While a relatively inefficient mode of transmission, _____________ accounts for 90% of HIV infections worldwide.

not an answere but im looking for the same one

Answer:

C. deoxyribose.. Hope that helps :)

Answer: Deductive reasoning

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Final answer:

The given statement is an example of deductive reasoning, using the classification of animals in biology, specifically the characteristic of having a vertebral column, to conclude that turtles have backbones.

Explanation:

The statement 'If all vertebrates have backbones, and turtles are vertebrates, then turtles have backbones' is an example of deductive reasoning. This kind of reasoning starts with a general statement or hypothesis and examines the possibilities to reach a specific, logical conclusion. This is represented in biology when we classify organisms based on their characteristics. For example, all vertebrates exhibit certain traits such as a vertebral column, which includes the backbone. Since turtles are classified as vertebrates, they must have a backbone as well. This logical progression from the general to the specific is a hallmark of deductive reasoning.

Answer:

Gate theory of pain

Explanation:

Final answer:

The gate control theory of pain suggests that the competition between touch fibers and pain receptors can prevent pain messages from reaching the brain. Touch activates larger nerve fibers to close the 'gate' to pain. The brain's endorphin release and the descending pain modulatory system also play roles in pain perception.

Explanation:

The theory that suggests that input from touch fibers competes with input from pain receptors, possibly preventing pain messages from reaching the brain, is known as the gate control theory of pain. This theory was proposed by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall and posits the presence of a 'gate' in the spinal cord. According to this theory, touch or massage can activate larger nerve fibers which then block the signals from smaller pain fibers, effectively closing the gate to pain and preventing the pain signals from ascending to the brain.

The gate control theory helps to explain why distracting activities or focusing on touch rather than the source of pain can sometimes provide relief. In addition to the gate mechanism, the brain's release of endorphins can also modulate our perception of pain, acting as natural painkillers.

Modern research continues to explore the descending pain modulatory system, which consists of complex brain structures that can influence the perception of pain, demonstrating pain's subjective and multifaceted nature.

Coal, water, and wood are best described as natural resources. Coal is non-renewable, whereas water and wood can be renewable if properly managed, making 'natural resources' the umbrella term that accurately categorizes all three.

The question asks which term best describes coal, water, and wood. The best answer is D, natural resources. Natural resources are materials or substances that occur in the natural environment and can be used for economic gain. They are divided into two main categories: renewable and non-renewable resources. Coal is a non-renewable resource, as it does not regenerate at a rate that can sustain its consumption. Water and wood, however, can be considered renewable resources if managed properly; water cycles through the environment, and forests can be replanted and replenished. Therefore, the inclusion of both renewable and non-renewable items in the list points to the broader category of natural resources as the correct answer.

D) Natural resources - Coal, water, and wood are naturally occurring substances essential for various human activities and ecosystem functioning.

Coal, water, and wood are all examples of natural resources. Natural resources are materials or substances that occur naturally in the environment and are used by humans for various purposes. Coal is a fossil fuel formed from the remains of plants that lived millions of years ago.

Water is a vital resource that occurs naturally in lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater, and is essential for life and various human activities. Wood comes from trees and is used for construction, fuel, and various other purposes.

These resources are considered natural because they are not created by human intervention but rather exist naturally in the environment. While some natural resources, like wood, can be renewable if managed sustainably, others, like coal, are non-renewable and finite in supply.

However, all of these resources are fundamentally derived from natural processes and are essential for supporting human civilization and the functioning of ecosystems.

The correct option is D) natural resources.

Answer:

The cumulative biological war and tear that results from responses to stress that to main body equilibrium is known as Allostatic load

Explanation:

This condition results from excess cycle of response as they want to maintain allostasis  when different environmental challenge takes place.In such cases, imbalance occur in those hormones( glucocorticoid, catecholamine,cytokines) which are responsible for stress.Chronic dysregulation causes cumulative physiological risk and causes disease by damaging the tissue and major organ system.

Answer:

The correct answer is C) arachnoid mater.

Explanation:

Arachnoid mater, along with pia mater and dura mater, form the meninges, a very thick membrane that protects the brain and the spinal cord. The arachnoid mater is in the middle of the other two layers and it is very important since it holds the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in its interior. Arachnoid mater has finger-like projections that enter the dural venous sinuses and are called arachnoid villi. These villi are responsible for the diffusion of CSF into the blood.

Answer: The client may have ruptured ventricular septa because of MI which may cause cardiogenic pulmonary edema.

Explanation:

When the heart is not able to beat properly and propel the blood forward into the body through aorta, blood can regurgitate into the lungs through pulmonary veins. Due to inceeased backup pressure in the veins, fluid may leak out of the vessels and therefore can be accumulated in the air spaces causing edema. This cardiogenic pulmonary edema causes dyspnea.

Answer:

Making frequent purchases of expensive clothing that she never wears

Explanation:

The anterior pituitary releases LH and FSH as part of the positive feedback loop with the ovary, triggered by high levels of estrogen leading to ovulation.

The hormone released by the anterior pituitary as a part of the positive feedback loop between it and the ovary is LH (Luteinizing Hormone) and FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone). This occurs when the dominant follicle in the ovary secretes a large amount of estrogen, which in normal cases would exert a negative feedback. However, when estrogen levels are extremely high, they instead trigger a positive feedback loop, causing the anterior pituitary to release significant amounts of LH and FSH into the bloodstream. This event predominantly happens during the ovulation phase of the menstrual cycle, signaling one of the key steps that lead to ovulation.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is released by the anterior pituitary in the positive feedback loop between it and the ovary.

Let's break down the options:

A) Progesterone: Progesterone is not released by the anterior pituitary; it is primarily produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary.

B) Luteinizing hormone (LH): LH is indeed released by the anterior pituitary and plays a crucial role in the positive feedback loop between the anterior pituitary and the ovary during the menstrual cycle.

C) Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH): GnRH is released by the hypothalamus, not the anterior pituitary. It stimulates the release of LH and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary.

D) Estrogen: Estrogen is primarily produced by the developing follicles in the ovary, not the anterior pituitary.

E) Gonadotropin: This term refers to hormones that stimulate the gonads (ovaries and testes), such as LH and FSH. "Gonadotropin" alone does not specify a particular hormone released by the anterior pituitary.

Therefore, the correct answer is: B) Luteinizing hormone

Luteinizing hormone (LH) is released by the anterior pituitary as part of the positive feedback loop between it and the ovary during the menstrual cycle.

The complete question is here:

Which of the following hormones is released by the anterior pituitary as a part of that positive feedback loop between it and the ovary?

A) Progesterone

B) Luteinizing hormone

C) Gonadotropin releasing hormone

D) Estrogen

E) Gonadotropin

Answer: Drug abuse

Explanation:

Repeated use of a drug or alcohol to the point of periodic or chronic intoxication that is detrimental to the user or society is called drug abuse or substance abuse.

Substance abuse or drug misuse, is use of a drug or substances in overdose amounts that for the purpose of intoxication or mood alteration. Most drugs abused have properties that are sedative, stimulants among many other properties.

Drug misuse have detrimental and adverse effects on both the individual and the society at large

Two questions have been asked, and responded to

Answer:

For question 1: The statement is true

For question 2: Yes, the two wild roses are of the same population

Explanation:

Population is simply the total number of organisms of the same species LIVING and BREEDING together in a given area.

I) To be considered part of the same population, two of more organisms MUST BE able to mate i.e produce gametes that are viable enough to fuse together and create new offsprings.

2) Yes! Two wild roses separated by a wide road belong to the SAME POPULATION because

- it is still a given area or habitat

- transfer of pollen grains by agents such as wind or insects is possible, thus breeding still occurs.

1: The statement is true

2: Yes, the 2 wild roses are of the identical population

When the Population is just the overall number of organisms of the identical species LIVING and also BREEDING together in an exceedingly given area.

I) Then To be considered a part of the identical population that two or more organisms MUST BE able to mate that's produce gametes that are viable enough to fuse and make new off-springs.

2) Yes! When Two wild roses separated by a good road belong to the identical POPULATION because it's still a given area or habitat transfer of pollen grains by agents like wind or insects is feasible, thus breeding still occurs.

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Answer:

b. Somatic

Explanation:

The somatic nervous system is one of the divisions of the peripheral nervous system. The somatic nervous system delivers the motor information from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles only. The skeletal muscles generate the responses which are consciously controlled. Therefore, the somatic nervous system regulates the voluntary movements of the body.

So, the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles such as the movement of limbs during walking, smelling a flower, pedaling, etc. are regulated by the neurons of somatic division.

Answer:

c. Aa Bb

Explanation:

The parents were pure breeding with genotypes AAbb and aaBB. A cross between AAbb and aaBB would produce AaBb genotypes in F1 progeny. Two F1 strains would be crossed to produce F2 progeny. The F2 progeny would have the genotype ratio= 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1.

Out of all the obtained genotypes in the F2 generation, the proportion of "AaBb" genotype was 4/16. Therefore, "4" in the given ratio represents the genotype "AaBb".

Answer:

Maria noticed a positive correlation

Explanation:

Correlation is used to measure the extend to which two or more variables  are related.

It can be positive where one variable increases when the other increases.

Negative where the increase of one aspect decrease the other variable.

Lastly, no correlation means there is no relationship between the two variables hence a change in one will not affect the other.

In the case of maria, there is a positive correlation between having more energy the next day and her dancing.

Answer:

Explanation:

•Variation: Organism shows variation within a population, these variation could be body size, facial marks, hair color, number of offspring, etc. Also some features shows little or no variation, for example the number of eyes a vertebrate have, etc

•Inheritance: Certain traits are always passed from parents to their offsprings, these traits are called HERITABLE TRAITS. But traits that are exhibited as a result of an environment are termed weak heritable traits.

•High rate of population growth: When the number of offsprings produced in a year is greater than the resources within an environment, such population will experience high rate of mortality.

•Differential Survival and reproduction: The ability possessed by an individual to struggle for survival within it's environment will give rise to more offspring in the next generation.

Answer:

C. An organism must copy its DNA to pass genetic information to its offspring

Explanation:

Without the copying of the DNA life would not continue as existing organisms would not be able to reproduce and replace themselves.

Answer:

Corpus callosum

Explanation:

Corpus callosum is the red part of the brain that has a “C” shape. The corpus callosum, which is made up of over 200 million of neural fibers, links both hemispheres of the brain (the left and right brain) together, which allows for coordination and complex communication between both in order for the brain to function properly.

This structure usually starts forming about 12 weeks after conception of a child, and continues to develop up to about 12 years of age of the child.  

The main function of the corpus callosum is the ensuring of uninterrupted flow of information, and the integration of complex information and tasks such as motor, sensory and cognitive functions between both hemispheres of the brain.

Answer:

ATP is used in the cell to transfer energy True. 2. When ATP is used in a reaction, the last phosphate is transferred to the substrate True. 3. Once phosphates are released from ATP they can be added back in an endergonic reaction True. 4. The Gibbs free energy for the conversion of ATP to ADP is water .

Answer: population, community, ecosystem and biosphere

Explanation:

In ecological organization, the smallest level is Organism level (a unit representative).

Population level comes next after the Organism level. Population refers to the total number of organisms of the same species inhabiting a geographical area.

Then, Community level comes next after population level. A refers to group of plants, animals and other living components functioning in their non-living environment.

Ecosystem level is the next after community level. An ecosystem refers to the aggregate of living organisms interacting with the non-living components in an environment.

Lastly, Biosphere is the highest level in ecological organization. Biosphere refers to the part of the earth where living organisms occupies.

Answer: Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome and biosphere .

Explanation:

The levels of ecological organization are individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome and biosphere . They describe the arrangement of biological organisms in relation to each other, being a classification and organization of the various ecosystems. These ecosystems can be studied at small or large levels. At the simplest level of the hierarchy are the individual organisms, where interactions with other organisms are not considered. As the hierarchy has moved upwards, environmentalists have found more complex ways to describe the relationships between organisms. These culminate in the biosphere, which describes the totality of all living things on planet Earth.

Answer:

1.Energy unidirectionally flows through an ecosystem, whereas matter generally cycles within an ecosystem.

Explanation:

In an ecosystem, energy from the organisms of one trophic level to that of next occurs by the process of feeding. The flow of energy follows a unidirectional path which means that energy from producers is carried to the primary consumers, secondary consumers and so on. It does not flow in reverse direction (from consumers to producers).

On the other hand, matter such as carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. are cycled via various biogeochemical cycles. For instance, plants intake carbon from the air in the form of CO2 and form organic nutrients. These organic nutrients carry the carbon from plants to herbivores and then to the consumers of higher trophic levels. However, when plants and consumers die, the carbon present in their tissues is decomposed and is released back to the surroundings. In this way, the carbon cycle cycles carbon in an ecosystem.

In an ecosystem, energy flows unidirectionally, starting from the sun to producers, then consumers. On the other hand, matter like carbon, nitrogen, or water is cycled within the ecosystem, passing through various living organisms and the physical environment.

In an ecosystem, energy and matter interact in very different ways. Firstly, energy flows unidirectionally through an ecosystem. This means it is transferred from the sun to producers (like plants) in the form of light energy, which these organisms then convert into chemical energy via photosynthesis. Herbivores, or primary consumers, then eat these plants and take in this energy. This energy is subsequently transferred up the food chain as these herbivores are eaten by carnivores, and so on. However, with each transfer, some energy is lost to the environment as heat, making for a one-way flow.

On the other hand, matter cycles within an ecosystem. This encompasses components such as carbon, nitrogen, and water, which are recycled through living organisms and the physical environment. For example, plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere for photosynthesis. When they are consumed by animals, this carbon is incorporated into their bodies. Once these organisms die and decompose, the carbon is released back into the soil or atmosphere, completing the cycle.

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Answer: Difficult temperament.

Explanation:

Difficult temperament in children is a situation where by a child shows characteristic features such as withdrawal, negative mood, high intensity, low regularity.

Raising children with difficult temperament can be very difficult, starting from infancy, such babies cry a lot, very hard and loudly, they are not easily soothe, they are difficult to get to sleep or even to stay asleep. They are also referred to as colic or high needs babies. One major way to deal with children who have difficult temperament is by not being emotional and instinctive in responding to them, the temperament of such children should be studied, and also their behaviour should not be taken personally.

Inhibitory neurotransmitters such as glycine and GABA make a postsynaptic cell harder to depolarize by allowing "an influx of Cl-".

Explanation:

The neurotransmitters which have inhibitory influence on the neuron are termed as "Inhibitory neurotransmitters". The major inhibitory neurotransmitters involve serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain and brain stem (spinal cord) respectively.

GABA uptake is temperature and ion-dependent as require both [tex]N a^{+}[/tex] and [tex]C l^{-}[/tex]. Even glycine transporters are also members of the large family of [tex]N a^{+} / C l^{-}[/tex] dependent neurotransmitter transporters. Both of them with the GABA transporters share approximately 50% sequence identity.

Answer: 1. Chloroplast: food-making body

2. DNA: genes are made of this substance

3. Nucleus:  cell headquarters

4. Mitochondria: body that releases energy from foods

5. Cell wall: layers of cellulose outside the cell

Explanation:

Chloroplasts are the cell organelle that helps in food-making. Present only in plants.The DNA which means DeoxyriboNucleic Acid is the carrier of genetic information. Genes are made of DNA. The Nucleus is referred to as the cell headquarters; it is the central and most important part of an cell. Mitochondria is the power house of the cell; it is the body that releases energy from foods. The Cell wall is a layer of cellulose outside the cell.

Answer:

The correct option is d) 21 has an extra chromosome

Explanation:

The complete array of chromosomes that an individual possesses is known as the karyotype of the individual. Humans have 46 chromosomes  which make up 23 pairs.

In the karyotype shown in the picture, the 21st pair has an extra chromosome. Such a condition is known as Down's Syndrome.  In such a person, the mental ability of the person is influenced and he usually suffers from mental disabilities. The facial features of such a person also are different.

This human karyotype is unusual because chromosome set 21 has an extra chromosome (option d).

In conclusion, this human karyotype is unusual because chromosome set 21 has an extra chromosome (option d).

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Answer:

Answer is spleen.

Explanation:

Spleen is an organ in the body, and responsible for various actions like blood purification, removal of damaged blood cells and production of white blood cell.

Splenic sequestation is a situation where the spleen becomes enlarged. And this is common to sickle cell anemia people, especially the children. That is , the shape of the red blood cells are sickle.

In this case , the spleen becomes bigger , and the amount of oxygenated blood cells in the body are reduced.

Answer:

Pr. (male) = 0.49

Explanation:

                  A                   B                   C                   TOTAL

male           5                   18                   8                   31

female        9                   7                   16                   32

TOTAL        14                 25                 24                  63  

Now to find the probability that the student got a 'C' given they are male, we need to know the total numbers of males(i.e no of required outcomes) which = 31

also the total number of the group of students(i.e total no of possible outcomes) = 63

∴ Since Probability = [tex]\frac{no of required outcomes}{total no of possible outcomes}[/tex]

we have Pr (male) =  [tex]\frac{31}{63}[/tex]

=0.49

Answer:

uracil, adenine, cytosine

Explanation:

The anticodon of tRNA binds to the triplet codon of mRNA. Adenine of tRNA would pair with uracil of mRNA codon. Uracil of the tRNA anticodon would pair with adenine of the mRNA codon. Similarly, the guanine of the tRNA anticodon binds to the cytosine of the mRNA codon. The codons of mRNA are read from 5' to the 3' direction. And the polarity of the anticodon of tRNA is opposite to that of the mRNA codons. Therefore, if a tRNA anticodon has a sequence of "Adenine, Uracil, Guanine", it would pair with the mRNA codon with a sequence "uracil, adenine, cytosine".

Answer:Uracil, Adenine,Guanine

Explanation: we have two nitrogenous base in both DNA and RNA this includes purine and pyrimidine.

Purine includes-Adenine and Thyamine or Uracil as in case of RNA while pyrimidine includes cytosine and guanine. Purine base pairs with pyrimidine base in both RNA and DNA i.e

Adenine-Thyamine/Uracil

Cytosine- Guanine.

For this question the pairing includes,

Adenine-Uracil(RNA)

Uracil-Adenine

Cytosine-Guanine

Answer:

The correct answer is- hyphae

Explanation:

Most multicellular fungi form thread-like filaments called hyphae. When these hyphae come together and fuse with each other they form mycelium.

This mycelium makes the body of multicellular fungi and because they are spread to longer distance they help in the absorption of water and nutrients for the fungi.

These mycelia are also responsible for secreting hydrolytic enzymes which play an important role in the decomposition of organic matter which is then absorbed by the fungi. Therefore the correct answer is hyphae.

Fungi are organized into thread-like structures known as hyphae. These hyphae, when grouped, form mycelia which enables fungi to perform various biological functions.

Multicellular fungi are composed of thread-like structures called hyphae, which group together to form mycelia. This organization allows fungi to perform essential tasks and function as a united entity. The grouped structure of the hyphae, the mycelium, is like the root system of the fungi, providing an expanded surface area for nutrient absorption. They play a distinctive role in decomposition and nutrient cycling and perform specific functions like nutrient absorption, reproduction, and growth.

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Answer:

Answer is A. returns.

Explanation:

Negative feedback is a situation where the result , outcome or end product of a system stabilize the input or stimulus of that same system.

Examples of negative feedback homeostasis and blood sugar regulation.

In blood sugar regulation, the glucagon tends to increase or raises the blood glucose when the level is low, while the insulin lower the blood glucose when the level is high.

Negative feedback mechanisms in physiological systems work to return a value back to its set point or normal limit by reversing changes, thereby maintaining stability in the system.

In the context of physiological systems, the correct answer to the question would be 'A. returns'. Negative feedback mechanisms work to return a physiological value back to its set point or normal limit. This is because negative feedback systems act to counteract changes and maintain balance in the system. For example, if the body temperature rises, mechanisms such as sweating are initiated to decrease the temperature back to its normal limit. Thus, negative feedback works to maintain stability in a system by reversing any deviations from the set point.

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