Answer:
The Python code with the function is given below. Testing and output gives the results of certain chosen parameters for the program
Explanation:
def first_last(seq):
if(len(seq) == 0):
return ()
elif(len(seq) == 1):
return (seq[0],)
else:
return (seq[0], seq[len(seq)-1])
#Testing
print(first_last([]))
print(first_last([1]))
print(first_last([1,2,3,4,5]))
# Output
( )
( 1 , )
( 1 , 5 )
The byte-ordering scheme used by computers to store large integers in memory with the high-order byte at the lowest address is called:
a. big endian
b. byte-major
c. little endian
d. byte-minor
Answer:
a. big endian
Explanation:
Endianness determines the order of how the multiple bytes of information are stored in the memory.Big-endian is a byte ordering scheme in which the most significant byte also called the big end of data is stored at the the lowest address. First byte is the biggest so Big-endian order puts most significant byte first and least significant byte in the last. For example: A hexadecimal number 1D23 required two bytes to be represented so in big endian order this hexadecimal number will be represented as 1D 23.Flash drives, CDs, external disks are all examples of storage (memory) devices.'True or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Storage or memory devices are simply used for storing data and information either permanently or just for a short time. These devices could be internal or external to the system that uses them. They can either be primary storage devices or secondary storage devices. Examples of the storage devices are;
i. Flash drives --- Secondary storage
ii. CDs --- Secondary storage
iii. External disks --- Secondary storage
iv. SD card (Secure Digital card) --- Secondary storage
v. RAM (Random Access Memory) --- Primary storage
vi. ROM (Read Only Memory) --- Primary Storage
a. Using this Playfair matrix: J/K C D E F U N P Q S Z V W X Y R A L G O B I T H M Encrypt this message: I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country. quizzlet
Answer:
MAPAZOQHGKHWHMLITMIAKHPBASDGMCDHROCAFKRAFOFANPBLZY
Explanation:
To make it create a matrix with the letters provided without using the letter J. Then organize the message to be encrypted in pairs omitting the spaces and using a letter X if two letters are the same or if you have and an odd number of letters. Select each pair of letters to encrypt them one pair at a time, using the matrix paint a rectangular box around the letters to code them select the opposite letter in the rectangular box.
Assume that you have an array of integers named arr. Which of these code segments print the same results? int i = 0; while (i < arr.length) { System.out.println(arr[i]); i++; } int i; for (i = 0; i <= arr.length; i++) { System.out.println(arr[i]); } for (int i : arr) { System.out.println(i); }
Answer:
2. int i; for (i = 0; i <= arr.length; i++) { System.out.println(arr[i]); }
3. for (int i : arr) { System.out.println(i); }
second and third code segments print the same output.
Explanation:
In first code segment, while loop starts printing from arr[0] and it continues till the second last element of the the array as in statement of while loop i<arr.length. Which print till arr[length - 1].
In second code, for loop starts from 0 and ends at the last element of the array. which prints from arr[0] to arr[length].
In third code segment, it also print from arr[0] to arr[length]. In this case for (int i : arr) means start from first value of array and continues till last element of the array.
Write a program that prompts the user for the lengths of the two legs of a right triangle, and which reports the length of the hypotenuse. Recall that the hypotenuse length satisfies the formula:
c =√ (a² + b²)
Answer: The following code is in c++
#include <iostream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
float a,b,c;
cout<<"Enter height and base of triangle\n";
cin>>a>>b; //reading two sides from user
c=sqrt(pow(a,2)+pow(b,2)); //calculating hypotenuse
cout<<"Length of hypotenuse is "<<c; //printing third side of triangle
return 0;
}
OUTPUT :
Enter height and base of triangle
3
4
Length of hypotenuse is 5
Explanation:
In the above code, three variables a, b and c of int type are declared. After that, it is asked from user to enter the value of a and b. The user puts the value and then c is calculated with the help of Pythagoras theorem formulae which squares the values of two sides and then adds them to calculate hypotenuse of a right angled triangle and finally c is printed to console.
Write the definition of a class Telephone. The class has no constructors and one static method getFullNumber. The method accepts a String argument and returns it, adding 718- to the beginning of the argument.
Answer:
public class Telephone {
public static String getFullNumber(String a) {
return ("718-" + a);
}
}
In the explanation section we show the method in use with some displayed output
Explanation:
The code to create an object of the class and use its method getFullNumber(String a) is given below:
public class TestClass {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Telephone TelephoneOne = new Telephone();
String newNumber=TelephoneOne.getFullNumber("080657288");
System.out.println(newNumber);
}
}
Which two lines of code will cause a DML exception on insert to the database when assigning access level for the record? Universal containers has a requirement for the architect to develop Apex managed sharing code for the custom job object. The sharing settings for the Job object are set to Private.
A. Objectname.AccessLevel='Read'
B. Objectname.AccessLevel='Edit'
C. Objectname.AccessLevel='All'
D. Objectname.AccessLevel='None
Answer:
C and D where the property name as described in the question is Objectivename.AccessLevel.
Explanation:
The answer to the question asked are C which implies that Objective.AccessLevel="All" and D which implies that the Objectivename.AccessLevel="None"
It is good to also know and understand that the narrative in the question and answer to the question are terms used in the Apex sharing sales force.
A share object includes records supporting all three types of sharing: managed sharing, user managed sharing, and Apex managed sharing. Sharing granted to users implicitly through organization-wide defaults, the role hierarchy, and permissions such as the “View All” and “Modify All” permissions for the given object, “View All Data,” and “Modify All Data” are not tracked with this object.
It should also be understood that :
The level of access that the specified user or group has been granted for a share sObject. The name of the property is AccessLevel appended to the object name. For example, the property name for OperateShare object is OperateShareAccessLevel. where valid values are usually,Edit , Read , All
Which technology can be used to protect the privacy rights of individuals and simultaneously allow organizations to analyze data in aggregate?
Answer:
De-identification or data anonymization.
Explanation:
Privacy rights are fundamental right of individuals to privatise all personal information, when creating an account.
The de-identification and data anonymization technology is provided by the organisation to user, to prevent their information to be viewed by others. It commonly used in cloud computing, communication, internet, multimedia etc. Reidentification is the reversing of the de-identification effect on personal data.
Which directive is used when defining 64-bit IEEE long reals?
a. REAL4
b. REAL8
c. REAL64
d. REAL
Final answer:
The directive used to define a 64-bit IEEE long real is 'REAL8', which is used in assembly language programming to allocate 8 bytes of storage for double-precision floating-point numbers. The correct answer is option (b).
Explanation:
You asked which directive is used when defining 64-bit IEEE long reals. The correct option is b. REAL8. This directive is specific to assembly language programming where different 'REAL' types are used to define floating-point numbers of various sizes.
A 64-bit IEEE long real, which is also known as a double-precision floating-point number, is defined with the REAL8 directive in most assemblers. It reserves 8 bytes of memory and can represent very large or very small numbers, much larger or smaller than what can be represented by a single-precision floating-point defined by REAL4 (which reserves 4 bytes).
Explain why it might be more appropriate to declare an attribute that contains only digits as a character data type instead of a numeric data type.
Final answer:
It may be more appropriate to declare an attribute that contains only digits as a character data type instead of a numeric data type because character data types allow for greater flexibility and can handle other non-numeric characters.
Explanation:
In certain cases, it may be more appropriate to declare an attribute that contains only digits as a character data type instead of a numeric data type. This is because character data types allow for greater flexibility and can handle not only numerical values but also other non-numeric characters.
For example, if you're working with a student ID that consists of digits but also includes special characters like dashes or periods, storing it as a character data type would be more suitable. This way, you can accurately capture and manipulate the entire ID without losing any important characters.
Character data types also allow for better error handling and handling of leading zeros, which can be important in certain scenarios, such as when dealing with bank account numbers or zip codes.
In python
Type two statements. The first reads user input into person_name. The second reads user input into person_age. Use the int() function to convert person_age into an integer. Note: Do not write a prompt for the input values. Below is a sample output for the given program if the user's input is: Amy 4
In 5 years Amy will be 9
Answer:
program:
person_name = input() #input for the name of the person.
person_age = int(input()) #input for the age of the person and convert it into int.
print("In 5 years "+ person_name+" will be "+str(person_age+5)+".") # print the string.
Output:
If the user input is Go and 4 then the output is "In 5 years Go will be 9."Explanation:
The above program is in python language.The first line of the program is used to take the inputs from the user in string format by the help of input function and store it on the variable of person_name.The second line of the program is used to take the input from the user by the help of input function in the form of a string and convert it into an integer by the help of int function and store the value on the person_age.The third line of the program prints the string after adding 5 into person_age because after 5 years the age will be added into 5.The program is meant to be completed in Python. The complete program where comments are used to explain each line is as follows:
#This gets input for first name
person_name = input()
#This gets input for whole number
person_age = int(input())
#This prints the string generated
print('In 5 years,', person_name,'will be',(5+person_age))
The last line of the code uses string concatenation to join the strings before printing the output string
Learn more about python programs at:
https://brainly.com/question/22841107
Opportunities in nanotechnology apply broadly to many fields. Identify TWO areas of IT that may be impacted by its further development. Select one: a. quantum computing and telecommunications b. photolithography and genetics c. photolithography and alternative energy d. telecommunications and genetics
Answer:
a. quantum computing and telecommunications
Explanation:
Both quantum computing and telecommunications need materials with specific optical, electrical, and magnetic properties to advance, and nanotechnologies open the opportunity for nanomaterial with incredible properties. From antennas with special magnetic properties to faster optical fiber from more stable material to store qubits to super thermal insulators, nanotechnologies will change the way we build and design telecommunication systems, and it will allow us to build stable and reliable quantum computers.
Write the definition of a method named sumArray that has one parameter, an array of ints. The method returns the sum of the elements of the array as an int.
Answer: Following code is in C++
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int sumArray(int a[]) //take array as argument
{
int s=0,i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
s+=a[i]; //sums every element
return s;
}
int main() {
int sum,a[]={1,7,4,9,6};
sum=sumArray(a); //calling the function
cout<<"Sum of array is : "<<sum; //printing sum to console
return 0;
}
OUTPUT :
Sum of array is : 27
Explanation:
In the above mentioned code, an array is declared and initialized at the same time. A variable sum of int type stores sum returned the function sumArray() and then it is printed to the console. In the function sumArray(), a variable s of data type int is initialized with value 0 and a loop is executed in which every element of the array is added. At last, s is returned.
A common preprocessing step in many natural language processing tasks is text normalization, wherein words are converted to lowercase, extraneous whitespace is removed, etc. Write a function normalize(text) that returns a normalized version of the input string, in which all words have been
converted to lowercase and are separated by a single space. No leading or trailing whitespace should be present in the output.
>>> normalize("This is an example.")
'this is an example.'
>>> normalize(" EXTRA SPACE ")
'extra space'
Answer:
def normalize(text):
text = text.lower()
text = text.split()
return text
Explanation:
The functiinfunction is provided with an input text when called upon, then it changes every character in the text into lower case and split each word with a space.
Consider a program to accept and tabulate votes in an election. Who might want to attack the program? What types of harm might they want to cause? What kinds of vulnerabilities might they exploit to cause harm?
Answer:
Who might want to attack the program to accept and tabulate votes in an election?
The political opponents.
What types of harm might they want to cause?
A silent interception; an interruption a modification and a fabrication
What kinds of vulnerabilities might they exploit to cause harm?
The assets vulnerablities.
Explanation:
Political opponents might want to attack the program to accept and tabulate votes in an election to modify factual results to show them as the winners.
The harm they might want to cause is cheating the elections by copying the program, data files or wiretapping; to get the system lost, or get it unavailable or unusable with the factual data in the large dams and disable the power grids and modify the values accordingly adding the forged results.
Your program Assignment Write a program that reads a sentence as input and converts each word to "Pig Latin". In one version of Pig Latin, you convert a word by removing the first letter, placing that letter at the end of the word, and then appending "ay" to the word. Here is an Example: English: I SLEPT MOST OF THE NIGHT Pig Latin: IAY LEPTSAY OSTMAY FOAY HETAY IGHTNAY
Answer:
theSentence = input('Enter sentence: ')
theSentence = theSentence.split()
sentence_split_list =[]
for word in theSentence:
sentence_split_list.append(word[1:]+word[0]+'ay')
sentence_split_list = ' '.join(sentence_split_list)
print(sentence_split_list)
Explanation:
Using the input function in python Programming language, the user is prompted to enter a sentence. The sentence is splited and and a new list is created with this statements;
theSentence = theSentence.split()
sentence_split_list =[ ]
In this way every word in the sentence becomes an element in this list and individual operations can be carried out on them
Using the append method and list slicing in the for loop, every word in the sentence is converted to a PIG LATIN
The attached screenshot shows the code and output.
What are the first two models, e.g. diagrams that affect the entire system, that are built during the CoreProcess to discover and understand the details?
a. Workflow diagram
b. Work sequence diagram
c. Use case diagram
d. Class diagram.
e. Package diagram
f. Screen layouts
Answer:
The answer is "Option c and Option d".
Explanation:
A diagram for a case use is a UML dynamic or computational diagram, that is used in the case diagram model. It consists of a set of actions, services, and functions to be carried out by the system. and The class diagram refers to relationships between the UML classes and the source code that dependence, that is two diagrams that affect the system and others are wrong, which can be explained as follows:
In option a, It is used for business process, that's is not correct.In option b, It is used for both professionals industry like software and business, that's why it is wrong.In option e, It is used in only high-level language, that's why it is wrong.In option f, It is used to adjust its layout that's why it is wrong.
What will be the result of running the following code fragment? int year = 0; double rate = 5; double principal = 10000; double interest = 0; while (year < 10) { interest = (principal * year * rate) / 100; System.out.println("Interest " + interest); }
Answer:
This code fragment will run an infinite loop
Explanation:
This output: Interest 0.0 Will be displayed infinitely. The reason is because the variable year which is initially set to 0 is never updated and as such remains true because the condition is while(year<10). So at the first iteration the statement interest = (principal * year * rate) / 100; evaluates to 0 and this line of code System.out.println("Interest " + interest); prints Interest 0.0. At the next iteration the same evaluation and output takes place and on and on and on....... since the control variable is not changing.
Row array userGuess contains a sequence of user guesses. Assign correctGuess with true when myNumber is equal to the user guess.
Answer:
The MATLAB code is given below with appropriate comments
Explanation:
%Define the function.
function correctGuess = EvaluateGuesses(myNumber,userGuess)
%Compute the length.
l = length(userGuess);
%Create an array.
correctGuess = zeros(1, l);
%Begin the loop.
for k = 1: l
%Check the condition.
if myNumber == userGuess(k)
%Update the array correctGuess.
correctGuess(k) = 1;
%End of if.
end
%End of the function.
end
%Call the function.
EvaluateGuesses(3, [3, 4, 5])
Answer:
correctGuess = (myNumber == userGuess);
Explanation:
All you have to do is use the logical operator "==" to signify a relationship between myNumber and userGuess. Whenever the value of myNumber is equal to userGuess, MATLAB will input a "1" into the logical array. It will input a "0" when myNumber does NOT equal userGuess.
Example problem for EvaluateGuesses(3, [3, 4, 5])
correctGuess = (myNumber == userGuess);
The program checks for when 3 is equal to any number in the array userGuess. 3 only equals the first value, so the result is [1, 0, 0].
Therefore, the answer is correctGuess = (myNumber == userGuess);
(This is much simpler than what the other user said... this is most likely what your homework expects you to answer with.)
Print a message telling a user to press the letterToQuit key numPresses times to quit. End with newline. Ex: If letterToQuit = 'q' and numPresses = 2, print: Press the q key 2 times to quit.
Answer:
public class Assignment {
public static void main (String [] args) {
char letterToQuit;
int numPresses;
letterToQuit = '?';
numPresses = 2;
System.out.println("Press the " + letterToQuit +
" key " + numPresses + " times to quit.");
}
}
Explanation:
Using the Java Programming Language we implement a simple solution. Firstly you declare and assign values to the two variables needed for the program.
letterToQuit of type char and numPresses of type int We assigned the values '?' and 2 respectively to the variables, then using string concatenation the output Press the ? key 2 times to quit. is displayed with the System.out.println function
To print a message instructing the user to press a specific key a certain number of times to quit, use Python's print function with string formatting. For example, if letterToQuit is 'q' and numPresses is 2, the code will print: Press the q key 2 times to quit.
Printing a Custom Message in Python
To print a message that tells a user to press a specific key a certain number of times to quit, you can use Python's print function. Here is how you can do it step-by-step:
Store the key to quit in a variable, letterToQuit.Store the number of presses required in another variable, numPresses.Use Python's string formatting to create the desired message.Print the message using the print() function.Here's an example Python code:
letterToQuit = 'q'In this example, if letterToQuit is 'q' and numPresses is 2, the output will be:
Press the q key 2 times to quit.
This simple code illustrates the basic usage of string formatting and the print function in Python, making it easy to provide clear instructions to a user.
A(n) ______ 's main function is to help one understand the complexitites of the real-world environment.
a. database
b. entity
c. model
d. node
A database's main function is to help one understand the complexities of the real-world environment.
Describe the differences in meaning between the terms relation and relation schema.
Answer:
Relational Schema refers to meta-data elements which are used to describe structures and constraints of data representing a particular domain. A relation abide of a heading and a body. A heading is a set of attributes. A body is a set of n-tuples. The heading of the relation is also the heading of each of its tuples.
Explanation:
Defination of relation:
A relation is a property or predicate that ranges over more than one argument
A relation is defined as a set of n-tuples. In both mathematics and the relational database model, a set is an unordered collection of items. In mathematics, a tuple has an order, and allows for duplication.
Relation schema
A relation schema is a collection of meta-data that describes the relations in a database. Which is also called data base schema. This schema can be described as the “layout” of a database or the blueprint that outlines the way data is organized into table.
A "relation" is a table storing data, while a "relation schema" defines its structure, attributes, and constraints without containing data.
The terms "relation" and "relation schema" are both used in the context of relational databases, but they refer to different concepts:
1. Relation:
- In the context of databases, a relation refers to a table that stores data in rows and columns.
- Each row in a relation represents a record, and each column represents an attribute or field.
- Relations are the fundamental structures in a relational database, and they adhere to certain principles such as each cell containing a single value and rows being unique (no duplicate rows).
- Informally, a relation is often referred to as a table.
2. Relation Schema:
- A relation schema, on the other hand, defines the structure or blueprint of a relation.
- It specifies the name of the relation (table) and the attributes (columns) it contains, along with any constraints or properties associated with those attributes.
- The schema defines the data types of each attribute, any constraints on their values (such as primary keys, foreign keys, or uniqueness constraints), and other properties like nullability.
- The relation schema provides the framework for creating instances of relations (tables) within a database.
- It does not contain any actual data but rather describes the structure and properties of the data that can be stored in a relation.
In summary, while a relation represents the actual data stored in a table, a relation schema defines the structure, attributes, and constraints of that table without containing any data itself. The relation schema serves as a blueprint for creating and understanding relations within a relational database.
Which of the following should get a Page Quality (PQ) rating of Low or Lowest?
Select all that apply.
O A page with a mismatch between the location of the page and the rating location; for example, an English (UK) page for an English (US) rating task.
O A file type other than a webpage, for example: a PDF, a Microsoft Word document, or a PNG file.
O A page that gets a Didn't Load flag.
O Pages with an obvious problem with functionality or errors in displaying content.
Answer:
A page that gets a Didn't Load flag
Pages with an obvious problem with functionality or errors in displaying content
Explanation:
The main reason why a page gets Page Quality rating Low/Lowest is if it can't be shown for one reason or another.
A page with mismatch between the location of the page and the rating location, does have a mismatch but some form of a page is shown.
A file type other than a webpage displays that specific file type in a page framework, so page is shown
Other two do not show a page, so they will get a PQ rating Low/Lowest
I want to select between 5 different 2-bit inputs and output it. How many bits do I need to specify which input?
Answer:
3 select inputs are required to select a specific input between 5 inputs.
Explanation:
Multiplexer is used to select the inputs from different inputs to a single output. There are many types of multiplexers for different number of inputs selection. 1. 2x1 is the type of multiplexer where 2 inputs and 1 output. This is used to select between these inputs. There is one more pin to select the input between these two inputs that is called select input.
2. Another type is 4x1 multiplexer. There are 4 inputs and one output. In this type of multiplexer 2 select pins are used for selection of input bits between these 4 inputs.
For more than 4 inputs and less than 8 inputs, 8x1 multiplexer is used. this multiplexer uses three inputs for selection purpose.
Create an application for a library and name it FineForOverdueBooks. TheMain() method asks the user to input the number of books checked out and the number of days they are overdue. Pass those values to a method named DisplayFine that displays the library fine, which is 10 cents per book per day for the first seven days a book is overdue, then 20 cents per book per day for each additional day.
The library fine should be displayed in the following format:
The fine for 2 book(s) for 3 day(s) is $0.60
(The numbers will vary based on the input.)
Answer:
//The Scanner class is imported which allow the program to receive user input
import java.util.Scanner;
//Class Solution is defined to hold problem solution
public class Solution {
// The main method which signify the begining of program execution
public static void main(String args[]) {
// Scanner object 'scan' is defined to receive input from user keyboard
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
// A prompt is display asking the user to enter number of books
System.out.println("Please enter number of books: ");
// the user response is assigned to numberOfBook
int numberOfBook = scan.nextInt();
// A prompt is displayed asking the user to enter the number of days over due
System.out.println("Please enter number of days over due: ");
// the user response is assigned to numberOfDaysOverDue
int numberOfDaysOverDue = scan.nextInt();
//displayFine method is called with numberOfBook and numberOfDaysOverDue as arguments
displayFine(numberOfBook, numberOfDaysOverDue);
}
//displayFine method is declared having two parameters
public static void displayFine(int bookNumber, int daysOverDue){
// fine for first seven days is 10cent which is converted to $0.10
double firstSevenDay = 0.10;
// fine for more than seven days is 20cent which is converted to $0.20
double moreThanSevenDay = 0.20;
// the fine to be paid is declared
double fine = 0;
// fine is calculated in the following block
if(daysOverDue <= 7){
//the fine if the over due days is less than or equal 7
fine = bookNumber * daysOverDue * firstSevenDay;
} else{
// the extra days on top of the first seven days is calculated and assigned to extraDays
int extraDays = daysOverDue - 7;
//fine for first seven days is calculated
double fineFirstSevenDays = bookNumber * 7 * firstSevenDay;
// fine for the extradays is calculated
double fineMoreThanSevenDays = bookNumber * extraDays * moreThanSevenDay;
// the total fine is calculated by adding fine for first seven days and the extra days
fine = fineFirstSevenDays + fineMoreThanSevenDays;
}
// The total fine is displayed to the user in a nice format.
System.out.printf("The fine for " + bookNumber + " book(s) for " + daysOverDue + " day(s) is: $%.02f", fine);
}
}
Explanation:
The program first import Scanner class to allow the program receive user input. Then the class Solution was defined and the main method was declared. In the main method, user is asked for number of books and days over due which are assigned to numberOfBook and numberOfDaysOverDue. The two variable are passed as arguments to the displayFine method.
Next, the displayFine method was defined and the fine for the first seven days is calculated first if the due days is less than or equal seven. Else, the fine is calculated for the first seven days and then the extra days.
The fine is finally displayed to the user.
In this new file write a function called swapInts that swaps (interchanges) the values of two integers that it is given access to via pointer parameters. Write a main function that asks the user for two integer values, stores them in variables num1 and num2, calls the swap function to swap the values of num1 & num2, and then prints the resultant (swapped) values of the same variables num1 and num2.
Here is the C++ program to swap the values of two integers. However, let me know if you require the program in some other programming language.
Program:#include <iostream>
/*include is preprocessor directive that directs preprocessor to iostream header file that contains input output functions */
using namespace std;
// namespace is used by computer to identify cout endl cin
void swapInts(int* no1, int* no2) {
/*function swapInts definition which swaps two integer values having pointer type parameters */
int temp; //temporary variable to hold the integer values
temp = *no1; // holds the value at address of no1
*no1 = *no2; //places no2 to no1
*no2 = temp; } //places no2 to temp variable which is holding no1
int main() // enters body of the main function
{ int num1; //declares variable num1 of integer type
int num2; //declares variable num2 of integer type
cout << "Enter two integer values:" << endl;
// prompts the user to input two integer values
cin>>num1; // reads input value of num1
cin>>num2; // reads input value of num2
cout<<"The original value of num1 before swapping is = "<<num1<<endl;
/*displays the original value of integer in num1 variable before calling swapInts function*/
cout<<"The original value of num2 before swapping is = "<<num2<<endl;
/*displays the original value of integer in num2 variable before calling swapInts function*/
swapInts(&num1, &num2);
/*function call to swapInts()) function and here &num1 is address of num1 variable and &num2 is address of num2 variable */
cout << "The swapped value of num1 is = " << num1 << endl;
//displays the value of num1 after swapping
cout << "The swapped value of num2 is = " << num2 << endl; }
//displays the value of num2 integer after swapping
Output:Enter two integer values:
3
5
The original value of num1 before swapping is = 3
The original value of num2 before swapping is = 5
The swapped value of num1 is = 5
The swapped value of num2 is = 3
Explanation:This swapInts(&num1, &num2); statement calls the function swapInts() by passing the addresses of variables num1 and num2 in function call instead of the values of variables.
In simple words the function is called by passing values by pointer. For this purpose the symbol & is used which is called reference operator which is used to assign address of the variables.
So this method is called passing by pointer, which means that address of an actual argument in call to the function is copied to the formal parameters of the called function. The passed argument also gets changed with the change made to the formal parameter.
In void swapInts(int* no1, int* no2) statement no1 holds the address of num1 and no2 holds the address of num2. Also *no1 and *no2 give value stored at addresses num1 and num2.
So to obtain the value which is stored in these addresses, dereference operator "*" is being used with pointer variables *no1 and *no2.
The address of num1 and num2 is passed to this function instead of the values of num1 and num2
Now if any changes are made to *no1 and *no2 this will affect the value of num1 and num2 and their value will be changed too.
The following data segment starts at memory address 0x3600 (hexadecimal)
.data
printString BYTE "Do not add decimal to hex",0
someBytes WORD 19 DUP(0)
moreBytes BYTE 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90
questionAddr DWORD ?
ignoreMe WORD ?
What is the hexadecimal address of questionAddr?
Final answer:
To find the hexadecimal address of questionAddr, one adds the sizes of variables declared before it in the data segment starting at 0x3600. After accounting for the bytes used by printString, someBytes, and moreBytes, the address of questionAddr is calculated to be 0x364B.
Explanation:
The question asks for the hexadecimal address of the identifier questionAddr within a data segment that starts at memory address 0x3600. To calculate the address of questionAddr, we must determine the size of the variables declared before it and add that to the starting address. Here is how the memory is allocated for each variable:
printString: The BYTE declaration for the string "Do not add decimal to hex", followed by a null terminator, uses 28 bytes (26 characters + 2 for the double quote and null terminator).
someBytes: The WORD declaration with 19 DUP(0) indicates that space for 19 words is reserved, and since a word is 2 bytes, this gives us 38 bytes.
moreBytes: The BYTE declaration specifies 9 individual bytes.
Adding it all up:
Start Address: 0x3600
+ printString: 28 bytes
+ someBytes: 38 bytes
+ moreBytes: 9 bytes
= Total: 75 bytes
To get the address of questionAddr, convert the total number of bytes to hexadecimal and add it to the start address:
0x3600 + 0x004B (75 in hexadecimal) = 0x364B
Therefore, the hexadecimal address of questionAddr is 0x364B.
Develop a spreadsheet that compares the features, initial purchase price, and a two-year estimate of operating costs (paper, cartridges, and toner) for three different color laser printers. Assume that you will print 50 color pages and 100 black-and-white pages each month. Now do the same comparison for three inkjet printers. Write a brief memo on which of the six printers you would choose and why. Develop a second spreadsheet for the same printers, but this time assume that you will print 250 color pages and 500 black-and-white pages per month.
Now which of the printers would you buy and why?
Answer:
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Final answer:
To compare printers, one must evaluate initial costs and operating expenses for paper, toner, and maintenance. For lower print volumes, an inkjet may be cost-effective, but for higher volumes, a laser printer usually offers better long-term savings, with multi-function printers adding more utility.
Explanation:
To compare the features, initial purchase price, and two-year operating costs of three different color laser printers and inkjet printers, we need to consider several factors. For laser printers, the costs would include the initial cost, and operating costs like paper, cartridges, and toner. For inkjet printers, the costs include the initial cost, ink cartridges, and paper. Operating costs can be significantly influenced by the frequency of printing. We'll also need to anticipate the cost of maintenance and repairs for both types of printers.
Considering the provided printing volumes of 50 color pages and 100 black-and-white pages per month for a low usage scenario, and then 250 color pages and 500 black-and-white pages per month for a high usage scenario, a clear pattern emerges. Laser printers, although more expensive upfront, tend to have lower per-page costs and are more economical for larger print volumes. Conversely, inkjet printers are less expensive initially but can have higher operating costs due to the cost of ink replacements, especially with higher print volumes.
Given these factors, for a lower volume of printing, an inkjet printer might be more cost-effective despite the higher cost of ink. However, for higher volumes, a laser printer is likely to be more cost-efficient in the long run due to the lower cost of toner and its better capability to handle higher volumes efficiently. Additionally, multi-function printers offer added value by combining printing with scanning, faxing, and copying capabilities.
Write a program whose input is an email address, and whose output is the username on one line and the domain on the second. Example: if the input is:
pooja@piazza.com
Then the output is
username: pooja
domain: piazza.com
The main program is written for you, and cannot be modified. Your job is to write the function parseEmailAddress defined in "util.cpp" The function is called by main() and passed an email address, and parses the email address to obtain the username and domain. These two values are returned via reference parameters. Hint: use the string functions .find() and .substr(),
main.cpp is a read only file
#include
#include
using namespace std;
// function declaration:
void parseEmailAddress(string email, string& username, string& domain);
int main()
{
string email, username, domain;
cout << "Please enter a valid email address> ";
cin >> email;
cout << endl;
parseEmailAddress(email, username, domain);
cout << "username: " << username << endl;
cout << "domain: " << domain << endl;
return 0;
}
/*util.cpp*/ is the TODO file
#include
#include
using namespace std;
//
// parseEmailAddress:
//
// parses email address into usernam and domain, which are
// returned via reference paramters.
//
void parseEmailAddress(string email, string& username, string& domain)
{
//
// TODO: use .find() and .substr()
//
username = "";
domain = "";
return;
}
Answer:
1 void parseEmailAddress(string email, string& username, string& domain)
2 {
3 int found = email.find("@")
4 if (found > 0)
5 {
6 username = email.substr(0, found);
7 domain = email.substr(found+1, -1);
8 }
9 return;
10}
Explanation line by line:
We define our function.We use an open curly bracket to tell the program that we are starting to write the function down.We apply the find method to the email variable that was passed by the main program. The find method tells us where is the "@" located within the email.We use an if statement to ensure that the value that we found is positive (The value is negative if an only if "@" is not in the email address).We use an open curly bracket to tell the program that we are starting to write inside the if statement. We apply the substr method to the email to take the username; it receives a start and an end value, this allows us to take from the beginning of the email (position 0) until the "@". We apply the substr method to the email to take the domain; it receives the position of the "@" character plus one to take the first letter after the "@" and a minus-one representing the last character on the email.We use a closing curly bracket to tell the program that the if statement has finished.We return nothing because we are using reference parameters, which means that the memory positions of username and domain are going to be filled by our parseEmailAddress function and the main function can access those values directly.We use a closing curly bracket to tell the program that the function has finished.
The term which refers to the attempt to gain unauthorized access to systems and computers used bya telephone company to operate its telephone network is a _____.Select one:a. Phone hackerb. Hacktivistc. commh@ck3rd. phreaker
Answer: Phreaker
Explanation:
Phreaker is defined as the unauthorized attack on authorized communication system for stealing and manipulation phone networks.
Exploring,searching and identifying telecommunication field with help of technologies,equipment,tools etc is done to exploit the system and resources .Other options are incorrect because phone hacking is attacking phone device, commh@ck3r is also hacking source and hacktivist hacks system to impact social and political field.Thus, the correct option is option(d)