Write the reaction and the corresponding Kb equilibrium expression for each of the following substances (acting as a base in water). (Type your answer using the format H3PO4 for H3PO4, (NH4)2CO3 for (NH4)2CO3, [NH4]+ for NH4+, and [Ni(CN)4]2- for Ni(CN)42-. Use the lowest possible coefficients.)

(a) NH3
(b) CN -
(c) pyridine, C5H5N
(d) aniline, C6H5NH2

Answer:

m = 39834.3 g

Explanation:

Given data:

Mass of water raised = ?

Initial temperature = 25°C

Final temperature = 37°C

Energy added = 2000 Kj (2000 ×1000= 2000,000 j

Solution:

Formula:

Q = m.c. ΔT

Q = amount of heat absorbed or released

m = mass of given substance

c = specific heat capacity of substance

ΔT = change in temperature

ΔT = T2 - T1

ΔT =  37°C - 25°C

ΔT = 12°C

c = 4.184 g/j.°C

Q = m.c. ΔT

2000,000j = m .4.184 g/j.°C. 12°C

2000,000j = m. 50.208 g/j

m =  2000,000j / 50.208 g/j

m = 39834.3 g

Answer:

Proteins folded into pleated sheets or twisted into a helix(spiral) are considered to be _secondary_ structure proteins.

Explanation:

The secondary structure is characterized by the sequence of hydrogen connections in the peptide backbone among both amino hydrogen and carboxylic oxygen atoms. The secondary structure components usually form randomly as an intermediate until the protein pleats into its 3D tertiary framework.

Final answer:

Proteins with regions folded into pleated sheets or helices are considered to have a secondary structure, specifically in the forms of α-helices and β-pleated sheets, which are stabilized by hydrogen bonding and provide stability to the protein's conformation.

Explanation:

Proteins folded into pleated sheets or twisted into a helix (spiral) are considered to be secondary structure proteins. One common type of secondary structure is the α-helix, where the polypeptide chain forms a coiled spring-like structure stabilized by hydrogen bonds within the backbone of the chain. Another prevalent structure is the β-pleated sheet conformation, which is a flat, sheet-like formation where two or more polypeptide chains (or portions of the same chain) lie side by side, bonded together by hydrogen bonds. Such β-pleated sheets can be arranged in parallel or antiparallel configurations. These hydrogen bonds form between the oxygen atom in the carbonyl group of one amino acid and the hydrogen atom of another amino acid, which is typically four amino acids further along the chain. Both α-helices and β-pleated sheets are crucial for providing the protein with stability and are considered key elements of a protein's secondary structure.

Answer:

ΔH = + 116 kJ

Explanation:

The equation for the reaction is given as;

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)                    ΔH = - 58 kJ

If we multiply the above equation all through with (2); we have:

2 × (HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)             ΔH = - 58 kJ)

2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)  → 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l)          ΔH = - 116 kJ

If we tend to reverse the above equation; we have

2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l)  →  2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)         ΔH = + 116 kJ

∴ The reaction is said to be endothermin , as 116 kJ are absorbed.

The enthalpy change for the given reaction can be used to determine the enthalpy change for a related reaction by using the additive property.

The enthalpy change (ΔH) for a chemical reaction is a measure of the heat energy transferred during the reaction. In this case, the enthalpy change for the given reaction is -58 kJ. To find the enthalpy change for the reaction 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2HCl(aq) + 2NaOH(aq), we can use the fact that the enthalpy change is additive. Since the reaction is being doubled, the enthalpy change will also be doubled. Therefore, the enthalpy change for this reaction would be -116 kJ.

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Answer:

13%

Explanation:

%error = (Experimental Value - Accepted Value) / Accepted Value * (100)

Exp = 6.9

Acc = 6.11

Answer:15%

Explanation:

Refer to table S and T for the accepted value of Vanadiums density (6.0 g/cm^3) and the formula for calculating percent error

Critical Point

I took the test

Answer: ionization

Explanation:

is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron of an isolated neutral gaseous atom or molecule

Ionic bonding is the process of an atom giving up or gaining one or more electrons through its interactions with other atoms. It involves the transfer of electrons between atoms to form ions and create an ionic bond.

Ionic bonding is the process of an atom giving up or gaining one or more electrons through its interactions with other atoms.

During this process, atoms with fewer electrons in their outermost energy level, known as valence electrons, tend to give up those electrons and become positively charged ions. Atoms with more valence electrons tend to gain electrons and become negatively charged ions. This transfer of electrons creates an electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions, resulting in the formation of an ionic bond.

For example, in the compound sodium chloride (NaCl), sodium loses one electron to become a positively charged ion (Na+) and chlorine gains that electron to become a negatively charged ion (Cl-). The positively charged sodium ion and the negatively charged chloride ion are then attracted to each other, forming an ionic bond.

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Answer:

1. The reactants are HCl and Na2S

2. The products are H2S and NaCl

3. The balance equation is given below:

2HCl + Na2S —> H2S + 2NaCl

A practice that will not help you make an accurate volume reading is a. Make sure that the meniscus starts exactly at 0.00 mL.

When reading a burette at the beginning of a titration, you do not need the meniscus to start exactly at 0.00ml.

All you need is:

In conclusion, the meniscus starting at 0.00 ml is irrelevant and will not contribute much to an accurate reading.

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Options for this question include:

a. Make sure that the meniscus starts exactly at 0.00 mL.

b. Make sure the meniscus falls within the marked range on the burette.

c. Read the volume with the meniscus at eye level.

d. Read the volume at the bottom of the meniscus.

Answer: True

Explanation:

Hydrogen bonds are special type of dipole dipole forces which are formed when hydrogen atom bonds with an electronegative element.

This important property of hydrogen bond occurs in polar molecules such as water which contains partial negative charges at one region of a molecule and also a partial positive charge elsewhere in the molecule.

Hydrogen bonds are weak and easily broken but when many hydrogen bonds are present, they are very strong.

Hydrogen bond is present in macromolecules such as DNA which holds the strands together.

Hydrogen bonds can bind atoms together to form molecules and hold different parts of a large molecule in a specific shape.

False

False

Hydrogen bonds can actually be quite strong and are able to bind atoms together to form molecules. They are responsible for holding different parts of a single large molecule in a specific three-dimensional shape, which is important for the molecule's function. For example, in the structure of DNA, hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs hold the two strands together.

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Answer:

7.21 grams is the mass of methane

Explanation:

We may use the Ideal Gases Equation to solve this:

P. V = n. R. T

Let's determine the moles of Ar

18 g . 1 mol/ 39.9 g = 0.451 mol

In both situations, volume, temperature and pressure are the same so the moles of methane will also be the same as Argon's.

Let's convert the moles to mass of CH4.

0.451 mol . 16g/1mol = 7.21 grams

Final answer:

To determine how many grams of methane would occupy 750 ml at the same temperature and pressure as 18 g of argon, calculate the moles of argon and equate it to the moles of methane needed. The mass of methane is found using its molar mass, resulting in 7.2 g.

Explanation:

The question asks about the mass of methane that would occupy the same volume under the same conditions as a given mass of argon. To solve this, we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which is PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, T is the temperature, R is the gas constant, and n is the number of moles. Since temperature and pressure are constant, and assuming ideal conditions, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of moles. The molar mass of argon (Ar) is approximately 40 g/mol, and the molar mass of methane (CH4) is approximately 16 g/mol.

Given 18 g of Ar, we first find the number of moles of Ar: moles of Ar = 18 g / (40 g/mol) = 0.45 moles. Assuming the same number of moles are required for methane to occupy the same volume at the same conditions, we can calculate the mass of CH4 required: mass of CH4 = 0.45 moles * (16 g/mol) = 7.2 g.

Therefore, 7.2 g of methane would occupy 750 ml at the same temperature and pressure as 18 g of argon.

Answer:

option a

Explanation:

Lineweaver–Burk plot also known as double displacement plot is used for the study of enzyme kinetics.  

It is reciprocal of Michaelis-Menten equation. The Michaelis-Menten equation for enzyme catalysis is as follows:

[tex]V=\frac{V_{max} [S]}{K_m+[S]}[/tex]

Take the reciprocal

[tex]\frac{1}{V} =\frac{K_m+[S]}{V_{max}[S]} =\frac{K_m}{V_{max}} \frac{1}{[S]} +\frac{1}{V_{max}}[/tex]

The plot or graph between 1/V and 1/[S] is called Lineweaver–Burk plot.

Slope of the plot is [tex]\frac{K_m}{V_{max}}[/tex].  

Intercept of y-axis is .

Intercept of x-axis is [tex]-\frac{1}{K_m}[/tex]

Therefore, by taking the reciprocal of intercept of x-axis and multiplying by -1, Km value can be determined.

Therefore, the correct option is a.

To determine Km from a Lineweaver-Burk plot, multiply the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept by -1.

To determine the Michaelis constant (Km) from a double-reciprocal plot or Lineweaver-Burk plot, you need to focus on the x-axis intercept. According to the Lineweaver-Burk equation:

1/V0 = (Km/Vmax)(1/[S]) + (1/Vmax)

Where V0 is the initial velocity, Vmax is the maximum velocity, [S] is the substrate concentration, and Km is the Michaelis-Menten constant.

To find Km, you should take the reciprocal of the x-axis intercept and multiply it by -1. This is because the x-axis intercept represents -1/Km in the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Therefore, the correct answer is:

Answer:

They experience the same pressure

Explanation:

To answer this question, we recall Pascal's, Law Pascal's law states that  an increase in pressure at a point in a confined cylinder containing a fluid, there is also an equal increase at all other points in that cylinder.

According to Pascal's law the pressure if the pressure expereienced by the larger diameter piston increases, the pressure experienced by the smaller diameter piston also increases by the same amount

However considering that pressure = Force/area F1/A1 =F2/A2

thus where A1 = πD²÷4 and A2 = πD²÷ 16 we have

we have F1×4/πD² = F2×16/πD² or F1 = 4× F2

They experience the same pressure but the larger cylinder delivers four times the force transmitted from he outside to the smaller cylinder

Answer:

B

Explanation:

got it right on A P E X

This is an incomplete question, here is a complete question.

Ethanol has a heat of vaporization of 38.56 kJ/mol and a normal boiling point of 78.4 °C. What is the vapor pressure of ethanol at 14 °C?

Answer : The vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] is [tex]5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]

Explanation :

The Clausius- Clapeyron equation is :

[tex]\ln (\frac{P_2}{P_1})=\frac{\Delta H_{vap}}{R}\times (\frac{1}{T_1}-\frac{1}{T_2})[/tex]

where,

[tex]P_1[/tex] = vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] = ?

[tex]P_2[/tex] = vapor pressure of ethanol at normal boiling point = 1 atm

[tex]T_1[/tex] = temperature of ethanol = [tex]14.0^oC=273+14.0=287K[/tex]

[tex]T_2[/tex] = normal boiling point of ethanol = [tex]78.4^oC=273+78.4=351.4K[/tex]

[tex]\Delta H_{vap}[/tex] = heat of vaporization = 38.56 kJ/mole = 38560 J/mole

R = universal constant = 8.314 J/K.mole

Now put all the given values in the above formula, we get:

[tex]\ln (\frac{1atm}{P_1})=\frac{38560J/mole}{8.314J/K.mole}\times (\frac{1}{287K}-\frac{1}{351.4K})[/tex]

[tex]P_1=5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]

Hence, the vapor pressure of ethanol at [tex]14.0^oC[/tex] is [tex]5.174\times 10^{-2}atm[/tex]

Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and the given values, the vapor pressure of ethanol at 19 °C is approximately 6.94 kPa.

To determine the vapor pressure of ethanol at 19 °C, we can use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, which relates the temperature and pressure of a substance.

Clausius-Clapeyron equation: [tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{P_1}\right) = -\frac{\Delta H_{\text{vap}}}{R} \times \left(\frac{1}{T_2} - \frac{1}{T_1}\right) \][/tex]

Where:

We can rearrange and solve for P₂:

[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times \left(\frac{1}{292.15} - \frac{1}{351.55}\right) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times (0.003423 - 0.002845) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -\frac{38,560}{8.314} \times 0.000578 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \ln\left(\frac{P_2}{101.3}\right) = -2.679 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \frac{P_2}{101.3} = e^{-2.679} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \frac{P_2}{101.3} = 0.0685 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ P_2 = 0.0685 \times 101.3 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ P_2 \approx 6.94 \text{ kPa} \][/tex]

Answer:

¹⁵₇N

Explanation:

Nitrogen

Element Symbol - N

Atomic Number (No of protons) = 7

Neutrons = 8

Mass Number (Protons + Neutrons) = 7 + 8 = 15

The symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons is N-15.

The symbol for an element represents its identity, and is composed of the element's atomic number and an elemental symbol. The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom. The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. To determine the symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons, we need to identify the atomic number and mass number for nitrogen. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7, which means it has 7 protons. Since the mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons, we can subtract 8 neutrons from the mass number to find the number of protons in the isotope. Therefore, the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons has an atomic number of 7 and a mass number of 15. The symbol for nitrogen is N, so the symbol for the nitrogen isotope with 8 neutrons is N-15.

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Answer:

K.E. increase by 10 KJ.

Explanation:

Total mechanical energy of a system is always constant which is the sum of kinetic and potential energies of the system. So, when the ram of a pile driver when it suddenly undergoes a 10 kJ decrease in potential energy, its kinetic energy must have increase by 10 KJ. So, as to make their sum constant again.

Mechanical energy = Kinetic energy + potential energy = constant

Answer : The amount of codeine in one teaspoonful is, 30 mg

Explanation : Given,

Amount of codeine per fluid ounce = 60 mg

Now we have to determine the amount of codeine present in one teaspoonful.

As we know that:

1 teaspoonful = 0.5 fluid ounce

As, the amount of codeine per fluid ounce = 60 mg

So, the amount of codeine 0.5 fluid ounce = [tex]\frac{0.5}{1}\times 60mg=30mg[/tex]

Thus, the amount of codeine in one teaspoonful is, 30 mg

Answer:

383.18 N are required to lift the statue

Explanation:

Since the statue receives an upward buoyant force that follows the principle of Archimedes ( and is equal to the weight of displaced seawater due to the volume of the statue) , the net force required would be

net force = weight of the statue - upward buoyant force = m*g - ρsw * V *g =

(m- ρsw * V)*g

where

m= mass of the statue = 70.0 kg

V= volume of the statue = = 0.030 m³

g= gravity = 9.8 m/s²

ρsw = mass density of seawater =  1030 kg/m³

replacing values

net force = (m- ρsw * V)*g = (70.0 kg -  1030 kg/m³*0.030 m³)* 9.8 m/s² = 383.18 N

The amount of force needed to lift mass is mathematically given as

Net force= 383.18 N

Question Parameter(s):

A 70.0 kg ancient statue lies at the bottom of the sea

Volume is 30,000 cm3

Where

net force = weight of the statue - upward buoyant force

Generally, the equation for the   is mathematically given as

net force = m*g - ρsw * V *g

Therefore

net force = (m- ρsw * V)*g

net force= (70.0 kg -  1030 *0.030 )* 9.8  

net force= 383.18 N

In conclusion, The net force is

Net force= 383.18 N

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Answer:

Charge-charge interactions (salt bridge, ionic bond) are electrostatic interactions between a pair of ions is True.

Explanation:

Electrostatic interaction between pairs of ions involves the transfer of ion/charges from two bonding elements in their ionic state

The current model of the atom was established by Rutherford's gold foil experiment. This experiment proved that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus, replacing Thomson's plum pudding model.

The current model of the atom in which essentially all of an atom's mass is contained in a very small nucleus, whereas most of an atom's volume is due to the space in which the atom's electrons move, was established by B) Rutherford's gold foil experiment. In this experiment, Rutherford observed that most of the alpha particles passed straight through the gold foil which indicated that atoms are mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus. This model replaced the previously accepted Thomson's plum pudding model. Thus, the structure of the atom as we know it today, was primarily established through Rutherford's experiment.

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Answer: Option D

They should determine the average mass of the tomato plants along with the mass of the hornworms

Explanation:

Determining the average mass of the tomato along with the mass of hornworms will tell the researcher whether the hornworms is still feeding on the tomato or not.

If the mass of the tomato is reducing, then the researcher would know that the acid is not effective in keeping the hornworms away from the tomato or otherwise.

Answer:

18 %

Explanation:

18 mL solvent per 100 mL solution

Answer:

True

Explanation:

Every material in made up of intensive or extensive property. Intensive property of a system does not depend on the system size or the amount of material in the system. But extensive property on the other hand depends on the amount of material present in the system.

Examples of intensive properties include temperature, density, vapor pressure and viscosity.

Assuming that there is some residual liquid left after equilibrium is reached, no matter how much liquid is present, at any given temperature, the vapor pressure will be the same because it is an intensive property.

Answer:

6 number of complete triglycerides that could be formed .

Explanation:

In 25 microseconds ,single fatty acid attachment to glycerol  takes place.

So, in 1 microseconds = [tex]\frac{1}{25}[/tex]

If the enzyme catalyzes dehydration synthesis reactions for 450 microseconds, then maximum numbers of attachments of fatty to glycerol will be:

[tex]\frac{1}{25}\times 450=18[/tex]

And each triglycerides has three fatty acid chains.So, number of triglycerides formed will be :

[tex]\frac{18}{3}=6[/tex]

6 number of complete triglycerides that could be formed if no fatty acids were bonded to glycerol at the beginning of the reactions

Given the reaction speed of the enzyme at 20°C, in a timeframe of 450 microseconds, the maximum number of triglycerides that can be formed is 18.

At 20°C the enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of triglycerides functions at a rate of 1 reaction every 25 microseconds. Hence, in a time frame of one microsecond, this enzyme can catalyze a maximum of 1/25 or 0.04 reactions. When this enzyme catalyzes synthesis reactions for 450 microseconds, the maximum number of reactions is 0.04 per microsecond * 450 microseconds, which is 18 reactions. Given that each reaction forms one complete triglyceride molecule, the maximum number of complete triglycerides that could be formed is 18.

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An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a dialyzing bag and immersed in distilled water. Which of the following correctly describes the location of the indicated substance after dialysis?

A-albumin, inside

B-starch outside

C-albumin inside and outside

D-water inside only

E-starch inside and outside

Answer: A Correct

Explanation: A dialyzing bag is a visking device i.e. artificial semi-permeable membrane tubing used for a differential molecular movement across to the medium/cell membrane (separation techniques), that allows the flow of smaller molecules (low-molecular-weight molecules) in solution on the basis of differential diffusion.

Tiny molecules like water and glucose can pass through its microscopic pores while larger molecules like salt ions of NaCl, albumin, sucrose and starch cannot pass through the pore.

So, the salt ions of NaCl, albumin, sucrose and starch stays inside the bag, only glucose can go out of the bag and water may also diffuse into the bag from outside .

After dialysis, starch will be found outside the bag, while glucose, albumin, and NaCl will be found inside the bag.

An aqueous mixture containing starch (a colloid), NaCl, glucose, and albumin (a colloid) is placed in a dialyzing bag and in distilled water. After dialysis, the starch will be found outside the bag, while the glucose, albumin, and NaCl will be found inside the bag. The starch particles are too large to pass through the semi-permeable dialyzing membrane, so they remain outside the bag, while the smaller glucose, albumin, and NaCl molecules are able to pass through the membrane and are found inside the bag.

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Answer:

Explanation:

In this problem, only the Kw is given and you need to figure out what the [OH-] concentration is. The only was of going such is filling in "x" for both [H+] and [OH-] due to both parts of the equation not being listed. From here, just solve for "x".

At 15°C, the equilibrium concentration of OH⁻ ions in pure water is calculated to be approximately 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M using the square root of the given Kw value, 4.5 x 10⁻¹⁵.

In the given question, we are asked to calculate the equilibrium concentration of hydroxide ions, [OHˉ], at a temperature of 15°C where the autoionization constant of water (Kw) is given to be 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵. We know that:

Kw = [H3O+][OHˉ].

In pure water at equilibrium, the concentration of H3O+ equals the concentration of OHˉ. Hence, we can rewrite the expression as:

Kw = [OHˉ]² or [OHˉ] = √Kw.

Substituting Kw with 4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵, we find:

[OHˉ] = √(4.5 × 10⁻¹⁵) = 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M

This means, at 15°C, the equilibrium concentration of OHˉ is 6.7 × 10⁻⁸ M.

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Answer:

II) This is because Fe₂O₃ is reduced to Fe and CO is oxidized to CO₂

Explanation:

The equation II which is Fe₂O₃ + 3CO → 2Fe + 3CO₂ is the only exclusive oxidation-reduction reaction since, Fe₂O₃ is reduced to Fe by the removal of oxygen and CO is oxidized to CO₂ by the addition of oxygen.

Equation I is a hydrolysis reaction while equation III is an acid-base reaction. There is change of oxidation number in equations I and III, but they are not exclusively oxidation-reduction reactions.  

The only oxidation-reduction reaction among the given reactions is option ll) Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO₂

To determine which among the given reactions are redox reactions, we need to check if there is a change in oxidation states of the elements involved in the reactions.

Let's analyze each reaction:

PCl₃ + 3 H₂O → 3 HCl + H₃PO₃:

Fe₂O₃ + 3 CO → 2 Fe + 3 CO₂:

CaCO₃ + 2 HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + CO₂ + H₂O:

Hence, the only oxidation-reduction reaction is:

Answer:

Explanation:

Total pressure of the mixture = 300 mm Hg

equation of reaction

C₇ H₁₆(g) + 11 O₂ (g) →  7 CO₂(g) + 8 H₂O(g)

partial pressure of heptane = mole fraction heptane × total pressure = 1 / 12 × 300 mm Hg = 25 mm Hg

partial pressure of oxygen = mole fraction oxygen × total pressure = 11 / 12 × 300 mm Hg = 275 mm Hg

After the reaction

total number of mole before the reaction = 12

total number of mole after the reaction = 15

temperature and volume did not change

if 12  to 300 mm Hg

15 will be 15 × 300 / 12 = 375 mm Hg

partial pressure of water vapor = mole fraction of water vapor × 375 mm Hg = 8 / 15 × 375 mm Hg = 200 mm Hg

The pressure of the water vapor on the solution is 200mm Hg. The pressure exerted on the solution by the vapor is known as vapor pressure.

The pressure exerted on the solution by the vapor is known as vapor pressure.

[tex]{P_{H_2O} = X_{H_2O}\times P_{sol}[/tex]

Where,

[tex]{P_{H_2O}[/tex] - Vapour pressure

[tex]X_{H_2O}[/tex] - Mole fraction of water = 8/15

[tex]P_{sol}[/tex] - Vapour Pressure of solution = 375 mm Hg

Put the values in the formula,

[tex]{P_{H_2O} = \dfrac 8 { 15} \times 375 { \rm \ mm Hg}\\{P_{H_2O} = 200 { \rm \ mm Hg}[/tex]

Therefore, the pressure of the water vapor on the solution is 200mm Hg.

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Final answer:

To arrange the solutions in order of increasing acidity, we must understand their hydrolysis reactions. The order from least acidic to most acidic is: CH3COONa, NaF, NaNO3, CH3COONH4, NH4NO3.

Explanation:

To arrange the 0.10 M solutions in order of increasing acidity, we need to consider the nature of each compound in water and the consequent effect on pH. Salt solutions can be acidic, neutral, or basic, depending on the ions they release into solution.

(i) NH4NO3: This salt forms from a weak base (NH4OH) and a strong acid (HNO3), so its solution is acidic because the NH4+ ion hydrolyzes to produce acid.

(ii) NaNO3: Na+ is from a strong base (NaOH), and NO3- is from a strong acid (HNO3), so the solution is neutral as neither ion hydrolyzes significantly.

(iii) CH3COONH4: This is a salt of a weak acid (CH3COOH) and a weak base (NH4OH), but since weak bases generally hydrolyze more compared to weak acids, this solution is slightly acidic.

(iv) NaF: This salt dissociates into Na+ (from NaOH, a strong base) and F- (from HF, a weak acid). The F- ion hydrolyzes water to form HF and OH-, making the solution basic.

In summary, the order of increasing acidity (from least acidic to most acidic) is: CH3COONa < NaF < NaNO3 < CH3COONH4 < NH4NO3.

Final answer:

The empirical formula for this compound is CH₂O.

Explanation:

To find the empirical formula of a compound with given mass percentages, we first assume a sample size of 100 grams. This makes it easy to convert mass percent to grams directly. For the compound containing 40.0% C, 6.71% H, and 53.28% O, we would have 40.0 grams of carbon, 6.71 grams of hydrogen, and 53.28 grams of oxygen.

Next, we convert these masses to moles using the molar mass of each element (Carbon: 12.01 g/mol, Hydrogen: 1.008 g/mol, Oxygen: 16.00 g/mol).

To determine the simplest integer ratio of the elements, divide the moles of each element by the smallest number of moles calculated. In this case, all values come down to 1, which gives us the simple ratio of 1:2:1. Thus, the empirical formula is CH₂O.