d) [tex]X_{C} =49.37[/tex] Ω

(e) [tex]I_{cap} =9.72 A[/tex] and [tex]I_{line} =27.66 A[/tex]

Explanation:

Given data:

[tex]P_{1}=15 kW[/tex]

[tex]S_{2} =10 kVA[/tex]

[tex]pf_{1} =0.6[/tex] [tex]lagging[/tex]

[tex]pf_{2}=0.8[/tex] [tex]leading[/tex]

[tex]V=480[/tex] [tex]Volts[/tex]

(a) Draw the power triangle for each load and for the combined load.

[tex]\alpha_{1}=cos^{-1} (0.6)=53.13[/tex]°

[tex]\alpha_{2}=cos^{-1} (0.8)=36.86[/tex]°

[tex]S_{1}=P_{1} /pf_{1} =15/0.6=25 kVA[/tex]

[tex]Q_{1}=P_{1} tan(\alpha_{1} )=15*tan(53.13)=19.99[/tex] ≅ [tex]20kVAR[/tex]

[tex]P_{2} =S_{2}*pf_{2} =10*0.8=8 kW[/tex]

[tex]Q_{2} =P_{2} tan(\alpha_{2} )=8*tan(-36.86)=-5.99[/tex] ≅ [tex]-6 kVAR[/tex]

The negative sign means that the load 2 is providing reactive power rather than consuming  

Then the combined load will be

[tex]P_{c} =P_{1} +P_{2} =15+8=23 kW[/tex]

[tex]Q_{c} =Q_{1} +Q_{2} =20-6=14 kVAR[/tex]

(b) Determine the power factor of the combined load and state whether lagging or leading.

[tex]S_{c} =P_{c} +jQ_{c} =23+14j[/tex]

or in the polar form

[tex]S_{c} =26.92<31.32[/tex]°

[tex]pf_{C}=cos(31.32) =0.85[/tex] [tex]lagging[/tex]

The relationship between Apparent power S and Current I is

[tex]S=VI^{*}[/tex]

Since there is conjugate of current I therefore, the angle will become negative and hence power factor will be lagging.

(c) Determine the magnitude of the line current from the source.

Current of the combined load can be found by

[tex]I_{C} =S_{C}/\sqrt{3}*V[/tex]

[tex]I_{C} =26.92*10^3/\sqrt{3}*480=32.37 A[/tex]

(d) Δ-connected capacitors are now installed in parallel with the combined load. What value of capacitive reactance is needed in each leg of the A to make the source power factor unity?Give your answer in Ω

[tex]Q_{C} =3*V^2/X_{C}[/tex]

[tex]X_{C} =3*V^2/Q_{C}[/tex]

[tex]X_{C} =3*(480)^2/14*10^3[/tex] Ω

(e) Compute the magnitude of the current in each capacitor and the line current from the source.

Current flowing in the capacitor is  

[tex]I_{cap} =V/X_{C} =480/49.37=9.72 A[/tex]

Line current flowing from the source is

[tex]I_{line} =P_{C} /3*V=23*10^3/3*480=27.66 A[/tex]

An ant starts at one edge of a long strip of paper that is 34.2 cm wide. She travels at 1.3 cm/s at an angle of 61◦ with the long edge. How long will it take her to get across? Answer in units of s.

Answers

Answer:

t = 30.1 sec

Explanation:

If the ant is moving at a constant speed, the velocity vector will have the same magnitude at any point, and can be decomposed in two vectors, along directions perpendicular each other.

If we choose these directions coincident with the long edge of the paper, and the other perpendicular to it, the components of the velocity vector, along these axes, can be calculated as the projections of this vector along these axes.

We are only interested in the component of the velocity across the paper, that can be calculated as follows:

vₓ = v* sin θ, where v is the magnitude of the velocity, and θ the angle that forms v with the long edge.

We know that v= 1.3 cm/s, and θ = 61º, so we can find vₓ as follows:

vₓ = 1.3 cm/s * sin 61º = 1.3 cm/s * 0.875 = 1.14 cm/s

Applying the definition of average velocity, we can solve for t:

t =[tex]\frac{x}{vx}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{34.2 cm}{1.14 cm/s} =30.1 sec[/tex]

t = 30.1 sec

A flow is described by velocity field V=ai+bxj where a = 2 (m/s) and b = 1 (1/s) , coordinates are measured in meters. a) Obtain the equation for the streamline passing through the point (2,5). b) At t=2s , what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (0,4) at t=0. c) At t=3s , what are the coordinates of the particle that passed through point (1,4.25) 2 seconds earlier.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The concept of differential in rate of change is applied to solve the problem.

First is to compare the equation given V=ai+bxj  , where u = a and v = bx.

the detailed steps and appropriate integration and substitution is as shown in the attached file.

The streamline equation and the coordinates of the point are

A) [tex]x^2-4y+16[/tex]

B) (4, 12)

C) (3, 11.25)

Given that, [tex]V=ai+bxj[/tex], [tex]a=\frac{2m}{s}[/tex] and [tex]b=1s^{-1}[/tex]

Putting the value, we get

[tex]V=2i+1.xj[/tex]

From this equation, we get

[tex]u=2\frac{m}{s}[/tex] and [tex]v=x\frac{m}{s}[/tex]

Obtain the equation for the streamline passing through the point (2,5), streamline equation

[tex]\frac{dx}{u}=\frac{dy}{v}[/tex]

Putting the value, we get

[tex]\frac{dx}{2}=\frac{dy}{x}[/tex]

rearrange it and do integration:

[tex]\int xdx=\int 2dy[/tex]

[tex]\frac{x^2}{2}=2y+c -------(i)[/tex]

C is the integration constant.

[tex]\frac{2^2}{2}=(2\times5)+C[/tex]

[tex]C=-8[/tex]

Put the value of C in equation (i), we get

[tex]\frac{x^2}{2}=2y-8[/tex]

[tex]y=\frac{x^2}{4}+4[/tex]

[tex]x^2-4y+16=0[/tex]

b) [tex]u=2\frac{m}{s}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{dx}{dt}=2[/tex]

Rearrange and integrate

[tex]\int dx=\int 2dt[/tex]

[tex]x=2t+C_1[/tex]

Put x=0 and t=0

[tex]0=0+C_1[/tex]

[tex]C_1=0[/tex]

Put the value of constant we get

[tex]x=2t[/tex]

at [tex]t=2s[/tex]

[tex]x=2\times2= 4 --------(2)[/tex]

Now, [tex]v=x \frac{m}{s}[/tex]

[tex]\frac{dy}{dt}=x[/tex]

Rearrange and integrate:

[tex]\int dy=\int xdt[/tex]

[tex]y=xt+C_2[/tex]

Putting the value of x, y and t we get the value of constant.

[tex]4(0\times0)+C_2[/tex]

[tex]C_2=4[/tex]

Putting the value of constant we get

[tex]y=xt+4[/tex]

Put the value of [tex]t=2[/tex] and [tex]x=4[/tex] we get

[tex]y=(4\times2)+4[/tex]

[tex]= 8+4[/tex]

[tex]y= 12 -------(3)[/tex]

From (2) and (3)

we get the coordinates of the particle that passed through point [tex](0,4)[/tex] at [tex]t=0[/tex].

After [tex]t=2s[/tex] as [tex](4, 12)[/tex]

c) first we have to find the integration constant through initial condition then put the value of time to get the coordinates.

From above we have:

(1) [tex]x=2t+C_1[/tex] and

(2) [tex]y=xt+C_2[/tex]

Given [tex]t=2s[/tex] and [tex]P(1, 4.25)[/tex]

Putting the value in first equation, we get

[tex]1=(2\times2)+C_1[/tex]

[tex]C_1 =-3[/tex]

Put the value of time [tex]t=3s[/tex] we get

[tex]x=(2\times3)-3=3 ---------(a)[/tex]

Now, putting the value in second equation  we get

[tex]4.25=(1\times2)+C_2[/tex]

[tex]C_2 =2.25[/tex]

Then [tex]y=xt+2.25[/tex]

Put the value of time [tex]t=3s[/tex] we get

[tex]y=(3\times3)+2.25=11.25 -------(b)[/tex]

From (a) and (b) we get the coordinate of the point after [tex]t=3s[/tex] is [tex](3, 11.25)[/tex].

Therefore, streamline equation and the coordinates of the point are

A) [tex]x^2-4y+16[/tex]

B) (4, 12)

C) (3, 11.25)

Learn more about the streamline passing through the point here:

https://brainly.com/question/34111016.

#SPJ3

explain the four functional blocks on an oscilloscope and describe the major controls within each block

Answers

Answer:

The cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO) consists of a set of blocks. Those are vertical amplifier, delay line, trip circuit, time base generator, horizontal amplifier, cathode ray tube (CRT) and power supply. The CRO block diagram is shown in attached figure.

The function of each CRO block is mentioned below,

Vertical amplifier amplifies the input signal, which will be displayed on the CRT screen.

Delay line provides a certain amount of delay to the signal, which is obtained at the output of the vertical amplifier. This delayed signal is then applied to the CRT vertical deflection plates.

Trigger circuit produces a trigger signal to synchronize the horizontal and vertical deviations of the electron beam.

Time base generator produces a sawtooth signal, which is useful for horizontal deviation of the electron beam.

Horizontal amplifier amplifies the sawtooth signal and then connects it to the CRT horizontal deflection plates.

Power supply produces high and low voltages. The high negative voltage and the low positive voltage apply to CRT and other circuits respectively.

Cathode ray tube (CRT)

it is the main important block of CRO and consists mainly of four parts. Those are electronic guns, vertical deflection plates, horizontal deflection plates and fluorescent display.

The electron beam, which is produced by an electron gun, is deflected both vertically and horizontally by a pair of vertical deflection plates and a pair of horizontal deflection plates, respectively. Finally, the deflected beam will appear as a point on the fluorescent screen.

In this way, CRO will display the input signal applied on the CRT screen. So, we can analyze the signals in the time domain using CRO.

Explanation:

The oscilloscopes which is widely used for analysis purpose of circuits is divided into four main groups: the horizontal and vertical controls, the input controls and the activation controls.

Found in the front panel section marked Horizontal, the oscilloscope's horizontal controls allow users to adjust the horizontal scale of the screen. This section includes the control of the horizontal delay (displacement), as well as the control that indicates the time per division on the x-axis. The first control allows users to scan through a time range, while the latter allows users to approach a particular time range by decreasing the time per division.

Meanwhile, the oscilloscope's vertical controls are usually found in a section specifically marked as Vertical. The controls found in this section allow users to adjust the vertical appearance of the screen and include the control that indicates the number of volts per division on the axis and the grid of the screen. Also in this section is the control of the vertical displacement of the waveform, which translates the waveform up or down on the screen.

Signal activation helps provide a usable and stable display and allows users to synchronize the oscilloscope acquisition in the waveform of interest. The oscilloscope trigger controls allow users to choose the vertical trigger level, as well as the desired trigger capability. Common types of activation include fault activation, edge activation and pulse width activation.

Useful for identifying random errors or failures, the activation of faults allows users to fire at a pulse or event whose width is less than or greater than a specific period of time. This activation mode allows users to capture errors or technical problems that do not occur very frequently, which makes them very difficult to see.

The most famous trigger mode, edge tripping occurs when the voltage exceeds a set threshold value. This mode allows users to choose between shooting on a falling or rising edge.

Although pulse width activation is comparable to fault activation when users search for pulse width, it is, however, more general since it allows users to fire pulses of specified width. Users can also select the polarity of the pulses to be activated and set the horizontal position of the trigger. This allows users to see what happened during pre-shot or post-shot.

The input panels of an oscilloscope usually include two or four analog channels. They are usually numbered and have a button associated with each channel that allows users to activate and deactivate them. This section may also include a selection that allows users to specify the DC or AC coupling. Selecting the DC coupling implies that the entire signal will be input. The AC pairing, on the other hand, blocks the DC component and focuses the waveform around zero volts. Operators can also identify the probe impedance of the channels through a selection button. In adding, the input panels permit users to select the type of sampling to be used.

Write a linear equation expressing the number of t-shirts sold each month as a function of price per t-shirt. Please be explicit about what your chosen variables represent. Find the slope and intercepts of this equation (including their units). What real life meaning do these values have?

Answers

Answer:

slope of the equation = -0.006778 and the intercept = 27.11

Explanation:

The following details were also given ; They predict the monthly T shirts to be 1750 shirts, if you price them at $15.25 per shirt or 791 shirts if you price them at $21.75 per shirt.

The detailed steps and calculation is as shown in the attached file.

Maintaining an optimistic attitude, building self-efficacy, strengthening stress inoculation, experiencing secure personal relationships, and practicing spirituality or religiosity are factors to help individuals thrive in the face of _____.

Answers

Final answer:

Optimistic attitude, self-efficacy, stress inoculation, secure relationships, and spirituality are factors that help individuals cope with adversity. These elements foster hardiness and stress-related growth, allowing individuals to manage chronic and acute stressors more effectively and pursue personal development.

Explanation:

Maintaining an optimistic attitude, building self-efficacy, strengthening stress inoculation, experiencing secure personal relationships, and practicing spirituality or religiosity are factors to help individuals thrive in the face of adversity.

Adversity can include both chronic stressors, such as long-term unemployment, and acute stressors, like illnesses or loss. These stressors require coping mechanisms and personal strengths for an individual to manage effectively. Optimism is a general tendency to expect positive outcomes and it contributes to less stress and happier dispositions. Self-efficacy, defined by Albert Bandura, is the belief in one's abilities to reach goals, which empowers a proactive response to stressors. The concept of hardiness, which relates to optimism and self-efficacy, describes those who are less affected by life's stressors and use effective coping strategies.

Furthermore, stress-related growth or thriving describes the ability of individuals to exceed previous performances and show increased strength in the face of adversity. The nurturing of secure personal relationships provides social support that can aid in increasing positive affect and reducing the number of physical symptoms during stressful times.

Define a function pyramid_volume with parameters base_length, base_width, and pyramid_height, that returns the volume of a pyramid with a rectangular base. Sample output with inputs: 4.5 2.1 3.0 Volume for 4.5, 2.1, 3.0 is: 9.45 Relevant geometry equations: Volume

Answers

Hi, you haven't provided the programing language in which you need the code, I'll just explain how to do it using Python, and you can apply a similar method for any programming language.

Answer:

1. def pyramid_volume(base_length, base_width, pyramid_height):

2.     volume = base_length*base_width*pyramid_height/3

3.     return(volume)

Explanation step by step:

In the first line of code, we define the function pyramid_volume and it's input parametersIn the second line, we perform operations with the input values to get the volume of the pyramid with a rectangular base, the formula is V = l*w*h/3In the last line of code, we return the volume  

In the image below you can see the result of calling the function with input 4.5, 2.1, 3.0.

Final answer:

The function 'pyramid_volume' can be used to compute the volume of a pyramid with a rectangular base. Its calculation uses the equation: V = (base_area * height) / 3, where base_area = base_length * base_width. Given the inputs 4.5, 2.1, and 3.0 for base_length, base_width, and pyramid_height respectively, the volume would be 9.45

Explanation:

The function pyramid_volume is best defined in the context of Mathematics, particularly, geometric formulas. To compute the volume of a pyramid with a rectangular base, you can utilize the formula: V = (base_area * height) / 3. Here, base_area is equal to base_length times base_width. Hence, the function pyramid_volume could be defined as follows:

Volume = lambda base_length, base_width, pyramid_height: (base_length * base_width * pyramid_height) / 3.

Thus, if you input 4.5, 2.1, and 3.0 as your base_length, base_width, pyramid_height respectively into the function, it will return the volume of the pyramid, which in this case is 9.45.

Learn more about Volume Computation here:

https://brainly.com/question/33636745

#SPJ3

Consider the generic state space model *(t)= Ax(t) + Bu(t) y(t) = Cx(t)+Du(t). Use the definition of Al to show that x(t)=1*[4=) Bu(t)dt is the state response under input u(t).

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

[tex]\dot x (t) - ax(t)=bu(t)\\\\e^{-at}\dot x = e^{-at}ax = \frac{d}{dt} (e^{-at})=e^{-at}bu\\\\\int\limits^t_0 \frac{d}{d\tau}(e^{-a\tau}x(\tau))d\tau=e^{-at}x(t)-x(0)=\int\limits^t_0 e^{-a\tau}bu(\tau))d\tau\\\\x(t)=e^{at}x(0)+ \int\limits^t_0 e^{-a(t-\tau)}bu(\tau))d\tau[/tex]

Similarly,

[tex]e^{-At}\dot x(t) -e^{-At}Ax(t) = \frac{d}{dt} (e^{-At}x(t))=e^{-At}Bu(t)\\\\\int\limits^t_0 \frac{d}{d\tau}(e^{-A\tau}x(\tau))d\tau=e^{-At}x(t)-e^{-A.0}x(0)=\int\limits^t_0 e^{-A\tau}Bu(\tau))d\tau\\\\since\:\:\:e^{-A.0}=I \:\:\: and\:\:\:[e^{-At}]^{-1}=e^{At}\\\\x(t)=e^{At}x(0)+ e^{At}\int\limits^t_0 e^{-A\tau}Bu(\tau))d\tau\\\\x(t)=e^{At}x(0)+ \int\limits^t_0 e^{A(t-\tau)}Bu(\tau))d\tau[/tex]

For initial condition x(0) = 0

[tex]x(t)= \int\limits^t_0 e^{A(t-\tau)}Bu(\tau))d\tau[/tex]

Problem 4: The built-in function clock returns a row vector that contains 6 elements: the first three are the current date (year, month, day) and the last three represent the current time in hours (24 hour clock), minutes, and seconds. The seconds is a real number, but all others are integers. Use function sprintf to accomplish the following formatting exercises. a) Get the current date and time and store them in p4a. The current date and time should be the date and time when the grader calls your script. b) Using the format 'YYYY:MM:DD', write the current date to string p4b. Here, YYYY, MM, and DD correspond to 4-digit year, 2-digit month, and 2-digit day, respectively. c) Using the format 'HH:MM:SS.SSSS', write the current time to string p4c. Here, HH, MM, and SS.SSSS correspond to 2-digit hour, 2-digit minute and 7-character second (2 digits before the decimal point and 4 digits after the decimal points), respectively. d) Remove the last 5 characters from the string in part (c) so that the format is now 'HH:MM:SS'. Put the answer into string p4d. e) Combine the strings in part (b) and part (d) together separated by a single space. Put theanswer in string p4e

Answers

Answer is 77 because

All brake lights are dimmer than normal. Technician A says that bad bulbs could be the cause. Technician B says that high resistance in the brake switch could be the cause. Which technician is correct?a. Technician A onlyb. Technician B onlyc. Both Technician A and Bd. Neither Technician A nor B

Answers

Answer:

All Brake lights are dimmer than normal because high resistance in the brake switch could be the cause according to Technician B.

Explanation:

According to Technician A

When the bulb is faulty then no current will flow through bulb and it will be open circuit.So no light will produce in bulb .

According to Technician B

When a high resistance inserted in series  circuit the voltage across each resistance is reduced and this cause the light glow dimly.

Formula of resistance in series circuit

Rt=r1+r2+r3......

The velocity components u and v in a two-dimensional flow field are given by: u = 4yt ft./s, v = 4xt ft./s, where t is time. What is the time rate of change of the velocity vector V (i.e., the acceleration vector) for a fluid particle at x = 1 ft. and y = 1 ft. at time t = 1 second?

Answers

Answer:

vec(a) = 16 i + 16 j

mag(a) = 22.63 ft/s^2

Explanation:

Given,

- The two components of velocity are given for fluid flow:

                                       u = 4*y ft/s

                                       v = 4*x ft/s

Find:

What is the time rate of change of the velocity vector V (i.e., the acceleration vector) for a fluid particle at x = 1 ft. and y = 1 ft. at time t = 1 second?

Solution:

- The rate of change of velocity is given to be acceleration. We will take derivative of each components of velocity with respect to time t:

                                      a_x = du / dt

                                      a_x = 4*dy/dt

                                      a_y = dv/dt

                                      a_y = 4*dx/dt

- The expressions dx/dt is the velocity component u and dy/dt is the velocity component v:

                                     a_x = 4*(4*y) = 16y

                                     a_y = 4*(4*x) = 16x

- The acceleration vector can be expressed by:

                                     vec(a) = 16y i + 16x j

- Evaluate vector (a) at x = 1 and y = 1:

                                     vec(a) = 16*1 i + 16*1 j = 16 i + 16 j

- The magnitude of acceleration is given by:

                                     mag(a) = sqrt ( a^2_x + a^2_y )

                                     mag(a) = sqrt ( 16^2 + 16^2 )

                                     mag(a) = 22.63 ft/s^2

Write a static method called quadrant that takes as parameters a pair of real numbers representing an (x, y) point and that returns the quadrant number for that point. Recall that quadrants are numbered as integers from 1 to 4 with the upper-right quadrant numbered 1 and the subsequent quadrants numbered in a counter-clockwise fashion:

Answers

Full Question

Write a static method called quadrant that takes as parameters a pair of real numbers representing an (x, y) point and that returns the quadrant number for that point.

Recall that quadrants are numbered as integers from 1 to 4 with the upper-right quadrant numbered 1 and the subsequent quadrants numbered in a counter-clockwise fashion. Notice that the quadrant is determined by whether the x and y coordinates are positive or negative numbers. If a point falls on the x-axis or the y-axis, then the method should return 0.

Answer

public int quadrant(double x, double y) // Line 1

{

if(x > 0 && y > 0){ //Line 2

return 1;

}

if(x < 0 && y > 0){ // Line 3

return 2;

}

if(x < 0 && y < 0) {// Line 4

return 3;

}

if(x > 0 && y < 0) {// Line 5

return 4;

}

return 0;

}

Explanation:

Line 1 defines the static method.

The method is named quadrant and its of type integer.

Along with the method definition, two variables x and y of type double are also declared

Line 2 checks if x and y are greater than 0.

If yes then the program returns 1

Line 3 checks if x is less than 0 and y is greater than 0

If yes then the program returns 2

Line 4 checks if x and y are less than 0

If yes then the program returns 3

Line 5 checks is x is greater than 0 and y is less than 0

If yes then the program returns 4

From an email message sent to all employees of a law firm advising them to be alert for a new virus: This virus has been known to cause the destruction of files, and it is very important that you perform a search of your hard drive to try and attempt eradication of it using the search feature. Search for .EDT file extensions and delete them. Then the problem will be solved

Answers

Answer:true

Explanation: I’m fram wokonda

The email message you provided is advising law firm employees to be alert for a new virus that can destroy files.

How to explain the emails

The virus is associated with .EDT file extensions, so the email message suggests that employees search their hard drives for these files and delete them.

This advice is generally sound. .EDT files are associated with Adobe Digital Editions, a software program that is used to read eBooks. If a .EDT file is infected with a virus, it could potentially damage or destroy the eBook that it is associated with.

However, it is important to note that not all .EDT files are infected with viruses. It is possible that an employee may have a legitimate .EDT file that they need to keep. Therefore, before deleting any .EDT files, it is important to make sure that they are not infected.

Learn more about email

https://brainly.com/question/24688558

#SPJ2

The specific volume of water vapor at 0.3 MPa, 160°C is 0.651 m3/kg. If the water vapor occupies a volume of 1.2 m3, determine the amount present, in kg.

Answers

The amount of water vapor present, we can use the relationship between specific volume, volume, and mass.

Specific volume= Volume/ Mass, (v) at a certain condition is 0.651 m³/kg and the volume (V) occupied by the water vapor is 1.2 m³, we can rearrange the formula to solve for mass (m):

Mass=  Specific volume/ Volume

           = 1.2/ 0.651

Mass= 1.2/ 0.651  

         = 1.844

Mass=1.844kg

Therefore,  the amount of water vapor present is approximately 1.844 kg.

Learn more about Mass, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/11954533

#SPJ12

A section of highway has a free-flow speed of 55 mph and a capacity of 3300 veh/hr. In a given hour, 2100 vehicles were counted at a specified point along this highway section. If the linear speed density relationship applies, what would you estimate the space-mean speed of the vehicles to be?

Answers

Answer:

Space mean speed = 44 mi/h

Explanation:

Using Greenshield's linear model

q = Uf ( D - [tex]D^{2}[/tex]/Dj )

qcap = capacity flow that gives Dcap

Dcap = Dj/2

qcap = Uf. Dj/4

Where

U = space mean speed

Uf =  free flow speed

D = density

Dj = jam density

now,

Dj = 4 × 3300/55

    = 240v/h

q = Dj ( U - [tex]U^{2}[/tex]/Uf)

2100 = 240 ( U - [tex]U^{2}[/tex]/55)

Solve for U

U = 44m/h

Prompt the user to enter five numbers, being five people's weights. Store the numbers in an array of doubles. Output the array's numbers on one line, each number followed by one space. (2 pts) (2) Also output the total weight, by summing the array's elements. (1 pt) (3) Also output the average of the array's elements. (1 pt) (4) Also output the max array element. (2 pts)

Answers

Answer:

import java.util.Scanner;

  public class PeopleWeights {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);  

    double weightOne = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 1st weight:");

    double weightTwo = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 2nd weight :");

    double weightThree = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 3rd weight :");

    double weightFour = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 4th weight :");

    double weightFive = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 5th weight :");

     double sum = weightOne + weightTwo + weightThree + weightFour + weightFive;

     double[] MyArr = new double[5];

     MyArr[0] = weightOne;

     MyArr[1] = weightTwo;

     MyArr[2] = weightThree;

     MyArr[3] = weightFour;

     MyArr[4] = weightFive;

     System.out.printf("You entered: " + "%.1f %.1f %.1f %.1f %.1f ", weightOne, weightTwo, weightThree, weightFour, weightFive);

     double average = sum / 5;

     System.out.println();

     System.out.println();

     System.out.println("Total weight: " + sum);

     System.out.println("Average weight: " + average);

     double max = MyArr[0];

     for (int counter = 1; counter < MyArr.length; counter++){

        if (MyArr[counter] > max){

           max = MyArr[counter];

        }

     }

     System.out.println("Max weight: " + max);

  }

import java.util.Scanner;

  public class PeopleWeights {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

    Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);  

    double weightOne = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 1st weight:");

    double weightTwo = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 2nd weight :");

    double weightThree = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 3rd weight :");

    double weightFour = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 4th weight :");

    double weightFive = reader.nextDouble();

    System.out.println("Enter 5th weight :");

     double sum = weightOne + weightTwo + weightThree + weightFour + weightFive;

     double[] MyArr = new double[5];

     MyArr[0] = weightOne;

     MyArr[1] = weightTwo;

     MyArr[2] = weightThree;

     MyArr[3] = weightFour;

     MyArr[4] = weightFive;

     System.out.printf("You entered: " + "%.1f %.1f %.1f %.1f %.1f ", weightOne, weightTwo, weightThree, weightFour, weightFive);

     double average = sum / 5;

     System.out.println();

     System.out.println();

     System.out.println("Total weight: " + sum);

     System.out.println("Average weight: " + average);

     double max = MyArr[0];

     for (int counter = 1; counter < MyArr.length; counter++){

        if (MyArr[counter] > max){

           max = MyArr[counter];

        }

     }

     System.out.println("Max weight: " + max);

  }

Answer:

The source code file to this question has been attached to this response. Please download it and go through it. The file contains comments explaining significant sections of the code. Please go through the comments in the code.

Compute the estimated actual endurance limit for SAE 4130 WQT 1300 steel bar with a rectangular cross section of 20.0 mm by 60 mm. It is to be machined and subjected to repeated and reversed bending stress. A reliability of 99% is desired

Answers

Answer:

estimated actual endurance strength = 183.22 MPa

Explanation:

given data

actual endurance limit for SAE 4130 WQT 1300

cross section = 20.0 mm by 60 mm

reliability = 99%

solution

we use here table for get some value for AISI 4130 WQT 1300 steel

Sut = 676 MPa

Sn = 260 MPa

and here

stress factor Cst = 1

and wrought steel Cm = 1

and reliability factor Cr is = 0.81

so here equivalent diameter will be

equivalent diameter = 0.808 [tex]\sqrt{bh}[/tex]    ...........1

equivalent diameter = 0. 808 [tex]\sqrt{20*60}[/tex]  

equivalent diameter = 28 mm

so here size factor will be = 0.87 by the table

so now we can get estimated actual endurance strength will be

actual endurance strength = Sn × Cm × Cst × Cr × Cs ...............2

put here value

actual endurance strength = 260 × 1 × 1 × 0.81 × 0.87

actual endurance strength = 183.22 MPa

Please write the command(s) you should use to achieve the following tasks in GDB. 1. Show the value of variable "test" in hex format. 2. Show the top four bytes on your stack word-by-word, e.g. it should look something like this "0x0102 0x0304", NOT "0x01020304". 3. Check all register values. 4. Set a breakpoint at "ece.c" line 391

Answers

Final answer:

You can use a series of commands to accomplish various tasks in GDB: 'print /x test' to view a variable in hex format, 'x/4wx $sp' to read the top four bytes on your stack by word, 'info registers' to check all register values, and 'break ece.c:391' to set a breakpoint at a specific line.

Explanation:

To achieve the tasks in GDB, you will need to use the following commands:

To show the value of variable "test" in hexadecimal format, use the command: 'print/x test'.Read the top four bytes on your stack word-by-word with the command: 'x/4wx $sp'.Check all register values with the command: 'info registers'.To set a breakpoint at "ece.c" line 391, use the command: 'break ece.c:391'.

Learn more about GDB Commands here:

https://brainly.com/question/33364038

#SPJ2

An 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of 20 hp is pumping water from a lake to a nearby pool at a page 101rate of 1.5 ft3/s through a constant-diameter pipe. The free surface of the pool is 80 ft above that of the lake. Determine the mechanical power used to overcome frictional effects in piping. Answer: 2.37 hp

Answers

Final answer:

To calculate the mechanical power used to overcome friction in piping for the described pump operation, calculate the hydraulic power needed, then subtract the pump's output power (based on its efficiency) from its total input.

Explanation:

The question involves determining the mechanical power used to overcome frictional effects in piping for an 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of 20 hp, which is pumping water at a rate of 1.5 ft3/s from a lake to a pool 80 ft above. Firstly, calculate the total hydraulic power required to move the water to the desired height, then calculate the power output of the pump based on its efficiency. Finally, subtract this value from the total input power to find the power used to overcome friction.

Steps to Solve:

Calculate the hydraulic power needed using the formula P = ρghQ, where ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, h is the height difference, and Q is the flow rate.Calculate the efficient power output of the pump (Actual Power Output) using its efficiency and the input power.Subtract the pump's output power from its input to find the power lost to friction.

Through such calculations, one can find that the mechanical power used to overcome frictional effects in piping is 2.37 hp.

Do you think the mining process is faster when you know in advance that the land must be restored? Explain.

Answers

Answer: No, the mining process isn't faster when you know in advance that the land must be restored.

Explanation:

The mining process would be slower when mining companies know in advance that the land must be restored because they have to be more careful about their impact on the environment & avoid taking unnecessary damage to ruin the land which they know they must restore.

So, it's evident how this would slow down the mining process. If there were no obligations to restore land, the mining companies would just come at the mining space and run their mining process fast without big concerns for the consequences.

But the caution definitely slows them down.

People often have different points of view. If I think mining process is faster when you know in advance that the land must be restored, My answer is No.

This is because even without miners been aware that the land had to be restored before mining, they still carelessly remove minerals without taking into cognizant the damage it will do to the land.

There are different processes of mining. They include;

UndergroundSurfacePlacer In-situ

The type of mining method used is usually based on the kind of resource that is needed, the deposit's location etc.

Learn more about Mining from

https://brainly.com/question/1278689

Other Questions
An apartment complex has a total of 175 units. Of these, 154 units are occupied. What percent of the apartment are unoccupied? why do organisms take food ACME Corp. managers lack the will and resources to develop international marketing strategies but are happy when their company's products are purchased by a(n) _______, which then sells them internationally. Dendrites are A.the conduction zone of a nerve cell. B.the input zone of a nerve cell. C.a type of glial cell. D.small interneurons. Each pair of polygons is similar. Find the values of x and y Among older adults, hearing loss, and its associated social isolation, predicts the incidence of depression and :A) menopause. B) brain plasticity. C) neurocognitive disorder. D) a death-deferral phenomenon There are some exceptions to the trends of first and successive ionization energies. For each of the following pairs, explain which ionization energy would be higher:(a) IE of Ga or IE of Ge (b) IE of Ga or IE of Ge(c) IE of Ga or IE of Ge (d) IE of Ga or IE of Ge Ronnie, the advertising manager of a leading newspaper, congratulates every member of the space selling team who achieves his or her daily target. This motivates the team members to work harder and collectively contribute to the organizational goal of selling space for advertisements. In this scenario, which of the following management functions is illustrated by Ronnie? A) Organizing B) Planning C) Leading D) Controlling Use the concept thaty = c, [infinity] < x < [infinity],is a constant function if and only ify' = 0to determine whether the given differential equation possesses constant solutions.9xy' + 5y = 10 Ashton has a piece of string that is 520 centimeters long. He cuts the string into 8 equal peices and uses 6 of the pieces for a project. How many centimeters of string does Ashton use for his project? Who killed Mrs. Huffington and why? (P.S. I picked the role of being Charles in my class. Please don't rad me out unless that's the absolute answer!) N2(g) + 3 H2(g) 2 NH3(g) + EnergyFor the reaction of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas to make methane, what stresses would shift the equilibrium to the left toward the reactants? Solve: 6x = -24 and x/7 = 3 When an organization asks a manager to provide his or her support for an employee before that employee would be considered for a promotion through the internal recruiting process, the organization is using ______ in internal recruiting. Roosevelt refers to class five times in the excerpt. What does he mean by class? What numbers are divisible by 2 and 5 but not 3 On a scale drawing the scale is 1/2 inch=1 foot what are the dimensions on the scale drawing for a room that is 22 feet by 17 feet Suppose that the voltage of the battery in the circuit is 3.3 V, the magnitude of the magnetic field (directed perpendicularly into the plane of the screen) is 0.66 T, and the length of the rod between the rails is 0.19 m. Assuming that the rails are very long and have negligible resistance, find the maximum speed attained by the rod after the switch is closed. Which BEST identifies the primary function of the key words above?A)The key words help identify your reading audience,The key words help identify your writing purpose or goal,The key words help determine how much evidence you should cite,D)The key words help determine the most appropriate length for your essay,Submit Inspiration:Know that you will continue to succeed,if all you did today was be on this earth, that is enough, we are proud of you, and without you, the world wouldn't be the same. you were created for a reason, and there is no-one else like you or who can replace you. focus on the future and what is to come:)