A molecule with a covalent bond can either be polar or nonpolar, depending on the difference in electronegativity between the bonded atoms and the molecule's geometry. Option C is correct.
The correct statement regarding covalent bonds is that a molecule having a covalent bond may be polar or nonpolar. Covalent bonds occur when atoms share electrons. Depending on the electronegativity values of the atoms involved and the molecular geometry, covalent bonds can be classified as nonpolar or polar.
A nonpolar covalent bond forms between atoms that share electrons equally, such as two atoms of the same element. In contrast, a polar covalent bond forms when one atom has a stronger attraction to the shared electrons than the other atom, leading to a slight charge separation within the molecule.
Moreover, a molecule can have polar covalent bonds, yet be nonpolar overall if the molecule is symmetrical and the polar bonds cancel each other out. Conversely, a molecule can be polar if there is an uneven distribution of charge due to asymmetrical polar bonds. Therefore, the presence of a covalent bond does not solely determine the molecule's polarity, and statement C is true.
A current of 0.15 A is passed through an aqueous solution of K2PtCl4. How long will it take to deposit 1.00 g Pt(s) (M = 195.1)?
To deposit 1.00 g of platinum with a current of 0.15 A, it will take approximately 1.831 hours. This is calculated by first determining the number of moles of Pt, then calculating the moles of electrons, converting them to coulombs using Faraday's constant, and finally using the charge to find the time required.
Explanation:Calculating Time for Electrodeposition
To calculate the time it takes to deposit 1.00 g of platinum (Pt) using a current of 0.15 A in an electrolytic cell, we first need to determine the number of moles of Pt to be deposited. Using the molar mass of Pt (195.1 g/mol), we have:
Number of moles (Pt) = mass (Pt) / Molar mass (Pt)
= 1.00 g / 195.1 g/mol
= 0.005126 moles
Platinum (Pt) is deposited according to the reaction:
Pt2+ + 2e- → Pt(s)
Two moles of electrons are required to deposit one mole of Pt.
Number of moles of electrons = 2 × Number of moles (Pt)
= 2 × 0.005126
= 0.010252 moles
Next, we convert moles of electrons to coulombs using Faraday's constant, which states that 1 mole of electrons is equivalent to 96485 C:
Total charge (Q) = Number of moles of electrons × Faraday's constant
= 0.010252 moles × 96485 C/mol
= 989.2 C
Finally, we use the formula Q = It to find time (t), where I is the current and t is the time.
To find the time:
Time (t) = Total charge (Q) / Current (I)
= 989.2 C / 0.15 A
= 6594.67 seconds
To convert seconds to hours, divide by 3600:
Time in hours = 6594.67 s / 3600 s/h
= 1.831 hours
Which element has six energy levels?
A) rubidium (Rb)
B) cesium (Cs)
C) potassium (K)
D) sodium (Na)
A molecule of a certain compound contains two nitrogen atoms and four oxygen atoms. What is the molecular formular for this compound?
4.00 g of He, 20.0 g F2, and 12.0 g Ar are placed in a 12.0-L container at 18.0 °C. The total pressure (in atm) in the container is _____ atm.
The total pressure in the container is approximately 3.00 atm
The question asks for the total pressure in a container holding different gases at a certain temperature, which is a typical problem in chemistry dealing with the ideal gas law. The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant (0.0821 atm·L/mol·K), and T is temperature in Kelvin.
To find the total pressure, we need to calculate the moles of each gas using their molar masses (He: 4.00 g/mol, F2: 38.00 g/mol, Ar: 39.95 g/mol), convert the temperature to Kelvin (18.0 °C + 273.15 = 291.15 K), and plug these values into the ideal gas law:
Moles of He = 4.00 g / 4.00 g/mol = 1.00 molMoles of F2 = 20.0 g / 38.00 g/mol ≈ 0.526 molMoles of Ar = 12.0 g / 39.95 g/mol ≈ 0.300 molTotal moles = 1.00 mol + 0.526 mol + 0.300 mol = 1.826 molUsing the ideal gas law:
P = (nRT) / V
P = (1.826 mol × 0.0821 atm·L/mol·K × 291.15 K) / 12.0 L
P ≈ 3.68 atm
Thus, the total pressure in the container is approximately 3.68 atm.
the density of ethanol is 0.789g/ml at 20°c. find the mass of a sample of ethanol that has a volume of 150.0 ml at this temperature.
The density of the substance is denoted by the symbol ρ or D. The mass of the ethanol sample with a density of 0.789 g/ml in 150 mL at 20°C will be 118.35 g.
What is the relationship between density and mass?The density of the object has been defined by the mass divided by the unit of volume and shows the direct relationship between mass and density. A heavier object has more density as compared to a lighter object.
The formula for density is given as,
Density = mass ÷ volume
or Mass = density × volume
Given,
Density = 0.789 gm/mL
Volume = 150 mL
Mass is calculated by substituting values in the above formula as,
Mass = density × volume
Mass = 0.789 gm/mL × 150 mL
Mass = 118.35 g
Therefore, a 150.0 mL ethanol at a temperature 20°C with a density of 0.789 gm/mL has a mass of 118.35 g.
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How many sigma and how many pi bonds are in an ethyne molecule c2h2?
What volume will 0.875 moles of kr occupy at stp?
Volume = 19.6 L
Solution:As we know that one mole of any Ideal gas at standard temperature and pressure occupies exactly 22.4 dm³ volume.
Using this reference, we can calculate the volume occupied by Krypton (Ideal situation) as,
1 mole of Kr occupies = 22.4 L of Volume
So,
0.875 moles of Kr will occupy = X L of Volume
Solving for X,
X = (0.875 mol × 22.4 L) ÷ 1 mol
X = 19.6 L
From your knowledge about the distribution of electrons in the levels and from the atomic number (in parentheses), indicate the most likely charge on the ion when this atom forms an ion. (Remember the 2, 8, 18 level distribution.)
Answer Choices:
0
-1
+1
-2
+2
When a 6.50-g sample of solid sodium hydroxide dissolves in 100.0 g of water in a coffee-cup calorimeter, the temperature rises from 21.6 degrees C to 37.8 degrees C. Calculate delta H (in kJ/mol NaOH) for the solution process. Assume that the specific heat of the solution is the same as that of pure water.
To find the enthalpy change for the dissolution of sodium hydroxide, calculate the heat absorbed by the water (
H = -q / n), convert the mass of NaOH to moles, and divide the heat absorbed by the number of moles.
To calculate the enthalpy change (
H) for the solution process of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), we'll use the formula
H = -q / n, where 'q' is the heat absorbed by the water and 'n' is the number of moles of NaOH.
Step 1: Calculate the amount of heat absorbed (q) using the formula q = mc
delta T, where 'm' is the mass of the water plus the NaOH, 'c' is the specific heat capacity of water (4.18 J/g°C), and
delta T is the change in temperature.
Step 2: Convert the mass of NaOH to moles by using its molar mass (40.00 g/mol).
Step 3: Calculate
H using the moles and the heat absorbed.
For our case:
q = (100.0 g + 6.50 g)
4.18 J/g°C
(37.8°C - 21.6°C)
Calculate q and convert it to kilojoules, since 1 kJ = 1000 J.
6.50 g of NaOH is 0.1625 mol, because 6.50 g / 40.00 g/mol = 0.1625 mol.
Step 4: Now apply the formula
H = -q / n.
how many molecules are there in 237 grams of CCl4
You can find the number of molecules in a given mass of substance by first finding the number of moles in the mass, and then multiplying by Avogadro's number. Using this method, 237 grams of CCl4 contains approximately 9.27 × 10^23 molecules.
Explanation:To calculate the number of molecules in 237 grams of CCl4, you need to understand Avogadro's number and the concept of the mole. The molar mass of CCl4 is about 154 g/mol. So, first let's find out how many moles are in 237 grams.
Number of Moles = Mass / Molar Mass = 237 g / 154 g/mol = 1.54 moles.
Avogadro's number states there are 6.02214076 × 10^23 molecules in one mole.
So, the number of molecules in 1.54 moles would be: Number of Molecules = Number of Moles * Avogadro's Number = 1.54 moles * 6.02214076 × 10^23 molecules/mole
The result is approximately 9.27 × 10^23 molecules of CCl4.
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There are approximately 9.28 imes 10^23 molecules of CCl4.
To calculate the number of molecules in 237 grams of CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride), we first need to determine the molar mass of CCl4. The molar mass of carbon (C) is approximately 12.01 g/mol, and that of chlorine (Cl) is approximately 35.45 g/mol. Since CCl4 has one carbon atom and four chlorine atoms, its molar mass is (12.01 g/mol + (4 imes 35.45 g/mol) = 153.81 g/mol.
Next, we use the given mass of CCl4 to find the number of moles:
237 g CCl4 imes rac{1 mol CCl4}{153.81 g CCl4} = 1.541 moles of CCl4
Using Avogadro's number, which is 6.022 imes 1023 molecules per mole, we can then calculate the number of molecules:
1.541 moles imes 6.022 imes 1023 molecules/mol = 9.28 imes 1023 molecules of CCl4
So, there are approximately 9.28 imes 1023 molecules in 237 grams of CCl4.
Three highways connect the centers of three towns and form a triangle. A cell phone company wants to place a new cell tower so that it is the same distance from the centers of the three towns. How can the company find where to place the tower?
Answer:
For the tower to be the same distance from each of the centers, the company must find the point that is equidistant from the vertices of the triangle. This is the circumcenter of the triangle and can be found by constructing the point of concurrency of the perpendicular bisectors of the triangle.
Explanation:
sample response
how many moles of O are in 10 moles of KClO3? ...?
Considering the chemical formula, there are 30 moles of O in 10 moles of KClO₃.
Chemical formulaChemical formulas use letters and numbers to represent chemical species, that is, compounds and ions.
The letters are called chemical symbols. They represent the elements present in the chemical species.
The numbers that accompany these letters are what we call subscripts.
A subscript is a number indicating the number of the element present in that compound. If no subscript appears after a chemical symbol, this implies that there is only one atom of that element.
KClO₃In this case, the chemical formula KClO₃ indicates that 1 mole of the compound has:
K= 1 moleCl= 1 moleO= 3 molesSo you can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of KClO₃ contains 3 moles of O, 10 moles of KClO₃ contains how many moles of O?
[tex]amount of moles of O=\frac{10 moles of KClO_{3} x3 moles of O}{1 moles of KClO_{3}}[/tex]
amount of moles of O= 30 moles
Finally, there are 30 moles of O in 10 moles of KClO₃.
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There are 30 moles of Oxygen in 10 moles of KClO3.
The chemical formula for potassium chlorate (KClO3) indicates that there is one oxygen atom for each molecule of KClO3. Therefore, the molar ratio of oxygen to potassium chlorate is 1:1. This means that for every mole of KClO3, there is one mole of oxygen atoms.
Given that we have 10 moles of KClO3, we can directly apply the 1:1 molar ratio to find the number of moles of oxygen. Since there is no need for a conversion factor, the number of moles of oxygen is simply equal to the number of moles of KClO3.
Thus, 10 moles of KClO3 contains:
[tex]\[ 10 \text{ moles of KClO3} \times \frac{1 \text{ mole of O}}{1 \text{ mole of KClO3}} = 10 \text{ moles of O} \][/tex]
However, each molecule of KClO3 contains 3 oxygen atoms. Therefore, to find the total number of moles of oxygen atoms, we need to multiply the number of moles of KClO3 by the number of oxygen atoms per molecule:
[tex]\[ 10 \text{ moles of KClO3} \times \frac{3 \text{ moles of O}}{1 \text{ mole of KClO3}} = 30 \text{ moles of O} \][/tex]
So, there are 30 moles of oxygen atoms in 10 moles of KClO3.
When molten material hardens and cools, what type of rock is formed?
Determine the identity of a cube of metal that measures 1.2 cm on each side and has a mass of 15.4g.
To identify the metal of the cube, calculate the cube's density by dividing its mass (15.4g) by its volume (1.728 cm³), which gives a density of approximately 8.91 g/cm³. This density can be compared to known densities to determine the cube's metal type.
Explanation:The identity of a metal cube can be determined using its mass and volume to calculate its density, which can then be compared to known densities of various metals. A cube with each side measuring 1.2 cm has a volume given by the formula V = a³ where a is the length of a side. The mass of the cube is 15.4 g, and therefore the density can be calculated by dividing the mass by the volume.
To find the volume of the cube:
V = 1.2 cm × 1.2 cm × 1.2 cm = 1.728 cm³.
Now, to get the density:
density = mass/volume = 15.4 g / 1.728 cm³ ≈ 8.91 g/cm³. This density can be matched to a list of metallic element densities to identify the metal.
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What exactly are the physical properties of a candle that has been blown out?
What can scientists learn by studying fossils? I. how the Earth's surface has changed over time II. the appearance of an organism and its structures III. how species have changed over time IV. how the Earth's climate has changed over time
Scientist can learn about Appearance of an organism and its structure by studying the fossils. hence, option" 2" Is correct.
What can scientist learn from fossil?By the method of radiocarbon-dating scientist can learn about an organism and its structures in the fossils, different kinds of rocks and about the earth strata.
hence, option" 2" is the correct option.
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All of the following can be used to define a base except
a hydronium ion donor in a reaction
a substance that increases the concentration of hydroxide ions
an electron pair donor in a reaction
a substance that is a hydrogen ion acceptor in a reaction
Answer: The correct statement is a hydronium ion donor in a reaction.
Explanation:
According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions [tex](OH^-)[/tex] when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydronium ions [tex](H_3O^+)[/tex] in water.
According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates protons and a base is defined as a substance which accepts protons.
According to the Lewis concept, an acid is defined as a substance that accepts electron pairs and base is defined as a substance which donates electron pairs.
A substance that increases the hydroxide ion concentration of a solution is an Arrhenius base.
Hence, the correct statement is a hydronium ion donor in a reaction.
Depict the hydrogen bonding between two ammonia molecules and between one ammonia molecule and one water molecule?
Answer:
Hydrogen bondings are shown below.
Explanation:
Hydrogen bonding takes place between an electronegative atom (O, N and F) and H atom attached to those electronegative atoms (O, N and F). Lone pairs on electronegative atoms are involved in formation of hydrogen bond.
Electronegative atom of a molecule which donates it's lone pair to form hydrogen bonding is called hydrogen bond donor. And the other molecule whose H atom is involved in hydrogen bonding is called hydrogen bond acceptor.
Hydrogen bond is a kind of bond whose strength is an intermediate to ionic and covalent bond.
Hydrogen bonding is represented as dash lines.
Hydrogen bonding between ammonia molecules and between ammonia and water molecule has been shown below.
Hydrogen bonding in ammonia molecules occurs due to attraction between the nitrogen atom of one molecule (negative charge) and the hydrogen atom of another (positive charge). The same principle applies between an ammonia molecule and a water molecule.
Explanation:Hydrogen bonding in ammonia molecules (NH3) occurs due to attraction between the nitrogen atom of one molecule, which carries a partial negative charge, and the hydrogen atom of another molecule which carries a partial positive charge. With regard to an ammonia molecule and a water molecule (H2O), hydrogen bonds can form in a similar fashion.
The partial positively charged hydrogen atom of the ammonia molecule can attract the partial negatively charged oxygen atom of the water molecule, forming a bond.
Similarly, the partial positively charged hydrogen atoms of the water molecule can attract to the partial negatively charged nitrogen atom of ammonia, creating another hydrogen bonding.
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How would your calculated %P2O5 value be affected if you had not used this blank solution
If you did not use the blank solution, your calculated %P2O5 value would likely be higher. The blank solution helps to account for other influences in the experiment, providing a baseline. Without it, other factors could contribute to a falsely high %P2O5 reading.
Explanation:Your calculated %P2O5 value would likely be higher if you did not use the blank solution. This is because the blank solution is designed to account for any influence or interference from other substances in the experiment. It provides a 'baseline' or 'zero' level, to make sure the results you measure are due to the presence of P2O5 alone.
For instance, if the instrument you're using to measure the %P2O5 has an operator error or systematic error, such as stray light that causes a small reading, this value is considered in the blank solution absorbance. Therefore, when you subtract this value from your experimental readings, you get a more accurate measurement of your P2O5.
If you just measure the P2O5 without using a blank, your reading could include errors from these other factors, giving you a higher %P2O5 than is actually present. Hence, not using a blank solution could give you a false high level of P2O5.
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How will adding NaCl affect the freezing point of a solution?
Answer is: adding NaCl will lower the freezing point of a solution.
A solution (in this example solution of sodium chloride) freezes at a lower temperature than does the pure solvent (deionized water).
The higher the solute concentration (sodium chloride), freezing point depression of the solution will be greater.
Equation describing the change in freezing point:
ΔT = Kf · b · i.
ΔT - temperature change from pure solvent to solution.
Kf - the molal freezing point depression constant.
b - molality (moles of solute per kilogram of solvent).
i - Van’t Hoff Factor.
Dissociation of sodium chloride in water: NaCl(aq) → Na⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq).
Given the atomic weights of carbon, 12.01; hydrogen, 1.01; and oxygen, 16.0, what is the molar mass of glucose?
A) 166.18 grams
B) 174.12 grams
C) 180.18 grams
D) 250.12 grams
A)How many moles of O2 are required for the complete combustion of 2.2 g of C3H8 to form CO2 and H2O?
b)A 65.25 g sample of CuSO4•5H2O (M = 249.7) is dissolved in enough water to make 0.800 L of solution. What volume of this solution must be diluted with water to make 1.00 L of 0.100 M CuSO4?
Final answer:
0.2495 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] are required for the complete combustion of 2.2 g of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] to form [tex]CO_2[/tex] and [tex]H_2O[/tex]. This is calculated based on the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane and the molar mass of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex].
Explanation:
To determine how many moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] are required for the complete combustion of 2.2 g of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] to form [tex]CO_2[/tex] and H2O, we need to use the balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane (C3H8):
[tex]C_3H_8[/tex] + 5 [tex]O_2[/tex] → 3 [tex]CO_2[/tex] + 4[tex]H_2O[/tex]
First, we calculate the moles of C3H8:
moles of C3H8 = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol)
molar mass of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = 44.10 g/mol
moles of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = 2.2 g / 44.10 g/mol = 0.0499 mol
From the balanced equation, 1 mole of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] reacts with 5 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex]. So, for 0.0499 moles of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex], the moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] required would be:
moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] needed = 0.0499 mol [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] × 5 moles O2/mol [tex]C_3H_8[/tex] = 0.2495 mol [tex]O_2[/tex]
0.2495 moles of [tex]O_2[/tex] are required for the complete combustion of 2.2 g of [tex]C_3H_8[/tex].
In a chemical reaction, an iron atom became the ion Fe2+. What happened to the iron atom?
It lost electrons and was oxidized
64g of sulfur dioxide (so2) contains 32g of oxygen.calculate how much sulphur it contains
Which subatomic particle is responsible for chemical properties of atoms?
a. protons
b. neutrons
c. electrons
d. neutrons and protons user: what is the maximum number of electrons in the first electron shell, closest to the nucleus?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 4
d. 8
The MSDS for chloroform indicates that it is a clear liquid that has a pleasant smell and substantial vapor pressure. People should avoid inhaling its vapors, and it is sensitive to light. According to this information, how should chloroform be stored?
in an open, transparent container in the fume hood
in a closed, transparent container on the lab bench
in a closed, dark container in the fume hood
in an open, dark container on the lab bench
Answer:
Answer C
Explanation:
just took the test
f an atom has 3 electrons outside of its nucleus, which combination of protons and neutrons would result in a neutral atom
Final answer:
A neutral atom must have the same number of electrons and protons.
Explanation:
A neutral atom must have the same number of electrons and protons. Therefore, if an atom has 3 electrons outside of its nucleus, it must also have 3 protons in its nucleus to be neutral. The number of neutrons does not affect the overall charge of the atom.
For example, a lithium atom (Li) has an atomic number of 3, which means it has 3 protons. If it also has 3 electrons, it will have a net charge of zero and be neutral.
In general, if an atom has a certain number of electrons, it must have an equal number of protons to maintain neutrality.
The half-life of a radioactive element is 1250 years. What percent of atoms remain after 7500 years?
Calculate the electrical energy per gram of anode material for the following reaction at 298 K:
Li(s) + MnO2(s) ----> LiMnO2(s)
Ecell = 3.15 V
The answer is:
E per gram = 0.45 V
The explanation:
when MnO2 is the substance who oxidized here so, the oxidizing agent and the anode here is Li.
and when the molar mass of Li is = 7 g/mol
and in our reaction equation we have 1 mole of Li will give 3.15 V of the electrical energy
that means that :
7 g of Li gives → 3.15 V
So 1 g of Li will give→ ???
∴ The E per gram = 3.15 V / 7 g of Li
= 0.45 V
What important result did Becquerel observe when he placed the uranium salt crystals and unexposed photographic film in a drawer?
-The crystals phosphoresced within the drawer and exposed the film.
-The crystals did not phosphoresce within the drawer but did expose the film.
-The crystals phosphoresced within the drawer but did not expose the film.
-The crystals did not phosphoresce within the drawer and did not expose the film.
The correct answer is "The crystals did not phosphoresce within the drawer but did expose the film."
Becquerel is credited to have discovered radioactivity. Becquerel was studying the properties of x-ray using naturally fluorescent minerals. Uranium shows radioactive decay. It is the high energy invisible radiation from uranium that exposed the photographic film.