Which person or organization defined the concept of value neutrality?

Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Peter Rossi
American Sociological Association (ASA)
Max Weber

The correct answer B. Participant observation

Explanation:

In sociology or the study of society, the Symbolic Interactionist Theory is a theoretical perspective that focuses on micro-level interaction and exchange of meaning mainly through the symbols people create. Because of this, in terms of research, this perspective aims at understanding specific individuals rather than large groups and uses qualitative date techniques such as interviews or observation as these allow researches to understand both interaction and symbols in meaning which are the basic elements in this theory. Therefore, from the options provided the technique a symbolic interactionist would use is participant observation.

Answer:

Participant Observation

Explanation:

Because it is about interactions between people.

Answer:

denied the opportunity to obtain

Explanation:

Tumin questions the job's degree of importance. He believed on social stratification and how it stopped qualified people from attempting to fill determined roles. An example of this is how underprivileged youth has no chance of becoming a scientist because of the lack of opportunities available for them. So it won't matter how intelligent they are if they don't have access to resources there's very little chance to succeed. It's the same with the job opportunities, higher-level-job positions require certain access to resources as well.

Melvin Tumin argued that social stratification often denied qualified individuals the opportunity to obtain high-level positions, unlike Davis and Moore who perceived it as beneficial.

Unlike Davis and Moore who argued that social stratification was beneficial, Melvin Tumin, a sociologist, believed that because of social stratification, some qualified people were denied the opportunity to obtain higher-level job positions. He contested that social inequality often prevents individuals with demonstrated competency from rising to positions of higher responsibility and reward. In his view, this was harmful to society as it led to the wastage of talent.

https://brainly.com/question/31058627

#SPJ3

The correct answer is B. Their culture

Explanation:

Max Weber was a German philosopher and sociologist mainly known for his ideas in social theory during the 19th and 20th century that were key for the development of sociology, because of this Weber is often considered as one of the founders of sociology along with Marx and Durkheim. In terms of society, Weber wrote multiple words that dealt with politics, religion and economy in different context and in terms of social research Weber stated individual and societies could not be researched in the same way of other subjects, mainly because they were influenced by their culture, indeed Weber believed positive or objective methods could not be applied in studying human societies and in any case the culture of individuals needed to be considered as this influenced their  behavior. Therefore, Wever believed humans could not be studied purely objectively mainly because they were influenced by their culture.

Sociologist Max Weber believed that objective study of humans is not possible since they are influenced by their culture. Cultural factors like language, religion, and norms shape a person's world-view and responses, requiring a method of study that takes these subjective meanings into account.

Max Weber, a key figure in sociology, argued that humans could not be studied objectively like objects in natural sciences because they are influenced by their culture. According to Weber, a person's behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes are significantly shaped by their cultural contexts.

Cultural factors such as language, religion, social norms and traditions play a major role in how individuals interpret the world around them and respond to it. Therefore, Weber proposed a methodology known as Verstehen, which means 'understanding' in German, to interpret social action through understanding the subjective meanings that individuals attach to their actions.

https://brainly.com/question/30226011

#SPJ3

Answer:

Corn

Explanation:

A commodity can be defined as a basic good, a raw material and a primary agricultural product, that is to say, a good that has not gone through a manufacturing process; this type of goods can be traded or exchanged for products of similar value. Cereal grains like corns are an example of a commodity because they're primary agricultural products. Other examples of commodities are sugar, coffee, olives, almonds and mining products like copper and iron ore.

The correct answer is B. Plant patent

Explanation:

The U.S. Patent Office and Trademark Office is an agency that is in charge of issuing patents for new products, services, among others which means through this agency an inventor can guarantee its invention is credited to him and avoid others using it. Additionally, there are different types of patents that include utility patents that are patents issued for the invention of products or machines; design patents that are related to architectural design and similar and plant patents that are those given for the discovery or creation of new plants especially those that had been modified. This implies in the case of a new type of tomato that tastes like a jellybean te patent issued would be a Plant patent as this is the type of patent that addresses those new types of plants that are created by modifying existing plants.

Sorting describes the separation of students based on merit.

We might say that Maya lives in absolute poverty.

Maya, a homeless twelve-year-old girl in Thailand, lives in absolute poverty, which is characterized by an inability to afford basic life necessities such as food and shelter.

Given the description of Maya's living conditions as a twelve-year-old girl in Thailand who is homeless and often unsure of her next meal or sleeping place, we could say that Maya lives in absolute poverty. Absolute poverty refers to a condition where individuals cannot afford the basic necessities of life, such as food and shelter. This differs from relative poverty, where individuals may be able to afford the basic necessities but still fall significantly short of the average standard of living in their society. Subjective poverty is based on personal perceptions and expectations of one's income and living standard. In contrast, global poverty is a broader term that can encompass both absolute and relative poverty on an international scale.

Moving with this definition in mind, Maya's situation is indicative of absolute poverty, which is starkly evident in slum conditions where there is a clear lack of basic necessities. It's important to understand the severity of absolute poverty and how it impacts millions of people around the world, affecting their mental and physical health and their ability to lead secure, productive lives.

Answer:

Any of the above

Explanation:

Ethnicity is represented by the collectivity of individuals that differentiates by their socio-cultural specificity, reflected mainly in language, religion, beliefs and ways of acting;

The term ethnicity is not synonymous with race. The word race has fallen into disuse by the scientific community when it corresponds to different human groups. The idea of ​​ethnicity is a different concept from the social notion of race that was used until the mid-twentieth century, and encompasses more cultural aspects.

Ethnicity refers to the shared cultural practices including shared beliefs, language, or religion among a group of people. Ethnic groups are distinguished by common language, ancestry, or cultural aspects like dress and traditions.

Ethnicity refers to the shared cultural practices, perspectives, and distinctions that set apart one group of people from another. That is to say, ethnicity is shared beliefs, language, or religion among a group of individuals. Ethnic groups are typically defined by a common language, ancestry or history, and cultural aspects such as dress and traditions.

For example, language is a primary means of communication among an ethnic group, allowing members to identify and connect with each other. Similarly, a shared religion can significantly influence an ethnic group's cultural practices and worldviews. Lastly, shared beliefs could encompass a wide variety of aspects including norms, values, morals, and worldviews that are passed down from generations within an ethnic group.

https://brainly.com/question/29692014

#SPJ3

Answer:

Monopoly

Explanation:

In United States vs. Microsoft Cooperation the USA government accused Microsoft of illegally maintaining its monopoly position in the PC market. It stated that Microsoft possessed monopoly for operating systems  and was harming customers through its anti-competitive behavior.

At that time, Microsoft was holding more than 90% of the market share for the operating systems used on PCs. Because of this customers were lacking an alternative to Windows.

After appealing the court's decision, Microsoft decided to draft a settlement proposal. It allowed PC manufacturers to adopt non-Microsoft software.

In the mid-90s, the U.S. government labeled Microsoft as a monopoly for its anticompetitive practices, including threats to computer makers and the bundling of software products. The company was taken to court and faced the possibility of being split up, but this was overturned, leading to a settlement in 2002.

The antitrust regulators argued that Microsoft had engaged in anticompetitive practices by not only profiting from its software innovations and dominant position in the software market for operating systems but attempting to use its market power to monopolize other parts of the software industry. A key issue was Microsoft's threat to computer makers that if they did not exclude rival Netscape's Internet browser from their systems, Microsoft would not sell them its operating system software. This behavior, as well as the bundling of its Windows operating system with its Internet Explorer browser and the predatory pricing of additional software products, led to allegations of Microsoft using these strategies as anticompetitive tools.

In April 2000, a federal court found that Microsoft's actions constituted unfair competition and initially recommended that the company be split into two separate entities. However, this penalty was later overturned on appeal, and in November 2002, Microsoft reached a settlement to end its restrictive practices. The case was a defining moment in U.S. antitrust law and the technology industry, highlighting the complexities of regulating monopolistic behavior in a rapidly evolving market.

Answer:

Socialized medicine

Explanation:

Socialized medicine is a term used to describe a universal health system available to all citizens of a particular country.

Great Britain has a public health service called the National Health Service (NHS). The system is free and paid for from general taxation. NHS provides the majority of healthcare in England but there are also numerous private health care companies offering their services.

Socialized medicine means the government is in charge of the country's health system and employers do not pay health insurance for their workers.

Critics of this system say it's not competitive, which slows innovation and progress in treatments. They also question the every individual's right to have a free healthcare.

Great Britain’s healthcare system is an example of socialized medicine.

Great Britain’s healthcare system is an example of socialized medicine. The National Health System (NHS) in Great Britain provides free healthcare to all its residents, with the government owning and running the system, employing doctors and other staff, and owning hospitals. This is a clear example of socialized medicine, where the government controls and funds the healthcare system.

Answer:

semantic memory, I believe

Answer:

A. explicit memory

Explanation:

Explicit memory is a type of long-term memory. Explicit memory occurs when we employ conscious thought. This is the type of memory we use to actively recall specific information. This type of memory is associative, as the brain links several thoughts and memories together in order to help you recall this information.

Answer: A voluntary response sample

Explanation: this is a case in which listeners to the show who cared enough about the issue to make the effort to call in were chosen.

Talk show presenter "Bull" Loney invited his listeners to call in and share their thoughts on a topic he had just spent the majority of his broadcast screaming about. The station received 384 calls.This is an example of convenience sample.

A convenience sample is a non-probability sampling method where the selection of participants is based on convenience or availability. In this case, the host asked listeners of his show to call in and share their opinions on a topic. The individuals who chose to call in and participate in the discussion constituted the sample.

The main characteristic of a convenience sample is that it may not represent the entire population accurately because it relies on the individuals who are easily accessible or willing to participate.

Learn more about convenience sample here:

https://brainly.com/question/30313430

#SPJ2

Answer:

i think that would be difficult to determine without going over each states curriculum and policies

Explanation:

Answer:

what is the answer a ,b c, d,

Explanation:

Answer:

Social context

Explanation:

Social context refers to the  physical environment around us that can influence the way we behave and think.

Let's take the case above for example.

People who raised in urban setting with a lot of siblings tend to get less attention from the parents, so more of them will grow up unconsciously craving for the affection/guidance that they do not get from home. The opposite condition would be felt by the person who grow up as an only child in rural area.

The type of context that differs for Alex, a child being raised in an urban setting with 6 older siblings, and Mia, an only child living in a rural area, entails their family structure and geographical location. These conditions affect their experiences, opportunities, family dynamics, and future prospects in different ways.

The type of context that is different for Alex and Mia involves their family structure and geographical location. Alex's context is urban living with multiple siblings, while Mia's context is rural living as an only child. Through these two aspects, the children experience differences in family dynamics, resource sharing, social interactions, exposure to diverse cultures, and lifestyle values.

For example, in a large family like Alex's, resources (like time, attention, and material goods) are typically shared among more individuals. This can affect Alex's experiences and opportunities. Living in an urban area, Alex might have access to more resources such as better educational facilities, a diverse population, and more job opportunities in the future.

Contrarily, Mia, as an only child, receives all parental resources, but might lack the broad social interaction experienced in larger families. Living in a rural area, her experiences would be shaped by close-knit community lifestyles, nature, less crowded living conditions, but potentially less access to diverse cultural exposure and resources urban kids have access to.

https://brainly.com/question/33510352

#SPJ3

Answer: Julie and her friends were making the long drive home after a fun day at the amusement park. They were about half way home when Julie noticed that she was so tired, she could barely stay awake. However, she knew it was her responsibility to get her friends home safely. She was then motivated to do anything that would help keep her awake. Julie's tiredness can be referred to as a drive ; the theory of motivation the to which this scenario is referring is called the drive reduction theory.

Based on the given information, ulie's tiredness can be referred to as A DRIVE; the theory of motivation to which this scenario is referring is called the DRIVE-REDUCTION THEORY. Thus option A is correct

The objective of motivation is to improve the self-esteem of an individual in order to improve their performance as well as help them in increasing their morale and mindset to achieve more.

The theory of "drive reduction" contends that decreasing "drives" is the main driving force underlying all people's activity. Homeostasis serves as the central principle of drive reduction theory.

The basic tenet of the argument is that biological requirements are what motivate you. This a hypothesis that suggests that when your body's internal environment is out of balance, you develop urges that push you to act in ways that help your body go back to normal.

Therefore, option A is appropriate.

Learn more about  Drive reduction theory, here:

https://brainly.com/question/3246177

#SPJ5

The questions seems incomplete, The missing options are

A) A DRIVE; DRIVE-REDUCTION THEORY

B) a stimulus-motive; Yerkes-Dodson Law

C) the Yerkes-Dodson effect; instinct theory

D) homeostasis; arousal theory

E) the refractory period; arousal theory

Answer:

e

Explanation:

all of the above

Answer:

I was forced to get married.

Explanation:

Societal pressure are expectations put upon somebody that affect their way of behavior. The expectation are usually tied to a community one lives in, their employment situation or their religion.

I'm not against marriage but I wanted to live with my girlfriend without being married to her. I preferred it that way because I felt less trapped and I really did not see any sense in getting married as I believe it's only papers in the end. However, after we moved to a affluent neighborhood, I  noticed that my neighbors there did not approve of our living situation. They thought it was not a good example for their children and they did not see the relationship as a long term one. I got annoyed that they did not take my girlfriend seriously because she was not officially my wife.

So in the end, I gave in to the social pressure (all for the quiet life) and we got married.

I made a choice influenced by societal pressures when I joined an extracurricular activity in high school to fit in with my friends.

A situation in which a choice I made was influenced by societal pressures was when I felt compelled to join a certain extracurricular activity in high school because many of my friends were involved in it. Despite my lack of interest in the activity, I felt the need to conform and be a part of the group. This decision was influenced by the social pressure to fit in and maintain my friendships.

https://brainly.com/question/11949551

#SPJ11

Authoritarian. It is a group leadership style characterized by individual control over all decisions and little input from group members (they typically make choices based on their ideas/judgments and rarely accept advice from followers). Involving absolute, authoritarian control over a group. It is a term related to the concentration of power in a leader not constitutionally responsible to the people (an authoritarian regime). Examples of this kind of leadership include Kim Jong-un and Vladimir Putin.

a college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year.

Low status consistency refers to situations where a person's status varies significantly across different domains of social inequality. The example 'A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year' illustrates a condition of low status consistency as the person in this scenario has a low educational status but a high economic status.

Status consistency refers to the degree of uniformity of a person's social standing across various dimensions of social inequality such as wealth, education, and occupation. High status consistency means that a person's status is similar across all domains, while low status consistency means there is major variance.

The statement that illustrates low status consistency is: 'A college dropout launches an online company that earns millions in its first year.' In this situation, the individual's educational status (college dropout) is quite low, but the status derived from the individual's economic success (earning millions from a start-up company) is high. This disparity indicates a low status consistency.

https://brainly.com/question/36620484

#SPJ11

Answer:

Monotheism sees a unique source , origin or God while Polytheism assumes there is no single God but gods, and or godesses.

The notion of a Creator, a God or a origin has cultural, linguistic and conceptual limitations that shape our perception of the beliefs we have and other culture's religions.

Explanation:

Most of the European and Western countries adscribe to ancient Abrahamic religions. The Christianity, Jewish and Muslim world often represents God as a male, an ultimate ruler, designer and active force in the Universe he created.

While in Orient other religions consider the interaction between Gods like the Hinduism the active forces behide the supernatual and phsical world (Shiva, Brahman,Vishnu), others like Buddhism teach philosophical principles that often sincronyze to form religion cults like Zen Buddhism.

Not only in Asia polytheism is widespread, in Africa and American indigenous races the practice of worshing gods in elements of nature is common. The natural phenomena like the rain and the stars often are given worship as separate gods.

A suggested way to conciliate this appearing conflict is to go deeper in the inter cultural and inter religious dialogue, in many cases it can be found that polytheistic systems also search for a unique and supreme force behind all. Some similarities arise in the very first depictions of the creation of mankind, universalism as a religious movement tries to conciliate this views in search for higher truths.

Final answer:

Monotheism is the worship of a single supreme deity, prominent in religions like Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. Polytheism involves worship of multiple deities, with Hinduism as a key example. Personal ideology can pose challenges to understanding other religions, requiring an open-minded approach.

Explanation:

Understanding of Monotheism Versus Polytheism

Monotheism and polytheism are two categories that anthropologists use to describe the number of deities in a religion. Monotheistic religions worship a single supreme deity and the major monotheistic religions are Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. In contrast, polytheism involves the worship of multiple deities, with Hinduism being one prominent example with its pantheon of gods and goddesses.

Impact of Personal Ideologies on Understanding Other Religions

One's personal beliefs and ideological background can be a significant obstacle in understanding the theism of another religion, particularly if they are unfamiliar. For instance, those with a monotheistic perspective might find the concept of multiple divine manifestations in Hinduism as polytheistic, while Hindus may see these manifestations as different aspects of one supreme deity. Similarly, while the Christian concept of the Holy Trinity may be viewed as a form of monotheism, it can also present a complex understanding for those who strictly view monotheism as belief in a single, indivisible deity.

Overcoming Ideological Barriers

To overcome the ideological barriers to understanding, one must approach other religious beliefs with an open mind and recognize that definitions and classifications of deity can be fluid and interpreted in various ways.

Answer:

The correct answer is: The relationship between humans and their environments.

Explanation:

Human Ecology Theory´s aim is to make sense of the relationship and interactions between human beings and their environments.  These types of environments mentioned could include the natural environment as well as the social and cultural one.

In addition, it is worth mentioning that the main agents in this theory, the humans and the environment, are believed to be closely interconnected and all the time in constant change.

Human ecology theory addresses the relationship between humans and their environments, including other species. It explores how human activities impact the natural world and aims to promote sustainable interactions between humans and the environment.

Human ecology theory addresses the relationship between humans and their environments and the impact of human activities on the natural world. It focuses on how humans influence and are influenced by their surroundings, including other species. The theory explores topics such as ecosystem dynamics, resource management, and the effects of pollution and habitat destruction on the environment. It aims to understand and promote sustainable interactions between humans and the natural world.

https://brainly.com/question/33559570

#SPJ6

Answer:

A high school

Explanation:

An in-group represents a group of people who psychologically believe that they are part of that group. These groups espouse some ideology that makes members feel psychologically attached to the point of forming a group. A high school is not an in-group because people who are attending high school are not there because they feel psychologically attached to something related to high school but rather because it is their duty to attend this place.

A high school is not an example of an in-group because it is a broad educational institution with many in-groups within it, rather than a group with which individuals identify and express loyalty and belonging.

When considering which option is not an example of an in-group, it helps to understand the characteristics of an in-group. These are groups with which individuals identify and feel loyalty, such as fraternities, sports teams, and religious congregations. In-groups and out-groups are distinguished by a sense of belonging or exclusion, and this can drive competition or negative attitudes towards those not within the in-group. The provided choices include the Ku Klux Klan, a fraternity, a synagogue, and a high school.

Considering the definition of an in-group, the Ku Klux Klan, a fraternity, and a synagogue all meet the criteria since they have a defined set of members who identify with the shared goals, rituals, or beliefs of the group. A high school, by contrast, is a broader educational institution where many different in-groups might exist but is not itself an in-group. Thus, the correct answer for which is not an example of an in-group is a high school.

The correct answer to this open question is the following.

The most significant psychological barrier to critical thinking is mental effort.

The ability to analyze information being objective in order to make a judgment using the reason is what we understand for critical thinking. To do this, you have to evaluate data, sources, statistics, and numbers. Critical thinking is a way to make good decisions or solve complex problems. Mental effort can be a barrier of critical thinking in that it can derive in overthinking information or data, instead of trying to understand ideas or concepts that can be applied.

Final answer:

The most significant psychological barrier to critical thinking is cognitive biases, which are deviations from rational judgment due to the mind's simplification processes. Overcoming these biases requires effortful and skeptical thinking to ensure accurate and reflective decision-making.

Explanation:

Understanding Cognitive Biases

One of the most significant psychological barriers to critical thinking is the influence of cognitive biases. Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment, often occurring as a result of our brain's attempt to simplify information processing. They are not indicative of a lack of intelligence but rather a byproduct of how our minds streamline complex information.

Students, especially at the high school and college levels, can harbor beliefs that are contradictory and at times incoherent, which can impede the development of their critical thinking abilities. These beliefs may stem from a desire to conform to social groups or from the misunderstanding that all claims are merely opinions, leading to a reluctance to scrutinize their own ideas and beliefs critically.

Effortful thinking and skeptical evaluation of our beliefs are essential for overcoming the ease of automatic thinking. While emotional reactions can offer guidance, they must be managed to maintain objectivity in thought processes. It's important to resist mental shortcuts and strive for reflective thought, which can help correct cognitive biases and lead to more accurate decision-making.

Answer: The concept of the iron cage was popularized by Max Weber.

Explanation: Max Weber was a German sociologist. He was born in 1864 and died in 1920. His theories often referred to the importance of social action and the racionalization process. One of his well-known concepts is 'the iron cage', which he used to refer to the effects of capitalism and technological advances on men. In that way, the iron cage makes reference to the influence that capitalism has on the way in which we think and act.

The concept of the iron cage was popularized by the sociological thinker Max Weber. He used this term to describe how rationalization and bureaucracy trap individuals in a restrictive system of rules and calculations. While other sociologists also critiqued modern society, Weber's iron cage concept is unique to his analysis.

The concept of the iron cage was popularized by the sociological thinker Max Weber.

Answer:

On the internet

Explanation:

The most advertisements I notice are pop-up messages on the internet. I spend a lot of time online, reading newspapers, buying things from online shops or chatting with friends.

I notice the advertisements there because they are very eye-catching. Their headlines are written in  big, bold letters, aiming to catch the reader's attention. The headlines are also very interesting or thought-provoking, or offering a very good discount on products. It is difficult not to notice the advertisements on the internet as they are literary everywhere, even on social media where I spend a lot of time each day.

The correct answer is D. Get rich while workers stay poor

Explanation:

The "Conflict theory" is a theory in sociology that states society is mainly inequal because on in there are different social classes or individuals with different conditions and power that makes certain individuals have benefits and power over others which causes tensions and conflict between different social classes or groups that are commonly related to other factors such as age, accessibility to sources, education, origin, etc. Additionally, according to conflict theorists those that are in the power usually keep their position by taking advantage of those that are not in the power, which implies an individual usually stay in only one position.

Considering this, a conflict theorists would view capitalist as those who get rich while workers stay poor, because according to this theory there are social classes or groups, in this case, capitalists that have power over others and besides this, those that have power and have accessibility to sources such as money stay in the same position while those with no power and accessibility to sources stay in a lower position or a poor.

According to the "Conflict theory," which is a sociological theory, society is primarily unequal because different social classes or individuals live there with varying conditions and levels of power. Hence option D is correct.

This leads to tensions and conflict between various social classes or groups, which is frequently correlated with other factors like age, ease of access to resources, education, origin, etc. Furthermore, those in power typically maintain their position by taking advantage of others who are not in power, according to conflict theorists, which suggests that people typically hold only one position at a time.

Given this, conflict theorists would characterize capitalists as people who got rich quickly. According to this theory, there are social classes or groups—in this case, capitalists—that have power over others. Additionally, those who have power and access to resources—such as money—remain in the same position, while those who lack both remain in a lower position or the poor. Rich while workers remain poor.

Therefore option D is correct.

Learn more about capitalists here

https://brainly.com/question/13213613

#SPJ6

Answer:

Due process was not denied.

Explanation:

A school can expel a student without a hearing in emergency situations only and the expulsion must be a temporary one - only up to ten days.

This is applicable in emergency situations only ( the student is a threat to others) and the due process ( the hearing of the case) happens after the disciplinary measure.

The due process in law is a constitutional right and it applies to school expulsions as well. Every student, faced with a punishment in form of expulsion from school, has the right to a proper hearing prior to the administration of the sentence.

Yes, due process was likely denied in the scenario where a student was suspended without any notice or hearing, as per the precedent set in Goss v. Lopez, requiring procedural due process for school suspensions.

Was due process denied in the case of a student suspended from a public school for ten days without any notice or hearing? The answer is yes, due process was likely denied in this scenario. According to the Supreme Court ruling in Goss v. Lopez (1975), students are entitled to procedural due process when facing suspensions. This decision emphasizes that students must receive both oral and written notice of the charges against them, along with an explanation and evidence of the said charges. Furthermore, it mandates that the student has the right to present their side of the story and provide evidence in their defense.

The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to due process, ensuring that no state may deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. This includes public education settings, where suspensions or disciplinary actions affecting a student's access to education must adhere to due process standards. Therefore, a state statute authorizing principals to suspend students without notice or hearing would likely be unconstitutional as it contravenes the requirement for procedural due process established in Goss v. Lopez.

Which of the following occupations is a person of power most likely to have in an information society?

Explanation:

"Information society" is a term to describe modern societies that are based on the information and its creation, use and distribution commonly linked to ICTs or Information and Communication Technology that include computers, telephones, software, among others. Because of this, in this societies occupations that focus on the development of technology or deal with information are those that are in power and prevail over others. Considering this, the one that is an occupation a person of power would have in an information society is Software engineer as this is directly related to the development of technology and therefore exclusive of those that have power in information societies.

Final answer:

In an information society, a person of power is most likely to have the occupation of a software engineer. This role is critical as it involves the design, development, and maintenance of software systems that form the backbone of information societies. Therefore, the correct option is (a) Software engineer.

Explanation:

An information society is characterized by the significant role that information technologies play in economic, political, and cultural life. Individuals in roles that create, manage, and disseminate information, such as software engineers, typically hold more power due to their knowledge and skills that are essential to the function and progression of such a society. Unlike coal miners, children’s book authors, or sharecroppers, software engineers have a direct impact on the technological infrastructure that supports an information society. While other occupations are valuable in different contexts, within the setting of an information society, software engineers have a more influential role due to their ability to innovate and control information technology.

The correct answer is C. Modernization

Explanation:

In sociology, the Modernization theoretical perspective is one of the main perspectives used to understand the development of societies, in this it is stated it is possible for a nation with low-income to become a developed and high-income nations through the development of industry along with changes in the social structure that support work and a specialization in labor. This implies by following this path countries can go through modernization. These ideas fit with the case presented as the shift in the industry, the increase of labor specialization and changes in social structure in China are expected to lead this country to modernization and therefore, this case exemplifies Modernization theoretical perspective.