Answer:Algae contributes to the phosphorus cycle
Explanation:Algae are organisms which have distinct chlorophyll and are autotrophic in nature .Most of them live in water.Algae include the Unicellular chlamydomanas and the multicellular sea weed.some algae are colonial and some are filamentuous.Algae possess chlorophyll, carotenoids and phycobillins as pigments.
Algae are important primary producers in the water bodies and produces a significant portion of oxygen.
Some algae eg diatoms are fossilized due to their glass cell wall and are known as diatomaceous earth, which has various uses such as abrasives,tooth paste and as filters.
Red algae produces calcium carbonate which forms coral reefs.
The products of some algae are used as solid gels and source of agar for microorganism culture.
Tim was admitted for anemia associated with a malignant carcinoma of the left lung. He received treatment for the anemia at this time. The principal diagnosis is theTim was admitted for anemia associated with a malignant carcinoma of the left lung. He received treatment for the anemia at this time. The principal diagnosis is the
Answer:the principal diagnosis is carcinoma.
Explanation:
This is because this types of cancer destroy the ability of the bone marrow to make healthy blood cells, this in turn results in anaemia.
The principal diagnosis referred to in this case is the malignant carcinoma of Tim's left lung. The anemia he is experiencing is secondary, associated with his primary condition, and was treated alongside the lung cancer. His condition may cause his immune system to be compromised, similar to the case of Benjamin.
Explanation:The principal diagnosis in this case is the malignant carcinoma of the left lung. The admission was prompted by anemia associated with the condition, but the anemia is secondary to the lung cancer. Carcinoma refers to a type of cancer that starts in cells that make up the skin or the tissue lining organs, such as the lungs. In this case, these malignant cells are present in the lung, hence the 'malignant carcinoma of the left lung', which is the primary disease being treated. Tim's anemia was also managed at the same time, as it is a critical symptom directly related to his lung cancer.
Similar to the case of Benjamin, anemia can be caused by various reasons such as overproduction of non-functional leukocytes or side-effects from chemotherapy. Benjamin's immune system was compromised due to his chronic myelogenous leukemia and chemotherapy, which limited his ability to fight off infections. This is something that may also affect Tim, considering his compromised state stemming from the carcinoma and the subsequent anemia.
Anemia, the condition linked to the primary diagnosis, is characterized by a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells in the body. Stem cells from bone marrow are crucial components in the process of generating new blood cells, hence, their importance in treating severe forms of anemia and some types of cancer.
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There are amphibians that are even larger than bullfrogs. Which of the following could explain how such a large amphibium could obtain a sufficient rate of diffusion of respiratory gases? Select all that apply: Select one or more: a. different shape (e.g. flat or ribbon shaped) b. dry skin c. reduced metabolic rate (reduced rate of cellular respiration) d. larger internal surface area of the lungs e. living in an environment of lower oxygen concentration
Answer:
a. different shape (e.g. flat or ribbon shaped).
d. larger internal surface area of the lungs.
Explanation:
Amphibians are cold blooded animals. They have a low rate of metabolism . Amphibians are located most where there is water or in moist environment because of their skin and how important it is to keep their skin moist.
Amphibians breathe through their skin and this can be called cutaneous respiration. Their lungs are not well developed therefore they undergo a very slow diffusion of oxygen through their blood.
For Amphibians that are larger than bull frogs, they obtain a very sufficient rate of diffusion of gases due to the following reasons:
a. Internal surface area of the lungs: Amphibians that are larger than bull frogs tend to have a more developed respiratory organs which means there lungs have a larger surface area and they are well developed.
b. They have a different body shape: Amphibians larger than bull frogs could have a flat or ribbon shape and their body shapes make it easier for respiratory gases like oxygen to permeate or enter their skin easily.
Large amphibians can adapt to ensure sufficient gas exchange via a few means: a different body shape to maximize surface area, a reduced metabolic rate to lower the demand for oxygen, and a larger internal surface area of the lungs for increased gas exchange sites. Dry skin and lower oxygen concentration environments are not beneficial for this process.
Explanation:In the context of Biology, amphibians rely on respiration through their skin and lungs to obtain oxygen. Therefore, large amphibians may have certain adaptations to ensure the efficient diffusion of respiratory gases. Some potential adaptations include:
Different shape: A flattened or ribbon-like shape can allow for a larger surface area in relation to its volume, encouraging more efficient oxygen diffusion.Reduced metabolic rate: By slowing down the metabolic reactions, they can reduce the demand for oxygen.Larger internal surface area of the lungs: A greater lung surface area allows for more sites where gases can be exchanged.Note that dry skin and lower oxygen concentration environment are not beneficial adaptations for gas exchange, as dry skin restricts gas exchange and a low oxygen environment would reduce the overall available oxygen for the amphibian.
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11) algae → water flea → small fish → big fish Use the food chain to answer the question. What would MOST LIKELY happen to the population of the water flea if the algae decreased? A) It would increase. B) It would decrease. C) It would not change. D) It would first increase, then decrease.
Answer: Option B) It would decrease
Explanation:
Since algae is a producer, while water flea is a primary consumer; a decrease in algae infer a shortage of food for the water flea, which therefore begins Intra-specie competition that could lead to starvation and death among the water flea specie.
Tropomyosin is long enough to cover the active sites on _________ g- actin molecules.
Explanation:
Tropomyosin is a progression of long string-like polypeptides joined start to finish that matches every F actin strand, strengthens and solidifies the F dynamic strands, and capacities to either cover up or uncover the "dynamic sites" on each globular actin molecule.One single tropomyosin atom is sufficiently long to cover the dynamic restricting destinations on seven G-actin particles. These are where actin atoms tie with the thicker myosin particles.In the Morse code, a series of two signal types (dots and dashes) code for 26 different letters of the alphabet. How is this analogous to the genetic code? Select one: a. The bases that make up DNA are coded by the sugar-phosphate backbone. b. The machinery involved in DNA synthesis is analogous to the telegraph equipment used in sending Morse code. c. The bases of DNA code for the more complex amino acid sequence of the proteins in cells. d. There is complementarity in the genetic code (A is complementary to T, and C is complementary to G).
Answer:
c. The bases of DNA code for the more complex amino acid sequence of the proteins in cells.
Explanation:
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material e.g codons, into proteins.
Morse code is a method used in telecommunication to encode text characters as standardized sequences of two different signal durations, called dots and dashes. Morse alphabets have been developed for many non-English natural languages that use letters other than the 26 Roman letters.
The genetic code is to genetics what Morse code is to telecommunications.
What is the lineage of a jawless vertebrate?
Answer:
Lamprey (agnathans) is the lineage of a jawless vertebrate.
Explanation:
Lampreys are jawless fishes (or agnathans), closely related to other living vertebrates, the jawed vertebrates (or gnathostomes). They, along with hagfish, are the only known surviving lineage of once diverse groups of jawless fishes. Living cyclostomes are modern yet they have some anatomic elements that appear to be retained from primitive members of their own groups, and possibly of primitive ancestral vertebrates. Lampreys are readily obtainable, and comparisons between lampreys and vertebrates are useful for the identification of developmental traits that are putatively derived from ancestral vertebrates. Of the two cyclostome groups, lampreys are the more experimentally tractable developmental models, and work has been done on a variety of species.
Describe a multicellular exocrine gland
Answer:
They are produced or originated from an epithelial sheet(like the endocrine glands) but will never lose the duct connecting them to the free surface of the epithelial sheet (surface of the skin or lumen of the open body cavities. They transport their product through a duct on the epithelial surface.
They transport their product through a duct on the epithelial surface.
An exocrine gland that has an unbranched duct would be classified as a multicellular simple gland correct multicellular exocrine glands with unbranched ducts are simple those with branched ducts are compound unicellular exocrine glands do not have ducts
A twin study is conducted to examine the role of genetics and environment on the fondness of individuals for chocolate. Which of the following results would lead to the conclusion that genetic factors are important in the development of this trait?
a. Twins who have lived together are more similar on the trait than twins who have lived apart.
b. Twins who have lived apart are more similar on the trait than twins who have lived together.
c. Identical twins are more similar on the trait than fraternal twins.
d. Fraternal twins are more similar on the trait than identical twins
"Identical twins are more similar on the trait than fraternal twins" would lead to the conclusion that genetic factors are important in the development of this trait.
Option: C
Explanation:
Research performed on identical or fraternal twins are twin investigations. We seek to expose the significance for characteristics, phenotypes and diseases of environmental and genetic factors. Twin work is considered a key instrument in the domains of behavioral genetics and material, from biology to psychology.
Fraternal or dizygous twins each share around 50 % of their DNA, just like any other parent. Since the twins are born into the same family they share other factors of their surroundings. The existence of a given genetic or phenotypic trait in just one component of a pair of twins called discordance offers a valuable insight into influence on such a trait on climate.
It has been suggested that men in many cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because men are genetically predisposed to seek female features associated with youthful fertility. This suggestion BEST illustrates:a. social learning theory.
b. behavior genetics.
c. Freudian psychology.
d. an evolutionary perspective.
This suggestion BEST illustrates: an evolutionary perspective.
Explanation:
It has been observed that older men tend to marry younger women and women prefer to marry older and taller men. This could be thought of as a evolutionary perspective because by selecting such mates they make them socially more fit. Because when men marry younger women they tend to stick to the single relationship as per their psychological nature. Again when women marry older men they ensure their safety.
Final answer:
The tendency for men to marry younger women due to attraction to youthful fertility is best explained by an evolutionary perspective (d), which is concerned with behaviors that increase the chances of gene propagation. Evolutionary psychology shows that both sexes have developed particular mate preferences that are advantageous for reproductive success. Sociobiologists emphasize the role of genetic and physical traits as indicators of a suitable mate.
Explanation:
The suggestion that men in many cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because of a genetic predisposition to seek features associated with youthful fertility best illustrates an evolutionary perspective. This perspective is based on the idea that behaviors and preferences have developed over time to increase the likelihood of passing on genes to the next generation. Men are predisposed to seek multiple relationships with younger women to improve their inclusive fitness, while women tend to select partners who can provide and protect resources, which often correlates with higher socioeconomic status and older age. Evolutionary psychologists have found that preferences for traits such as youth and attractiveness in mates generally align with the needs of reproductive success. This is because such characteristics are indicators of good health and fertility. Men may value physical traits that suggest potential reproductive capacity more than women, who may prioritize the capacity of a mate to provide resources and protection. Sociobiologists and evolutionary psychologists also consider how physical characteristics and genetic traits influence mating strategies and preferences. These biological factors, such as symmetry and sex prototypicality, are seen as evidence of genetic fitness and the ability to produce healthy offspring. Simultaneously, women's preferences are also shaped by cultural factors that emphasize qualities such as love and kindness, which can provide social security and emotional support.
Rocio and Thomas have three sons. Rocio is pregnant with another son. Research on the older-brother effect indicates that the chances of the fourth son being homosexual is ________ percent.
Explanation:
The term Homosexuality was given by a German psychologist, Karoly Maria Benkert in 19th Century.Homosexual are the person who are sexually attracted to people of their own sex. Lesbian is the term used for females and Gay is the term used for males who are homosexual.An individual's sexual orientation is difficult for the scientist to determine. It can be due to the factors such as environmental, hormonal etc.
Metabolism using an electron transport system is classified based on the nature of the initial electron donors and terminal electron acceptors. Lithotrophy uses __________ molecules as the __________ electron __________. Choose one: A. organic; initial; donors B. inorganic; final; acceptors C. organic; final; acceptors D. inorganic; initial; donors
Answer: C organic; final; accpetors
If organisms A, B, and C belong to the same class but to different orders and if organisms C, D, and E belong to the same order but to different families, which of the following pairs of organisms would be expected to show the greatest degree of structural homology?1. A and D2. B and D3. B and C4. D and E
D and E
Explanation:
As we move from a higher rank to a lower rank in the taxonomic hierarchy, the degree of similarities increases.i.e. the degree of similarities increases from kingdom to species. Species contain the individual who are most similar and can interbreed among themselves.
Since, A , B and C belong to same class while C, D and E belong to same order, the degree of similarity between C,D and E will be more than that of the degree of similarity between A, B and C.
Again since C belongs to the class of A and B ,it will be more distant from D and E.
Thus D and E will be more similar than D and C or E and C.
the bone marrow of the skeletal system produces lymphocytes which belong to what system
Answer: Immune system
Explanation:
Lymphocytes are a class of white blood cells (leukocytes) involved in immune response when activated by the a foreign molecule (an antigen). B lymphocytes develop in the bone marrow of mammals and are responsible for the production of circulating antibodies.
Thus, lymphocytes are associated with the immune system.
Answer: It belongsto the lymphatic system
Explanation: I studied this in the 10th grade.
What is nutrient pollution, and how does it get into the ocean? Where does it come from?
Answer:
Nutrient pollution is the process where too many nutrients, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, are added to bodies of water and can act like fertilizer, causing excessive growth of algae. Nutrients can run off of land in urban areas where lawn and garden fertilizers are used. When the algae and seagrass die, they decay. When it rains, the growth aids in the soil drift. These substances eventually make their way into rivers and streams. Once they reach the ocean, the many nutrients, including high levels of nitrogen, that the fertilizers are carrying are released into the water.
Final answer:
Nutrient pollution occurs when excess nutrients enter aquatic environments and disrupt the ecosystem. It can come from sources such as human sewage and agricultural runoff. This pollution leads to algal blooms, oxygen depletion, and negative impacts on marine life.
Explanation:
Nutrient pollution occurs when excess nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, enter aquatic environments and cause an imbalance in the ecosystem. This pollution can come from various sources, including human sewage, agricultural runoff, and industrial discharges.
Human sewage can throw ecosystems out of balance by introducing high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, which act as fertilizers for algae in the water. The excessive growth of algae leads to algal blooms, which deplete oxygen levels in the water and harm other aquatic organisms. This imbalance in nutrient cycles, particularly the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles, can disrupt the normal functioning of the ecosystem.
Agricultural runoff can also have detrimental effects on ecosystems. When fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture are washed away by rain or irrigation, they can enter water bodies and contribute to nutrient pollution. This excess of nutrients can cause eutrophication, where algal blooms occur and deplete oxygen levels in the water, leading to dead zones where marine life cannot survive. These changes in the food web can result in a decline in fish populations and overall ecosystem health.
The more than 500 species of fruit fly on the various Hawaiian Islands, all apparently descended from a single ancestral species, are an excellent example of __________.
Answer:
Adaptive radiation
Explanation:
adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches.
Question 5
The process where one group of species is replaced with others over time is called _____.
a. Climax community
b. Natural selection
c. Ecological succession
d. Evolution
Ecological succession is a biological process where one group of species is gradually replaced with another over time. It's a key mechanism of the diversity in ecosystems. For example, after a wildfire, grasses may first colonize the land then be replaced by shrubs and eventually trees.
Explanation:The process where one group of species is replaced with others over time is called ecological succession. This biological phenomenon happens when an ecological community undergoes a series of changes which leads to the replacement of one group of species by another group. For instance, after a wildfire, the land may initially be colonized by grasses, then shrubs and eventually trees. In each stage of the process, the existing community modifies the environment in ways that make it suitable for the next stage. This constant process is what shapes the diverse ecosystems.
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I believe the answer is "A". Please correct me.
Which statement best describes the role of animals in the water and carbon cycles?
Select one:
a. Animals release carbon dioxide and water vapor as a by‐product of cellular respiration.
b. Animals release carbon dioxide and water vapor as a by‐product of photosynthesis.
c. Animals take in carbon dioxide and oxygen during cellular respiration.
d. Animals use oxygen to perform photosynthesis and release carbon dioxide as a by‐product.
Answer:
The right answer is A
Explanation:
Because animals take in sugar and oxygen, break them down and release carbon dioxide and water along with ATP as usable energy.
Answer:
i think its actually b
Explanation:
Jasper has been sleeping for about 90 minutes when his brain shows rapid, irregular waves. His blood pressure rises, his heart rate increases, and his skeletal muscles go limp. Which of the following is the most likely conclusion?a. Jasper is chronically sleep-deprived and his sleep, like his daytime activities, is abnormal.
b. Jasper is experiencing physiological changes that are normal for the third stage of sleep.
c. Jasper is experiencing unusual sleep because during the day he engaged in strenuous physical activities.
d. Jasper is experiencing physiological changes that are normal during REM sleep.
Answer:
d. Jasper is experiencing physiological changes that are normal during REM sleep.
Explanation:
Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM), also referred to as paradoxical sleep, is a state of sleep in the normal sleep cycle, which involves active movement of the muscles of the eyes, and the diaphragm, as well as increased brain activity. However, the skeletal muscles are relaxed. This type of sleep is characterized by vivid dreams as brain activity is intense, although there is absence of no motor function during this sleep.
We can conclude that, the physiological changes experienced by Jasper are normal during REM sleep.
What is an essential component of all viruses?
Answer:
See the answer and explanation below, please.
Explanation:
Viruses may have RNA or DNA genetic material. Those who have wrapping, this is composed of proteins, which is called capside.
When explaining how carbon dioxide combines with water to form carbonic acid as part of an acid-base lecture, the faculty instructor emphasizes that which enzyme is needed as a catalyst for this reaction?
Answer:
Carbonic anhydrase is the enzyme that convert the Carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid.
Explanation:
When aqueous form of carbon dioxide reacts with water,it produces carbonic anhydrase which is acidic.
The reaction is-
H₂O+CO₂⇒H₂CO₃
Carbonic acid is a volatile acid which play an important role in bicarbonate buffer system and thus it maintains acid base level.
Carbonic acid is a weak acid that form 2 type of salts that are carbonate and bicarbonate.
Carbonic acid causes dissolve of limestone.
It can't exist in pure form.
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Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they are _____.
a. large
b. too complex
c. lipid-based
d. not easily dissolved in blood
e. polar
Answer: Option E) polar
Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they are polar
Explanation:
Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones such as serotonin, epinephrine, dopamine etc, are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they consist of several repeating units of amino acids with positively charged or negatively charged side chains.
Thus, the side chains make these hormones water-loving (hydrophilic), and impassable to the hydrophobic layer of the cell membrane.
Some nematode worms suck plant juices from the roots of plants and are economically important agricultural pests. Some fungi are usually decomposers of plant material, but some trap and kill nematodes at times. Arthrobotrys traps and kills nematodes, especially when they lack nitrogen sources. These two facts suggest that farmers could find Arthrobotrys an important tool in combating nematode infestations. Which of the following research questions would make a good starting point for developing such a defense against plant-sucking nematodes?A. What mechanisms do nematodes have that could allow them to escape from Arthrobotrys?B. Does nitrogen fertilization of crops affect the likelihood that ArthrobotrysC. What is the evolutionarily oldest method of trapping nematodes?D. Do nitrogen-fixing bacteria provide nitrogen to the fungi?
Answer:
A. What mechanisms do nematodes have that could allow them to escape from Arthrobotrys?
Explanation:
Since the research question has to do with likely defense mechanisms of nematodes against the traps and death from Arthrobotrys, option A seems like the most plausible option out of all the options.
Option B seems incomplete while C and D have no direct relation with defense mechanism of nematodes against Arthrobotrys.
Chlorophyll molecules donate electrons to an electron acceptor ____.
Explanation:
Chlorophyll molecules donate electrons to an electron acceptor in the reaction center.The "energized."is also known as when the photon makes an electron in the chlorophyll . The vitality given to the electron at that point goes starting with one shade atom then onto the next until it arrives at a couple of chlorophyll a particles called the reaction center. When Electrons of a Chlorophyll Molecule are eager to a higher vitality level, They are moved to a Primary Electron Acceptor. Chlorophyll helps this exchange as when chlorophyll ingests light vitality, an electron in chlorophyll is energized from a lower vitality state to a higher vitality state. This electron is more readily transferred to another molecule.The cell cycle is the Select one: a. series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. b. period of time between the birth and the death of a cell. c. time from prophase until cytokinesis. d. time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.
Answer:
A) series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
Explanation:
Cell cycle refers to the sequential events which take place during the division of one parent cell to daughter cells.
Since the cell divides continuously in the multicellular organism therefore these events are repeated over and over again that is the same steps are repeated a thus is known as cyclic events.
The cell cycle takes place into two phases: the interphase during which the cell prepares itself for nuclear division and the karyokinesis during which the nucleus divides.
Thus, Option-A is correct.
Plant cells - chloroplast - chlorophyll. All are needed for photosynthesis. Where does most of the photosynthesis take place in the plant?
A.Flower
B) fruit
C) leaves
D) stem
Answer: Option C) leaves
Explanation:
Autotrophs including green plants consists of cells that have chloroplasts, these chloroplasts possess a green coloured pigment called chlorophyll that are abundant in the leaves, and helps in receiving trapping sun light among other simple inorganic molecules like atmospheric carbon dioxide and water, necessary for the synthesis of sugar molecules during the process of photosynthesis.
Thus, the abundant presence of chlorophyll in leaves makes photosynthesis occur more in leaves
C) leaves Photosynthesis takes place inside plant cells in small things called chloroplasts. Chloroplasts (mostly found in the mesophyll layer) contain a green substance called chlorophyll. Below are the other parts of the cell that work with the chloroplast to make photosynthesis happen. the plant cells are found in the leaves
Which of the following is the correct sequence that describes the excitation and contraction of a skeletal muscle fiber? 1. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites. 2. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex. 3. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 4. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of the myosin molecules using energy from atp. 5. An action potential in a motor neuron causes the axon to release acetylcholine
Answer: The correct sequence is 5-3-2-1-4.
Explanation:
The signals from the motor neurons are released which helps in releasing the acetylcholine.
The depolarized sarcoplasmic reticulum which releases calcium ions.
The released calcium ions gets attached to the troponin complex. Due to this binding the tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross bridge.
The thin filaments are attached to the thick filaments by the help of the head of myosin using the energy generated from ATP.
The correct sequence of excitation and contraction in a skeletal muscle fiber begins with the release of acetylcholine from a motor neuron, followed by the depolarization of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, binding of calcium to the troponin complex, shifting of tropomyosin, and ratcheting of thin filaments across the thick filaments.
Explanation:Your question pertains to the sequence of excitation and contraction in a skeletal muscle fiber. The correct sequence is as follows:
An action potential in a motor neuron causes the axon to release acetylcholine. Transverse tubules depolarize the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Calcium is released and binds to the troponin complex. Tropomyosin shifts and unblocks the cross-bridge binding sites. The thin filaments are ratcheted across the thick filaments by the heads of the myosin molecules using energy from ATP.
This process initiates the sequence that leads to muscle contraction. Each step in the sequence is essential for the contraction of the muscle fiber, and any disruption in the sequence could impair muscle function.
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In many tissues, one of the earliest responses to cellular injury is a rapid increase in the level of enzymes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway. Ten days after an injury, heart tissue has levels of G6PD and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase that are 20 to 30 times higher than normal, whereas the levels of glycolytic enzymes are only 10 to 20% of normal. Suggest an explanation for this phenomenon.
Explanation:
Ten days after an injury, there is still cellular and tissue repair going on. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase are two enzymes involved in the pentose phosphate pathway which are also found in abundance in neutrophils and macrophages. These phagocytic cells of the immune system utilize NADPH to generate superoxide radicals from molecular oxygen, which are used to kill the pathogens or damaged cells they have ingested. The great rise in these two enzymes could be coming from these immune cells as they are cleaning up the damaged tissue. Additionally, these immune cells use these two enzymes to produce NADPH, which can be used to counterbalance oxidative stress via the action of the glutathione system. Injured tissue can cause oxidative stress and increase the need for action from the glutathione system. The glycolytic enzyme activity would be decreased as some of the glucose is shunted to the pentose phosphate pathway to favor tissue repair over the ATP generation which comes from the glycolytic pathway reactions.(1) Cell membranes (plasma membranes) help organisms maintain__________ homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells. (2) Some substances can cross a cell membrane through passive transport, while other substances can only cross a cell membrane through active transport. What is the difference between active and passive cellular transport?
Answer:
Explanation:
Active cellular transport:
It is the movement of molecules against the concentration gradient (from low concentration to high). Active transport requires expense of energy supplied by ATP.It is a rapid way to transport of large sized molecules.Passive cellular transport:
It is the movement of molecules along the concentration gradient (from high concentration to low).Passive transport does not require expense of energy. It is a slow process and small sized molecules get transprorted.The key difference between active and passive cellular transport is the use of cellular energy. Passive transport does not require energy and moves substances from high to low concentration. In contrast, active transport requires energy to move substances from low to high concentration.
Explanation:The difference between active and passive cellular transport lies in the use of cellular energy. Passive transport does not require energy from the cell. Examples of passive transport include diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion. Substances move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.
Active transport, on the other hand, does require energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). This is because substances are moved against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. An example of active transport is the Sodium-Potassium pump in nerve cells.
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Endosymbiosis of cyanobacteria is widely accepted as an explanation for the development of chloroplasts. The presence of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria provided a cell with the advantage of ________.
Answer:
The correct answer is- photosynthesis
Explanation:
According to the endosymbiotic theory, an ancestral cell engulfed a cyanobacteria and lived in symbiotic association with that bacteria and over time this bacteria evolved into the chloroplast and the ancestral cell developed into plant cell.
So as cyanobacteria was the first aerobic cell that can evolve oxygen and can do photosynthesis to produce organic food so it could be concluded that the presence of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria provided a cell with the advantage of photosynthesis.
Enzyme secreted in saliva that breaks starch into smaller particles and eventually into the disaccharide maltose Hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to increased blood levels of glucose. Hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas in response to decreased blood levels of glucose. Sucrose is commonly known as ______ Most common sucralose-based product ______. Fatty acids that must be consumed in the diet because they cannot be made by our bodies. Amino acids not produced by the body that must be obtained from food. Enzyme in the stomach that begins the breakdown of proteins into shorter polypeptide chains and single amino acids. Two or more foods that together contain all nine essential amino acids necessary for a complete protein. Molecule consisting of three fatty acids attached to a three-carbon glycerol backbone.
Explanation:
Sucrose is a disaccharide sugar, which means it is comprised of two monosaccharide sugar units. Sucrose is a characteristic synthetic found in plants, despite the fact that it can likewise be synthesized in a lab. It is a lot simpler and less expensive to extract it from plants than to make it without any preparation. Sugarcane and sugar beets are the two plants that are utilized to make most sucrose, or refined table sugar. Splenda is a manufactured sugar that isn't perceived by the body. Sucralose just makes up around 5 percent of Splenda. The other 95 percent contains a building operator called maltodextrin, which fills in as filler, and corn-based dextrose, a sort of sugar. Splenda is utilized as a sugar substitute in cooking and preparing, and it's additional to a great many "zero calorie" nourishment items.
Amylase initiates starch digestion in the mouth, forming maltose, while other enzymes like maltase continue the process in the small intestine. Essential nutrients like fatty acids and amino acids must be consumed in the diet, and pepsin is an enzyme that aids in protein digestion in the stomach. Triglycerides serve as a significant energy storage molecule in the body.
Explanation:Throughout the process of digestion, various enzymes and hormones play essential roles in breaking down the food we eat into usable nutrients. One such enzyme is amylase, which is secreted in the saliva and begins the digestion of starches by breaking them into smaller particles, eventually forming the disaccharide maltose. Once the food reaches the duodenum, pancreatic juices containing more amylase continue this breakdown. Disaccharides like maltose, sucrose, and lactose are further digested into monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, and galactose) by the enzymes maltase, sucrase, and lactase present in the small intestine.
As part of the dietary macronutrients required by our body, essential fatty acids and essential amino acids must be obtained through food, as our bodies cannot synthesize them. The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach, where the enzyme pepsin initiates the breakdown of proteins into shorter chains and amino acids. Combinations of different food sources, such as beans and rice, can provide all nine essential amino acids and are known as complementary proteins. Lastly, a triglyceride is a molecule consisting of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone, serving as an important form of energy storage in our bodies.