Mesosphere layers of the atmosphere contain charged gas molecules that glow and produce light when hit by solar energy. Thus, option B is correct.
What is an Earth?The third planet from the sun, Earth is a planet in the solar system where life is known to exist. It is home to both living and non-living organisms. It has one moon and revolves around the sun.
The coolest part of the Upper orbit is called the mesosphere. This stratum of the environment seems to be where meteorites break into microscopic dust particles. The abundance of water vapor, the transfer of pollutants, and climate patterns are all significantly affected by the mesosphere.
Whenever solar radiation strikes electrified oxygen components within mesosphere levels of the atmosphere, they burn and generate electricity, creating illuminating gases Therefore, option B is the correct option.
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Final answer:
The A) thermosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that contains charged gas molecules that glow and produce light when hit by solar energy, leading to glowing gases such as the northern lights.
Explanation:
The layer of the atmosphere that contains charged gas molecules that glow and produce light when hit by solar energy, leading to glowing gases such as the northern lights, is the thermosphere. The thermosphere starts just above the mesosphere and extends to 600 kilometers (372 miles) high. It is in this layer that auroras occur due to the interaction between solar energy and charged particles in the ionosphere.
Thus, it is a layer of Earth's atmosphere characterized by its high temperatures and low density. The thermosphere is where solar activity strongly influences the temperature, causing it to rise significantly. Electrified oxygen components in the mesosphere layers of the atmosphere burn and produce electricity whenever solar radiation touches them, releasing gases that are visible to the na-ked eye.
Poorly sorted sediment deposits containing rock fragments in a fine-grained matrix that might conjure images of Alfred Wegener are called _________.a. lutites
b. stalactites
c. breccias
d. melanges
e. diamictites
The diamictites are mixed type of lithified sedimentary rocks that consist of non sorted or poorly made land sediments.
They consort of particles that range form the size of bolder to clays. They can be found in a suspended matrix of mudstone or sandstone. Hence they are non-sorted and poorly sorted deposited.Hence the option E is correct.
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How did the Manchus, with a very small population in comparison to that of the Ming Dynasty, manage to conquer the great Chinese empire?
Answer:
They took advantage of the chaos and anarchy plaguing the country
Explanation:
The Manchus succeeded as the ruling dynasty when the last Ming emperor died after the destruction of yellow river which unleashed the flood that destroyed hundreds of thousands of people coupled with the break down of social order, wide spread of smallpox and two people taking control of separate parts of the country and declaring new dynasties.
Final answer:
The Manchus conquered the Ming Empire by exploiting the dynasty's internal turmoil and strategic mistakes. They effectively absorbed Chinese administrative practices and gained the support of many Chinese officials. This led to the Manchu capture of Beijing, the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, and subsequent rule over China for nearly three centuries.
Explanation:
The Manchus, a small but well-organized ethnic group, conquered the Ming Empire by capitalizing on the Ming Dynasty's internal weaknesses and strategic blunders. Despite their smaller population, the Manchus unified under strong military leaders and adopted Chinese administrative practices, increasing their appeal to Chinese officials. During the Ming dynasty's decline, faced with internal rebellions and high expenditures, many Chinese bureaucrats and military leaders defected to the Manchus due to the Ming Dynasty's corruption and incapability to tackle problems.
After the death of the Manchu leader Nurhaci, his son Hong Taiji took over and continued to expand control over Chinese territory. As the Ming dynasty's power waned, General Wu Sangui made the consequential decision to ally with the Manchus to fend off a peasant rebellion, allowing the Manchus through the Great Wall. This led to the capture of Beijing in 1644 and the establishment of the Qing Dynasty. The transition to full control took until 1683, but the Manchus were careful to maintain superior positions, requiring demonstrations of loyalty such as the Manchu hairstyle mandate.
The Qing Dynasty emphasized traditional Chinese philosophies and maintained strict control over trade and social order. Through adept governance, the Qing Dynasty marked a golden age in China's history, with population growth and contributions to Chinese literature. The Manchus managed to become the rulers of China by both military conquest and integrating into the existing social fabric, never completely eliminating Chinese culture but rather adapting and enforcing their rule within it.
A primary characteristic of Geography is its:__________.
a.focus on behavioral analysis
b.global perspective and interest in interrelationships
c.emphasis on field work and travel study of historical perspectives
d.compared to modern actions focus on numeric analysis
Answer:
b.global perspective and interest in interrelationships .
Explanation:
At the time of the Civil War, the settlements of Anglo southerners in Texas did not extend west much beyond this geographic feature, which separates the Coastal Plains and pine forest regions of the state from the middle and High Plains regions.
Answer:
The answer is the Balcones Escarpment.
Explanation:
The Balcones Escarpment is a geologic fault zone several miles wide that extends in an arc right across Texas from Del Rio to the Red River. In Del Rio it is about 1,000 feet high, and where it extends from San Antonio to Austin where it is about 300 feet high to Waco. It is the Balcones that creates the Hill Country in Texas, and that marks the beginning of the Edwards Plateau and the High Plains beyond. The rich and fertile prairie land that was the foundation of the cotton industry runs up to this escarpment but it acts like a wall. Above that on the plateau the ground is hard and craggy, marking a sharp distinction between farmers to the east on the fertile soils, and ranchers to the west but it was once a barrier for further settlement west.
Final answer:
The Gulf-Atlantic Coastal Plain separated the Coastal Plains and pine forest regions from the middle and High Plains regions in Texas during the Civil War.
Explanation:
The geographic feature that separates the Coastal Plains and pine forest regions of Texas from the middle and High Plains regions is the Gulf-Atlantic Coastal Plain. During the time of the Civil War, the settlements of Anglo southerners in Texas did not extend much beyond this feature. The Coastal Plains were dedicated to plantation agriculture using African slave labor.
What is one of the responsibilities of an environmental science and protection technician? A. managing waste B. conducting tests to monitor pollution C. formulating environmental regulations D. enforcing environmental regulations E. developing solutions for environmental problems
Answer:
One of the responsibilities of an environmental science and protection technician is Option B: Conducting tests to monitor pollution.
Explanation:
Environmental science and protection technicians are trained to help monitor the environment. They know a lot about the mechanics of testing for contamination and searching for the sources of pollution in the environment. These technicians often work as consultants or for government agencies or laboratory facilities that do a lot of environmental research. They are sometimes part of a wider team of scientists and researchers who ask the technicians to carry out specific tests on their behalf as part of the research. The environmental science and protection technician might also test for noncompliance with environmental regulations, but he or she is rarely expected to formulate those regulations or to enforce them.
The daily insolation received at 90*N in June is so high because:1. The sunlight is most concentrated at this latitude 2. The sun rays are most oblique at this latitude 3. There are never clouds at the north pole in June4. The 24 hour day length allows a very high total insolation, despite a lower instantaneous insolation.
Answer:
Option 4
Explanation:
Because the 24 hours day length allow a very high total isolation despite a lower instantaneous insolation
Biostratigraphy is the process of using "index fossils" to determine the age of a rock unit. An ideal index fossil comes from organisms that had_______________.
Answer:
Index fossils come from organisms that were distinct, widespread, abundant and short lived.
Index fossil, any animal or plant preserved in the rock record of the Earth that is characteristic of a particular span of geologic time or environment. A useful index fossil must be distinctive or easily recognizable, abundant, and have a wide geographic distribution and a short range through time. Index fossils are the basis for defining boundaries in the geologic time scale and for the correlation of strata. In marine strata, index fossils that are commonly used include the single-celled Protista with hard body parts and larger forms such as ammonoids. In terrestrial sediments of the Cenozoic Era, which began about 65.5 million years ago, mammals are widely used to date deposits. All of these animal forms have hard body parts, such as shells, bones, and teeth, and evolved rapidly.
Index fossil
What type of rocks are formed by processes powered by the sun? A. metamorphic B. sedimentary C. igneous
The type of rocks that are formed by processes powered by the Sun are the sedimentary rocks.
Explanation:
There are three basic types of rocks on Earth, and all have their own specific way in which they form. The igneous rocks form under the influence of inside forces, or rather the rising magma from the mantle layer. The sedimentary rocks form under the influence of the outside forces, powered by the Sun. The metamorphic rocks form from preexisting rocks that have been influenced by inside force.
The sedimentary rocks, as mentioned, are formed by the influence of the outside forces which are powered by the Sun. The Sun powers the winds, temperatures, formation of ice, evaporation, precipitation etc. All these things have the ability to dissolve rocks, gradually creating sediments, which later manage to merge under certain temperature, pressure, and material that would act as natural glue for the sediments.
Some sedimentary rocks are:
SandstoneLimestoneBrecciaConglomerateLearn more about igneous rocks https://brainly.com/question/607324
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Final answer:
Sedimentary rocks are created by processes driven by the sun such as weathering, erosion, and deposition, which involve the breakdown and transport of materials that are then deposited and cemented together to form new rocks.
Explanation:
The types of rocks that are formed by processes powered by the sun are sedimentary rocks. These rocks are created when fragments of pre-existing rocks or organic materials, such as shells, are deposited by elements like wind or water and then cemented together over time without melting. Processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition, all driven by solar energy, contribute to the formation of sedimentary rocks. Therefore, among the options provided, the correct answer is B. sedimentary.
Which of the following is correctly matched?A. conduction--molecule-to-molecule heat transferB. advection-strongly vertical mixingC. radiation-assimilation and conversion ofD. convection-strongly horizontal mixing
Answer:
A. conduction--molecule-to-molecule heat transfer
Explanation:
A. The transfer of energy through a substance. In heat conduction, energy is transferred from molecule to molecule by direct contact; the molecules themselves do not necessarily change position, but simply vibrate more or less quickly against each other.
B. The option said strongly vertical mixing while advection is the transfer of heat or matter by the flow of a fluid, especially horizontally in the atmosphere or the sea.
C. Radiation is not assimilation and conversion. Radiation is the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.
D. Convection is not strongly horizontal mixing. Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) between areas of different temperature.
Most cloudiness and precipitation associated with a cold front occur as a relatively _________ band along or just ahead of where the front intersects Earth's surface.a. narrowb. broad
Answer:
a.narrow
Explanation:
Most cloudiness and precipitation associated with cold front occurs at a NARROW band along or just ahead of where the front intersect Earth's surface.
Imagine you are a geologist charged with the task of choosing which sites listed below should get state-of-the-art volcano monitoring systems. Which of the volcanoes below is least in need of monitoring?
a. Mount Rainier, Washingtonb. Kauai, Hawaii
c. Kilauea, Hawaii
d. Mount Fuji/Fujiyama, Japan
Kauai in Hawaii, with its dormant volcanoes, is the least in need of advanced volcano monitoring systems compared to the actively threatening volcanoes Mount Rainier, Kilauea, and Mount Fuji.
Explanation:Among the volcanoes listed, Kauai in Hawaii is the least in need of a state-of-the-art volcano monitoring system. Kauai is home to dormant volcanoes that are not currently showing signs of activity. In contrast, Mount Rainier is an active stratovolcano with a significant risk of future eruptions, Kilauea is among the world’s most active volcanoes, and Mount Fuji in Japan is an active stratovolcano and also a significant risk due to its proximity to populated areas. Given that Kauai's volcanic threat is minimal compared to the others, it would be deemed the least in priority for state-of-the-art monitoring.
As a result of scientists’ pressure, in 1961 twelve countries signed a treaty to _____. A. the coal being mined in Antarctica B. share research in Antarctica C. give Antarctica to the United Nations D. divide Antarctica into pie-shaped wedges
As a result of scientists’ pressure, in 1961 twelve countries signed a treaty to share research in Antarctica.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
It was in the year 1959 when the Antarctic treaty was signed in Washington by 12 countries. The treaty came into force in the year 1961. The main reason why the Antarctic treaty was formed is because of the conflict between the governance over the Antarctic.
With the help of this treaty scientist from all the twelve countries can investigate and perform research in Antarctica. Apart from this, the results obtained from the research on Antarctica will also shared by scientists and will thus be freely available.
Antarctica receives more solar radiation than does any other place on Earth, yet the temperatures are so cold and the ice cap is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise, the water levels of the oceans would rise 250 feet and engulf most of the world’s great cities.
(A) is reflective, so that little polar ice melts during the summer; otherwise,
(B) is so reflective that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; were it to do so,
(C) so reflective that little polar ice melts during the summer, or else
(D) reflective, so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer, or
(E) reflects so that little of the polar ice melts during the summer; if it did
Answer:
Option (B)
Explanation:
From the given sentence, the use of the parallelism in the wording has to be taken in consideration. So, as -are so is used in the word -cold, likewise, the word -is so will also be used right before reflective. Then again, as the sentence continues, the phrase "-were it to do so" will provide the consequence of the melting of the ice, which is the first component of the sentence.
Thus, the correct answer is option (B).
What kind of natural disaster helps some forest communities by allowing some trees to release their seeds, by clearing away deadwood, and by encouraging new growth?
Answer:wild fires
Explanation:wild fires clear away dead grass and trees
Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases, which does not fit the pattern.
A) P wave.
B) S wave.
C) Surface wave.
D) Body wave.
Answer:
Option A does not fit the patterrn
Explanation:
P wave is a summation wave generated by polarization of front as it exits the artria while other option are waves along the surface of the earth or within the earth.
The rate of plate movement is only a few ________ per year so climate changes triggered by shifting plates happen on a scale of millions of years.
Answer:
centimeters
Explanation:
The lithospheric plates move relative to the others at a very slow but continuous speed that is, on average, about five centimeters per year. This movement is ultimately driven by the unequal distribution of heat inside the Earth. The hot material found in the depths of the mantle moves slowly upwards and serves as a part of our planet's internal convection system. Simultaneously, colder and denser sheets of the oceanic lithosphere descend to the mantle, moving the rigid outer layer of the Earth into motion. Finally, the titanic friction between Earth's lithospheric plates generates earthquakes, creates volcanoes and deforms large masses of rock in the mountains. But it causes climate changes to be experienced every million years.
You decide to study two species of birds, both of which form monogamous pairs (one male and one female). In species 1, the eggs in a pair's nest are almost always the offspring of that pair. In species 2, many of the eggs in a nest were actually fathered by males of neighboring pairs. Apparently, mating outside of monogamous pairings is widespread in species 2. What would be the logical prediction to make before comparing the testes size of males of the two species?
Answer:
B-Testes of species 2 are larger than testes of species 1.
Explanation:
Relatively bigger tests are associated with female and/or male promiscuity across a wide range of invertebrate and vertebrate taxa.
Short 1979; Harcourt et al. 1981;
Two general theories to explain the interspecific difference in test size were proposed: 1) sperm competition (Parker 1970) and 2) sperm depletion (Short 1981). Data available suggest that sperm competition in the evolution of the size of avian testes may be a more important selective force than sperm depletion. As a result, species-specific test size data were used in comparative studies, particularly of birds, as a convenient and supposedly reliable index of sperm competition levels which further leads to bird promiscuity.
The science that deals with the study of the atmosphere is _____. meteorology astronomy oceanography geology
Answer: the answer will be astronomy
Explanation:
Identify the true statement.
a. Strip mining can be done economically down to a depth of about 1 km.
b. Anthracite coal develops at depth along mountain belt borders, where temperatures reach 600°C.
c. Underground coal mining is dangerous because of possible tunnel collapse and possible methane gas explosions.
d. Coal began to form on the Earth soon afterlife evolved in the Precambrian.
Answer:
Option (C)
Explanation:
Coal is a sedimentary rock that forms due to the accumulation of dead matters of plants, trees, and converting it into coal over millions of years.
This coal is extracted from the earth in two ways-
Opencast mining- Here, in order to extract the coal, large strips of land are being excavated. Here, the construction of the tunnel is not required. It is comparatively safe and affects the environment in both long as well as short term. Underground mining- Here, the excavations and sub-surface tunnels are made in order to extract the required materials from a certain depth. This method is risky because the underground tunnels and the roof rocks can get the collapse and there may occur the methane gas explosion, and causes a fire, which is why it is not very safe to carry out underground mining.Thus, the correct answer is option (C)- which is true.
Draw simple sketches of the main types of clastic sedimentary rocks and explain the characteristics of each.
Answer:
Explanation:
the main types of clastic sedimentary rocks are
1.Conglomerates and breccias
2. Sandstones
3. Shale
characteristics of each of them
1. Conglomerates and breccias: rocks are composed of rounded gravel size fragments or pebbles and its individual pieces are easily seen clearly
2.Sandstones: they are made of sand size grains that have been cemented together.
3. Shale: This consist of clay size particles, that easily flake away or break apart easily
Common scales used in African, Far Eastern, and Native American music are the _____ scales. Group of answer choices A. pentatonic and tritonic B. pentatonic and heptatonic C. heptatonic and tritonic
Answer:
A. pentatonic and tritonic
Explanation:
Hello! The pentatonic scale has the peculiarity that it is composed of 5 tones, they are divided into major and minor. While the tritonic scales are small scales of three notes. Both concepts belong to the art of playing musical instruments, such as the guitar.
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Final answer:
The correct answer is 'A. pentatonic and tritonic'. The pentatonic scale is a five-note scale that is heavily used in traditional music, while tritonic scales with three notes are less common but still present in various music traditions.
Explanation:
Common scales used in African, Far Eastern, and Native American music are pentatonic and tritonic scales. The pentatonic scale is a five-note scale used widely in traditional music across various cultures. A common version of the major pentatonic scale is derived from the major scale but without the 4th or 7th pitches, while one of the popular minor pentatonic scales is similar to the minor scale but also omits these pitches. Tritonic scales, which use three pitches, are less common but also appear in some traditional musical contexts.
Instruments such as the Japanese koto and shakuhachi often utilize pentatonic scales. These scales enable musicians to create music that is beautiful and harmonious without the complexity of additional pitches found in heptatonic (seven-note) scales. The simplicity of the pentatonic scale can be seen in children's songs, early American folk music, and the blues, where the scale contributes to the music's distinct sound.
Which of the following does not determine species' range limits? a) the substrate. b) latitude. c) altitude d) disturbances such as fire. e) all of the above play a role in determine a species' range.
Answer:
Option (E)
Explanation:
A species range is usually defined as the geographical area where any group of particular species dwells during its entire life span. This range of species includes those areas of species migration as well as hibernation.
The range of these species are controlled by different factors such as latitude (such as tropical and polar zones that are marked by vast difference in terms of temperature), heights (like high mountain ranges and plateaus), substrate (a place on which or from where an organism grow), climate ( as it differs from one place to another). In addition to this, forest fire also occurs in the forests that destroys the habitat of these species, and their range of existence is affected.
Thus, a species range is controlled by all the above-given factors.
Hence, the correct answer is option (E).
Final answer:
All the given factors, including substrate, latitude, altitude, and disturbances like fire, do play a role in determining a species' range limits. Changes in biomes on a mountain hike are caused by elevation, rainfall, and temperature, but not by changes in latitude as one ascends.
Explanation:
The substrate, latitude, altitude, and disturbances such as fire all play a role in determining a species' range. Therefore, the answer would be e) all of the above play a role in determine a species' range. It's important to recognize that an ecologist might observe changes in biomes due to various factors like elevation, rainfall, and temperature, but not latitude since this does not change as one hikes up a mountain.
Geographical constraints, physical barriers, climate, and even factors like soil composition and human-induced changes, such as dams, can influence where a species can live and thrive.
According to the USDA, soil surveys show more than __% of natural topsails in North America has been lost since farming began in the U.S.
Answer:
30%
Explanation:
Every consecutive year the loss of topsoil becomes a serious issue for the farmer and policymaker. The reason behind the continuous loss of topsoil is when the upper layer of soil left fallow and exposed to heavy rains and winds. which takes the upper surface with them.
The practice like grazing of field and growing of crop on steeper slopes and continuous practice like crop rotation are the main reason behind the soil erosion.
As the country is moving toward the fast technology phase, practice of securing land to prevent it from erosion is lacking. The other reason behind the fast removal of topsoil is the use of modern technology to grow a crop.
the united states economy is a mixed economy?
A. Based on the principle the traditional economy, but allowing some government intervention.
B. Based on the principles of the centrally planned economy, but limiting government Intervention.
C. based on the principles of the free market, allowing no government Intervention.
D. Based on the principles of the free market, but allowing some government intervention.
Answer:
Based on the principles of the free market, but allowing some government intervention
Explanation:
Based on the principles of the free market, but allowing some government intervention
Option A is the correct answer. The United States economy is based on the principles of traditional economy, but allows for some government intervention.
What is a Mixed Economy?In order to understand what a Mixed Economy is, it is important to understand what Capitalist Economy and Socialist Economy mean.Capitalist Economy: It refers to an economy that is purely guided by the forces of the market, a principle known as "Laissez Faire".Socialist Economy: It refers to economy completely controlled by the government without the input of individual will or actions. A Mixed Economy is a hybrid between the Capitalist and the Socialist principles of an economy. The United States is primarily based on the market forces but, it allows for some government control in certain aspects of the country's economy.Therefore, it is clear that Option A is the correct answer.
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The fact that representetives of all major animal phyla can be found in some of the lowest sedimentary rock in the geologicl column is often referred to as _________
Answer:
Cambrian explosion
Explanation:
The Cambrian explosion was an event in the Cambrian period when most major animal phyla appeared in the fossil record
Alternating parallel bands of normal and reversed magnetic polarity are found in the basaltic bedrock on either side of 1. the Mid-Atlantic Ridge 2. Yellowstone Hot Spot 3. San Andreas Fault 4. Peru-Chile Trench
Answer:
1. the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Explanation:
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge that extends into the South Atlantic Ocean between the South American and African Plates.
Alternating parallel bands of normal and reversed magnetic polarity is found here because basalt contains little magnetic particles that take on the direction of the Earth’s magnetic field at the time of eruption.
These bands are like stripes which shows up on the ocean floor when these variations are mapped.
The same cloud precipitates snow on a mountain and rain in the nearby valley. Does the Bergeron process or the collision-coalescence theory best describe the process causing precipitation from that cloud?
Answer:
Bergeron process
Explanation:
This is a process when precipitate is formed in mixed cloud of temperature below freezing because equilibrium pressure of water vapour with respect to ice is less compared to that of liquid water.
A fault that bisects a rock formation is younger than the rock unit according to the Principle of _________.
A. Lateral Continuity
B. Original Horizontality
C. Cross-Cutting Relationships
D. Stratigraphy Reset Selection
Answer:
C. Cross-Cutting Relationships
Explanation:
The principle states that the geologic features that cut the another is younger than the two features and is based on the relative dating technique and it shows the structural relationship as faults and fractures that cuts the older rocks.If you stacked Avogadro's number of pennies one on top of the other on Earth's surface, how far would the stack extend (in km)? [For comparison, the sun is about 150 million km from Earth and the nearest star (Proxima Centauri) is about 40 trillion km from Earth.]
Answer:
the length of pennies will be like the Proxima Centauri
Explanation:
50 pennies make the length of a meter, so :
50 pennies = 1 m
x = 1 km
x= (50 x 1000) = 50 000 pennies = 1 Km
Then if the Avogadro´s number is 6.022 x 1023 so:
50 000 pennies = 1 km
6.022 x 1023 pennies = x
x= (6.022 x 1023/ 50 000) = 1.2044 x 1019
This big number is closer to the 40 trillion km of the Proxima Centauri.
Hope this answer is useful.
The technique called radiometric dating is based on
A) the formation of radioactive molecules in rocks after they are deposited.
B) the use of fossils of known age to determine how fast carbon-14 decays.
C) the assumption that radioactive isotopes accumulate in fossils at a constant rate.
D) the steady, clocklike decay of certain radioactive isotopes over time.
Answer:
D) the steady, clocklike decay of certain radioactive isotopes over time.
Explanation:
Geologists use radiometric dating to estimate how long ago rocks formed, and to infer the ages of fossils contained within those rocks.
For example, when rocks are formed, such as igneous rocks (formed when molten rocks cools), certain radioactive atoms are trapped inside the rocks during this formation process. Then these radioactive atoms decay over time.
The age of the rock can be estimated by comparing the occurring radioactive isotope within the material to the abundance of its decay products, which form at a known constant rate of decay.
From the options;
A) this is about the formation of the radioactive molecules and not about radiometric dating
B) this is radiocarbon dating (cabon dating/carbon-14 dating)
C) the assumption is wrong since the radioactive isotopes decays not accumulate.
D) the corect option as I explained earlier.