Answer:
It is Promethium
Explanation:
Because they are chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71
Answer:
The answer is B) Promethium
Explanation:
The Promethium is a chemical element of the periodic table whose symbol is Pm and its atomic number is 61 and is part of the group of lanthanide elements.
Lanthanides are a group of elements that are part of period 6 of the periodic table of the elements whose name comes from the chemical element lanthanum, which is included within this group, giving a total of 15 elements, from the element of atomic number 57 (lanthanum) to 71 (lutetium)
Phosgene (carbonyl chloride), COCl2, is an extremely toxic gas that is used in manufacturing certain dyes and plastics. Phosgene can be produced by reacting carbon monoxide and chlorine gas at high temperatures: CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g) Carbon monoxide and chlorine gas are allowed to react in a sealed vessel at 479 ∘C . At equilibrium, the concentrations were measured and the following results obtained: Gas Partial Pressure (atm) CO 0.720 Cl2 1.17 COCl2 0.170 What is the equilibrium constant, Kp, of this reaction?
Answer:
Kp = 0.202.
Explanation:
For the following reaction:CO(g) + Cl₂(g) ⇌ COCl₂(g),
Kp = (P of COCl₂)/(P of CO)(P of Cl₂)
P of COCl₂ = 0.17 atm, P of CO = 0.72 atm, P of Cl₂ = 1.17 atm.
∴ Kp = (P of COCl₂)/(P of CO)(P of Cl₂) = (0.17 atm)/(0.72 atm)(1.17 atm) = 0.202.
Which of the following would likely form a heterogeneous mixture? Sugar and waterSalt and waterSand and waterBaking soda and water
Answer:
Sand and water
Explanation:
Answer:
Water and sand
Explanation:
the prefix hetero- means 'different' so a heterogeneous mixture would be a mixture in which you can clearly see all of the components.
(like a salad)
sugar and baking soda would dissolve in the water (that would be an example of a homogeneous mixture, the prefix homo- means 'same' homogeneous mixtures have a uniform appearance throughout)
However the sand will definitely not dissolve in the water, it will simply sink to the bottom, and stay there. you would clearly be able to see both the water and the sand.
So the answer can be, none other than
Water and sand.
A dilute aqueous potassium nitrate solution is
Answer:
A dilute aqueous potassium nitrate solution is a homegeneous mixture.
Explanation:
An ideal gas at a given initial state expands to a fixed final volume. would the work be greater if the expansion occurs at constant pressure or at constant temperature? explain.
Answer:
Constant pressure
Explanation:
At constant pressure,
[tex]w = -p\Delta V = -p(V_{f} - V_{i})[/tex]
At constant temperature,
[tex]w = -RT \ln \left(\dfrac{V_{f}}{V_{i}} \right)[/tex]
1 mol of an ideal gas at STP has a volume of 22.71 L.
Let's compare the work done as it expands under each condition from an initial volume of 22.71 L.
Isobaric expansion
[tex]w = -100p(V_{2} - 22.71}); \text{(1 bar$\cdot$L = 100 J)}[/tex]
A plot of -w vs V₂ gives a straight line (red) with a constant slope of 100 J/L as in the diagram below (Note that w is work done on the system, so -w is the work done by the system). \
Isothermal expansion
[tex]w= -8.314 \times 273.15 \ln \left(\dfrac{V_{f}}{22.71} \right)\\\\= -2271 \left( \ln V_{f} -\ln22.71 \right)\\= -2271 \left(\ln V_{f} - 3.123 \right)\\= 7092 - 2271\ln V_{f}[/tex]
A plot of -w vs V₂ is a logarithmic curve. Its slope starts at 100 J/mol but decreases as the volume increases (the blue curve below).
Thus, the work done during an expansion at constant pressure is greater than if the system is at constant temperature.
Milk of magnesia (maalox) contains magnesium hydroxide. magnesium hydroxide can be reacted with hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and water, as seen in the reaction below. using this reaction, how many grams of hydrochloric acid are needed to fully react 355g magnesium hydroxide?
The chemical reaction described by the question:
[tex]Mg(OH)_{2} + 2HCl = MgCl_{2} + 2H_{2}O[/tex]
Then for finding the number of moles of magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)[tex]_{2}[/tex]
number of moles = mass (grams) / molecular mass (g/mole)
number of moles of Mg(OH)[tex]_{2}[/tex] = 355 / 58 = 6.12
From the chemical reaction:
1 mole of Mg(OH)[tex]_{2}[/tex] reacts with 2 moles of HCl
6.12 moles of Mg(OH)[tex]_{2}[/tex] reacts with x moles of HCl
x = (6.12×2)/1 = 12.24 moles of HCl
And now we can determine the mass of hydrochloric acid HCl
mass (grams) = number of moles x molecular mass (grams/mole)
mass of HCl = 12.24 × 36.5 = 446.76 g
Final answer:
To determine the mass of hydrochloric acid needed to react with 355g of magnesium hydroxide, we use stoichiometry based on their molar masses to calculate that 444.09 grams of hydrochloric acid are required.
Explanation:
The student is asking how many grams of hydrochloric acid (HCl) are needed to fully react with 355g of magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). To solve this, we'll use the reaction equation:
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O
First, we need to find the molar mass of Mg(OH)2 (24.305 + 2(15.999) + 2(1.008) = 58.319 g/mol) and HCl (1.008 + 35.45 = 36.458 g/mol).
Next, we calculate the moles of Mg(OH)2 used using its molar mass:
355g Mg(OH)2 × (1 mol/58.319 g) = 6.09 mol Mg(OH)2
According to the balanced equation, 1 mole of Mg(OH)2 reacts with 2 moles of HCl. Thus:
6.09 mol Mg(OH)2 × (2 mol HCl/1 mol Mg(OH)2) = 12.18 mol HCl
Finally, we find the mass of HCl needed:
12.18 mol HCl × (36.458 g/mol) = 444.09 g HCl
Therefore, 444.09 grams of hydrochloric acid are needed to fully react with 355g of magnesium hydroxide.
What relationships can be determined from a balanced chemical equation?
Answer:
From a balanced chemical equation the relationships of the amount of reactants and products, either as number of units (moles) or as mass (grams), can be determined.
Explanation:
Since reactants combine in a fixed ratio to form a fixed amount of products, the law of mass conservation permits to state cuantitative relationships between the amounts of rectants and products, and this is represented through a balanced chemical equation.
The balanced chemical equation represents the reactants and products using the chemical composition of each substance (consisting of chemical symbols and subscritps) and shows the relations in which they react or are produced using numbers as coefficients.
For example:
Balanced chemical equation: 1CH₄(g+ 2O₂(g) → 1CO₂(g) + 2H₂O(g)Relationships:1 molecule CH₄ : 2 molecules O₂ : 1 molecule CO₂ : 2 molecules H₂O
1 mole CH₄ : 2 moles O₂ : 1 mole CO₂ : 2 moles H₂O
16.04 g CH₄ : 64.00 g O₂ : 44.01 g CO₂ : 36.03 g H₂O
(80.04 g reactants = 80.04 g products)
A balanced chemical equation is a concise representation that provides a wealth of information about the quantitative and qualitative aspects of a chemical reaction. It is a fundamental tool in chemistry for predicting and understanding the relationships between reactants and products.
The relationships that can be determined from a balanced chemical equation include:
1. Stoichiometry: The stoichiometry of a balanced equation gives the quantitative relationship between the amounts of reactants and products. The coefficients in the equation represent the moles of each substance involved in the reaction. For example, in the reaction [tex]\(2H_2 + O_2 \rightarrow 2H_2O\)[/tex], the coefficients indicate that two moles of hydrogen gas react with one mole of oxygen gas to produce two moles of water.
2. Mass Conservation: A balanced chemical equation obeys the law of conservation of mass, which states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products. This allows for the prediction of the masses of reactants needed or products formed.
3. Molecular Composition: The equation shows the molecular formulae of the reactants and products, indicating the composition of each substance in terms of atoms of different elements.
4. Chemical Equivalence: The equation provides information about the chemical equivalence of the reactants and products. For instance, it shows how many moles of one reactant are chemically equivalent to a certain number of moles of another reactant or product.
5. Reaction Type: The equation can indicate the type of reaction, such as synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, combustion, or acid-base reaction.
6. Energy Change: Although not explicitly shown in the equation, a balanced chemical equation can imply an exothermic or endothermic reaction through the presence of energy terms (such as heat, [tex]\(q\)[/tex], or enthalpy change, [tex]\(\Delta H\))[/tex] if included.
7. State of Matter: The equation may include symbols for the physical states of the reactants and products (solid, liquid, gas, aqueous), which can be important for setting up experiments or understanding reaction conditions.
8. Concentration Changes: For reactions in solution, the equation can be used along with the reaction stoichiometry to determine changes in concentration of reactants and products over time.
9. Limiting Reactant: By comparing the mole ratios of reactants in a balanced equation, one can determine the limiting reactant, which is the reactant that will be completely consumed first and thus limits the amount of product formed.
10. Theoretical Yield: Using the balanced equation and the mole ratio between reactants and products, the theoretical yield of a reaction can be calculated, which is the maximum amount of product that can be formed from a given amount of reactant(s).
In summary, a balanced chemical equation is a concise representation that provides a wealth of information about the quantitative and qualitative aspects of a chemical reaction. It is a fundamental tool in chemistry for predicting and understanding the relationships between reactants and products.
Given the three equations below, what is the heat of reaction for the production of glucose, C6H12O6, as described by this equation? 6C(s) + 6H2(g) + 3O2(g) → C6H12O6(s) C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g), ∆H = –393.51 kJ H2(g) + ½ O2(g) → H2O(l), ∆H = –285.83 kJ C6H12O6(s) + 6O2(g) → 6CO2(g) + H2O(l), ∆H = –2803.02 kJ
Answer:
- 1273.02 kJ.
Explanation:
This problem can be solved using Hess's Law.
Hess's Law states that regardless of the multiple stages or steps of a reaction, the total enthalpy change for the reaction is the sum of all changes. This law is a manifestation that enthalpy is a state function.
We should modify the given 3 equations to obtain the proposed reaction:6C(s) + 6H₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → C₆H₁₂O₆(s),
We should multiply the first equation by (6) and also multiply its ΔH by (6):
6C(s) + 6O₂(g) → 6CO₂(g), ∆H₁ = (6)(–393.51 kJ) = - 2361.06 kJ,
Also, we should multiply the second equation and its ΔH by (6):
6H₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → 6H₂O(l), ∆H₂ = (6)(–285.83 kJ) = - 1714.98 kJ.
Finally, we should reverse the first equation and multiply its ΔH by (- 1):
6CO₂(g) + H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(s) + 6O₂(g), ∆H₃ = (-1)(–2803.02 kJ) = 2803.02 kJ.
By summing the three equations, we cam get the proposed reaction:
6C(s) + 6H₂(g) + 3O₂(g) → C₆H₁₂O₆(s),
And to get the heat of reaction for the production of glucose, we can sum the values of the three ∆H:
∆Hrxn = ∆H₁ + ∆H₂ + ∆H₃ = (- 2361.06 kJ) + (- 1714.98 kJ) + (2803.02 kJ) = - 1273.02 kJ.
Answer:
- 1273.02 kJ
Explanation:
the most familiar elements are typically the most
-Are the most used in daily life and basic human needs
(such as oxygen,nitrogen,carbon, etc)
Explanation:
The most familiar elements are the ones most abundant in the earth and therefore the most economic ones. Good examples of this elements are oxygen, carbon, nitrogen silicium.
Balance the following reaction. As2S3 + 9O2 → 2As2O3 + SO2
Answer:
2As2S3 + 9O2 = 2As2O3 + 6SO2
Explanation:
The correct balanced reaction is:-
2 As₂S₃ (s) + 9 O₂ (g) → 2 As₂O₃ (s) + 6 SO₂ (aq)
What is a balanced reaction?A balanced chemical equation occurs when the number of the atoms involved in the reactants side is equal to the number of atoms in the products side. In this chemical reaction, nitrogen (N₂) reacts with hydrogen (H) to produce ammonia (NH₃). The reactants are nitrogen and hydrogen, and the product is ammonia. It means to make the number of atoms the same on both the reactants and products side.
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(Need all boxes answered)
Bicarbonate of soda (sodium hydrogen carbonate) is used in many commercial preparations. Its formula is NaHCO3. Find the mass percentages (mass %) of Na, H, C, and O in sodium hydrogen carbonate. You may use whole numbers for the masses.
The mass of one mole of NaHCO3 is:
Answer & Explanation:
If we have 1.0 mol of NaHCO₃:∴ The mass of 1.0 mol of NaHCO₃ = (no. of moles of NaHCO₃)(the molecular mass of NaHCO₃)
∴ The mass of 1.0 mol of NaHCO₃ = (1)(the molecular mass of NaHCO₃) = (the molecular mass of NaHCO₃).
∴ The mass of 1.0 mol of NaHCO₃ = (atomic weight of Na) + (atomic weight of H) + (atomic weight of C) + 3(atomic weight of O) = (23.0 g of Na) + (1.0 g of H) + (12.0 g of C) + 3(16.0 g of O) = (23.0 g of Na) + (1.0 g of H) + (12.0 g of C) + (48.0 g of O) = 84.0 g.
To find the mass% of each element:For Na:
The mass% of Na = (the mass of Na)/(the mass of NaHCO₃) = (23.0 g)/(84.0 g) x 100 = 27.381%.
For H:
The mass% of H = (the mass of H)/(the mass of NaHCO₃) = (1.0 g)/(84.0 g) x 100 = 1.19%.
For C:
The mass% of C = (the mass of C)/(the mass of NaHCO₃) = (12.0 g)/(84.0 g) x 100 = 14.285%.
For O:
The mass% of O = (the mass of O)/(the mass of NaHCO₃) = (48.0 g)/(84.0 g) x 100 = 57.143%.
The sum of % of elements = mass% of Na + mass% of H + mass% of C + mass% of O = 27.381% + 1.19% + 14.285% + 57.143% = 99.999% ≅ 100.0%.
Answer:
Here's what I get.
Explanation:
[tex]\text{The mass of one mole of NaHCO$_{3}$ is:}\\\\\text{$\boxed{23}$ g Na +$\boxed{1}$ g H + $\boxed{12}$ g C + $\boxed{48}$ g O = $\boxed{84}$ g}[/tex]
[tex]\text{mass $\%$ Na = $\boxed{23}$ g $/$ $\boxed{84}$ g $\times$ 100 = $\boxed{27.38}$ $\%$}\\\\\text{mass $\%$ H = $ \quad \boxed{1}$ g $/$ $\boxed{84}$ g $\times$ 100 = $\boxed{1.19}$ $\%$}\\\\\text{mass $\%$ C = $\:\: \boxed{12}$ g $/$ $\boxed{84}$ g $\times$ 100 = $\boxed{14.29}$ $\%$}\\\\\text{mass $\%$ O = $\:\: \boxed{48}$ g $/$ $\boxed{84}$ g $\times$ 100 = $\boxed{57.14}$ $\%$}[/tex]
[tex]\boxed{27.38} + \boxed{1.19} + \boxed{14.29} + \boxed{ 57.14} = \boxed{100.00}[/tex]
How many grams of NaOH are needed to make 0.250 liter of a 0.500 M solution of NaOH? 0.125 g 5.00 g 2.00 g
Answer:
5.00g
Explanation:
Molarity is moles per liter
Therefore:
x moles/.250L = .5 moles/1L
Solve for x: .125 moles required
Question asks for grams of NaOH so multiply the moles by the molar mass of NaOH
.125(39.997) = 4.999625g
Rounds to 5.00g
Answer:
Explanation:
0.5 times 39.98(mass of NaOH) = 19.99.../ 0.25= 4.99 so 5.00
Listenwhich change in the h+ ion concentration of an aqueous solution represents a decrease of one unit on the ph scale?
Answer:
Explanation:
The pH scale is a logarithmic scale that runs from 1 to 14.
1 is the lower limit of the scale and 14 is the upper limit of the scale. On a pH scale, to represent a decrease of one unit, the concentration of the hydrogen ion or the hydroxyl ion must change.
A decrease in 1 unit or 1 pH represents a concentration of 10moldm⁻³.
Note: pH= -log₁₀[H⁺]
Which isomers can have different physical or chemical properties?
structural isomers only
geometric isomers only
both structural isomers and geometric isomers
neither structural isomers nor geometric isomers
Explanation:
isomers Chemical compounds having the same molecular formula but different properties due to the different arrangement of atoms within the molecules. Structural isomers haveatoms connected in different ways. Geometric isomers, also called cis-trans isomers, differ in their symmetry about a double bond.
Answer: Option (b) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A geometric isomer is defined as an isomer that contains different arrangement of groups across the double bond, ring etc. Generally, coordination compounds show geometric isomers.
For example, cis-2,butene and trans-2,butene are geometrical isomers.
Geometrical isomers cause change in geometry of a compound. Due to this both physical and chemical properties of a substance changes.
On the other hand, structural isomers are the isomers that have same chemical formula but different structure due to different sequence of atoms present in the formula.
For example, butane and isobutane are structural isomers.
Therefore, we can conclude that geometric isomers only have different physical or chemical properties. ty
Initially a beaker contains 225.0 mL of a 0.350 M MgSO4 solution. Then 175.0 mL of water are added to the beaker. Find the concentration of the final solution
Answer:
came
Explanation:
Answer:
400.0
Explanation:
I just got it right
Solid iodine is heated and immediately produces a toxic, purple, gas. Which phase change has occurred here?
Melting
Sublimation
Condensation
Evaporation
Answer:
Sublimation
Explanation:
Sublimation is the direct conversion of a solid to a gas.
A. is wrong. Melting is the conversion of a solid to a liquid.
C. is wrong. Condensation is the conversion of a gas to a liquid.
D. is wrong. Evaporation is the conversion of a liquid to a gas.
How do CFCs cause ozone depletion? How do CFCs cause ozone depletion? Ultraviolet radiation breaks down CFCs, molecules containing chlorine. Chlorine then breaks one oxygen atom away from ozone, leaving behind a paired oxygen molecule. Ultraviolet radiation breaks down CFCs, molecules containing chlorine. Chlorine then breaks two oxygen atoms away from ozone, leaving behind a paired oxygen molecule. Ultraviolet radiation creates CFCs, molecules containing chlorine. Chlorine then breaks two oxygen atoms away from ozone, leaving behind a paired oxygen molecule. Ultraviolet radiation creates CFCs, molecules containing chlorine. Chlorine then breaks one oxygen atom away from ozone, leaving behind a paired oxygen molecule.
Answer:
Ultraviolet radiation breaks down CFCs, molecules containing chlorine. Chlorine then breaks one oxygen atom away from ozone, leaving behind a paired oxygen molecule.
Explanation:
Chlorofluorocarbons are popular called CFCs and are great climate forcers. When released into the atmosphere they cause depletion of ozone layers in the stratosphere.
CFCs are readily broken down by ultraviolet rays from the sun. This atmospheric reaction releases an atom of Cl. Chlorine is a very reactive element because it is a halogen and it requires just an electron to make it stable.
Ozone is made of three oxygen atoms. On losing an oxygen atom, it has two oxygen atoms and this turns the ozone layer to an oxygen gas pool.
CFCs lead to ozone depletion by releasing chlorine atoms that transform ozone into oxygen, thereby reducing the ozone layer's protective capacity against harmful UV radiation.
Explanation:Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) contribute to ozone depletion because they release chlorine atoms in the stratosphere, which then engage in a destructive cycle with ozone molecules. Ultraviolet radiation breaks down CFCs, releasing chlorine atoms. These chlorine atoms react with ozone (O3), converting it to oxygen molecules (O2) through the following reactions:
Cl + O3 → ClO + O2
ClO + O → Cl + 2O2
Not only does one chlorine atom destroy many ozone molecules, but it also acts as a catalyst, meaning that after each reaction, it can continue to destroy more ozone without being consumed itself. This process hinders the ozone layer's ability to absorb ultraviolet light, resulting in increased levels of harmful UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface. The Montreal Protocol has been a significant international effort to phase out the use of CFCs and limit future ozone depletion.
A chemist has dissolved a certain substance in water. The chemist knows that more of the substance could be dissolved into the water before it stops dissolving. Therefore
Answer:
Therefore it has not become a saturated solution
Who is considered the founder of the periodic table of the elements?
Answer:
Dmitry Mendeleev
Explanation:
Around 1869 a Russian scientist, Dmitry Mendeleev formed what is now known as the periodic table or chart. The Mendeleevian periodic table was based on the atomic weights of elements using the periodic law. The periodic law states that "chemical properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic weights".
The modern periodic table was re-stated by Henry Moseley in the 1900s. He changed the basis of the periodic law to atomic masses.
Suppose one magnesium hydroxide tablet costs 0.0500 dollars. Let each 1.00 g magnesium hydroxide tablet be 100. percent magnesium hydroxide. Using only these tablets, you are required to neutralize 2.00 L of 0.500 M HCl. How much does this cost? Express your answer in dollars.
Answer:
1.46 $.
Explanation:
Mg(OH)₂ neutralizes HCl according to the balanced reaction:2HCl + Mg(OH)₂ → MgCl₂ + 2H₂O.
Every 2 moles of HCl are neutralized by 1 mole of Mg(OH)₂.
At neutralization: The no. of moles of HCl is equal to the no. of moles of Mg(OH)₂.
The no. of moles of HCl = (MV) of HCl = (2.0 L)(0.5 mol/L) = 1.0 mol.
This requires 0.5 mol of Mg(OH)₂ to be neutralized.
∵ no. of moles of Mg(OH)₂ = mass/molar mass.
∴ mass of Mg(OH)₂ = (no. of moles of Mg(OH)₂)(molar mass) = (0.5 mol)(58.32 g/mol) = 29.16 g.
To find the cost, we can use cross multiplication:
1.0 g of Mg(OH)₂ costs → 0.05 $.
29.16 g of Mg(OH)₂ costs → ??? $.
∴ The cost of tablets = (29.16 g)(0.05 $) = 1.46 $.
The cost of the magnesium hydroxide tablet that will be required to neutralize 2.00 L of 0.500 M HCl would be 1.46 dollars
Stoichiometric equationFrom the equation of the reaction:
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl ---------------> MgCl2 + 2H2O
The mole ratio of Mg(OH)2 to HCl = 1:2
Mole of 2.00 L, 0.500 M HCl = 0.500 x 2.00 = 1 mole
Equivalent mole of Mg(OH)2 = 1/2 = 0.5 moles
Mass of 0.5 mole Mg(OH)2 = 0.5 x 58.3
= 29.15 g
Since 1 tablet = 1.00 g Mg(OH)2 = 0.05 dollars.
29.15 g Mg(OH)2 = 29.15 tablet = 29.15 x 0.05 dollars
= 1.46 dollars
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As an alternative energy source, nuclear energy is more harmful to the environment than a coal-fired power plant because it produces more mercury, air pollution, and carbon dioxide.
True
or
false
Answer:
False
Explanation:
It is coal-fired power plants that produce mercury, air pollution, and carbon dioxide.
However, nuclear energy produces radioactive waste that must be stored for many years before it can be safely disposed.
Consider the equilibrium system:
2ICl(s) ⇄ I2(s) + Cl2(g)
Which of the following changes will increase the total amount of of Cl2 that can be produced?
All of the listed answers are correct
decreasing the volume of the container
removing the Cl2 as it is formed
adding more ICl(s)
removing some of the I2(s)
Answer:
removing the Cl₂ as it is formed .
adding more ICl(s) .
removing some of the I₂(s).
Explanation:
Le Châtelier's principle states that when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.
1) Decreasing the volume of the container:
Decreasing the volume of the container will increase the pressure.When there is an increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas of the reaction. And when there is a decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.The reactants side (left) has no moles of gases and the products side (right) has 1.0 mole of gases.So, increasing the pressure will shift the reaction to the side with lower moles of gas (left side) and so the total amount of Cl₂ produced is decreased.so, decreasing the volume of the container will decrease the total amount of Cl₂ produced.
2) Removing the Cl₂ as it is formed:
Removing Cl₂ gas will decrease the concentration of the products side, so the reaction will be shifted to the right side to suppress the decrease in the concentration of Cl₂ gas by removing and so the total amount of Cl₂ produced is increased.so, removing the Cl₂ as it is formed will increase the total amount of Cl₂ produced.
3) Adding more ICl(s) :
Adding ICl(s) will increase the concentration of the reactants side, so the reaction will be shifted to the right side to suppress the increase in the concentration of ICl(s) by addition and so the total amount of Cl₂ produced is increased.so, adding more ICl(s) will increase the total amount of Cl₂ produced.
2) Removing some of the I₂(s):
Removing I₂ gas will decrease the concentration of the products side, so the reaction will be shifted to the right side to suppress the decrease in the concentration of Cl₂ gas by removing and so the total amount of Cl₂ produced is increased.so, removing some of the I₂(s) will increase the total amount of Cl₂ produced.
the following changes will increase the total amount of of Cl2 that can be produced:
removing the Cl₂ as it is formed .adding more ICl(s) .removing some of the I₂(s).The change that can increase the total amount of Cl2 produced would be the removal of Cl2 as it is being formed.
EquilibriumWhen a reaction is in equilibrium and one of the constraints that affect the rate of reactions is introduced, the equilibrium shifts so as to annul the effects of the introduced constraint.
Thus, if Cl2 is constantly being removed from the reaction vessels, the reaction will adjust in order to return to equilibrium, thus more Cl2 is produced.
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The molecule CH2O contains two single bonds and one double bond. True or False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
CH2O is a polar molecule. It has three polar bonds that are arranged asymmetrically, thus allowing their dipole moments to add up and give the molecule an overall dipole moment. CH2O has a central carbon atom that forms two single bonds with the two hydrogen atoms and a double bond with the oxygen atom.
Answer: The given statement is true.
Explanation:
As the given molecule is [tex]CH_{2}O[/tex]. Name of this compound is formaldehyde as it contains aldehyde functional group, that is, CHO group.
In this molecule, carbon is the central atom and both the hydrogen atoms are attached to the carbon atom through one single bond each.
Whereas oxygen is also attached to the carbon atom but through a double bond.
Therefore, we can conclude that the statement molecule [tex]CH_{2}O[/tex] contains two single bonds and one double bond, is true.
The isomers butane and methylpropane have
(1) the same molecular formula and the same properties
(2) the same molecular formula and different properties
(3) a different molecular formula and the same properties
(4) a different molecular formula and different properties
Answer:
(2) the same molecular formula and different properties
Explanation:
Butane and methylpropane are both isomers.
Isomerism signifies the existence of two or more compounds with different molecular structure but having the same molecular formula.
The structural difference is as a result of arrangement of the atoms or the orientation of the atoms in space.
Compounds differing in their structures but having the same molecular formula are called isomers. Isomers like butane and methylpropane differs in both their physical and chemical properties.
PLEASE ANSWER Which is/are true?
[mark all correct
a. Li has valence electrons in the n = 1 energy level.
b. Si has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.
c. Ga has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.
d. Xe has valence electrons in the n = 5 energy level.
e. P has valence electrons in the n = 2 energy level.
You have to check each statement, so this is equivalent to 5 different questions.
Answers:
The true statements are:
b. Si has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.d. Xe has valence electrons in the n = 5 energy level.Explanations:
a. Li has valence electrons in the n = 1 energy level.
Answer: False.Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost main energy level (shell of electrons).
To determine where the valence electrons are, you build the electron configuration, using Aufbau rules to predict the orbital filling: in increasing order of energy.
The atomic number of lithium (Li) is 3. Hence, you have to distribute 3 electrons, and so its electron confiuration is:
1s² 2s¹The only valence electron is in the 2s orbital, i.e. in the n = 2 energy level.
b. Si has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.
Answer: TrueSilicon (Si) has atomic number 14, so you have to distribute 14 electrons in increasing order of energy:
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p²Thus, Si has five valence electrons, and they are in the n = 3 energy level.
c. Ga has valence electrons in the n = 3 energy level.
Answer: FalseGallium has atomic number 31, so you have to distribute 31 electrons, filling the orbitals in increasing order of enery.
1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p¹The highest energy level is 4. This is where the valence electrons are. So, Ga has the valence electrons in the n = 4 level (not n = 3 as the statement describes).
d. Xe has valence electrons in the n = 5 energy level.
Answer: TrueThe atomic number of Xe is 54.
Using the short notation (noble gas notation), and filling the orbitals in increasing order of energy, you get the configuration:
[Kr] 5s² 4d¹⁰ 5p⁶.Hence, the valence electrons are in the n ) 5 level, such as the statement describes.
e. P has valence electrons in the n = 2 energy level.
Answer: FalsePhosphorus (P) has atomic number 15, hence there are 15 electrons.
The electron configuration following the increasing order of energy, which you can remember using Aufbau rules, is:
1s² 2s² 3s² 3p³Then, the valence electrons are in the n = 3 energy level; not in the n = 2 energy level.
Select the correct answer. An atom of nitrogen has seven electrons. Which diagram correctly represents the arrangement of these electrons? A. two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, and one set of three blue boxes representing 2p orbitals; 1s and 2s orbitals have a pair of up and down arrows; 2p orbitals show one filled orbital with a pair of up and down arrows, a partially filled orbital with one up arrow, and an empty orbital B. two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, and one set of three blue boxes representing 2p orbitals; 1s orbital has a pair of up-facing arrows and the 2s orbital has a pair of down-facing arrows; 2p orbitals show one filled orbital with a pair of up-facing arrows, a partially filled orbital with one down-facing arrow, and an empty orbital C. two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, and one set of three blue boxes representing 2p orbitals; 1s and 2s orbitals have a pair of up and down arrows; 2p orbitals show three partially filled orbitals with a single up-facing arrow D. two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, and one set of three blue boxes representing 2p orbitals; 1s orbital has a pair of up-facing arrows and 2s orbital has a pair of down-facing arrows; 2p orbitals show three partially filled orbitals with one up-facing arrows in two of the orbitals and one down-facing arrow in the third
Answer:
C. two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, and one set of three blue boxes representing 2p orbitals; 1s and 2s orbitals have a pair of up and down arrows; 2p orbitals show three partially filled orbitals with a single up-facing arrow
Explanation:
This problem is concerned with the electronic distribution of electrons into the energy levels or sub-level of the atom of nitrogen. Here in particular, we want to know the sublevel arrangement of electrons in the nitrogen atom.
Nitrogen has 7 electrons.
In order to know the sequence of filling of the atoms we must be guided by some principles:
We must know that the maximum number of electrons in the orbitals of the sub-levels are: 2 for s-sublevel, 6 for p-sublevel, 10 for d-sublevel and fourteen for f-sublevel. The sublevels with the lower energies are filled first according to the aufbau's principle: 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p...........No two electrons can have the same set of values for the four quantum numbers i.e electrons cannot spin in the same direction. This is the pauli's exclusion principle. Electrons go into degenerate orbitals singly before pairing starts according to Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity.Obeying these principles, we have:
N (7) = 1s²2s²2p³
The first blue boxes are the s-sublevels 1s²2s² with one orbital and would have two electrons each oriented in the up and down direction.
The p-sublevel has three orbitals and according to hund's rule, electrons would go in singly before pairing starts. This leaves the three orbitals with a single up facing arrow.
The correct arrangement of seven electrons in a nitrogen atom is: two pairs in the 1s and 2s orbitals, and one electron in each of the three 2p orbitals. This matches the description given in option C.
Explanation:The correct answer is C. The atomic structure of nitrogen (atomic number 7) includes seven electrons, distributed over the 1s, 2s, and 2p orbitals. These orbitals follow the rules of Hund's Rule, which states that all orbitals in a given subshell (2p in this case) must be singly occupied before any double occupation occurs. Therefore, the nitrogen atom fills the 1s and 2s orbitals with two electrons each and has one electron in each of the three 2p orbitals.
So, the diagram representing nitrogen's electron arrangement is: two blue boxes representing 1s and 2s orbitals, both filled with a pair of up and down arrows (indicating two electrons in each); followed by a set of three blue boxes indicating 2p orbitals, where each box contains a single upward arrow (representing one electron in each 2p orbital) which matches the description of option C.
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Consider the following reaction at equilibrium. 2CO2 (g) 2CO (g) + O2 (g) H° = -514 kJ Le Châtelier's principle predicts that the equilibrium partial pressure of CO (g) can be maximized by carrying out the reaction ________. a. at high temperature and high pressure b. at high temperature and low pressure c. at low temperature and low pressure d. at low temperature and high pressure e. in the presence of solid carbon
Answer:
C. at low temperature and low pressure.
Explanation:
Le Châtelier's principle states that when there is an dynamic equilibrium, and this equilibrium is disturbed by an external factor, the equilibrium will be shifted in the direction that can cancel the effect of the external factor to reattain the equilibrium.For the reaction:
2CO₂(g) ⇄ 2CO(g) + O₂(g), ΔH = -514 kJ.
Effect of pressure:
When there is an increase in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with fewer moles of gas of the reaction. And when there is a decrease in pressure, the equilibrium will shift towards the side with more moles of gas of the reaction.The reactants side (left) has 2.0 moles of gases and the products side (right) has 3.0 moles of gases.So, decreasing the pressure will shift the reaction to the side with higher no. of moles of gas (right side, products), so the equilibrium partial pressure of CO (g) can be maximized at low pressure.
Effect of temperature:
The reaction is exothermic because the sign of ΔH is (negative).So, we can write the reaction as:2CO₂(g) ⇄ 2CO(g) + O₂(g) + heat.
Decreasing the temperature will decrease the concentration of the products side, so the reaction will be shifted to the right side to suppress the decrease in the temperature, so the equilibrium partial pressure of CO (g) can be maximized at low temperature.So, the right choice is:
C. at low temperature and low pressure.
A runner wants to run 13.1 km . She knows that her running pace is 6.2 mi/h .How many minutes must she run? Hint: Use 6.2 mi/h as a conversion factor between distance and time.
Answer:
79 minutesExplanation:
1) Convert the distance, 13.1 km to miles
Conversion factor:1 = 1 mi / 1.61 km
13.1 km [ 1 mi / 1.61 km ] = 8.1336 mi2) Use 6.2 mi/h as a converstion factor between distance and time
8.1366 mi × 1 / [6.2 mi/h] = 1.3124 h3) Convert 1.3124 h to minutes
1.3124 h × [ 60 min/h] = 78.7 minRounding to the nearest minutes (two significant figures):
79 min ← answer"Each value below represents a different aqueous solution at 25 °C. Classify each solution as acidic, basic, or?Are the following acidic, basic or nuetral? pOH=3.37 pOH=11.40 [h+]=3.8x10^-4 [h+]=5.8x10^-8 [OH-]=3.5x10^-12 [OH-]=6.6x10^-3 [h+]=1.0x10^-7 pOh=7 pH=5.11 pH=12.94"
The solutions having pOH=3.37, [h+]=3.8x10^-4 and pH=5.11 are acidic. Solutions with pOH=11.40, [OH-]=6.6x10^-3 and pH=12.94 are basic. The solution with [h+]=1.0x10^-7 is neutral. The solutions with [h+]=5.8x10^-8 and [OH-]=3.5x10^-12 are mildly acidic and basic respectively.
Explanation:In an aqueous solution at 25 °C, the pH and pOH scales are defined so that water, which is neutral, has a pH of 7.00 and a pOH of 7.00. If the pH is less than 7, the solution is acidic. If the pH is greater than 7, the solution is basic. Hence, solutions with pOH=3.37 and [h+]=3.8x10^-4 are acidic, as they would have a pH lower than 7. The solutions with pOH=11.40, [OH-]=6.6x10^-3 and pH=12.94 are basic, as they would have a pH higher than 7. The solution with [h+]=1.0x10^-7 is neutral as it has a pH of 7. The solutions with [h+]=5.8x10^-8 and [OH-]=3.5x10^-12 are slightly acidic and basic respectively due to being close to the pH of 7. The solution with pH=5.11 is acidic as it's less than 7.
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The given solutions can be classified based on pH, pOH, [H+] and [OH-]. Based on these values, they are categorised as acidic, basic, or neutral.
Explanation:The values provided are measures of the concentration of Hydronium ions [H+], hydroxide ions [OH-], pH, and pOH, which help determine whether a solution is acidic, basic, or neutral. At 25 degrees Celsius, a neutral solution has pH = 7, pOH=7, [H+] = 1.0x10^-7, and [OH-] = 1.0x10^-7. If the pH or [H+] is less than 7, or pOH or [OH-] is greater than 7, the solution is acidic. If the pH or [H+] is greater than 7, or pOH or [OH-] is less than 7, the solution is basic.
Applying this for each solution: pOH=3.37, acidic; pOH=11.40, basic; [H+]=3.8x10^-4, acidic; [H+]=5.8x10^-8, acidic; [OH-]=3.5x10^-12, acidic; [OH-]=6.6x10^-3, basic; [H+]=1.0x10^-7, neutral; pOH=7, neutral; pH=5, acidic; pH=12.94, basic.
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Identify the alkane?
a. C5H12
b. C10H20
c. C3H4
d. C18H40
Answer:
a.
Explanation:
c5h12 is Pentane, which is a straight chain alkane.
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When a hydrochloric acid solution is combined with a potassium hydroxide solution, an acid-base reaction occur?
when hydrochloric acid is added to a potassium hydroxide solution, the acid and base would react to form salt(potassium chloride) and water
Chemical Formula:
HCl(aq) +KOH(aq) ---> KCl (aq) + H20 (l)
Answer: [tex]HCl(aq)+KOH(aq)\rightarrow KCl(aq)+H_2O(l)[/tex]
Explanation:
Neutralization is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base reacts to form salt and water.
[tex]HX+BOH\rightarrow BX}H_2O[/tex]
Neutralization is a double displacement reaction is one in which exchange of ions take place. The salts which are soluble in water are designated by symbol (aq) and those which are insoluble in water and remain in solid form are represented by (s) after their chemical formulas.
The chemical equation for reaction of hydrochloric acid solution with a potassium hydroxide solution is:
[tex]HCl(aq)+KOH(aq)\rightarrow KCl(aq)+H_2O(l)[/tex]