Write a Python function powerSet() that takes in a finite list object A and returns P(A), the power set of A. The output should be only in the form of list objects. Note: Make sure you are familiar with some of Python's basic built-in list functions and operators, as they will make completing this problem far easier. For example:

Answer:

f = open('students.txt', 'r')

Explanation:

In the computing world, a command is an instruction to a computer program to execute a particular task. These instructions might be issued via a command-line interface, such as a shell program, or as a input to a network service as a component of a network protocol, or can be instructed as an event in a graphical user interface activated by the respective user selecting an option in a menu.

the f = open('students.txt', 'r') command line would be used to open a file named "students.txt", There are also various other types of commands for executing different task, for example:

1. ASSOC for Fix File Associations

2. FC for File Compare

3. IPCONFIG for IP Configuration

4. NETSTAT for Network Statistics

5. PING for Send Test Packets

6. TRACERT for Trace Route

7. POWERCFG for Power Configuration

e.t.c.

Answer:

184

Explanation:

Given the codes

The initial value of cost is 82.

The if condition in Line 3 will pass and therefore cost = 82 + 10 = 92

The if condition in Line 8 will pass and therefore cost = 92 * 2 = 184

The if condition in Line 13 will fail l and therefore the if block will be skipped.

At last, the we get cost = 184.

Answer:

Thunderbird

Explanation:

When we talk about open source software, we are talking about software that is free to download and its source code repository is made available and public to its users. Open source code can be modified and distributed with the users’ rights if they want to. Thunderbird is an example of open source developed by the Mozilla foundation. All known web browsers like Chromium and Safari are open source apart from Internet Explorer. Internet Explorer has remained closed source for a long time now.

Answer:

note:

solution is attached in word form due to error in mathematical equation. furthermore i also attach Screenshot of solution in word due to different version of MS Office please find the attachment

Answer:

Explanation:

The code consists of two main parts. The part 1 is to validate the input major and print out the major according to the input character (Line 10 -22). If the input character is not matched with the target letters, a message invalid major will be displayed.

The part 2 is to validate the year status to make sure it only fall within the range of 1-4  (Line 26 -45). If within the range, the program will display the year major accordingly. If not a message invalid year status will be displayed.

Answer:

GROUP BY clause

Explanation:

The GROUP BY clause is used in SQL as a command to select statement to organize similar data or same values into groups. The GROUP BY clause is used in the SELECT statement in conjunction with aggregate functions to produce summary reports from the database. It combines the multiple records in single or more columns using some functions. If an individual column is listed in the SELECT clause, along with a group function, the column must also be listed in a GROUP BY clause.

Answer: true

Explanation:

Double-clicking which is the act of pressing a computer mouse button twice quickly without moving the mouse allows two different actions to be associated with the same mouse button. It was developed by Bill Atkinson of Apple Computer, Double-clicking executes the function associated with that objec and also opens the application on which you double clicked.

Answer:

Desktop computer is probably single-voltage

Explanation:

The problem is most likely as a result of voltage difference. He have to get a dual-voltage switch that can accept both 110-120V and 220-240V. As the voltage of the the United States will most likely be different from the voltage in his home country.  Or get a power adapter (single voltage) that suits the voltage of the US.

The answer & explanation for this question is given in the attachment below.

Final answer:

A SavingsAccount class extends a BankAccount with specific features like an annual interest rate and separate savings numbers for different funds under one account number. It includes a postInterest method that calculates and deposits monthly interest.

Explanation:

To create a new class called SavingsAccount that extends BankAccount, you must first understand the basics of inheritance in object-oriented programming. Inheriting from the BankAccount class allows the SavingsAccount class to use its methods and properties. Additionally, a SavingsAccount has specific features such as an annual interest rate and the ability to have multiple savings numbers under one account number to keep funds separate for different purposes, like a Christmas club account.

Here is an example of how you might define such a class:

public class SavingsAccount extends BankAccount {
   private double rate = 2.5;
   private int savingsNumber = 0;
   private String accountNumber;

   public SavingsAccount(String name, double initialBalance) {
       super(name, initialBalance);
       this.accountNumber = super.getAccountNumber() + "-" + savingsNumber;
   }

   public void postInterest() {
       double monthlyInterest = getBalance() * (rate / 12) / 100;
       deposit(monthlyInterest);
   }

   // Additional methods and constructors can be added here
}

The postInterest method calculates one month's interest using the annual rate and then deposits it into the account, thereby compounding monthly.

Final answer:

To update the most recent novel of J.K. Rowling in the 'most_recent_novel' dictionary, assign the new novel title to the key 'J.K. Rowling'. Be sure to correct the author's name if it was misspelled in your dictionary.

Explanation:

The student's question involves updating a value within a dictionary in Python. If most_recent_novel is your dictionary and you want to update the novel associated with the novelist J.K. Rowling (correct spelling), you can do this by assigning a new value to the key representing the novelist. Here's how you can write the statement:

most_recent_novel['J.K. Rowling'] = 'Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows'

Note that the spelling of J.K. Rowling's name is incorrect in the question. It's important to use the correct key when updating the dictionary value. Assuming 'J.K. Rawling' was a typo, the correct key is 'J.K. Rowling'.

The C program uses a stack to check if a series of input strings with parentheses, brackets, and braces are correctly formatted. It reads the number of strings, processes each string, and outputs "Yes" if the expression is correct and "No" otherwise. The stack is employed to keep track of opening symbols and ensure matching with closing symbols.

Below is a simple C program that checks whether a series of strings, representing expressions with parentheses, brackets, and braces, are correctly formatted or not. The program uses a stack data structure to keep track of the opening symbols and checks for matching closing symbols.

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>

// Define the stack structure

typedef struct {

   char data[100000];  // Assuming a maximum string length of 100,000 characters

   int top;

} Stack;

// Function to initialize the stack

void initializeStack(Stack *stack) {

   stack->top = -1;

}

// Function to push a character onto the stack

void push(Stack *stack, char ch) {

   stack->data[++stack->top] = ch;

}

// Function to pop a character from the stack

char pop(Stack *stack) {

   return stack->data[stack->top--];

}

// Function to check if the expression is correct

int isCorrectExpression(char *expression) {

   Stack stack;

   initializeStack(&stack);

   for (int i = 0; expression[i] != '\0'; i++) {

       if (expression[i] == '(' || expression[i] == '[' || expression[i] == '{') {

           push(&stack, expression[i]);

       } else if (expression[i] == ')' && (stack.top == -1 || pop(&stack) != '(')) {

           return 0;  // Not correct

       } else if (expression[i] == ']' && (stack.top == -1 || pop(&stack) != '[')) {

           return 0;  // Not correct

       } else if (expression[i] == '}' && (stack.top == -1 || pop(&stack) != '{')) {

           return 0;  // Not correct

       }

   }

   return stack.top == -1;  // Check if the stack is empty

}

int main() {

   int n;

   scanf("%d", &n);

   getchar();  // Consume the newline character

   for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {

       char expression[100000];

       fgets(expression, sizeof(expression), stdin);

       if (isCorrectExpression(expression)) {

           printf("Yes\n");

       } else {

           printf("No\n");

       }

   }

   return 0;

}

Answer:

top down approach

Explanation:

Top down approach is process of breaking down system into sub-system which helps in formulating the overall system. At the end every sub system can be refined with more details.

While bottom up approach is process of gathering systems to design large complex system.

Top down is better as basic information is present and resources can be utilized effectively without impacting maintennance and operations.

Final answer:

Choosing between a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach for developing a school registration system depends on the project goals and context. A top-down approach is hierarchically structured and policy-driven, while a bottom-up approach focuses on detailed, user-centric components. A hybrid approach may offer the best of both methodologies.

Explanation:

When developing a logical model of a registration system at a school or college, choosing between a top-down approach and a bottom-up approach depends on the specific context and goals of the project. A top-down approach generally starts with defining the high-level processes and structures of the system based on the policies and requirements of the institution. It is methodical, following a hierarchical path from the general to the specific, which can be beneficial when there are clear objectives and standards to adhere to.

On the other hand, a bottom-up approach builds the system from the lowest level of detailed requirements, often focusing on user needs and individual system components before integrating them into the full model. This can be advantageous when needing to understand complex details from the outset or when user feedback is critical in shaping the system's functionality.

In the implementation phase of a policy process, one might consider elements from both strategies. For example, important federal policies might require adherence to regulations (top-down), but the practical and on-the-ground impact of policies might be best understood by considering local circumstances (bottom-up). Thus, developing a registration system could potentially benefit from a hybrid approach, combining the structured, policy-driven aspects of the top-down method with the detailed, user-driven focus of the bottom-up method.

Answer:

See the pictures attached

Explanation:

Explanation:

The "re" module in python provides various functions to perform complex string operations easily.

For example, you can check whether a specific word exists in a given string or to replace it with some other word.  

Some of the functions in the re module are:

re.findall

re.search

re.sub()

We are particularly interested in the re.sub() function, we can use this function to replace the occurrences of space, coma or dot with semicolon.  

Syntax:

re.sub(pattern, replace, target_string, n).  

Where pattern = space, coma or dot  

replace = semicolon  

target_string = any string containing spaces, coma and dots

n = number of times you want the replacement to be done  

Code:

import re  

target_string = "Hello world,code,code."  

replace = ":"

pattern = "[ ,.]"

print(target_string)

print(re.sub(pattern, replace, target_string, 2) )

Output:

Hello world,code,code.

Hello:world:code,code.

It replaced the first white space and coma with semicolon, if we increase the n to 4 then the output is

Hello:world:code:code:

As expected, it replaced all of the space, coma, and dots with semicolons.

Final answer:

The solution is to write a Python program that replaces up to two occurrences of spaces, commas, or dots with colons using the 're.sub()' function from the 're' module.

Explanation:

The question involves writing a Python program using the module re to perform a substitution on a string. The task is to replace at most 2 occurrences of a space, comma, or dot with a colon. Here is an example of how to do this using the re.sub() function:

import re
def replace_characters(text):
   # The regex pattern matches a space, comma, or dot
   pattern = '[ ,.]'
   # This will replace at most 2 occurrences of the pattern with a colon
   result = re.sub(pattern, ':', text, 2)
   return result

# Example usage
input_text = "This is a sentence. With spaces, and commas."
output_text = replace_characters(input_text)
print(output_text)

This program will output "This:is:a sentence. With spaces, and commas." after replacing the first two occurrences of the matched characters with colons.

Answer:

Invoice.java

import java.util.*;

public class Invoice {

   static final String endPrices = "END_PRICES";

   static final String endInvoice = "END_INVOICE";

   static final String quit = "QUIT";

   public static void main(String... args) {

       Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);

       //HashMap to store fruit name as key and price as value

       Map<String, Float> fruits = new HashMap<>();

       //Loop until input is not "END_PRICES"

       while (true){

           String input = sc.next();

           //Come out of loop if input is "END_PRICES"

           if(input.equals(endPrices))

               break;

           float price = Float.parseFloat(sc.next());

           //add fruit to hash map

           fruits.put(input, price);

       }

       //ArrayList to store total cost of each invoice

       List<Float> totalList = new ArrayList<>();

       Float total = 0f;

       //loop until input becomes "QUIT"

       while (true){

           String input = sc.next();

           //Break out of the loop if input is "QUIT"

           if(input.equals(quit)){

               break;

           }

           //Add total price of the invoice to array list and set total to "0f" to store total of next invoice

           if(input.equals(endInvoice)){

               totalList.add(total);

               total = 0f;

               continue;

           }

           int quantity = sc.nextInt();

           total += (fruits.get(input)*quantity);

       }

       //Iterate through all objects in the total Array List and print them

       Iterator itr = totalList.iterator();

       while (itr.hasNext()){

           System.out.printf("Total: %.2f \n", itr.next());

       }

   }

}

Answer:

Explanation:

To check if n is divisible by d, we can use modulus operator such as %. If n % d equal to 0, this means n is divisible by d. Modulus operator is to calculate the remainder obtained from a division. If a number is divisible by another number, the remainder will be 0.

By making use of this concept we can create if and else statement to check if n % d is equal to 0, return true (divisible) else return false (not divisible).

Answer:

Here is the function in Python:

def isDivisibleBy(n,d):

   if(n%d)==0:

       return True;

   else:

       return False;    

Explanation:

Lets see how this works. You can call this function in main program to check if this function isDivisibleBy() works properly.

if(isDivisibleBy(8,2)==True):

   print("It is divisible")

else:

   print(" It is not divisible")

Now the bool function isDivisibleBy() takes two arguments, n and d. bool function returns either true or false. If the number in n is divisible by d the function returns true otherwise it returns false. The number n is completely divisible by d when the remainder of this division is 0. So modulus operator is used to check if n is completely divisible by d.

In main program if condition is used which calls the isDivisibleBy() function and checks if the function returns true. The function is passed two values 8 and 2 where 8 is n and 2 is d. If this condition evaluates to true then the message displayed in output is: It is divisible. When the if condition evaluates to false the messages displayed in output is: It is not divisible.

The program along with its output is attached in the screen shot.

Answer:

Since you have not mentioned the way toString method was implemented in your class, I am just providing a sample implementation of it.

Please find the code in file attached.

Explanation:

Please see attached file.

Answer:

The three important concepts in the Federal Networking Council's definition of the Internet are, namely;

Explanation:

The important concepts in the Federal Networking Council's definition of the Internet include:

It should be noted that packet switching means the transfer of data that are grouped into different packets and then sent through a digital network to different destinations.

The TCP/IP communications protocol is important as it enables a computer to connect with another computer through the internet.

Lastly, client/server computing describes how a server is able to provide services by taking requests from client's computers and then sharing the resources with the computers.

In conclusion, packet switching, TCP/IP communications protocol, and client/server computing are important to the functioning of the internet.

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Answer:

Access functions explained below

Explanation:

Access functions for Three Dimensional Arrays:

Let M, N and P refer to the size of the 1st 2nd and 3rd dimensions respectively.

Element_Size is the memory size the array element.

Generic access functions for Row Major:

If character data is used then Element_Size is 1.

For i=0 to P do

For i=0 to N do

  For i=0 to M do

     Address_of _array[i, j, k] = address_of_array[0,0,0] + (i * P + j * N + k) * Element_Size

    Store data into the Address_of _array[i, j, k]

    Or

  Display data from Address_of _array[i, j, k]

end

end

end        

Generic access function for Column Major:

if For i=0 to M do

For i=0 to N do

  For i=0 to P do

     Address_of _array[i, j, k] = address_of_array[0,0,0] + (i * M + j * N + k) * Element_Size

    Store data into the Address_of _array[i, j, k]

    Or

  Display data from Address_of _array[i, j, k]

end

end

end      

Answer:

Hi there! This is a good question that tests the basics of loops and user input as well as constants and methods. For the sake of simplicity, I have implemented the program in Python. Please find the implementation of this answer below.

Explanation:

Simply save the below code in a file called sales_tax_value.py and run it with python 2.0. If using Python 3.0 + then you'll need to change the line:

"price = raw_input("Enter a price or 0 to quit: ");"

to

"price = input("Enter a price or 0 to quit: ");

sales_tax_value.py

def calculate_total(price):

 totalTax = price * STATE_TAX_RATE + price * CITY_TAX_RATE;

 total = price + totalTax;

 return total;

pricenum = -1;

price = pricenum;

STATE_TAX_RATE = 0.06;

CITY_TAX_RATE = 0.02;

while price != 0:

 price = raw_input("Enter a price or 0 to quit: ");

 try:

   price = int(price);

   print(calculate_total(price));

 except ValueError:

   print("Invalid input!");

   price = -1;

Question:

// This program accepts any number of purchase prices

// and computes state sales tax as 6% of the value

// and city sales tax as 2% of the value

//Modify the program so that the user enters

// the two tax rates

// at the start of the program

start

Declarations

num price

num STATE_TAX_RATE = 0.06

num CITY_TAX_RATE = 0.02

num totalTax

num total

startUp()

while price not equal to 0

mainLoop()

endwhile

finishUp()

stopstartUp()

output "Enter a price or 0 to quit"

input price

returnmain

Loop()

totalTax = price * STATE_TAX_RATE + price * CITY_TAX_RATE

total = price + totalTax

output "Price is " , price, " and total tax is ", totalTaxoutput "Total is ", total

output "Enter a price or 0 to quit"

input price

return finishUp()

output "End of program"

return

Answer

Modified Program below

// This program accepts any number of purchase prices

// and computes state sales tax as 6% of the value

// and city sales tax as 2% of the value

//Modify the program so that the user enters

// the two tax rates

// at the start of the program

start

Declarations

num price

num STATE_TAX_RATE

num CITY_TAX_RATE

num totalTax

num total

input STATE_TAX_RATE

input CITY_TAX_RATE

startUp()

while price not equal to 0

mainLoop()

endwhile

finishUp()

stopstartUp()

output "Enter a price or 0 to quit"

input price

returnmain

Loop()

totalTax = price * STATE_TAX_RATE + price * CITY_TAX_RATE

total = price + totalTax

output "Price is " , price, " and total tax is ", totalTaxoutput "Total is ", total

output "Enter a price or 0 to quit"

input price

return finishUp()

output "End of program"

return

Answer:

The memory and the processing unit communicate through the Memory Address Register (MAR) and the Memory Data Register (MDR).

Explanation:

Final answer:

The memory and processing unit in a computer communicates through the system bus, utilizing RAM for fast access to data. This interaction is optimized with techniques like caching and, when necessary, swapping to manage memory usage effectively.

Explanation:

The interface between the memory and the processing unit in a computer system facilitates communication and data exchange crucial for computational tasks. These two components communicate through a data pathway known as the system bus. This bus includes data lines for transferring data, address lines to specify where the data should be sent, and control lines to manage the timing and direction of data flow.

Random Access Memory (RAM) plays a pivotal role in this communication. When a process is initiated, data from the long-term storage (like a hard drive) is loaded into RAM, because RAM is much faster, though more expensive. The processing unit (CPU) then reads instructions and data directly from RAM, performs computations, and may write the results back to RAM or send them to output devices or long-term storage.

Another method to facilitate communication involves caching. CPU caches are small, faster memory locations that store copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations. These caches help reduce the time it takes for the CPU to access data from RAM, speeding up the computation process.

To manage and optimize memory use, operating systems may employ techniques like swapping, where data is moved back and forth between RAM and a hard drive, particularly when RAM is full. However, this can significantly slow down system performance due to the difference in speed between RAM and hard drives.

Answer:

The actual methods used to protect against data loss are Technical controls, but the program that identifies which data to protect is a Procedural control.

Explanation:

In technical control, different software has been installed and protocols has been deployed to avoid any data loss in network security. As all the devices and protocols that we need while installing a network needs technical support. This is the reason, these things are called technical control of the system.

Another control in network security is procedural control. In this type of control it has been identified that, which data should be protected or which data should not be accessed to unauthorized users. This is called procedural control.

Answer:

Scanner can be used to read tokens from the console window (user input)

Explanation:

Scanner is a class used in some programming languages to obtain inputs from users.

It is mostly well developed in Java programming language and used exclusively for taking and obtaining inputs.

Scanner takes input in primitive types such as doubles, floats and integers. IT also takes string inputs.

Here is a code snippet where the class scanner is used:

         Scanner input = new Scanner (System.in)

The code above creates an object of the scanner class

Final answer:

The question involves writing a program in C++ and Python that counts multiples of 3 and 5 between two user-entered integers. Examples of both a C++ and Python program are provided, demonstrating how to prompt for input and calculate the counts.

Explanation:

Counting Multiples in C++ and Python:

A program that counts multiples of 3 and 5 between two integers can be written in multiple programming languages. Below are examples in both C++ and Python that accomplish the task. Both programs prompt the user for two integers and then iterate through the range, counting the numbers that are multiples of 3 and 5, respectively.

C++ Program

#include
using namespace std;
int main() {
   int start, end, count3 = 0, count5 = 0;
   cout << "Enter two integers: ";
   cin >> start >> end;
   for (int i = start; i <= end; ++i) {
       if (i % 3 == 0) count3++;
       if (i % 5 == 0) count5++;
   }
   cout << "Multiples of 3: " << count3 << endl;
   cout << "Multiples of 5: " << count5 << endl;
   return 0;
}

Python Program

start = int(input("Enter the first integer: "))
end = int(input("Enter the second integer: "))
count3 = len([i for i in range(start, end+1) if i % 3 == 0])
count5 = len([i for i in range(start, end+1) if i % 5 == 0])
print(f"Multiples of 3: {count3}")
print(f"Multiples of 5: {count5}")

Final answer:

To solve this problem, you can write a program that prompts the user to enter two integers and then displays the number of multiples of 3 and 5 between those two integers.

Explanation:

To solve this problem, you can use a loop to iterate through each number between the two integers provided by the user. Within the loop, you can check if a number is a multiple of 3 or 5 by using the modulus operator (%). If the remainder of dividing the number by 3 is 0, then it is a multiple of 3. If the remainder of dividing the number by 5 is 0, then it is a multiple of 5. You can keep track of the count of multiples using two separate counters and display the results at the end.

Here's an example of how the program might look in Python:

Answer:

The explanation of the question is described in the section below.

Explanation:

(a)

Go Back N :

A gives in a maximum of 9 pieces. Typically they will be sent back sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and then re-sent segments 2, 3, 4 and 5.

B sends out 8 ACK's. They are 4 ACKS including 1 series and 4 ACKS with 2, 3, 4 and 5 series amounts.

Selective Repeat :

A sends in such max of 6 bits. Subsequently, segments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and earlier re-sent Segments 2 will be sent.

B assigns five ACKs. We are 4our ACKS with numbers 1, 3, 4, 5. However there is one sequence quantity 2 ACK.

TCP :

A assigns in a total of 6 bits. Originally, segments 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and future re-sent Segments 2 have always been sent.

B sends five ACKs. There are 4 ACKS with either the number 2 series. There has been one ACK with a sequence of numbers 6. Remember that TCP always needs to send an ACK with a sequence number you anticipate.

(b)

This is although TCP utilizes convenient retransmission without searching for the time out.

So, it's the right answer.

Answer:

a. Each class can define a constructor for custom object initialization : This is True

b. A constructor is a special member function that must have the same name as the class : This is True

c. C++ requires a constructor call for every object that's created : This is True

d.  A constructor cannot specify parameters : This is False

Explanation

a.  The name of its string instance variable is initialized to null by default, when an object of class account is created, .

b. Constructors often have the same name as the class been declared. They have the duty of initializing the object's data members and also of establishing the invariant of the class.

c. C++ absolutely generates a default copy constructor which  calls the copy constructors for  all member variables and all base classes, except the programmer provides one, directly deletes the copy constructor (in order to avoid cloning) or one of the base classes or member variables copy constructor is deleted or not accessible (private).

d. When an object is created, each class declared  optionally provides a constructor with parameters which would be used to initialize an object of a class. Thus, in order for fields to be initialized in the object at the time of creation, constructors need to specify parameters.

Therefore, the last statement is false

The statement that cannot be considered as true statement in this question is D:A constructor cannot specify parameters.

Therefore, option D is correct.

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Final answer:

To ensure exclusive writing in Canvas, a system can be implemented using locks, semaphores, timeouts, fair scheduling, and a deadlock prevention mechanism.

Explanation:

In order to ensure mutual exclusion when writing a discussion post in Canvas, a system utilizing locks and semaphores can be implemented. Each student attempting to write a post will need to acquire a lock, and only one lock is available at a time, preventing multiple students from writing simultaneously.

To prevent lockout, a timeout period can be set. If a student doesn't actively write for a certain duration, their lock is released, allowing other students to access the system.

To prevent starvation, a fair scheduling algorithm can be employed to ensure that each student gets a turn to write without being able to monopolize the system. Additionally, to prevent deadlock, students could be required to release the lock if they are unable to write within a reasonable time frame.

Answer:

Level 5 = 291 ms

Explanation:

Given Data:

Level 1 = 10 X Level 0 Instructions

Level 2 = 8 x Level 1 Instructions

Level 3 = 5 x Level 2 Instructions

Level 4 = 5 x Level 3 Instructions

Level 5 = 5 x Level 4 Instructions

Level 0 execution time = 29.1 ns

To Find:

Level 5 Execution Time = ?

Solution:

Put value of Level 1 in Equation of Level 2

Level 2 =  8 x 10 Level 0 = 80 x Level 0

Put value of Level 2 in Equation of Level 3

Level 3 = 5 x 80 x Level 0 = 400 x Level 0

Put value of Level 3 in Equation of Level 4

Level 4 = 5 x 400 x Level 0 = 2000 x Level 0

Put value of Level 4 in Equation of Level 5

Level 5 = 5 x 2000 x Level 0 = 10,000 x Level 0

So, Level 5 have total of 10,000 Level 0 Instruction. Each level 0 Instruction takes 29.1 ns time to execute. So, Level 5 will Take

Level 5 = 10,000 x 29.1 ns

            =  2,91,000 ns

Level 5 = 291 ms

Answer:

The probability of a threat exploiting a vulnerability and the resulting cost

Explanation:

The whole idea of IT security is to protect our data from bad things. Risk in cyber security is the potential to harm people, organizations and IT equipment. It is the probability that a particular threat will occur and as result, leave a system vulnerable.

Answer:

This program is written in C++.  The explanation of the code is given below in the explanation section.

Explanation:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

//factorial calculation

int fact(int n) {

  if (n == 0 || n == 1)

     return 1;

  else

     return n * fact(n - 1);

}

int main() {

  int n, r, comb; /* n represent number of people (population), r represent the number of selection from population and combination represent number of ways or combination */

  cout<<"Enter n : ";// prompt user to enter population i.e. total number of people

  cin>>n;//store into n

  cout<<"\nEnter r : ";//prompt user to enter number of selection from population

  cin>>r;

  comb = fact(n) / (fact(r) * fact(n-r));// calcuate combination- number of differnt ways to form a committe

  cout << "\nCombination : " << comb; //show the result

  return 0;

}