which statement best describes the big bang theory?
A.The universe began as a ball of energy and has been collapsing since its formation.

B.The universe began as a cloud of dust and gas and has been expanding since its formation.

C.The universe began at an outer boundary has been collapsing since its formation.

D.The universe began at a single point and has been expanding since its formation.

Answer: how the atomic scale structure of solids explains their large-scale properties

Explanation:

Solid state physics is a branch of physics (specifically condensed matter) that studies solids (rigid or semi-rigid matter), through its atomic description.

Then, it can be said that it studies the properties the solids present when they are gathered in a remarkable number of atoms.

This means, solid state physics fundamentally studies the properties due to the periodic ordering of the atoms in a solid.

Explanation:

An artificial satellite is one that is launched into space to orbit the Earth (or another body of the solar system) for various purposes.

In this sense, the characteristics of an artificial satellite will depend on its purpose and functionality. From there we can list: meteorological satellites (for weather) , telecommunications satellites, remote sensing satellites, global positioning systems satellites, environmental satellites, research satellites, among others.

In addition, their orbits can be classified according to their height and inclination, depending on the use they have.

On the other hand, one of the main conditions for a satellite to be considered as such is that it must be kept orbiting. This means, it must not touch land during its useful life, even if it remains in constant contact with its earth based control stations.

Therefore, a land-based is not a type of satellite.

Answer:

Correct

Incorrect

Explanation

At higher altitudes, water boils at a temperature lower than 100°C.The atmospheric pressure at higher heights is lower, so the amount of heat required to create the vapor pressure is lower.Water expands as it freezes.This is only possible when it attains 4°C.However, before this temperature, water contracts will decrease in temperature as any other fluid material will behave.Water reaches its maximum density at 4°C.Beyond this temperature, its density reduces as it nears the freezing point.The boiling point of pure water under normal atmospheric pressure is 100°C.Addition of other solute substance will affect this boiling point in that it will increase with some degrees.For example, salt water has a boiling point a bit higher than that of pure water.In a pressure cooker, the water is sealed inside the machine, hence all the heat generated by the process helps in increasing the temperatures inside the cooker.The water thus is super-heated and the boiling point is more than 100°C.

Answer:

Meter (m)

Explanation:

The wavelenght of a light wave is a measure of the distance between two successive crests (or two successive troughs) of a light wave.

Since the SI units for the distance is the meter (m), then the SI unit for the wavelength is also the meter (m).

Wavelength is related to the frequency of the light wave by:

[tex]\lambda=\frac{c}{f}[/tex]

where

c is the speed of light

f is the frequency of the light

The average kinetic energy of the water molecules is greater in its gaseous state (in the form of water steam).

This is because in the gaseous state the water molecules are well separated from each other and can move freely in all the available space they have; because there are no cohesion forces that bond them.

In contrast to the liquid and solid state, in which the molecules have less movement.

Answer:

Explanation:

Magnetic Confinement Fusion is studied to generate thermonuclear energy through fusion power, using magnetic fields to transform matter into plasma.

On the other hand, Inertial Confinement Fusion is a type of research aimed to produce nuclear fusion reactions through heat and compression of a fuel.

These two researches comprehend the Fusion Energy Research, which is aimed to produce and develop plasma as a energy resource.

The correct options are A). Inertial Confinement and B). Magnetic Confinement.

Magnetic Confinement Fusion, that is studied to generate thermonuclear energy through fusion power, using magnetic fields to transform matter into plasma.

Inertial Confinement Fusion is a type of research that aimed to produce nuclear fusion reactions through heat and compression of a fuel.

These two researches involves the Fusion Energy Research, which is aimed to produce and develop plasma as a energy resource.

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Explanation:

The first atomic model was the one proposed by Jhon Dalton, according to which it is postulated that:  

"Matter is made up of indivisible, indestructible and extremely small particles called atoms."  

That is, the atom is a solid and indivisible mass.  

However, at the end of 19th century  the physicist J.J. Thomson began experimenting with cathode ray tubes and found out that atoms contain small subatomic particles with a negative charge (later called electrons).

This means the atom was not indivisible as Dalton proposed. So, Thomson developed in 1904 a new atomic model that was called the raisin pudding atomic model.

Therefore:

IS INDIVISIBLE

Previously it was thought that atoms were indivisible, but his experiment exposed electrons to the world, disproving such a theory.

The sun produces energy through a process called fusion of hydrogen. This involves hydrogen nuclei fusing into helium nuclei in a series of reactions known as the proton-proton cycle. While nuclear fission can also produce energy, it requires larger, complex nuclei and is not the primary process in stars like the sun.

The process most commonly associated with the energy produced by our sun is B. Fusion of Hydrogen. The sun produces energy through a series of fusion reactions, specifically the proton-proton cycle, where protons or hydrogen nuclei fuse into helium nuclei. This energy production happens primarily at the boundary of the helium core of the sun, where temperature is highest, and sufficient hydrogen remains.

An important note to make is that heavy atomic nuclei can also produce energy when broken up into lighter ones, a process called nuclear fission. However, fission, familiar to us through its use in atomic bombs and nuclear reactors, requires big, complex nuclei, while stars like our sun are composed predominantly of small, simple nuclei, making fusion the primary source of energy for the sun and stars.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

It has to travel 600 light years before we would be able to observe the explosion.

The star Betelgeuse is about 600 light-years away.

If it explodes tonight, we won't know about it until 600 years from now. (C)

(Maybe it already has.  If it exploded any time after the year 1419, we have no way to know it yet.)

(a) 11500 W

The power required for the car's engine is given by

P = Fv

where

F is the force that the engine must apply

v = 23 m/s is the velocity of the car

In this situation,the car is moving at constant velocity: this means that its acceleration is zero, so the net force on the car must be zero. Since there is a drag force of 500 N against the motion of the car, this means that the force applied by the engine in the forward direction must also be 500 N:

F = 500 N

So the power erogated by the engine is

P = (500 N)(23 m/s)= 11500 W

(b) 17084 W

In this situation, there is not only the drag force opposing the motion of the car, but also the component of the weight which is parallel to the incline.

This component is given by

[tex]W_p = mg sin \theta[/tex]

where

m = 710 kg is the mass

g = 9.8 m/s^2 is the acceleration of gravity

[tex]\theta=2^{\circ}[/tex] is the slope of the incline

Substituting,

[tex]W_p = (710 kg)(9.8 m/s^2)sin 2^{\circ} =242.8 N[/tex]

So now the total backward force against the motion of the car is the sum of the drag force (500 N) and this force:

F = 500 N + 242.8 N = 742.8 N

And so the force applied by the engine must be the same; so the power erogated will be

P = (742.8 N)(23 m/s)= 17,084 W

To maintain its speed, the car's engine needs to provide power to overcome opposing forces. On level ground, the power needed is 11.5 kW, which is used to overcome the drag force. On a slope of 2°, the power needed is 17.23 kW, used to overcome both the drag force and the additional force due to the uphill angle.

To calculate the power required to maintain the car's constant speed, we need to use the formula for power, which is Power (P) = Force (F) x Velocity (v). In this scenario, the force is the drag force namely the air resistance opposing the car's motion.

(a) On level ground, the power required would be P = F x v = 500 N x 23 m/s = 11,500 W or 11.5 kW. So, the car's engine needs to provide a power of 11.5 kW to maintain its speed on level ground.

(b) When the car is driving uphill, the engine needs to work against the gravitational force as well. The additional force due to the uphill slope can be calculated using F = m x g x sin(θ), where m is the car's mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and θ is the slope angle.

Applying the values, F = 710 kg x 9.8 m/s² x sin(2°) = 249.2 N. Thus, the total force the engine needs to overcome is 500 N (drag) + 249.2 N (gravity) = 749.2 N. Using the power formula, P = F x v = 749.2 N x 23 m/s = 17,231.6 W or 17.23 kW. Therefore, the car's engine needs to provide a power of 17.23 kW to drive up a 2° hill.

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b. deflects. A DC motor's magnet has a magnetic field that deflects the wire loop's magnetic field, therefore causing the loop to rotate.

When a conductor, through which an electric current passes, is immersed in a magnetic field, it experiences a deflects force according to the Law of Lorentz creating as result that the loop rotate.

A DC motor's magnet has a magnetic field that deflects the wire loop's magnetic field, therefore causing the loop to rotate.

Answer : Option B

Explanation:

It is said that electric field is always associated with the magnetic field and they influence each other. When a wire carrying current is placed near a magnetic compass, the needle present in the compass will deflect showing that there is a magnetic field associated with the set up. Every magnet has a magnetic field associated with it which causes deflection thereby making the loop to rotate.

The electric potential remains the same, while the electric potential energy of the ion is twice that of a single electron, because potential energy is proportional to the charge of the ion.

When a neutral atom gains two electrons at a negative terminal, it becomes a negative ion with a charge of -2e. The electric potential at a point is defined as the electric potential energy (EPE) per unit charge at that point. Since potential energy is related to the force and distance between charges, it is useful to refer to the formula for the Coulomb energy of two particles having opposite elementary charges Epot=-e2/(4πε0r). In this case, when the charge of an ion becomes -2e, the electric potential at the position of the ion remains the same, because it is dependent on the electric field and the distance from the charge, not on the amount of charge on the ion itself.

However, the electric potential energy is proportional to the amount of charge on the ion. Therefore, if a single electron has a certain potential energy, a negative ion with a charge of -2e will have twice that potential energy. Hence, the correct statement is that the electric potential remains the same, while the electric potential energy is twice as much as that of a single electron.

The mass ratio of the oxygen ion to the electron is irrelevant to this question, as it does not factor into the calculations of electric potential and electric potential energy in this context.

Transformers only work with AC.

If you put DC into a transformer, all that comes out is smoke.

(a)

Transformers will not work on direct current in electrical systems.

Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Transformers work only on the alternate current of electrical system. And they are not suitable to work upon with the direct current. As the direct current has the property to transfer high voltage directly and is unable to direct the current with high and low voltages, causes the transformer to burn out the coil leading to burning of the transformer circuit and causing smoked transformers.

Answer:

c. The book has potential energy and the bike has kinetic energy.

Explanation:

Answer:

C (third one down).

Explanation:

Always take a look at the formulas.

KE = 1/2 mv^2

PE = mgh

What the KE formula is telling you is that there is motion (v). Only one of the two objects is moving -- the bike.

The PE formula has a weight that (if it is helped) is capable of falling a distance h. The book has a PE value.

The answer is C

In a simple DC motor, the Armature reverses the current every half revolution of the loop.

Answer : Option C

Explanation:

DC motor works on the principle of electromagnetic induction that when a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field is said to exert a mechanical force.

It converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. In dc motor, the armature rotates in clockwise or anti clockwise direction. When the armature rotates the current reverses its direction for every half rotation which then passes on to the commutators, brushes and slip rings.

Answer:

The atmosphere

Explanation:

Answer: violet!

Explanation:

Final answer:

To determine the rate at which a heated metal plate radiates energy, the Stefan-Boltzmann law is applied, incorporating the given emissivity, surface area, and absolute temperature to calculate a radiation rate of approximately 450.46 Watts.

Explanation:

To calculate the rate at which a square metal plate radiates energy, we need to apply the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation. The formula is: P = eT4, where o is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10-8 W/(m2 K4)), A is the surface area of the object, T is the absolute temperature in kelvin, and e is the emissivity of the material.

Given the square metal plate's side length of 14 cm (which we convert to 0.14 m for consistency in units), emissivity of 0.6, and a temperature of 745C (which is 1018 K in absolute temperature), we first calculate the surface area (A) of one side of the plate: A = (0.14 m)2 = 0.0196 m2. Since the plate has two sides, we double the area to account for both the top and bottom surfaces, resulting in 0.0392 m2.

The rate of energy radiated from the plate is then: P = (5.67 10-8 W/(m2 K4)) (0.0392 m2) (0.6) (1018 K)4. Calculating this we get:

P = 5.67

10-8

x 0.0392 m2

x 0.6

x (1018 K)4 = 450.46 Watts.

The metal plate thus radiates energy at a rate of approximately 450.46 W.

Answer:

The answer that is most accurate would be the first one.

Explanation:

Actually, there are  2.54 centimeters in an inch. Use that as a tool for converting inches to centimeters:  

1 inch x 2.54 = 2.54 centimeters.

2 inches x 2.54 = 5.08 centimeters.

3 inches x 2.54 = 7.62 centimeters.

4 inches ...........

Answer:

D) four ... hydrogen

Explanation:

Each water molecule is joined to four other water molecules through hydrogen bonds. The polar nature of water and difference in electronegativities between hydrogen and oxygen causes a dipole-dipole interaction, forming hydrogen bonds.

Each water molecule is joined to four other water molecules by hydrogen bonds. Water has a polar nature due its structure and the difference in electronegativities between hydrogen and oxygen. This causes a dipole-dipole interaction within and between the water molecules. The slightly positive hydrogen atoms of one molecule attract the slightly negative oxygen atoms of the nearby molecules, forming what is commonly known as a hydrogen bond. The connectivity within the water molecules could be depicted as a tetrahedron with the hydrogen-bonded water molecules on the vertices.

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Explanation:

This situation is a good example of the projectile motion or parabolic motion, in which we have two components: x-component and y-component. Being their main equations to find the position as follows:

x-component:

[tex]x=V_{o}cos\theta t[/tex]   (1)

Where:

[tex]V_{o}=54.5m/s[/tex] is the projectile's initial speed

[tex]\theta=35\°[/tex] is the angle

[tex]t=2.80s[/tex] is the time since the projectile is launched until it strikes the target

[tex]x[/tex]  is the final horizontal position of the projectile (the value we want to find)

y-component:

[tex]y=y_{o}+V_{o}sin\theta t-\frac{gt^{2}}{2}[/tex]   (2)

Where:

[tex]y_{o}=0[/tex]  is the initial height of the projectile (we are told it  was launched at ground level)

[tex]y[/tex]  is the final height of the projectile (the value we want to find)

[tex]g=9.8m/s^{2}[/tex]  is the acceleration due gravity

Having this clear, let's begin with x (1):

[tex]x=(54.5m/s)cos(35\°)(2.8s)[/tex]   (3)

[tex]x=125m[/tex]   (4)  This is the horizontal final position of the projectile

For y (2):

[tex]y=0+(54.5m/s)sin(35\°)(2.8s)-\frac{(9.8m/s^{2})(2.8s)^{2}}{2}[/tex]   (5)

[tex]y=48.308m[/tex]   (6)  This is the vertical final position of the projectile

The x and y distances of projectile from the launching point to the landing point is 125  meters and 48.308 meters respectively.

Projectile motion is the motion of the body, when it is thrown in the air taking the action of gravity on it.

For the distance traveled by the object in a projectile motion, we use the following formula.

[tex]y=u_o+\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2[/tex]

Here, (g) is the gravity, ([tex]u_o[/tex]) is the initial velocity and (t) is time. The

In the given problem, projectile is launched at ground level with an initial speed of 54.5 m/s.

The initial angle of launching the projectile is 35.0° above the horizontal. The time taken to hit the target after the projectile launched is 2.80 seconds.

The x distance of the projectile is the distance traveled by the object in the horizontal direction. Thus the velocity of the projectile is,

[tex]v_x=54.5\cos (35^o)[/tex]

The x distance is the product of horizontal component of the velocity to the time taken by it. Therefore

[tex]x=54.5\cos(35)(2.8)\\x=125\rm m[/tex]

The y distance of the projectile is the distance traveled by the object in the vertical direction. Thus the initial velocity of the projectile is,

[tex]u_o=54.5\cos (35^o)[/tex]

Put this in the above formula  for the y distance, we get,

[tex]y=54.5\sin(35)+\dfrac{1}{2}(-9.81)(2.8)^2\\y=48.308\rm m[/tex]

Hence, the x and y distances of projectile from the launching point to the landing point is 125  meters and 48.308 meters respectively.

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An atom with atomic number 12 will tend to accept or share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration.

The chemical behavior of an atom is largely determined by the behavior of the electrons in its valence shell. Atoms with eight electrons in their valence shell tend to be stable and are unlikely to participate in chemical reactions, while atoms with fewer than eight electrons in their valence shell tend to accept, donate, or share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration.

An atom with atomic number 12, such as carbon, has six electrons in its valence shell. Carbon will tend to form chemical bonds with other elements by either accepting or sharing electrons, depending on the specific situation.

Answer:

4. The voltage is reduced by a factor of 2

Explanation:

The relationship between voltage, current and resistance in a circuit is given by Ohm's law:

V = RI

where

V is the voltage

R is the resistance

I is the current

In this problem,

the resistance in the circuit is halved: R' = R/2

the current is constant : I' = I

So the new voltage is

[tex]V' = I' R' = I (\frac{R}{2})=\frac{1}{2} (IR) = \frac{V}{2}[/tex]

so the voltage is reduced by a factor 2.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Let's say Da is the distance Al drives and Db is the distance Ben drives.  And let's say that t is the amount of time that Al drives.

Using the distance equation, we can say:

Da = 40t

Db = 20(t + 3)

We know that Da + Db = 240, so:

240 = 40t + 20(t + 3)

240 = 40t + 20t + 60

180 = 60t

t = 3

So Al had been driving for 3 hours when the dispatcher retrieved the data.  Al started driving at 11 AM, so the dispatcher must have retrieved the data at 2 PM.

Answer:

A gas behaves more like an 'ideal' gas at a higher temperature and lower pressure.

Explanation:

do to intermolecular forces becomes less significant compared to kinetic energy and the size of the molecules become less significant to the empty space between them.

Gases are most likely to behave ideally at high temperature and low pressure.

Gases tend to operate ideally at low and high temperatures because potential energy is less important than kinetic energy due to intramolecular forces. Also, the size of the molecule is less important in relation to the free space between the molecules.

Gasworks very ideally at high temperatures and low pressures. High temperature means that the molecules move fast and do not stick together. Low pressure means that the molecules are farther apart and have less interaction.

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Answer:

Moving point charges, such as electrons, produce complicated but well known magnetic fields that depend on the charge, velocity, and acceleration of the particles.

Answer:

moving and charged

Explanation:

Answer:

at either point of the magnet

Explanation:

its equally strong at the north pole when compared with the south pole.

Hello There!

A magnet has two poles called the north pole and the south pole. The magnetic field is always strongest at the poles of the magnet.

Voltaic cells use chemical reactions to generate electrical energy, as well as the reverse process.

This type of cell is mainly composed of the anode (a metal electrode where oxidation occurs) and the cathode (a metal electrode where the reduction occurs). These electrodes are placed in two compartments separated by a porous plate or membrane and immersed in a medium containing ions.

This is how, when the chemical reaction of oxide-reduction occurs, electricity is generated.