Answer:
b. The active site can provide heat from the environment that raises the energy content of the substrate.
Explanation:
Enzymes are the biocatalysts that speed up the chemical reactions occurring inside the cells by lowering down the activation energy. Activation energy is the energy required to convert the substrates from their ground state into the transition state to facilitate the formation of products.
Enzymes favor the formation of transition state at lower temperatures by lowering down the activation energy and make the reactions to occur at lower temperatures. Substrates bind to the active sites, specific binding sites on enzymes. Active sites do not channelize the energy from the surroundings to the substrates.
Animals are totally dependent on plants and microorganisms for nitrogen fixation and nitrate assimilation because animals: A. do not have the reducing power (NADPH) to fix nitrogen. B. lack the enzyme aminotransferase. C. lack the enzymes to reduce N2 and NO3- to NH4+. D. lack carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase I. E. lack glutamate dehydrogenase.
Answer:
C. lack the enzymes to reduce N2 and NO3- to NH4+
Explanation:
Nitrogen fixation is a process by which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonia (NH3) so that can be used in metabolic pathways (e.g. biosynthesis of macromolecules). Nitrogen fixation is performed by Archea and bacteria such as Azotobacter (usually in symbiosis with Leguminosa plants).
Nitrogen assimilation is a process in which organic compounds are made from inorganic nitrogen.
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?A. sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parentB. asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parentC. mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproductionD. asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms
Answer:
it's most likely A.
Explanation:
Answer:
A.
Explanation:
Just took the test.
An 80-year-old hospitalized individual is recovering from surgery but now has gotten an infection. over the course of a few days, the person shows increasing confusion and consistently misinterprets what others are trying to communicate. the most probable diagnosis for this condition would be:
Final answer:
The most probable diagnosis for an 80-year-old hospitalized individual showing increasing confusion after surgery and infection is delirium. Delirium is common in the elderly, especially when hospitalized, and is usually reversible with proper treatment including addressing the underlying infection.
Explanation:
An 80-year-old hospitalized individual recovering from surgery has developed increasing confusion and is misinterpreting communication, suggesting they may be experiencing a delirium. This condition is common in elderly patients who are recovering from surgery or battling an infection. Delirium is characterized by sudden changes in mental status, such as confusion and difficulty focusing, often worsened in the hospital setting due to unfamiliar environments, medications, or the stress of illness.
Given the patient's age and recent surgery, combined with the onset of an infection, it is likely that the increasing confusion is due to hospital-acquired delirium, which is not uncommon in elderly patients under these stressors. Delirium is often reversible with proper medical intervention, including treating the underlying infection, ensuring proper hydration and nutrition, and providing a supportive environment to minimize confusion.
Study the characteristics of the channel in this picture. What might the river look like following this type of channel?
A) a youthful river
B) a rejuvenated river
C) a mature river
D) an old river
Answer:
C) a mature river
Explanation:
The channel on the image shows a meandering river. This basically means that the river managed to erode the banks and it has taken a snake-like shape, better known as meander. A river that exhibits such a thing is a mature river. This can be supported by the fact that the river needs long time to be able to erode the surrounding area, especially when it comes to flatter land. A young river will be mostly straight and will have its flow determined by the landscape around it, but a mature river has had the time to make its own path, to erode parts o the landscape, and take a certain shape, in this case a meander.
The river following this type of channel would likely look like a mature river (option C).
The characteristics of the channel in the picture indicate that the river is in the mature stage. In this stage, the headward development of stream channels has mostly eliminated non-dissected interflu_ves. The stream valleys have widened, valley slopes have become gentler, and the overall relief of the region is declining. Therefore, the river following this type of channel would likely look like a mature river.
The channel in this picture exhibits winding curves and meanders, which are typical characteristics of a mature river. Mature rivers have well-developed meandering patterns, indicating that they have been flowing for a considerable time. These meanders result from erosion and deposition processes over time. The river's winding nature suggests that it has reached a stable stage in its evolution.
The question is:
Study the characteristics of the channel in this picture. What might the river look like following this type of channel?
A) a youthful river
B) a rejuvenated river
C) a mature river
D) an old river
One of the major categories of receptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers,adding phosphate groups, and then activating relay proteins. Which type does this?
A) G protein-coupled receptors B) ligand-gated ion channels C) steroid receptors D) receptor tyrosine kinases
Answer:
D) receptor tyrosine kinases
Explanation:
Protein kinase receptors are simply saying receptors with associated kinases (usually tyrosine kinases).
Protein kinases are enzymes that have the ability to modulate other enzymes (or some other proteins) by adding the phosphate group. This is known as phosphorilation process. As a result of structural change, protein can change its activity (phosphorilation usually increase the activity).
Such receptors are involved in a many processes within an organism that are important for the cellular growth, differentiation, metabolism
"The correct answer is D) One of the major categories of receptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers, adding phosphate groups, and then activating relay proteins receptor tyrosine kinases.
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a class of cell surface receptors that are involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including metabolism, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis.
When a ligand binds to an RTK, the receptor undergoes a conformational change that promotes dimerization, which is the formation of a dimer, or a complex of two receptor molecules.
This dimerization brings the intracellular kinase domains of the receptors into close proximity, allowing them to transphosphorylate each other on specific tyrosine residues. This phosphorylation event triggers the activation of downstream signaling pathways by recruiting and activating various relay proteins, which then propagate the signal through the cell.
To summarize the sequence of events for receptor tyrosine kinases:
1. Ligand binding to the extracellular domain of the RTK.
2. Dimerization of the RTKs.
3. Transphosphorylation of tyrosine residues on the intracellular kinase domains of the receptors.
4. Recruitment and activation of relay proteins, which then continue the signaling cascade within the cell.
In contrast, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) activate heterotrimeric G proteins upon ligand binding, without forming dimers or adding phosphate groups to the G proteins themselves.
Ligand-gated ion channels open to allow ions to pass through the membrane when their specific ligands bind, and steroid receptors are located inside the cell and bind to steroid hormones, then translocate to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. Neither of these receptor types functions by forming dimers and adding phosphate groups in the same way as RTKs."
26. As you study two closely related predatory insect species, the two-spot and the three-spot avenger beetles, you notice that each species seeks prey at dawn in areas without the other species. However, where their ranges overlap, the two-spot avenger beetle hunts at night and the three-spot hunts in the morning. When you bring them into the laboratory and isolate the two different species, you discover that the offspring of both species are nocturnal. You have discovered an example of A) mutualism. B) Batesian mimicry. C) commensalism. D) resource partitioning.
Answer:
D) resource partitioning.
Explanation:
Resource partitioning explains how species that are similar (in this case the two-spot and the three-spot avenger beetles) use their resources together (coexist). They live in the same community and use the same resources, but they don't push one another to extinction through competition. They use the same limiting resource at different time and thus, compete less with one another.
Which of these statements presents the most accurate prediction of what will happen to this fish population?
A group of small fish lives in a lake with a uniformly light-brown sandy bottom. Most of the fish are light brown, but about 10% are mottled. This fish species is often prey for large birds that live on the shore. A construction company dumps a load of gravel in the bottom of the lake, giving it a mottled appearance.
A. As the mottled fish are eaten, more will be produced to fill the gap.
B. In two generations, all the fish will be mottled.
C. There is no way to predict the result.
D. The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time.
Answer:
D. The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time.
Explanation:
In a lake with mottled appearance mottled fish will have advantage over the light brown fishes because light fishes would be easy to be seen by predators.
The proportion of mottled fish will increase over time because of the natural selection. Natural selection is evolutionary mechanism which changes the frequency of a certain allele (consequently, gene and phenotype) by favouring traits (structures, behavior) of an organism that help him survive and reproduce. In the example, above, mottled fish have mottled phenotype that help them survive and reproduce so it will be favorable trait by natural selection.
In response to a stimulus a brain cell called a neuron will send a signal to the brain using _______
A). electrical signals and chemical neurotransmitters
B). myosin and actin
C). contraction and relaxation
D). respiration and absorption
Answer:
I think its A not %100 tho
Explanation:
The answer I believe is A
One of the effects of the hormone secretin is to stimulate the release of bicarbonate ions into the duodenum, which neutralizes the acid that enters the duodenum with food from the stomach. One consequence of neutralizing the pH in the intestine is that: the enzymatically catalyzed hydrolysis of carbohydrate that began in the stomach is halted in the duodenum. enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates are denatured. enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates are active. carbohydrates are not as easily broken down in this neutral environment.
Answer:
enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates are active.
Explanation:
The pH within the small intestine should be neutral so that enzymes that break down macromolecules can work properly (unlike in stomach where the enzymes require acid pH). Small intestine is part of the digestive system, in which proteins, lipids and carbohydrates are hydrolyzed. Carbohydrate digestion in small intestine is performed by pancreatic enzyme amylase, maltase, sucrase, and lactase (secreted by the small intestine). Neutral environment is suitable environment for those enzymes.
Final answer:
The hormone secretin leads to the activation of digestive enzymes in the duodenum by neutralizing the stomach acid with bicarbonate ions, creating an optimal pH for these enzymes to function and catalyze carbohydrate hydrolysis.
Explanation:
One of the consequences of neutralizing the pH in the intestine with the hormone secretin is that enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of carbohydrates are active. The acidic content that enters the duodenum from the stomach is neutralized by the secretion of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃₋) from the pancreas, which raises the pH of the chyme, creating a suitable environment for intestinal enzymes to work effectively. Digestive secretions from the liver, pancreas, and gallbladder, including bile and other enzymes, are crucial for the digestion process in the duodenum during the intestinal phase.
This process begins in the stomach with a strong acid that allows pepsin to function properly. However, as the stomach's contents move into the small intestine, the pH must be neutralized to accommodate the enzymes that work best in a basic or neutral environment, such as pancreatic enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion. This is achieved through the action of secretin, which stimulates the production of bicarbonate ions by the pancreas, thereby creating the optimal environment for these enzymes to catalyze the breakdown of carbohydrates effectively.
Cells are limited in size by their surface areas and
Cells are limited in size by their surface area-to-volume ratio, and that explains the relationship between the surface area of a cell and its volume, as the volume increases much faster than the surface area when the cell grows.
What is the significance of the surface-to-volume ratio?The surface area-to-volume ratio becomes a limiting factor as cells grow in size, and it decreases because the surface area can no longer keep up with the demands of the cell as well as a decrease in the efficiency of processes such as diffusion and cellular respiration.
Hence, cells are limited in size by their surface area-to-volume ratio, and that explains the relationship between the surface area of a cell and its volume, as the volume increases much faster than the surface area when the cell grows.
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Answer:
Explanation:
Take the genotypes of the parents first.
A and B are equally dominant, so in the father who has the blood type AB his genotype would be:
[tex]I^{A}I^{B}[/tex]
A mother who is recessive O would be:
[tex]ii[/tex]
See the attached image to see the Punnett. Based on the image you now know that the possible gentypes and phenotyes are:
[tex]I^{A}i = TypeA\\\\I^{B}i = TypeB[/tex]
Which scenario matches the homeostasis strategy of kleptothermy? A. People huddling together on New Year's Eve in Times Square B. Penguins having dark coloring to absorb more radiation from the sun C. A dog panting at the park on a hot summer day D. Alligators basking in the sun on a rock
Answer: I believe it would be A. People huddling together on New Year's Eve in Times Square.
Explanation:
This is Google's definition of Kleptothermy:
Kleptothermy is any form of thermoregulation by which an animal shares in the metabolic thermogenesis of another animal. It may or may not be reciprocal, and occurs in both endotherms and ectotherms. Its most common form is huddling.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
The correct answer is A. The homeostasis strategy of kleptothermy is best exemplified with people huddling together on New Year's Eve in Times Square.
Explanation:
Many animals huddle together, as happens with Antarctic penguins, which come together to reduce energy loss from the energy intake of the other. This phenomenon is called "kleptothermy" (stealing the temperature) and possibly generates survival in cold situations. It is probable that these species could have become extinct in the absence of this behavior.
The plasma membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer. True or False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Answer:
true
Explanation:
the plasma membrane of a cell is composed of phospholipids
Differentiate between global warming and the green house effect. What gases are responsible for both?
Answer:
Global Warming is simply the long-term rise in temperature of the Earth's core, which inevitably would effect the climate systems of the Earth.
The Green House Effect is the natural process that warms the Earths surface.
Explanation:
The Green House Effect--> When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back into space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by the greenhouse gases.
Answer:
Differentiate between global warming and the green house effect are discussed below.
Explanation:
The greenhouse has to deal with the plants while on the other hand Global warming has to do with the Atmosphere it has nothing to do with the Plants.The greenhouse effect occurs due to the natural activity of the Earth while Global warming occurs due to Human activity.We can control the Greenhouse effect but we are unable to control Global warming but we can reduce its pace.Carbon dioxide gas is responsible for both.How might a gene mutation be silent, with no observable effect on a cell or an organism? A. Codons are complementary to anticodons in tRNA. A gene mutation that changes a codon to its anticodon would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism. B. Many proteins are superfluous to the function of a cell. A gene mutation in a gene that encodes an unnecessary protein would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism. C. Several codons are stop codons. A gene mutation that inserts a stop codon when only a few amino acids remain in the peptide sequence would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism. D. Many amino acids are encoded by multiple codons. A gene mutation that encodes the same amino acid would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism.
Answer:
D. Many amino acids are encoded by multiple codons. A gene mutation that encodes the same amino acid would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism
Explanation:
If gene mutation does not change code (gene still encodes for the same amino acid), the same protein with its function will be produced. This is called synonymous mutation.
Silent mutations might also occur when codon is altered to produce an amino acid with similar function as previous (e.g. leucine to isoleucine) so that the function of protein is not significantly changed.
Answer:
D. Many amino acids are encoded by multiple codons. A gene mutation that encodes the same amino acid would have no observable effect on the cell or the organism
Explanation:
If gene mutation does not change code (gene still encodes for the same amino acid), the same protein with its function will be produced. This is called synonymous mutation.
Silent mutations might also occur when codon is altered to produce an amino acid with similar function as previous (e.g. leucine to isoleucine) so that the function of protein is not significantly changed.
____ is the study of the brain and the nervous system, especially in terms of brain-behavior relationships.
TIMED SEMESTER EXAM!! 15 POINTS i will mark brainliest
(please use your own answer!)
Briefly compare and contrast the processes of RNA transcription and RNA translation.
Answer:
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template where the code in the DNA is converted into a complementary RNA code. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template where the code in the mRNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein
Explanation:
Cells have a selectively permeable
membrane. What is the primary purpose of this membrane?
A.)to keep all the cytoplasm inside the cell
B.)to control which materials enter and
leave the cell
C.)to allow photosynthesis
D.)to manufacture proteins
Answer:
B
Explanation:
a membrane's purpose is to protect by controlling what enters or leaves the cell
B.) to control what materials enter and leave the cell
Why does a victim suffering from hypothermia need to be rewarmed slowly, and not to quickly?
Which of the following would be used to determine the probability of three independent events in order?
-Sum rule-Product rule-Chi-square test-Binomial expansion-Random sampling error
Final answer:
The product rule would be used to determine the probability of three independent events occurring in a specific order, by multiplying their individual probabilities.
Explanation:
To determine the probability of three independent events occurring in order, one would use the product rule. This rule states that the probability of two or more independent events occurring together can be calculated by multiplying the individual probabilities of each event occurring alone. For example, if events A, B, and C are independent, the probability of all three occurring in sequence (A and B and C) is calculated as P(A) × P(B) × P(C). This is opposed to the sum rule, which is used for calculating the probability of at least one of two mutually exclusive events occurring, and involves adding their individual probabilities together. The sum rule would not be applicable for independent events that need to occur in sequence.
At 10 am on june 12 two joggers discover a body along a running path in a park the body is 20 feet from a tree beside the path. the body is partially buried. the weather is hot and humid. the body has a gray cheesy like appearance which information should be noted for the coroner
all of the above should be noted for the coroner. because the authorities are trying to solve a homicide.
The term "cancer" is used to describe a group of diseases in which cells start dividing and invade healthy tissues and organs. these cancerous cells can through the blood or the lymphatic system. when the body is already weakened by disease, stress, or old age, the cancer invasion has more of a chance of succeeding. the rapid and abnormal growth of tissue is called
a. most tumors are not , but are . in the past, the only way to distinguish between the tumors was to perform
a. damaged dna can result in that lead to cancer. dna can be damaged by in the environment like radiation and toxic chemicals. other factors influence cancer risk as well. they include biological and genetic factors, exposure to infectious agents like viruses, and . submit
Answer: i thnik its b
Explanation:
Damaged DNA can result in that lead to cancer. DNA can be damaged by in the environment like radiation and toxic chemicals. other factors influence cancer risk as well. they include biological and genetic factors, exposure to infectious agents like viruses.
What is DNA?Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that contains the biological instructions that make each species unique. DNA, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction.Damaged DNA can result in that lead to cancer. DNA can be damaged by in the environment like radiation and toxic chemicals. other factors influence cancer risk as well. they include biological and genetic factors, exposure to infectious agents like viruses.
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What is the question asking?
24
Need to fill twenty characters
Sickle-cell anemia is a genetic disorder in which red blood cells take on an abnormal crescent shape.
People who do not have sickle-cell anemia possess the following nucleotide and amino acid sequences:
CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT
Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser
People who do have sickle-cell anemia possess the following nucleotide and amino acid sequences:
CTG ACT CCT GTG GAG AAG TCT
Leu Thr Pro Val Glu Lys Ser
Sickle-cell anemia is an example of
--
A.
crossing-over.
B.
a gene mutation.
C.
nondisjunction.
D.
a chromosomal mutation.
Answer:
It is indeed B
Explanation:
Which type of fat has no known health benefits, and was invented by humans to prolong the shelf-life of pre-packaged foods? A. Saturated fat B. Curing fat C. Unsaturated fat D. Trans fat
Answer:
D. Trans Fat
Explanation:
Trans fat is made through the hydrogenation of unsaturated fats. The use of trans fat extends shelf-life of foods and is said to boost flavor. However, the body is not able to process these fats and can have a detrimental effect on the body. Trans fat is known to increase cholesterol in the body so you will be more at risk for other diseases like diseases of the heart, diabetes, and even stroke.
Answer:
D. Trans fat
Explanation:
why is science an important part of policy making?
a. the goal of science is to create good policies
b. Scientists have long been important politicians
c. Science provides the facts that inform good policy
d. The government sponsors a lot of scientific research
Answer:
c. Science provides the facts that inform good policy
Explanation:
Scientific evidence is always based on researched out facts, this are the facts that form explanations.
Reliable explanation of phenomenon in science, helps the government to choose good policies based on the scientific facts.
For instance, the current globalisation problem has been studied by scientists, facts about the causes and ways to reduce this effects have shaped up government environmental policies.
Science is crucial in informing good policymaking because it provides factual evidence to guide decisions. Science policy can lead to diverse employment opportunities and ensures balanced legislation. A solid understanding of science helps individuals critically assess scientific information behind policies. The correct option is c.
Science is an important part of the policymaking process because c. Science provides the facts that inform good policy. Policymakers rely on scientific data and evidence to make informed decisions on a vast range of issues, from environmental protection and public health to technological innovation and resource management. In this way, science policy plays a crucial role in shaping legislation that benefits society and addresses complex challenges.
Engaging with science policy can take various forms and create numerous employment opportunities. Individuals can work at science policy centers, think tanks, and governmental agencies like the NSF, DOE, or NIH. The involvement of scientists in policymaking ensures that multiple points of view inform governance, thus contributing to balanced legislation that avoids the extremes of over- or under-regulation.
Science is not just about understanding the natural world; it is also about applying that knowledge in practical ways that can transform human existence. From the Nuremberg Code to modern environmental regulations, governance of science has shaped research in ways that align with societal interests. Ultimately, a deep understanding of science can help individuals become better consumers of scientific information and more critically assess the science behind public policies.
Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids?(Choice A)AThey are composed of nitrogenous chains.(Choice B)BThey are not soluble in water.(Choice C)CThey are either fats or oils.(Choice D)DThey are polar molecules.
Answer:
They are not soluble in water
Explanation:
Lipids are group of molecules that are insoluble in water and made up of long chain hydrocarbons. Also, lipids are non-polar compounds that cannot be dissolved in polar solvent such as water and they include steroids, waxes, fats and phospholipids. Furthermore, lipids act as structural components of cell membrane.
The characteristic of lipids from the given options is that they are not soluble in water. This is due to their hydrophobic or water-repelling property, which also allows them to store energy, insulate, and protect
Explanation:Among the given choices, the characteristic that best describes lipids is (Choice B) - They are not soluble in water. These compounds, which include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids, are largely nonpolar and hydrophobic due to their carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Because of these properties, they repel water and thus do not dissolve in it, making them insoluble in water. This is also the reason why lipids are able to store energy for long-term use in the form of fats and provide insulation for plants and animals. They can also create a protective layer over fur or feathers, making them water-repelling and crucial for survival of certain species.
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what is a PROPHAGE and what does it do???
Answer: A prophage is the genetic material of a bacteriophage, incorporated into the genome of a bacterium and it is able to produce phages if it is specifically activated. I hope this helps!
Explanation:
Answer:A prophage is a bacteriophage (often shortened to "phage") genome inserted and integrated into the circular bacterial DNA chromosome or existing as an extrachromosomal plasmid.
Explanation:
A new organism is discovered in the forests of costa rica. scientists there determine that the polypeptide sequence of hemoglobin from the new organism has 72 amino acid differences from humans, 65 differences from a gibbon, 49 differences from a rat, and 5 differences from a frog. these data suggest that the new organism is more closely related to
Answer: Frog
Explanation: It is the frog because the less differences there are, the more closely related it is to the organism.
Answer:
frog
Explanation:
It is given in the question that the new organism that has been discovered at Costa Rica has 5 differences from a frog. So the new organism is suggested to have been closely related to the frog species because among the other species ( that is humans, gibbons, rat ), the new organisms shows very less differences with the frog species. So it is concluded that the frog species and the new organisms are closely related.
A woman with Liddle syndrome has a child with a normal male. what is the probability that their child will have the syndrome?
Answer:
An autosomal dominant gene is one that occurs on an autosomal (non-sex determining) chromosome. As it is dominant, the phenotype it gives will be expressed even if the gene is heterozygous.
The chances of an autosomal dominant disorder being inherited are 50% if one parent is heterozygous (NL) for the mutant gene and the other is homozygous for the normal (NN), or 'wild-type', gene. This is because the offspring will always inherit a normal gene from the parent carrying the wild-type genes, and will have a 50% chance of inheriting the mutant gene from the other parent. If the mutant gene is inherited, the offspring will be heterozygous for the mutant gene, and will suffer from the disorder. If the parent with the disorder is homozygous for the gene, the offspring produced from mating with an unaffected parent will always have the disorder.
Explanation: