11. A red and a white snapdragon are crossed, and their offspring is pink. This is an example of

A. Mendel's law of independent assortment.
B. Mendel's law of dominance.
C. incomplete dominance.
D. codominance

12. ( Figure is the first picture: Refer to the figure showing a pedigree of a family affected by a sex-linked recessive disorder. If a female is a carrier for a sex-linked recessive disorder, is it possible for her sons to be unaffected by the disorder? Choose the best answer and explanation.

A. Yes, this is possible. Males receive an X chromosome from their mother. If their mother is a carrier, a male has a 50 percent chance of being affected by the disease and a 50 percent chance of being unaffected.
B. No, this isn't possible. If a mother is a carrier of an X-linked recessive disorder, her sons will be affected by the disease and her daughters will be carriers of the disease.
C. No, this isn't possible. X-linked recessive disorders can't "skip" generations like other genetic disorders.
D. Yes, this is possible. Males receive an X chromosome from their mother. If their mother is a carrier, the mutated X chromosome won't be passed on to sons and so they'll be unaffected.

13. What are the two main phases of the cell cycle?

A. Prophase and anaphase
B. Replication phase and recombination phase
C. Multiplication phase and division phase
D. Interphase and mitosis

14. What were the goals of the Human Genome Project?

A. The goals of the Human Genome Project were to sequence DNA from 50 different species, including humans, and to understand the gene that causes cancer.
B. The goals of the Human Genome Project were to sequence human DNA and to identify all genes present in human DNA.
C. The goals of the Human Genome Project were to sequence human DNA and to understand how it's damaged by exposure to toxins.
D. The goals of the Human Genome Project were to sequence human DNA and to identify the differences between human and chimpanzee DNA.

15. The rearrangement of genetic information so that offspring can inherit new genetic combinations is called

A. recombination.
B. gene editing.
C. replication.
D. gene expression.

16. The central dogma of molecular biology is that DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then _______ to protein.

A. transferred
B. translated
C. transduced
D. transformed

17. A three-letter sequence of mRNA that encodes for a specific amino acid is called a/an _______. A series of these links specific amino acids together to form a polypeptide.

A. encryption
B. codon
C. gene
D. DNA

18. Refer to the partially completed Punnett square. Purple flowers (P) are dominant to white flowers (w). What do you predict about the flower color of the offspring resulting from this cross?

A. About 25 percent of the offspring will have white flowers, and about 75 percent of the offspring will have purple flowers.
B. All of the offspring will have purple flowers.
C. About half of the offspring will have purple flowers, and about half of the offspring will have white flowers.
D. About 75 percent of the offspring will have purple flowers, and about 25 percent of the offspring will have white flowers.

19. Cells can interact with other cells

A. that are nearby or within the same tissue.
B. nearby or throughout the body, depending on the type of cell-cell interaction.
C. during specific stages of the cell cycle.
D. that originated from the same stem cells.

20. (SHOWN IN firstPICTURE) Refer to the figure showing a pedigree of a family affected by an X-linked recessive disorder. A female in generation 3 isn't a carrier of the disorder. How can this be?

A. Females receive X chromosomes from their fathers only, which are unaffected in this case.
B. Females don't have X chromosomes so aren't affected by gene disorders passed on the X chromosome.
C. Females receive an X chromosome from each parent. If a mother is a carrier of an X-linked recessive disorder, her daughters have a 50 percent chance of receiving her normal X chromosome and a 50 percent chance of receiving her mutated X chromosome.
D. Females receive an X chromosome from each parent, but in cases of recessive disorders, the mutated chromosome isn't passed on to daughters.

Pangaea started to break apart.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

OPTION B. The main function of light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis is to capture and convert light energy into chemical energy (ATP and NADPH), which will then be used to build sugars in the light-independent reactions.

The function of the light-dependent reactions, which occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts in plants, is to capture and transfer energy into a usable form. During these reactions, light energy is converted into chemical energy, specifically ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate). ATP and NADPH are then used in the light-independent reactions (the Calvin cycle) to build sugars.

The other options presented are not primarily functions of the light-dependent reactions. They do not directly form water molecules or release carbon dioxide yet contribute indirectly by capturing energy used in other processes that could involve these functions.

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Answer:

Ovulation is the release of an egg, or ovum, which may then be fertilized by a sperm cell or dissolved during menstruation. The ovulation process is defined by a period of elevated hormones during the menstrual cycle. ... This is the period of fertility and usually lasts from 24 to 48 hours.

Explanation:

All DNA of creatures is made from the same materials, and is largely the same. (Humans are less than 5% different than primates genetically)

Studying DNA of different species reveals that all life on Earth shares a common ancestor, due to universal genetic similarities. Genomics has enabled the construction of the 'tree of life' illustrating these relations. Molecular evidence, such as genome comparisons, helps us understand the evolutionary connections among diverse organisms.

Studying the DNA of different organisms provides evidence that all life on Earth is related because all extant life shares a common ancestor. This is visible in the fundamental similarities at the molecular level, such as the universal genetic code, the use of DNA to store genetic information, and the usage of similar molecular building blocks. Genomics and genetics have made it possible to construct the 'tree of life', a diagram illustrating the relationships among organisms by examining nucleic acid sequences that they have in common. This shows the deep connections across all living organisms, from the molecular level to larger structures and functions.

The genomes of various organisms show that they share a high degree of similarity in DNA sequences which code for proteins and other molecules. Through detailed analyses of these genetic codes, scientists have been able to determine homologies that imply a common ancestor. As evolution progressed, the genetic code established early in Earth's history evolved into the diverse life forms observed today. Additionally, molecular evidence of evolution, such as the comparison of genomes, sheds light on how evolution occurs and the relationships among species.

Final answer:

Physiology is the term that refers to the functions of an organism, encompassing the normal functions of organ systems and their contribution to homeostasis and organismal level function.

Explanation:

The term that completes the sentence '*blank* refers to the functions of an organism' is physiology. Physiology is a branch of biology that deals with the normal functions of living organisms and their parts. It includes the study of how organ systems work and the processes they carry out to maintain life, such as nutrient transport, blood flow, and overall homeostasis. The various organ systems within an organism's body, including the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and more, all contribute to its physiology. Furthermore, understanding organismal level functions is crucial for grasping how multiple organ systems work together to maintain a stable internal environment conducive to life.

The blastula (from Greek βλαστός (blastos), meaning "sprout") is a hollow sphere of cells, referred to as blastomeres, surrounding an inner fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoele formed during an early stage of embryonic development in animals.

Answer:

An early stage of embryonic development having a hollow mass of cells.

Explanation:

During embryonic development, blastula represents a development stage, characterized by a hollow mass of cells. These cells are known as blastomeres. Inside the ball of cells, a fluid-filled cavity is present, known as segmentation cavity or blastocoel.

In mammals, blastula is called as blastocyst, including humans.

Xylem moves water from roots to the leaves, and phloem moves food from the leaves to the rest of the plant. During transpiration water evaporates from the leaves and draws water from the roots.

Hope this helps , Danielle xo

]Phloem and xylem are the plant's long-distance transport tissues. Phloem transports water and photosynthetic products from source tissues to sink areas for use or storage.

In vascular plants, the living tissue known as phloem carries photosynthates, or soluble organic molecules produced during photosynthesis, to the rest of the plant, particularly the sugar sucrose. Translocation is the term for this movement procedure.

One of the two tissues, together with xylem, that make up the plant's long-distance transportation system is phloem. Water and photosynthetic byproducts are transported by phloem from source tissues to sink areas where they are used or stored.

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The awnser is B carbon

Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water

Archaea and bacteria are placed in different domains due to their distinct evolutionary histories and structural differences, specifically the composition of their cell walls and membranes.

The two main reasons why archaea and bacteria belong to different domains are their distinct evolutionary histories and structural differences. Archaea and bacteria are both unicellular prokaryotic organisms, but they evolved separately from each other and hence have different genetic makeup and metabolic pathways.

Structurally, the most notable difference is the composition of their cell walls and membranes. Bacteria usually have a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan, while archaea have cell walls made of a similar substance called pseudo peptidoglycan or other polymers. Additionally, they incorporate different lipid molecules into their cell membranes. These distinctions place these organisms into the separate domains of Bacteria and Archaea.

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B. To protect ownership of a new technology

Answer:

B. To protect ownership of a new technology i think

hope this helps if i'm right please make my answer the brainliest

Answer:

When an animal uses two kinds of signals together to obtain a response,  there is a communication Cycle.

Explanation:

Communication is the process in which one organism transmit the information to another organism (receiver) causing any kind of change in behavior of receiver. Usually communication is done between two organisms of same species however there are special type of communication that can be done between different species.

Animals uses different sources of communication called signals for example,  

Visual signals

Auditory signals

chemical signals

Tactile signals

When an animals uses two types of signals to get the responce it is called a communication cycle.

Answer:

Chloroplast

Explanation:

chloroplasts is the answer:)

Answer:

Your heart changes its rate depending on the activity, so that it can carry blood to your muscles, and therefore it needs to beat stronger if you are performing some exercise, or not so strong if you are sleeping, for example.

Explanation:

Your heart is continuously beating to keep blood circulating throughout your body.

So, here it is why your heart changes its rate: Its rate changes depending on your activity level; it is lower while you are asleep and at rest and higher while you exercise to supply your muscles with enough freshly oxygenated blood to keep the functioning at a high level.

And how: depending on your activity level, your heart has to pump enough blood to your muscles. Blood carries needed oxygen and other nutrients. Muscles need more blood sugar than any other tissue especially when working hard. To supply your muscles with oxygen your heart needs to beat faster, and this builds up your heart muscles.

Final answer:

The heart rate changes due to the autonomic nervous system's regulatory signals, based on the body's oxygen needs. The SA node controls these changes to ensure adequate blood circulation. External factors and the body's physical state directly influence the heart's operating rhythm.

Explanation:

The heart rate changes in response to the body's need for oxygen. During physical activities or stressful situations, the autonomic nervous system signals the heart to beat faster through the Sinoatrial Node (SA node), also known as the heart's pacemaker. This mechanism ensures that more oxygen-rich blood is circulated throughout the body to meet the increased demand.

Conversely, when the body is at rest or calm, the heart rate slows down, reducing the need for oxygenated blood. Factors such as physical fitness levels, emotional state, and even body position can influence heart rate. For instance, shifting from lying down to standing can cause a temporary increase in heart rate to maintain blood pressure and ensure adequate blood flow.

The heart, located within the circulatory system, is the central pump that drives blood through a network of arteries and veins, delivering nutrients and oxygen while removing waste products. It operates through rhythmic contractions controlled by intrinsic electrical impulses, regulated by the brain and hormones, illustrating the interconnectedness of the circulatory and nervous systems.

Answer:

Organs are made up of tissue.

Explanation:

Answer:

Organs are made up of tissue.

All traits are not inherited. A learned behavior is a skill that an animal develops after it is born. Genes do not control learned behaviors. Learned behaviors are not passed from parents to their offspring. They are inherited traits.

There are numerous subcategories of learning. Here, we'll examine the many learning processes that the human brain's various systems regulate.

Reflexive or reflecting systems can regulate learned behavior. Cognitive learning and habitual learning are two different types of learning behaviors produced by these systems.

Acquiring explicit information is a component of conscious learning. The learner is aware that they are taking in and integrating new knowledge. Conscious learning involves paying attention to a lecture and taking in new knowledge.

Therefore, All traits are not inherited. A learned behavior is a skill that an animal develops after it is born. Genes do not control learned behaviors. Learned behaviors are not passed from parents to their offspring. They are inherited traits.

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Final answer:

Learned behaviors are not inherited traits and are not passed from parents to their offspring. These behaviors are developed after birth, influenced by environmental factors and previous experiences, highlighting the adaptive nature of organisms.

Explanation:

The question asks whether learned behaviors are inherited traits, with the correct answer being that learned behaviors are not passed from parents to their offspring and are not inherited traits. Instead, learned behaviors are skills and responses that animals develop after birth, influenced by environmental changes and previous experiences.

This distinction is crucial in understanding the adaptive capabilities of organisms in response to their surroundings. Learned behaviors include imprinting, habituation, conditioning, and cognitive learning, enabling organisms to adapt to environmental changes. Unlike innate behaviors, which are instinctual and genetically programmed, learned behaviors can be modified and are not fixed.

Answer:

bacteriophages are very good at injecting foregin DNA into bacteria Genetic Engineers use them to introduce DNA of interest to humans in bacteria

Explanation:

The characteristic feature of the virus to infect the living organism makes it useful for genetic research.

Explanation:

Certain viruses are regularly utilized as vectors in genetic research since they can convey the new quality by infecting the cell. They are modified genetically to make them as vector in such a manner that the virus acts only as the vector and doesn’t cause any disease to the living cell. As vector virus injects their hereditary material with new gene into a chromosome in the human cell and starts to replicate.

A scientific claim is a claim made by scientists but doesn't really answer a question.

Answer: (D [I think]) Placing half filled one gallon jugs of water out on the lawn prevents moles from occupying the space underground

Explanation:

Let’s face it y’all just wanna pass a unit test or a quiz

Most notably, kidneys remove dangerous toxins and excess water from your blood and eliminate them through your urine. Kidneys also perform other amazing physiological feats, from regulating the amount of fluid in your body to controlling the salt content of that fluid. Here are three more amazing kidney functions.

1. Regulation of extracellular fluid volume. The kidneys work to ensure an adequate quantity of plasma to keep blood flowing to vital organs.

2. Regulation of osmolarity. The kidneys help keep extracellular fluid from becoming too dilute or concentrated with respect to the solutes carried in the fluid.

3. Regulation of ion concentrations. The kidneys are responsible for maintaining relatively constant levels of key ions including sodium, potassium and calcium.

Answer:

Cougar and cheetah

Explanation:

The cougar and the cheetah are a nice example of genetic drift and speciation. These two felids have a common ancestor that lived in North America. As the environment was changing, some individuals of the species started to occupy the forests, especially in the mountainous regions, while other individuals moved into the open grasslands where there was an open niche in the food chain. The cougar emerged from the ones that lived in the mountainous forests, remaining typically cat like, with lot of muscle tone, relatively short legs, and being an ambush predator. The cheetah emerged from the ones that started living in the grasslands. Unlike their cousins, these individuals experienced lot of changes, developing long legs, larger heart and lung capacity, losing their retractable claws, and becoming sprinters. As the conditions changed, the cheetah migrated, eventually reaching Eurasia and Africa, while the cougar spread across most of North America and South America.

Answer:

5'- UCA UUG CCG UCU GAA GAG GUG UCC UCA GUC CAC GUG GUA -3'

Explanation:

As we know there are four nitrogenous bases  in DNA double helix, they are divided into two categories Purines and Pyrimidines.  

Purines:

Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)

Pyrimidines:

Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)

Note: In case of RNA Thymine will be replaced with Uracil (U)

During Transcription, A DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). As a first step the double helix molecule of DNA will unwind and one of the strands will be used as template. RNA polymerase moves along the template strand and synthesize mRNA.  

The complementary mRNA sequence to the given DNA sequence would be 5'- UCA UUG CCG UCU GAA GAG GUG UCC UCA GUC CAC GUG GUA -3'. This mRNA sequence is then decoded during the process of translation into a polypeptide chain with a specific sequence of amino acids.

The DNA sequence provided is a template strand from which the complementary mRNA sequence is transcribed. The transcription process follows the principle of base pairing but uses uracil (U) in RNA instead of thymine (T) in DNA. Thereby, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C) in the mRNA sequence.

So, the complementary mRNA sequence to the provided DNA sequence 5'- AGT AAC GGC AGA CTT CTC CAC AGG AGT CAG GTG CAC CAT -3' would be: 5'- UCA UUG CCG UCU GAA GAG GUG UCC UCA GUC CAC GUG GUA -3'.

This mRNA sequence then goes through a process called translation where it is decoded into a polypeptide chain (a protein) with a specific sequence of amino acids. The three-nucleotide sequences also known as codons in mRNA each correspond to a specific amino acid in the peptide chain.

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Answer:

The frequency of the incoming light wave is at or near the energy levels of the electrons in the matter. The electrons will absorb the energy of the light wave and change their energy state.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Absorbed light energy is typically converted into heat or another form of energy by the object absorbing it. Objects appear colored due to the reflection of certain wavelengths, while those absorbed contribute to energy transformation within the object.

Explanation:

What Happens to Absorbed Light Energy

When a light wave is absorbed by an object, the absorbed light energy is converted into other forms of energy, typically heat. This transformation is a result of light interacting with matter. For instance, pigment molecules in plants absorb visible light for photosynthesis, while materials like glow-in-the-dark plastics can absorb light energy and later re-emit it as phosphorescence. The energy from light that's absorbed can also contribute to an object's temperature increase.

Moreover, the absorption of light depends on the wavelengths of light and the material it interacts with. Objects appear colored because they reflect certain wavelengths while absorbing others. For example, a red apple appears red because it reflects red wavelengths and absorbs others.

Answer:

1. There are three type of population distribution namely uniform, random and clumped.

a) Uniform  distribution also know as a rectangular dispersal or distribution that has constant probability.  This is also a family of symmetric probability distributions.

b) Random distribution takes place where individuals are spaced at unpredictable spaces or distances from each other.

c) Clumped distribution is when individuals in a population are clustered together, making some patches with other organism or individuals.

Explanation:

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Answer :The correct order of the thunderstorm life cycle, from its beginning to its end is Development, maturity, dissipation- B.

Answer:

Both psudopodes and flagella are used for movement, but only psudopodes are used to engulf food.

Both pseudopods and flagella are used for movement. Pseudopods are temporary and used to engulf food, while flagella are hair-like structures used for locomotion in dinoflagellates.

The question pertains to the comparison of pseudopods in sarcodina and flagella in dinoflagellates. The correct answer to the question is that both pseudopods and flagella are used for movement, but only pseudopods are used to engulf food. Pseudopods are temporary, foot-like extensions of the cytoplasm enabling sarcodina to move and capture prey. Conversely, flagella are long, hair-like structures that allow dinoflagellates to move through their aquatic environments. While flagella contribute to the locomotion of dinoflagellates, they are not involved in engulfing food.

Answer:

Given that part of the definition of a geographical divide is that it's elevated above that which it's dividing, I'm going to say D.

Hope this helps!

Answer: The answer is D

Explanation:

The high ground separating two drainage basins

Geology is the study of solid Earth. Geologists study how rocks and minerals form.

Examples: The way mountains rise, or the way mountains erode.

Answer:

geology

Explanation:

Geology is the study of the solid Earth. Geologists study how rocks and minerals form. The way mountains rise up is part of geology. The way mountains erode away is another part

The answer is D. ding ding ding

Answer:

A

Explanation:

Reproductive Potential is the relative capacity of a species to reproduce itself under optimum conditions. Being able to produce more offspring at a time will increase the potential offspring capacity. Hope this helps!

Answer:

The correct answer is - gametes or sex cells.

Explanation:

Gametes are the sec cells that are produced by the gonad or reproductive gland or organs. Female gametes are called egg cells where as male gametes are known as sperm.

These gametes fuse to produce offspring of an individual. The process of fusing sex cells or gametes called fertlization.

Thus, the correct answer is - gametes or sex cells.

They are correctly referred to as Gametes

Gametes are reproductive cells formed during sexual reproduction towards producing a new organism which is termed zygote. Gametes in males and females bodies are different.

However, the Male gamete is called sperm, and the female gamete is called egg or ovum. Usually, the male gamete is smaller than the female gamete. It also usually mobile. The male gamete has a long tail known as flagellum, which allows it to move towards the female gamete. On the other hand, the female gamete is always larger than the sperm and is not mobile unlike the male gametes.

Gametes can also be defined as identified sex cells which contain half the number of chromosomes of the parent. Fertilization takes place when a sperm and an egg connect, forming a single cell which is termed “zygote.” The zygote increases into an individual or more.  

However, Humans have forty-six (46) chromosomes resulting from a twenty-three (23) pairs.

Formation

Gametes are formed by a process in which cells are divided into more parts called Meiosis. The division process results into four daughter cells which are called haploid. A set of chromosomes is usually located in Haploid Cells.  

Fertilization is the connection of the male and female gametes which leads to zygote formation.

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The exosphere is the least dense layer of Earth's atmosphere because it is the farthest away from Earth and has the least amount of air molecules.

The exosphere is the least dense layer of Earth's atmosphere.

Here's why:

The atmosphere is made up of five layers: the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

As you move away from Earth's surface, the density of the atmosphere decreases. This is because gravity pulls the atmosphere towards Earth, so the closer you are to Earth, the more molecules there are to be pulled in.

The exosphere is the outermost layer of the atmosphere, and it is so thin that it is barely considered part of the atmosphere at all. The density of the exosphere is about 100,000 times less than the density of the air at sea level.

Because of its low density, the exosphere is very cold and has very little air pressure. In fact, the exosphere is so thin that satellites can orbit Earth within it without encountering much air resistance.

The question has eliminated one option exosphere that is only the correct answer.

Answer:

1. She woke up early

2. The sun would've not got to her nose.

3.  ( I dont understand this one. Also, Be posive on this! your homework is just as important as your video game! *This was super easy and you should be able to Read And get it correct. Hope this helps! <3)