Answer: The correct answer is option A)
G-C base pairs have three hydrogen bonds while A-T base pairs have two hydrogen bonds.
Explanation:
The double helix of DNA is held together by hydrogen bonds between pairs of bases. . Guanine pair with Cytosine base with three hydrogen bonds while Adenine pair with Thymine with two hydrogen bonds.
This makes the base sequence of the DNA complimentary
Which of the following documents must be given to every patient or patient's caregiver before administration of a vaccine
covered under the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act (NCVIA)?
Answer:
Vaccine Information Statement (VIS)
Explanation:
Based on the information provided within the question it can be said that the document that must be given in these scenarios is the Vaccine Information Statement (VIS). This is a document made by the CDC that explains all the benefits and risks of a vaccine to vaccine recipients, and is mandatory that this document is provided to every patient or patient's caregiver/legal guardian before administering the vaccine.
Ovoviviparous species are distinguished by what trait? Ovoviviparous species are distinguished by what trait? Offspring are nourished via a placenta prior to live birth. Offspring receive nourishment from the male parent. Offspring are nourished via the egg's yolk and then hatch from eggs. Offspring are nourished via the egg's yolk prior to live birth.
Answer: Offspring are nourished via the egg's yolk prior to live birth.
Explanation:
Ovoviviparous species are distinguished from other species like viviparous and oviparous, as offspring resulting from the fertilization of male sex cell and female sex cell because it
- grows in an egg shell, and derives nourishment from Egg's yolk
- are delivered out of their parents (as live birth) when eggs finally hatch inside their bodies
- occurs in very FEW animals like reptiles eg snakes
Answer: Offspring are nourished via the egg's yolk prior to live birth.
Explanation: After eggs are retained, they hatch in the female body and released live.
Community constituencies of a local health department (lhd) include
the land mass in the geographic
region served by the LHD.
After an RNA molecule is transcribed from a eukaryotic gene, what is removed and what is spliced together to produce an mRNA molecule with a continuous coding sequence?a) operators; promoters. b) exons; introns. c) silencers; enhancers.
d) introns; exons. e) promoters; operators.
Answer:d)introns; exons
Explanation:Introns are the non-coding portion of the DNA. They do not code for a gene that can be expressed hence the need for them to be removed from the coding genes(Exons). The exons are then joined together after the introns have been removed to create a sequence of amino acids.
Who would have been MOST likely to claim that a slight protrusion in a certain region of someone's skull would indicate that the individual had an optimistic personality?A. AristotleB. Santiago Ramón y CajalC. William JamesD. Franz Gall
Answer:
D. Franz Gall
Explanation:
Franz Gall was a German neuroanatomist and a physiologist. He began the study of the localization of mental functions in the brain.
Claimed the founder of PHRENOLOGY, i.e., the measurement of bumps on the skull to predict mental traits and personality.
Gall came with the idea that a someone's personality could be determined by the shape of their skull. So a slight protrusion in a certain region of someone's skull, changing the shape of it, would indicate that the individual had an optimistic personality.
What is the difference between heterotrophs and autotrophs
Answer:
Autotrophs can make there own food but heterotrophs are dependent on other organisms for getting food.
Explanation:
Autotrophs are the organism that is capable of synthesizing their own food for example plants which makes their food by using sun energy by the process of photosynthesis.
Heterotrophs are the organisms that are not able to make their food on their own and are dependent on others for getting nutrition for example animals.
Autotrophs are primary producers and heterotrophs are dependent on primary producers directly or indirectly to get nutrition.
The primary difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs lies in their methods of acquiring energy.
Autotrophs are capable of producing their own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis, typically using sunlight or inorganic chemical reactions to create organic compounds, whereas heterotrophs must consume other organisms or organic substances to obtain energy and the necessary nutrients for survival.
Autotrophs, such as plants and some bacteria, are fundamental to ecosystems as they synthesize organic molecules from simple inorganic substances like water and carbon dioxide. This process often involves photosynthesis, where sunlight is used, or chemosynthesis where chemical reactions are the energy source. This ability makes them the primary producers in food chains. On the other hand, heterotrophs, which include animals, fungi, and most bacteria, are consumers or decomposers that rely on the consumption of autotrophs (or other heterotrophs) for energy. They perform catabolism to break down complex organic molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy that is used for vital processes, including growth and reproduction. The relationship between these two groups is indispensable for the flow of energy within an ecosystem, positioning autotrophs at the base of the food web and heterotrophs at various levels above, depending on their diet.
In what way does the interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting (nonconducting) neuron differ from the external environment? The interior is ________.
Select one:
a. positively charged and contains more sodium
b. positively charged and contains less sodium
c. negatively charged and contains less sodium
d. negatively charged and contains more sodium
Answer: option C) negatively charged and contains less sodium
Explanation:
In the absence of any stimulus, a neuron is said to be resting. During this time, more positively charged potassium ions (K+) than sodium ions (Na+) occupy the interior of its cell membrane, whereas more sodium ions than potassium occupies the exterior - making the cell membrane to be electrically Polarized with net positive charge outside and a net negative charge inside the cell membrane.
Thus, the interior is negatively charged and contains less sodium ions
The interior surface of a resting (nonconducting) neuron's cell membrane is negatively charged and contains less sodium, an ion distribution effect of sodium-potassium pump.
Explanation:The interior surface of a cell membrane of a resting, nonconducting neuron differs from the external environment in that it is negatively charged and contains less sodium. This is because of the distribution of various ions across the neural membrane at rest, largely due to the action of the sodium-potassium pump and various ion channels. Sodium ions are more concentrated outside the neuron, while potassium ions are more concentrated inside. This uneven distribution creates the negative charge within the neuron.
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A person who eats excessively and never seems to feel full may have which of the following conditions? a) Too much insulin b) Tumor in the hypothalamus c) Stomach bypass surgery d) Tumor in the hippocampus e) Too much of the hormone PYY.
Answer:
Tumor in the hypothalamus. (Ans. B)
Explanation:
Hypothalamus is known as the small part of the brain which is situated at the base of the brain. It's very small in structure but plays an important role in the human body such as:
1) Releasing hormones.
2) Body temperature regulation.
3) Managing sexual behavior.
4) Managing daily physiological cycles.
Hunger triggering hormone also released by the hypothalamus which is known as orexin. Tumor in the hypothalamus can trigger the secretion of orexin hormone which makes the person eats excessively and never seems to feel full.
Answer:
B) A tumor in the hypothalamus
Explanation:
A tissue has many layers and the cells have all kinds of shapes. They are columnar at the bottom, cuboidal in the middle, and squamous at the top. What would we call this tissue?
Answer: Transitional epithelium
Explanation:
Transitional epithelium is a kind of stratified epithelium which consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can expand and contract.
It lines the organs of the urinary system and is also known as urothelium.
The expansion and contraction of this tissue is to provide distension to the tissues. The shape of the transitional epithelium varies as it is columnar at bottom, squamous at top and cuboidal in the middle.
________ is a process in which mitochondria formed when bacteria taken into a host cell gained nutrients and shelter, and the host cell gained ability to synthesize glucose
Answer:
Endosymbiosis
Explanation:
The endosymbiosis concept explains that the origin of membrane-bound organelles present in the eukaryotes occurred when some prokaryotic organisms started a symbiotic association with another prokaryote. Accordingly, mitochondria evolved when an anaerobic prokaryotic cell acquired aerobic bacteria as a symbiont. The symbiont lived inside the host cell and the host cell could form the process of aerobic cellular respiration. The purple bacteria are supposed to be the endosymbiont involved in the origin of mitochondria.
The process through which mitochondria are formed is called endosymbiosis. It is suggested that a host cell engulfed bacteria, which later evolved into mitochondria. The host cell and bacteria mutually benefited from this arrangement.
Explanation:This process is called endosymbiosis, a key theory in biology that explains how structures such as mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved. The theory suggests that these organelles evolved from bacteria that were engulfed by a host cell. Over time, these bacteria became integrated into the cell and evolved into mitochondria. The host cell provided protection and nutrients to the bacteria, and in return, the bacteria helped the host cell synthesize glucose, an essential molecule for energy storage and transfer.
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When a person level of physical activity changes the circulatory system supplies body cell with amounts of nutrients and oxygen that are appropriate to sustain the new levy of activity. This statement illustrates the concept of
This statement illustrates the concept of Homeostasis.
Explanation:
When there exists an ability to balance between the internal factors and the external factors when there occurs a change in the environment is known as Homeostasis. It is the ability of balancing both the factors. It is present in human, plants and animals.
In human it is called as Homeostasis. and in animals and plants it is adaptation. This is very essential for the organisms to survive. Without this ability, all living organisms will face threat of death. Thus in the given statement the energy and the nutrients are supplied by the circulatory system in response to a change which is a physical exercise. thus it acts as an example of Homeostasis.
The correct concept illustrated by the statement is homeostasis.
Homeostasis is the ability of a living organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. When a person's level of physical activity changes, their body must adjust to meet the new demands for nutrients and oxygen by the cells. The circulatory system responds by increasing or decreasing the blood flow to various tissues, ensuring that cells receive the appropriate amounts of nutrients and oxygen to sustain the new level of activity. This is a classic example of homeostatic regulation, where the body's internal mechanisms work to maintain a balance, or homeostasis, in response to external stimuli or changes in physiological needs.
The circulatory system's response is mediated by several factors, including the release of hormones like adrenaline, changes in heart rate, and dilation or constriction of blood vessels. These adjustments ensure that tissues receive the necessary substances to perform at the required level of activity, whether it's increased during exercise or decreased during rest. This dynamic regulation is crucial for maintaining the body's overall equilibrium, which is the essence of homeostasis.
A massive cleaver is more effective for chopping vegetables than an equally sharp knife because of which of newton's laws?
Answer:
Newton's 1st Law
Explanation:
A knife is surely sharp but the cleaver requires less force as compared to the knife because of it's advanced design strategy. A knife can only chop one at a time but a cleaver is of more mass that means less force on a unit area is required to chop down the vegetables. If a arrangement of knives is so that they can perform simultaneously than they will require less time to get the jo done.
Final answer:
A massive cleaver is more effective due to Newton's second law of motion, as the greater force from the heavier cleaver results in more effective chopping.
Explanation:
A massive cleaver is more effective for chopping vegetables than an equally sharp knife because of Newton's second law of motion. According to this law, the change of motion of a body is proportional to and in the direction of the force acting on it. This means that when you use a heavier cleaver, the force exerted on the vegetables upon impact is greater, making it more effective in chopping through them, assuming both the cleaver and knife are equally sharp.
Most traits are governed by a combination of gene pairs rather than a single pair of genes. this is called __________.
Answer:
Polygenic inheritance
Explanation:
In polygenic inheritance, one characteristic or trait is controlled by a combination of two or more than two genes. As several genes control a trait in a polygenic trait therefore there are many possible phenotype is possible in this situation.
In humans, examples of polygenic traits are eye color, hair color, skin color, height, body shape, body weight, etc. There is equal influence of gene which are contributing to a trait in polygenic inheritance. So complete dominance is not seen in polygenic traits. Therefore the correct answer is polygenic inheritance.
Most traits are governed by a combination of gene pairs rather than a single pair of genes. This is called polygenic inheritance.
Polygenic traits often display a wide range of phenotypic variation due to the cumulative effects of multiple genes. Each gene involved typically has a small effect on the trait.
The combined effects of these genes result in a continuous spectrum of possible trait variations, leading to a bell-shaped distribution when plotted, often resembling a normal distribution or bell curve.
Furthermore, environmental factors can also influence the expression of polygenic traits, adding an additional layer of complexity.
The interaction between genetic factors and the environment can significantly influence the final phenotype.
Understanding polygenic inheritance is vital in various fields, including genetics, medicine, agriculture, and evolutionary biology.
Traits like human height, skin color, susceptibility to certain diseases, and intelligence are examples of polygenic traits.
These traits result from the combined influence of multiple genes and environmental factors, making them challenging to study and predict accurately.
Advancements in genetic research and technologies like genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled a better understanding of polygenic inheritance, shedding light on the genetic basis of complex traits and diseases, which is crucial for developing targeted treatments and interventions.
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Cancer is a multistep process usually occurring over many years. The first step in the initiation process is thought to be caused by_________.
Answer:
Answer is genetic mutation in the growth regulatory genes.
Explanation:
Cancer is a disease cause by accumulated damage occurring to genes or continuous division of abnormal cells in the body. This may occur due to exposure to substances that are cancerous.
It can be be treated by a method known as chemotherapy.
There are some food items that can lower the risk of cancer in the body. These include berries, nuts, carrots , broccoli among others.
Note that cancer can spread to other parts of the body through lymph system and blood.
Two individuals both have depression, but they have experienced different genetic predispositions, different levels of self-esteem, and different affiliations with peers that have led to the depression. This is an example of____________.
Final answer:
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Two individuals both have depression, but they have experienced different genetic predispositions, different levels of self-esteem, and different affiliations with peers that have led to the depression. This is an example of differential susceptibility.
Explanation:
This example illustrates the concept of differential susceptibility, which suggests that genetic factors create varying degrees of responsiveness to environmental experiences in the development of conditions like depression. Two individuals with depression may have different genetic predispositions, levels of self-esteem, and social interactions, all of which can influence their susceptibility to depression. The interaction of these factors is key to understanding why even similar stressful life events can lead to different outcomes. Caspi et al. (2003) found that variations in the 5-HTTLPR gene, which influences serotonin levels, can make an individual more or less likely to develop depression after experiencing stressful events. This interaction between genetic makeup and environmental factors, known in part as the diathesis-stress model, explains why individuals have distinct experiences with depression.
Imagine that you have found the remnants of a robin's egg on the ground. From your biology course, you know that this eggshell is composed of calcium. What else can be said of this eggshell?
Answer:
The birds are oviparous in nature and produces eggs that are hatched later by the parent. the egg hatching require proper heat and protection from the external enemy.
The egg shell is the hard covering of the egg of the bird that is made of the calcium. The egg shell protect the egg from the external environment. The calcium layer for the egg shell formation is obtained by the oseteoclast property of the cells.
When his husband turns out the light at night, Rodney cannot see anything at all in his bedroom. After a while his eyes adjust and he can see some shapes in the darkness of the room, but he cannot see any colors. Which sensory receptors are responsible for processing his ability to see objects in the darkness?
Answer:
rod photoreceptors
Explanation:
The retina of the eye has 2 types of sensory receptors or photoreceptors. They are the rod cells and the cone cells. The rod cells mostly found at the outer edge of the retina of the eye, which are numerous and more sensitive compared to the cone cells. The cone photoreceptors are found in the macula.
The rod photoreceptors are responsible for night vision mainly and function in dim light or less intense light, while the cone receptors are responsible for color sensitivity.
The rod photoreceptors are responsible for processing his ability to see objects in the darkness.
Like DNA, RNA is a long string of nucleotides encased in a large molecule. However, there are three aspects of its structure that makes it different from DNA. What are these aspects? (Select all that apply.)You Selected:RNA is a single-stranded molecule.The sugar in each nucleotide of RNA is ribose.RNA’s thymine base is replaced by urcil
Answer:
All of the listed aspects are correct
Explanation:
Deoxyribosenucleic acid and Ribosenucleic acid are the two nucleic acids. They are polymers made up of nucleotide monomers. Both DNA are composed of
sequence of nucleotides but they have three main structural differences. They are:
1. Unlike DNA that has a double-helical structure formed by the hydrogen bonds that link two complementary nucleotide bases, the RNA is a composed of nucleotide sequence in a single shorter strand.
2. In the RNA molecule, one of the components that makes up its building block (nucleotide) is a five-carbon sugar called Ribose. In the DNA molecule, one oxygen atom is deficient in the sugar, hence the sugar in the DNA is called Deoxyribose.
3. Another component of the nucleotide that makes up the RNA and DNA structure are the nitrogenous bases, which are four in number viz: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and either Thymine or Uracil depending on the nucleic acid. Thymine only occurs in DNA while Uracil only occurs in the RNA molecule.
Adults with more than a twelve (12)-month history of migraines were assigned randomly in a double-blinded study to receive treatment with experimental drug X (10 or 20 mg/day) or placebo. The primary efficacy measure was the reduction in severity of the migraine attacks. Enrollment was twelve-hundred (1200) subjects. Which of the following best describes the clinical phase of this study
Answer:
Phase III.
Explanation:
Clinical research includes the different steps to test the particular drugs and its use for the medical treatment. Clinical research is divided into four main phases.
The phase III of the clinical research includes the double blinded study and its clinical trial on the patients. This phase determines the drug safety and efficacy. The therapeutic effect of the drug is tested directly in phase III of the clinical trial.
Thus, the answer is phase III.
The study with 1,200 subjects testing the efficacy of a drug for migraines is best described as Phase III. The correct option is B.
Phase III clinical trials typically involve between 1,000 and 3,000 patients and are conducted in double-blind studies across several hospital sites. These trials primarily aim to establish the drug's long-term safety, effectiveness, recommended dosage, and benefits, making them applicable for the given study design with 1,200 subjects analyzing the efficacy of the drug on patients with a history of migraines.Following are the briefly explanation:
Preclinical Phase I: Focuses on testing the drug on animals to assess safety and efficacy, not applicable here.Phase II: Involves a smaller number of patients (usually 100-300) focusing on effectiveness and short-term side effects, thereby not fitting the study with 1,200 subjects.Phase III: Intended for large-scale studies involving several hundred to thousands of patients, to test long-term efficacy and safety, which aligns with the study described in the question.Thus, the study design with 1,200 subjects fits the criteria for Phase III clinical trials.
Complete question:
Adults with more than a twelve (12)-month history of migraines were assigned randomly in a double-blinded study to receive treatment with experimental drug X (10 or 20 mg/day) or placebo. The primary efficacy measure was the reduction in severity of the migraine attacks. Enrollment was twelve-hundred (1200) subjects. Which of the following best describes the clinical phase of this study?
A. Phase II
B. Phase III
C. Preclinical Phase I
At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons originally stripped from glucose combine with molecular oxygen to yield which compound?
Answer:
Water
Explanation:
Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration. Moleculer oxygen is highly oxidizing agent and therefore a good elctron acceptor. At the end of electron transport chain oxygen accept electrons and combine with protons to form water. If a person is not breathing enough there will be not enough oxygen in the cells to accept electrons, ETC will stop and there will be no ATP production. A cell can't carry out its functions without ATP. Therfore cellular respiration is breathing, and breathing is life.
At the end of the electron transport chain, the electrons stripped from glucose combine with molecular oxygen to yield water.
Explanation:At the end of the electron transport chain (ETC) in cellular respiration, the electrons stripped from glucose during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle are transferred through a series of protein complexes and carriers in the inner mitochondrial membrane. These electrons ultimately combine with molecular oxygen (O2) to form water (H2O) through a series of redox reactions.
This process is known as oxidative phosphorylation and is a critical step in generating ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the primary energy currency of the cell. The energy released during this electron transfer is used to pump protons across the mitochondrial membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient that drives the production of ATP.
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Minerals cana. be degraded by the body. b. provide energy. c. become part of the body structural systems. d. be destroyed during cooking.
Answer:
The correct answer is c. become part of the body structural systems.
Explanation:
The body requires many minerals which are called essential minerals. Minerals are important in proper body growth and development. They can become a part of body structural system, for example, calcium and phosphorus are the minerals which are required to form bones and teeth.
Some minerals help in signal transmission through nerves, for example, sodium and potassium. Some minerals are an important part of hormone for example iodine which is used to make thyroid hormone. Therefore the correct answer is c.
Plants release water vapor through their leaves; this process is called ________.
a. magnification
b. percolation
c. condensation
d. transpiration
e. evaporation
Plants release their water vapor that help them to make a balance in their inside as well as outside. Plants release water vapor through their leaves; this process is called transpiration.
What is the role of stomata in leaves ?The role of stomata in the leaves is the exchange of gases through it, at night the stomata gets closed and in day they are open.
Water loss through the leaves takes place through stomata when the leaves stomata are open at that time, the various water loss through the stomata when the stomata are open for the exchange of gases where oxygen is taken out in exchange of carbon dioxide that is taken out.
Transpiration is an essential process in the mechanism of plants where the role of transpiration is to provide the leaf balance also transpiration helps to maintain the temperature cooling within the atmosphere.
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You are in a lab studying a newly discovered cell type. You observe a rigid cytoskeleton in this cell, along with a nucleus and a compartmentalized interior. How would you classify this cell?
Answer:
It will be classified as a possibly transitional cell from prokaryotic cell to eukaryotic cell.
Explanation:
The above classification was reached based on some facts. The prokaryotes are single cell organism while some eukaryotes are single celled and some are multi celled.
The presence of nucleus and the compartmentalized interior in the cell are characteristics of an eukaryote, and these are lacking in the prokaryote.
The rigid cytoskeleton is found in the prokaryotic cell, and its lacking in the eukaryotic cell.
So , this create the assumption that the cell is possibly transitioning from prokaryotic cell to eukaryotic cell.
Final answer:
The cell observed with a nucleus and a compartmentalized interior, along with a rigid cytoskeleton, is a eukaryotic cell, characterized by its complex internal structure and organelles enclosed by lipid membranes.
Explanation:
Based on the description of the cell with a rigid cytoskeleton, a nucleus, and a compartmentalized interior, would be classified as a eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells are known for their complex structures, which include internal compartments such as the nucleus and other organelles like vacuoles, all of which are enclosed by lipid membranes. Additionally, the presence of a clear cytoskeleton is a defining feature of eukaryotes, providing structural support and facilitating cellular functions such as motility and division.
A nuclear reactor overheated, releasing radiation throughout the plant. A worker close to reactor received at least 800 rads and has had an onset of vomiting, bloody diarrhea, and, when brought to the hospital, was in shock. What is this patient's predicted survival?
a) Likely
b) Possible
c) Probable
d) Improbable
Answer:
Option d) Improbable
Explanation:
People in Improbable group have acute onset of shock, vomiting and diarrhea. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) symptoms like that suggest patients are exposed to radiations which is lethal for them. These patients will not fall under the category of survivors.
The globulins that make up part of the plasma of the blood have three distinct purposes. What are the gamma globulins?
The gamma globulins are Antibodies of the immune system.
Explanation:
These belong top the globulin class. These are used for the process of improving the immunity level of any person. These are developed form the cells of lymph glands and bone marrows. Hence when they are introduced into a person it will cause hepatitis C. They are the antibodies of Immune system.
Since they introduce hepatitis C in the person who receives this, when they are given along with blood, these are treated before introducing to the persons. they are generally used for improving the immunity level of any person and those persons who are infected by hepatitis A or measels.
Most mammals have diploid body cells and haploid gametes. During __________, chromosomes from haploid gametes combine, and a __________ zygote is formed.
Answer:
During fertilization, chromosomes from haploid gametes combine, and a diploid zygote is formed.
Explanation:
Fertilization is the union of the male gamete(haploid chromosomes) with the female gamete(haploid chromosome) to form a diploid cell called zygote (with diploid chromosomes).
What codes for proteins?
Answer:
gene
Explanation:
the genes that code for protein are made up of tri-nucleotide units called condons
What type of inheritance is shown in the pedigree?
a. sex linked dominant
b. sex linked recessive
c. autosomal dominant
d. autosomal recessive
Answer:
The answer is c. autosomal dominant
Explanation:
Distinction between dominant and recessive:
As evident from the pedigree, dominant traits never skip a generation. Recessive traits skip generations. If an affected individual has unaffected parents, the trait is recessive as one of them must be the carrier (heterozygous) but does not have the disease. Therefore, considering all the above criteria, this is definitely a dominant trait.Distinction between autosomal and X-linked Pedigrees:
Autosomal traits affect both males and females equally. X-linked recessive traits are more likely to affect males than females.X-linked dominant traits are more likely to affect females. But if a male is affected, all of his daughters will be affected but all his sons will be healthy.Considering above criteria, the trait is autosomal. Therefore, the pedigree represents an autosomal dominant trait.The type of inheritance shown in the pedigree is c. autosomal dominant.
What is the type of inheritance shown in the pedigree?In the given pedigree, the presence of the trait is observed in every generation, affecting both males and females. This suggests that the trait is not sex-linked.
Also, since the trait is present in individuals with affected parents, it indicates an autosomal pattern of inheritance. Furthermore, the trait is exhibited by individuals who have at least one affected parent, which is characteristic of autosomal dominant inheritance.
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A food that results in a(n) _____ of nitrogen released from the body has a high biological value, meaning that the majority of the protein has been absorbed by the body
Foods with high biological value result in a decrease of nitrogen released from the body, indicating effective absorption of protein. Such foods are typically rich in essential amino acids.
Explanation:A food that results in a decrease of nitrogen released from the body has a high biological value. This means the majority of the protein in that food has been effectively absorbed by the body. Foods with high biological value are generally rich in essential amino acids that are not produced by the body, so they have to be acquired through diet. Examples of these foods include eggs, meat, and dairy products.
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A food with high biological value leads to minimal nitrogen waste as the protein is efficiently absorbed by the body.
Explanation:A food that results in a decrease of nitrogen released from the body has a high biological value, meaning that the majority of the protein has been absorbed by the body. When proteins are broken down during metabolism, nitrogenous waste is produced. Nitrogenous wastes are excreted from the body as they are toxic. The urea cycle is the primary mechanism by which mammals convert ammonia to urea for excretion. Overall, proteins with high biological value are those that are efficiently absorbed and utilized by the body, resulting in minimal nitrogen waste.
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Herpes zoster (shingles) is an infection of peripheral nerves arising from a re-activation of which primary childhood viral infection?
Answer:
CHICKENPOX
Explanation:
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and herpes zoster (shingles).
CHICKENPOX follows initial exposure to the virus.
After the chickenpox runs its course, the virus retreats to nerve tissues near the spinal cord and brain, where it hides out.
Reactivation of the dormant virus results in the characteristic painful dermatomal rash of HERPES ZOSTER, which is often followed by pain in the distribution of the rash (postherpetic neuralgia).
Reactivation can be due to:-
1) A weakened immune system, which can wake the virus up
2) Cancer, HIV, or another disease that lower your body’s immunity
3) Being 50 or older
4) Being under a lot of stress
5) Past physical trauma
6) Taking long-term steroids or other medications that can weaken your immune system.