Most animals are well adapted to their biotic and abiotic conditions due to behavioural, physiological or structural adaptations that increase their chances of survival and reproduction. I looked it up for you
Action potential propagation in a skeletal muscle fiber ceases when acetylcholine is removed from the synaptic cleft. Which of the following mechanisms ensures a rapid and efficient removal of acetylcholine?a) Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.b) Acetylcholine is transported back into the axon terminal by a reuptake mechanism.c) Acetylcholine is transported into the postsynaptic neuron by receptor-mediated endocytosis.d) Acetylcholine diffuses away from the cleft.
Answer:
a) Acetylcholine is degraded by acetylcholinesterase.
Explanation:
After it binds for its receptor on the plasma membrane of the postsynaptic cell, acetylcholine must be removed in order to prevent repeated stimulation. Acetylcholinesterase is enzyme for the inactivation of acetylcholine, present at all cholinergic synapses. This enzyme hydrolyses acetylcholine and breaks it to the acetate and choline. Choline can be reused for the synthesis of the new acetylcholine molecule so it is taken back into the presynaptic cell.
The rapid and efficient removal of acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft in a skeletal muscle fiber is accomplished by its degradation by acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme breaks down acetylcholine into acetic acid and choline, which is then reabsorbed by the neuron.
Explanation:The mechanism that ensures a rapid and efficient removal of acetylcholine from the synaptic cleft in a skeletal muscle fiber is its degradation by an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase. Once acetylcholine is released into the synaptic cleft, the acetylcholinesterase breaks it down into acetic acid and choline. This halts the action potential propagation by reducing the concentration of acetylcholine, terminating the signal between the nerve and the muscle fiber. The choline is then reabsorbed by the neuron to make more acetylcholine.
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Column C: What is the source of the organism’s energy? What does it eat? (There could be many, but just list one or two.)
cactus
sage brush
annual flowers
ants
beetles
chuckwalla
kangaroo rats
tarantulas
scorpions
common king snake
Gila monster
fox
hawk
turkey vulture
bacteria
Answer:
The answer is light for the plants but they dont eat they make there own energy
Explanation:
Olfactory information is sent to all of the following areas except the __________.
A) they project first to the mamillary bodies and then to the thalamus.
B) the first synapse is in the olfactory bulb.
C) information flows to the olfactory cortex, hypothalamus, and limbic system.
D) they reach the forebrain without first synapsing in the thalamus.
E) they exhibit a considerable amount of convergence.
i believe the answer is B
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What would most likely occur if the penguin population were to dramatically increase in this food web?
The density of phytoplankton would increase as well.
Elephant seals would show increased reproductive success.
The population size of the krill would decrease.
Squid would get preyed upon by cod more frequently.
Answer:more decrease in fish
Explanation:because that penguins source of food most of the time
Answer: The population size of the krill would decrease.
Explanation:
A food chain is a series of distribution of food and energy when one individual is consumed by the other individual organism. A food web is a complex interconnection of multiple food chains.
According to the given food web, the population size of the krill would decrease if the population of the penguin increased dramatically. As Penguin is the tertiary consumer which is dependent upon the population of krill in the food web for food.
The jaguar is a top predator that helps to regulate other populations in the rain-forest.It produces wastes that are broken down to nutrients by decomposers. Microorganisms live in its fur and it may also be home to some parasites.This description describes the jaguar's _________________ .
Final answer:
The description of the jaguar pertains to its ecological roles as a top predator, a contributing factor to nutrient recycling through decomposers, and its support to biodiversity and forest dynamics through habitat provision and seed dispersal.
Explanation:
The jaguar's role in the rainforest ecosystem can be described by addressing various ecological aspects. Jaguars are top predators that regulate populations of other species by hunting and consuming them. This ensures species do not overpopulate and resources are not depleted. As part of the food web, jaguars control prey populations and maintain the balance within their ecosystem.
Jaguars also contribute to nutrient cycling through their waste. Decomposers such as fungi and bacteria break down these organic materials, releasing nutrients back into the soil, which are essential for plant growth and help sustain other organisms in the rainforest. This includes macro and micro elements like nitrogen and phosphorus.
Beyond that, jaguars support biodiversity by providing habitats for various microorganisms in their fur and by acting as hosts for parasites. Lastly, as large mammals, they can affect the forest dynamics through seed dispersal via their droppings, promoting plant diversity and forest regeneration.
Thus, this description details the jaguar's ecological roles in the rainforest, including predator control, nutrient recycling, and habitat provision, as well as seed dispersal, reinforcing their status as a keystone species in their habitat.
Audiometry confirms a client's chronic progressive hearing loss. further investigation reveals ankylosis of the stapes in the oval window, a condition that prevents sound transmission. this type of hearing loss is called:
Answer: conductive hearing loss
Explanation:
Technician A says that vapor has a fixed volume that remains the same when temperature increases. Technician B says that decreasing the temperature on a vapor will increase the pressure. Who is correct? A. Both Technician A and Technician B B. Technician A C. Technician B D. Neither Technician A nor B
Answer:
B. Technician A
Explanation:
Technician A is right while B is wrong.
Reason being:
Vapour has got no fixed shape nor volume, vapour occupies space and conforms to the shape of its container. The volume of vapour changes with increase in the amount of temperature.
On the other hand a decrease in temperature decreases the pressure of the water vapour.
The molecules forming the vapour shall contract thereby leading to a lower pressure.
Answer:
Answer is D
Explanation:
Page 713......
Unlike a solid, a vapor has NO fixed volume.
Increasing the temperature of a vapor, while keeping the volume confined in the same space, Increases the pressure.
You are a wildlife ecologist interested in finding out if Toxoplasma gondii impacts the predator/prey relationship of the Canada lynx and snowshoe hare. If it does, which of the following would be true? You are a wildlife ecologist interested in finding out if Toxoplasma gondii impacts the predator/prey relationship of the Canada lynx and snowshoe hare. If it does, which of the following would be true? The parasite would affect the brain of the lynx. The parasite would not affect the brain of the lynx or the brain of the hare. The parasite would affect the brain of the lynx and the brain of the hare. The parasite would affect the brain of the hare.
Answer:
The parasite would affect the brain of the lynx and the brain of the hare
Explanation:
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that is able to infect pretty much every warm blooded animal on the planet. It is an obligate intracellular parasitic one-celled eukaryote. This parasite manages to cause the infectious disease known as toxoplasmosis which damages the brain. The hare is a warm blooded animal, and it can be infected by this parasite. If the hare is infected and a Canadian lynx kills that particular hare and consumes it, then the lynx will also be infected with the parasite. The parasite will cause damage to the lynx's brain which will result in the dying of that lynx.
Region of the cell body from which the axon originates
Answer:
Axon hillock
Explanation:
Neuron or nerve cell is excitable cell of the nervous system which consists of cell body or soma (karyon), dendrites and an axon. Dendrites are short, numerous filaments responsible for the signal receiving. On the other hand, axon is long ant it originates form the cell body from the swelling called axon hillock. At the end of an axon there are axon terminals from which neuron can transmit a signal another cell.
The axon hillock, a region in the neuron's cell body, is where the axon originates. It is crucial in initiating the action potential, a key part of nerve communication.
Explanation:The region of the cell body from which the axon originates in a neuron is known as the axon hillock. This specialized part of the cell body, or soma, is where the cell's cytoplasm transitions to the axon and is important in the generation of nerve impulses. The axon hillock is responsible for initiating the action potential, a critical component of nerve communication.
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Please help me out with these practice questions.
Thank you!
Answer:
1. B.
2. B.
3. A.
Explanation:
1. So, the mother does not but the father does carry the gene for polydactyly. Which means that, the offspring was born Pp and, the dominant trait (P) was exposed.
2. A heterozygous trait is one that has both allele forms (in this case, d and D. If both of the parents are Dd, the offspring will also be Dd, and therefore, he has 1/2 chance of being born deaf.
3. Both you and your spouse will be heterozygous (Ee), therefore, since unattached earlobes are dominant
3.1 When two heterozygous traits are bred, you will get the following combinations: yy, Yy, Yy and YY. Which means that your offspring had a 1/4 chance of having attached earlobes, and that is what happened.
3.2 The third option is incorrect, because when you breed 2 homozygous recessive (ee) traits, all of your offspring will be homozygous recessive (ee), which means that the parents would have to be homozygous recessive, but, they cannot since the dominant trait has applied to them.
I need help catching up my assignments.
1. There is less oxygen in density currents than in surface currents.
true or false?
2. Which pair of factors would both cause salinity to increase?
A: Freezing of sea water and precipitation
B: Melting sea ice and evaporation
C: Evaporation and freezing water
D: Precipitation and melting sea ice
3. Sinking volcanic islands and developing coral reefs are related to the formation of
A: deep sea trench
B: abyssal hills
C: atolls
D: manganese nodules
Answer:
the correct answer is A hope this helps
The circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers in the highlighted structure perform which function?
Answer:constriction of pupil
Explanation:the circularly arranged smooth muscle fibers in the highlighted structure ie the iris causes constriction of the pupil.
The iris basically has ciliary muscles that control Lens shape ,this happens when the ciliary muscles under the signal of the parasympathetic nervous system contract leading to the constriction of the pupil and when these muscles relax then dilation of the pupil will occur
Scientists use squid nerve cells in research because the nerve cells of a squid are 1,000 times fatter than those of a human. How is the outcome of nerve cell research most likely to be affected if scientists were to study human nerve cells directly?
Answer:
The outcome would be different as the nerve cells in squids are much bigger than those of humans.
Answer:
May get a better understanding or may not be able to explore the nerve cell due to its small size as compared to squid nerve cells/axon
Explanation:
Biologist and scientist are aware of the fact that each and every nerve cell is essential for proper molecular functioning of body. The sodium/potassium pump is essentially important for all the cells and hence it is considered by biologist to take out human nerve cell and conduct research on it. Thus they prefer using squid nerve cell.
Also scientists prefer to use squid axons because they are exceptionally large (with 1 mm width and length of even 1 meter) due to which it is easy to study their counter parts. Their manipulation for research work is also easy and hence all basic researched till date have helped scientist to develop a better understanding electrical signal and henceforth the driven system.
Which of the following characteristics is not attributed to the sympathetic division of the ANS?
A) It originates in the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord
B) It has a long postpanglionic fibers
C) It has a long preganglionic fibers
D) Its glangia are adjacent to the spinal column
E) It has an extensive neural divergence and a relative widespread effect
Answer:
C) It has a long preganglionic fibers
Explanation:
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) is the nervous system that contains nerves and ganglia outside the central nervous system (CNS). PNS is divided into:
somatic (voluntary) nervous system-controls the movements of the skeletal musclesautonomic (involuntary) nervous system-controls the smooth muscles and glands and thus it is the regulator of the major body functions. It is subdivided into tree groups:sympathetic ("fight and flight") system-responsible for stressful and active situations (but also in normal conditions);contains short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers.parasympathetic ("rest and digest") system-opposite to sympathetic, responsible for the maintenance of body's activities at rest.enteric nervous system-controls the function of the gastrointestinal tract.All except which of the following structures belong to the conducting zone of the respiratory tract?a.larynxb.alveolic.epiglottisd.glottis
Answer:
Alveoli
Explanation:
The alveoli is part of the respiratory zone. The conducting zone is the passageway of air from the outside to the lungs. Included in this zone is the nose, mouth and trachea as well.
The respiratory zone includes bronchioles and the alvveoli.
The conducting zone of the respiratory tract includes the larynx, epiglottis, and glottis. The alveoli belong to the respiratory zone, not the conducting zone.
Explanation:The conducting zone of the respiratory tract includes all the structures involved in the passage of air into and out of the lungs. The larynx, epiglottis, and glottis are all part of the conducting zone. The alveoli, on the other hand, are the site of gas exchange and belong to the respiratory zone, not the conducting zone.
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_______ is a macromolecule that holds cell information in a coded form. Made of sugar
Answer:
Nucleic Acids
Explanation:
Nucleic acids are made out of nucleotides and they come in two forms: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) and Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). DNA holds the code of life, in other words, it holds the code for making proteins that are essential in building cells, tissues, and organs. DNA is found in the nucleus of a cell.
In a series of experiments, Avery treated heat-killed nonvirulent S bacteria with enzymes that degraded the proteins, DNA, and RNA of the S bacteria, then mixed this with nonvirulent R bacteria. S cells grew in all cases except the samples with degraded DNA. What did this demonstrate?
A. Protein, DNA, and RNA from the S bacteria are all necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
B. DNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
C. RNA from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
D. Protein from the S bacteria is necessary for bacterial transformation to occur.
Answer:
The correct answer would be option B.
Avery experiment proved that DNA is used as the genetic material in most of the living organisms.
It can be explained with the help of observation that when the S bacteria were treated with DNAase, they could not transfer their DNA to the R bacteria. Consequently, R bacteria did not transform into S bacteria.
In contrast, when these bacteria were treated with protease or RNAase, they could transfer DNA easily due to which R bacteria could easily transformed into S bacteria.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
When heat-killed nonvirulent S bacteria will be treated with enzymes that degraded DNA it will destroy the genetic information required for cell survival. DNA is very essential for an organism and is called the molecule of life. DNA degradation is also a part of cell death called apoptosis. That's why all the samples grew except the one where DNA was enzymatically degraded.
The allele for the ability to roll one's tongue is dominant over the allele for the lack of this ability. in a population of 500 individuals, 25 percent show the recessive phenotype. how many individuals would you expect to be homozygous dominant and heterozygous for this trait
Answer:
25% ; 50%
Explanation:
Assuming the dominant allele for the rolling tongue is P, then the recessive allele will be p.
The population unable to roll their tongue will be recessive dominant pp = 25% = 0.25
To find the frequency of the p allele then = (square root of 0.25) = 0.5
Remember the Hardy Weinberg equation of p + q = 1 & p² +2pq + q² = 1
Therefore P = 1 – 0.5 = 0.5
Homozygous dominant individuals will be P*P = 0.5*0.5 = 0.25 * 100 = 25%
Heterozygous individuals will be 2*P*p= 2*0.5 *0.5 = 0.5 * 100 = 50%
Which of the following mechanisms produces the most ATP during cellular respiration?
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) substrate-level phosphorylation
C) oxidation-reduction reactions
D) oxidation reactions
Answer:
A) oxidative phosphorylation
Explanation:
cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Oxidative phosphorylation is the mechanism in cellular respiration which produces the most ATP. It is the last stage of cellular respiration and can generate up to about 34 ATPs per glucose molecule.
Explanation:During the process of cellular respiration, the mechanism that produces the most ATP is oxidative phosphorylation(A). This process is the final stage of cellular respiration and occurs in the mitochondria. Its main function is to transport electrons from NADH and FADH₂ through the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) to oxygen, which serves as the final electron acceptor. This process results in the formation of water and the generation of a proton gradient, which subsequently powers ATP synthesis. Compared to the other options, substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidation-reduction reactions, and oxidation reactions, oxidative phosphorylation produces significantly more ATP - up to about 34 ATPs per glucose molecule.
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_____________ refers to the process where a plant absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and then stores carbon in its roots.
Photosynthesis is the answer, I'm like 85% sure...
All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer, except A) it contains many blood vessels.B) it permits independent movement of deeper structures.C) it contains large amounts of adipose tissue.D) it is attached to the dermis by a basement membrane. E) it is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin.
The subcutaneous layer contains blood vessels, adipose tissue, and nerves, and allows for the independent movement of deeper structures. It is not attached to the dermis by a basement membrane.
Explanation:All of the following are true of the subcutaneous layer, except statement D. This layer, also known as the hypodermis, does contain many blood vessels (A) and large amounts of adipose tissue (C).
It does permit independent movement of deeper structures (B) and is well supplied with nerves that pass into the skin (E). However, it is not attached to the dermis by a basement membrane (D).
Instead, its connection to the dermis is more complex and involves collagen and elastic fibers.
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What is the correct order of structures as you move from outside a muscle cell
Answer:
This is from the smallest to largest:
myofilament, sarcomere, myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle
Explanation:
A muscle consists of many muscle tissues which are bundled together and surrounded by epimysium. Epimysiuma is tough connective tissue similar to cartilage. The epimysium surrounds bundles of nerve cells that run in long fibers, called fascicles. The above is the order of the structures that are protected.
Structural rna that links an amino acid to an anticodon
It would be the tRNA
More than half a decade after the magnitude 7.0 earthquake that leveled haiti, serious public health and social problems tolerate. these include inadequate housing, political corruption, and the spread of cholera. choose 1 answer: (choice
a.a
Persist should be your answer.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Haiti continues to face challenges following the 2010 earthquake, including public health problems like cholera due to a lack of potable water, and social issues stemming from its vulnerability to natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes.
Explanation:
Haiti Earthquake and its Aftermath
More than half a decade after the magnitude 7.0 earthquake that struck Haiti on January 12, 2010, the country continues to face severe public health and social challenges. The earthquake's epicenter was near the capital, Port-au-Prince, causing widespread destruction including the collapse of the National Palace and the majority of governmental offices, with estimates of over 160,000 fatalities and approximately 1.5 million individuals displaced. In the aftermath, inadequate housing, political corruption, and the spread of diseases like cholera compounded the difficulty of recovery efforts.
Haiti's struggle with public health crises was exacerbated by an outbreak of cholera, ironically introduced by United Nations peacekeepers. The lack of access to potable water is a significant issue, with 35% of the population lacking basic drinking water even before the earthquake occurred. These conditions created a fertile ground for the transmission of disease, perpetuating the cycle of poverty and instability.
The geographic location of Haiti on a tectonic plate boundary not only makes it prone to earthquakes but also exposes it to hurricanes. Significant damage from natural disasters in the past, including Hurricane Matthew in 2016, has repeatedly impacted the country's infrastructure and development efforts, leading to ongoing public health and social problems that are still being addressed today.
In the human body,muscle cells have an increased need for energy during excercise. To help supply this energy the body will immediately increase
Answer:
There are alot of things that will increase.
Explanation:
You could say, heart rate, or breathing. Or just increase in cellular respiration.
It could be : Lactic Acid Fermentation, because your muscle cells produce lactic acid to give you energy during physical activities (when there isn’t enough oxygen in the body). This is a good way to get ATP energy
What organisms carry out nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen fixers are bacteria
What must first occur for transcription to begin? mRNA moves the code from the nucleus to the ribosome for protein production. A gene is expressed through protein production. RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter. A repressor protein must attach to the operator.
Answer:
RNA polymerase attaches to the promoter
Explanation:
Transcription is the process of synthesis of RNA using DNA as template. RNA polymerase enzyme binds to promoter region of the gene and starts making RNA strands that has complementary nucleotide sequence to DNA template strand. The process stops as the enzyme RNA polymerase encounter terminator sequence of gene.
The first step for transcription to begin is initiation, where the RNA polymerase enzyme attaches to the promoter on the DNA molecule. This process triggers the start of transcription and allows for the synthesis of the mRNA transcript.
Explanation:Transcription in biology begins with the process called initiation. During initiation, a specific region on the DNA molecule, known as a promoter, triggers the start of transcription. The RNA polymerase enzyme attaches to the promoter and begins reading the DNA template, synthesizing the mRNA transcript in a 5' to 3' direction.
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Turning off these genes ca cause less mature cells to divide too rapidly.What could this lead to the development of
Answer:human body
Explanation:
_________________________________ is the process that explains this survival and shows how species can change over time.
Answer:
Natural selection/ Darwinism
Explanation:
Natural selection is the theory that in a species, those that survive will pass on the better traits, thus evolving the species or changing them.
Dna polymerase fails to recognize that an incorrect nucleotide has been incorporated, resulting in a mismatch. which repair pathway will correct this mistake?
Answer:mismatch repair
Explanation:proof reading is a process through which the mistakes that were made during the process of replication of DNA are corrected and if they are corrected after replication of DNA the process is called mismatch repair .
DNA Mismatch repair also called as MMR is a system for recognizing and repairing the DNA for unwanted insertion, deletion, and mis-incorporation of bases that can arise during DNA replication and recombination, as well as repairing some forms of DNA damage.
The repair pathway that corrects mismatches caused by the failure of DNA polymerase to recognize an incorrect nucleotide is known as mismatch repair. Specific enzymes identify and correct the errors to maintain genetic stability.
Explanation:When DNA polymerase fails to recognize an incorrect nucleotide resulting in a mismatch, the repair pathway that corrects this mistake is known as mismatch repair. This process involves specific repair enzymes that scan the newly synthesized DNA for errors. In bacteria like E. coli, the parental DNA strand is distinguished from the newly synthesized one by methyl groups, allowing the repair enzymes to identify and correct errors on the non-methylated strand. In eukaryotes, the exact mechanism of mismatch recognition is not well understood, though it may involve identifying unsealed nicks in the new strand and association with replication proteins.
If errors are not corrected by mismatch repair, it can lead to more permanent damage when the DNA is replicated again. This system serves to greatly reduce the error rate of DNA replication, improving genetic fidelity and thereby contributing to maintaining the stability of the organism's genome.