Answer: The correct answer is "B. Zimbabwe".
Explanation: GDP growth is crucial for an economy, since an increase in it reflects an increase in economic activity. If economic activity picks up, it means that unemployment tends to decrease and that per capita income increases.
In the case of Zimbabwe, population growth is far superior to GDP growth, therefore this makes economic growth much more difficult since there are more people per capita income is diminished.
Aggregate expenditure equals the sum of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. These are also the components of aggregate demand. The aggregate expenditure model looks at the effects of changes in demand on income (Y), assuming that the price level does not change. Likewise, in the flat or Keynesian portion of the AS curve, the price level will not change when output changes. In an AE model with MPC = 0.80, the government increases spending by $100 million. What will be the increase in equilibrium Y in the Keynesian AE model? Say you have two graphs of an economy: a graph showing the Keynesian model (as discussed in part A, above) and another showing the AD/AS model. In the AD/AS diagram, the AD curve will shift to the right by the amount of the increase in Y predicted by the Keynesian AE model. If the AD curve intersects the AS curve in the flat, Keynesian portion of the AS curve, what will be the increase in real output in the AD/AS model resulting from the $100 million increase in government spending? Continuing the line of questioning from part B, above, now say the AD curve intersects the AS curve where the AS is vertical. What will be the increase in real output in the AD/AS model resulting from the $100 million increase in government spending? If the AD curve intersects the AS curve in the middle section of the AS curve, can you calculate the increase in real output in the AD/AS model resulting from the $100 million increase in government spending? If not, what additional information would you need? In general, what effect does the slope of the AS curve have on the size of the change in real output due to an increase in autonomous expenditure in the AE model? At the flat, horizontal portion of the AS curve an increase in AD will greatly increase output but barely, if at all, affect the price level. At the more vertical portion of the AS cure, an increase in AD will cause a small, if any, increase in output and a large increase in price level.
In a Keynesian AE model with an MPC of 0.80, an increase in government spending of $100 million can increase the equilibrium income (Y) by $500 million. The effect of this in the AD/AS model varies based on where the AD curve intersects with the AS curve. Detailed computation can depend on additional factors like price elasticity and planned expenditure levels.
Explanation:In Keynesian economic theory, the aggregate demand (AD) equals the sum of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports. The equilibrium income (Y) is significantly affected by these factors. For instance, with an MPC of 0.80, a government spending increase of $100 million could result in an equilibrium increase in Y by $500 million (1/1-MPC x $100 million), in an AE model.
In an AD/AS model, if the AD curve intersects the AS curve in the flat Keynesian portion, the increase in real output will be the same as in the Keynesian AE model i.e. $500 million, reflecting the multiplier effect, with no change in price level. However, if the AD curve intersects the AS curve where AS is vertical, there will be no increase in real output irrespective of the increase in government spending. This depicts a situation of full employment where any increase in AD is met with price increases but not output increases.
For a situation where the AD curve intersects with the AS curve in the middle section, additional inputs like price elasticity and planned expenditure levels are needed to accurately compute the change in output. The slope of the AS curve indicates the responsiveness of output to changes in AD. At the flat, horizontal portion of the AS curve, an increase in AD will greatly increase output with minimal change in price level. On the other hand, in a more vertical AS curve, an increase in AD would result in a minimal change in output but a large change in the price level, this is because productive resources are nearly fully employed.
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Final answer:
In the Keynesian AE model with an MPC of 0.80, a $100 million increase in government spending leads to a $500 million increase in equilibrium GDP due to the multiplier effect. The AD curve's shift and its impact on real output depend on where it intersects the AS curve, with different outcomes in the Keynesian, classical, and intermediate ranges of the AS curve.
Explanation:
Impact of Government Spending in Keynesian AE Model
In an aggregate expenditure (AE) model with a marginal propensity to consume (MPC) of 0.80, a $100 million increase in government spending leads to an increase in equilibrium real GDP (Y). This impact is calculated using the multiplier effect. The multiplier in this scenario is 1/(1 - MPC), which equals 1/(1 - 0.80) or 5. Therefore, the increase in equilibrium Y would be $100 million multiplied by 5, resulting in a $500 million increase.
Shift in AD Curve and Output Changes
On an aggregate demand/aggregate supply (AD/AS) model, the AD curve shifts to the right by the change in Y, which is $500 million, when government spending increases. If the AD curve intersects the AS curve on the flat Keynesian portion of the AS curve, there will be a large increase in real output without a change in the price level. Conversely, if the AD curve intersects the AS curve where the AS is vertical (classical range), the increase in government spending will not affect real output and will only raise the price level.
If the AD curve intersects the AS curve on the upward sloping portion (intermediate range), additional information would be needed to determine the effect on real output and the price level. The slope of the AS curve determines how changes in AD affect real output and the price level.
The Doral Company manufactures and sells pens. Currently, 5,000,000 units are sold per year at $0.50 per unit. The fixed costs are $900,000 per year. Variable costs are $0.30 per unit.
Consider each case separately:
1a. What is the current annual operating income?
b. What is the present breakeven point in revenues?
Compute the new operating income for each of the following changes:
2. A $0.04 per unit increase in variable costs
3. A 10% increase in fixed costs and a 10% increase in units sold
4. A 20% decrease in fixed costs, a 20% decrease in selling price, a 10% decrease in variable cost per unit and a 40% increase inunits sold.
Compute the new breakeven point in units for each of the following changes:
5. A 10% increase in fixed costs
6. A 10% increase in selling price and a $20,000 increase in fixed costs
Answer:
Operating Income = $100,000
Explanation:
1 a. What is the current annual operating income?
Revenue - 5,000,000* $0.5 = 2,500,000
Less: Variable Costs - 5,000,000*$0.3 = 1,500,000
Contribution = 1,000,000 (margin = 1m/2.5m = 40%)
Less: Fixed Costs ....$900.000
Operating Income = $100,000
b. What is the present break even point in revenues?
BEP = FC/Contribution Margin = 900,000/0.4 = $2,250,000
2. A $0.04 per unit increase in variable costs
Revenue - 5,000,000* $0.5 = 2,500,000
Less: Variable Costs - 5,000,000*$0.34 = 1,700,000
Contribution = 800,000
Less: Fixed Costs ....$900.000
Operating Income = ($100,000)
3. A 10% increase in fixed costs and a 10% increase in units sold
Revenue - 5,500,000* $0.5 = 2,750,000
Less: Variable Costs - 5,500,000*$0.3 = 1,650,000
Contribution = 1,100,000
Less: Fixed Costs ....$990.000
Operating Income = $110,000
4. A 20% decrease in fixed costs, a 20% decrease in selling price, a 10% decrease in variable cost per unit and a 40% increase inunits sold.
Revenue - 7,000,000* $0.4 = 2,800,000
Less: Variable Costs - 7,000,000*$0.27 = 1,890,000
Contribution = 910,000
Less: Fixed Costs ....$720.000
Operating Income = $190,000
5.Compute the new breakeven point in units for each of the following changes: A 10% increase in fixed costs
BEP = FC/Contribution Margin = 810,000/0.4 = $2,025,000
6. A 10% increase in selling price and a $20,000 increase in fixed costs
Revised Contribution Margin = 0.55 - 0.3 = 0.25; 0.25/0.55 = 0.4545
BEP = FC/Contribution Margin = 1080,000/0.4545 = $2,376,238
Answer:
1 a) Operating Income $ 100,000
1 b) Breakeven point in revenues $ 2,250,000
2) Operating Loss : $ 100,000
3) Operating Income $ 60,000
4) Operating Income $ 190,000
5) Breakeven point in revenues $ 2,475,000
Explanation:
Explanation for Answer 1a
Revenues (5,000,000*.5) = $ 2,500,000
Fixed costs $( 900,000)
Variable Cost ( 5,000,000 *.30) $( 1,500,000)
Operating Income $ 100,000
Explanation for Answer 1b
Revenues (4,500,000*.5) = $ 2,250,000
Fixed costs $( 900,000)
Variable Cost ( 4,500,000 *.30) $( 1,350,000)
Operating Income $ 0
Explanation for Answer 2
Revenues (5,000,000*.5) = $ 2,500,000
Fixed costs $( 900,000)
Variable Cost ( 5,000,000 *.34) $( 1,700,000)
Operating Loss $( 100,000)
Explanation for Answer 3
Revenues (5,500,000*.5) = $ 2,750,000
Fixed costs (900,000*110%) $( 990,000)
Variable Cost ( 5,000,000 *.34) $( 1,700,000)
Operating Income $ 60.000
Explanation for Answer 4
Revenues (5,000,000*140% * 80 %) = $ 2,800.000
Fixed costs (900,000*80%) $ ( 720,000)
Variable Cost ( 7,000,000 *.27) $ ( 1,890,000)
Operating Income $ 190,000
Explanation for Answer 5
Revenues (4,950,000*.5) = $ 2,475,000
Fixed costs $( 990,000)
Variable Cost ( 4,950,000 *.30) $( 1,585,000)
Operating Income $ 0
Explanation for Answer 6
Revenues (3,680,000*.55) = $ 2,024,000
Fixed costs $( 920,000)
Variable Cost ( 3,680,000 *.30) $( 1,104,000)
Operating Income $ 0
The Fiesta Royale Corporation payroll for the first week in January was $14,000. The amount of income tax withheld was 20 percent and the FICA, state unemployment, and federal unemployment tax rates were 8 percent, 5 percent, and 1 percent, respectively. The amount of the employees' withholding taxes are________________.
a. $4,760.b. $3,920.c. $2,800.d. $5,100.
Answer:
Explanation:
Income taxes withheld 2800 [$14000*0.2]
FICA taxes withheld 1120 [$14000*0.08]
Employees' withholding taxes total 3920 [2800+1120]
When referring to "marginal" changes, the economic focus is on
large changes on the low end.
changes that affect only a few people or products.
small or incremental changes.
graduated changes on the high end.
Option C
When referring to "marginal" changes, the economic focus is on small or incremental changes.
Explanation:
“Marginal” in economics indicates “added” or “extra”. It is the belief that Organizations may exercise determinations by examining the influence of minute variations from the current state. A marginal change is proportionally quite a little increase or reduction to the entire amount of any variable. Statisticians practice the name marginal change to represent tiny incremental improvements to an actual form of progress.
Statisticians rely massively on the view that firms, purchasers and other business quarters can progress judgments by considering in names of the margin. Basic marginal ideas in economics involve marginal cost, marginal benefit.
Do the following activities contribute to US GDP in 2020? Explain why or why not? In which year do these activities contribute to US GDP and to which component of expenditure?
(a) A new Toyota Camry built in Japan and sold in the US in 2019
(b) A new Toyota Camry built in Tennessee in December 2013 and sold in Canada in January 2020
(c) A used Toyota Camry built in Japan in 2007 and sold in the US in December 2020
(d) A new Toyota Camry built in Tennessee in December 2013 and sold in North Carolina in June of 2020
(e) A used Toyota Camry bought by a used car dealership for $5000 and sold for $6000 in 2020
The GDP includes only new goods and services bought and produced within the country in a specific year. Imported cars, used cars, and cars made in an earlier year do not contribute to the GDP of the stated year. Only new cars produced and sold to other countries contribute to the GDP as exports.
Explanation:The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a country is the sum of all goods and services produced within a certain period. It is divided into four main components: consumption (C), investment (I), government spending (G), and net exports (X-M).
A new Toyota Camry built in Japan and sold in the US in 2019 would not contribute to US GDP in 2020 as it's counted in the year it was sold (2019) and falls under imports (M) since it was made outside the US. A new Toyota Camry built in Tennessee in December 2013 and sold in Canada in January 2020 would contribute to 2020 US GDP in the net exports (X-M) section because the US made it and sold to another country. A used Toyota Camry built in Japan in 2007 and sold in the US in December 2020 doesn't add to the US 2020 GDP because GDP considers the production of new goods and services only. The car was initially accounted for the year it was first sold. A new Toyota Camry built in Tennessee in December 2013 and sold in North Carolina in June of 2020 wouldn't count towards US GDP in 2020 because it was initially included in the GDP in 2013, the year it was first produced and sold. A used Toyota Camry bought by a used car dealership for $5000 and sold for $6000 in 2020 would not contribute to 2020 US GDP. Only the value-added services associated with the resale of the car could be included in the GDP.Learn more about US GDP Contribution here:
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Esquire Corp. uses the periodic inventory system. During its first year of operations, Esquire made the following purchases (list in chronological order of acquisition):
• 20 units at $50
• 35 units at $40
• 85 units at $30
Sales for the year totaled 135 units, leaving 5 units on hand at the end of the year.
Ending inventory using the LIFO method is
A. $150
B. $177
C. $250
D. $1,540
Answer:
C. $250
Explanation:
The LIFO stands for Last in first out. It means the last units are first sold and the remaining units are later sold
We know that
Sales for the year = 135 units
Closing inventory = 5 units
The 135 units is sold from 85 units at $30 and 35 units at $40 and 15 units at $50
So, for 5 units, the closing inventory would be
= 5 units × $50
= $250
f. Purchased a flat-screen TV for Smith's home. g. Paid Smith a cash dividend of $4,000. h. Purchased office supplies on account for $1,200. i. Borrowed $62,000 from the bank for use in the business. j. Received $12,000 cash and issued stock to a stockholder.
Answer:
Seeing the problem we have, it's understood we have to pass journal entries.
Explanation:
In the books of Smith Ltd.
(f) Drawings A/C Dr.
To Purchases A/C
(TV purchased for Smith's personal use, assuming it as a credit purchase)
(g) Dividends payable A/C Dr. $ 4,000
To Cash A/C $ 4,000
(Cash dividend paid to Smith)
(h) Purchases A/C Dr. $ 1,200
To Creditor's A/C $ 1,200
(Office supplies purchased on account i.e. on credit)
(i) Bank A/C Dr. $ 62,000
To Bank loan A/C $ 62,000
(Bank borrowings made for use in the business)
(j) Bank A/C Dr. $ 12,000
To share application and allotment A/C $ 12,000
(Shares issued to a stockholder)
Total $ 79,200 $ 79,200
A company issuing stock expects to provide a rate of return through dividends or capital gains. Dividends are direct cash payments while capital gains are profits earned from selling an asset at a higher price than it was bought. Business transactions, such as issuing stock and paying dividends, are key in financial management.
Understanding Capital Gains and Dividends
When a company issues stock, it acknowledges the expectation from investors to earn a rate of return. This return can manifest as either a dividend or a capital gain. A dividend is a direct cash payment to shareholders, representing a share of the company's earnings. In contrast, a capital gain occurs when an investor purchases an asset—like a stock— and then sells it at a higher price than the purchase price.
For example, an investor might buy Wal-Mart stock at $45 and sell it later for $60. The $15 difference between the selling price and the buying price is the capital gain. This concept is fundamental in understanding the value increase of assets over time and the potential returns on investment.
Transactions involving personal assets or expenses, such as purchasing a flat-screen TV for personal use, do not directly affect the company's financial statements. However, activities like issuing stock, paying dividends, acquiring assets on account, or borrowing from the bank are essential in business accounting and financial decision-making.
Mr. and Mrs. Underhill operate a hardware store in a jurisdiction that levies both a sales tax on retail sales of tangible personalty and an annual personal property tax on business tangibles. The personal property tax is based on book value as of December 31. This year, Mr. and Mrs. Underhill purchased $840,000 of inventory for their store.
(a) Are Mr. and Mrs. Underhill required to pay sales tax on the purchase of the inventory?
(b) How can Mr. and Mrs. Underhill minimize their personal property tax by controlling the timing of their inventory purchases?
Answer:
Sales Tax:
Sales tax is levied only on retail sales. Since the inventory is purchased by Mr. & Mrs. CS for their store, it will not qualify to be a retail sale. Property tax is calculated on the property. In our question, property tax will be calculated on the book value as on 31st December.
Step-I: Solution to the problem where sale is not a retail sale:
No, Mr. and Mrs. CS are not required to pay any sales tax on the purchase of inventory, since it is purchased for store and not qualifies to be a retail sale.
Step-II: Property Lax liability on Inventory:
Now, Mr. and Mrs. CS will be required to pay property tax on the book value of inventory left on 31st December. They can minimize their property tax liability by adjusting the time of their purchases. If they could have purchased the inventory in January, then the inventory could have been sold throughout the year and the book value of the stock left as on 31st December would have been lesser. Thus, the amount of tax would also be lesser
Why would a free market never operate at a quantity greater than the equilibrium quantity? Hint: What would be required for a transaction to occur at that quantity?
Answer:
This is because in a free market, the prices of goods and services are determined by market forces, and the price mechanism will always keep the market at equilibrium.
Explanation:
The free market is a market without government intervention, equilibrium price and quantity are determined by the interaction of the market forces, also called price mechanism , which Adams Smith referred to as the invisible hands in the market.
The free market cannot operate outside the equilibrium because, the market forces will always keep the market towards equilibrium. Even if equilibrium is distorted, as a result of any shock, the market forces will bring the market towards equilibrium all things being equal, except there is market failure.
a free market is a market in which prices of goods and services are set by demand and supply and are allowed to reach their point of equilibrium without government intervention
If you were Marshall, what types of concerns would you want to be sure to bring up with the accountant?
Answer:
If I would be a Marshal, I would like succeeding apprehensions should to be indisputable with accountant.
Recognize the environment- accountant must appreciate the industry, responsibility or the organization in very clear style. He should clearly recognize and go with the administrative goals. Communication capability- Accountant must have resilient communication capability to talk with other individual and to make him recognize about any request of that individual. Flexibility- as the rules and policies are changes time to time, accountant must flexible enough to accept the changes easily. Strong Ethics- moreover the applied ethics, accountant should also have durable moral ethics. He should have durable confidence. Furthermore he should confirm to keep personal information secure. Precise and Detailed evidence- the accounts organized by accountant must be precise and very clear. It also should be thorough. Proper foot notes should be stated in financial statements. Inspiration- account must have competence of rational thinking to come up with fresh clarifications for given problems. Trustworthiness- the accountant should be dependability. He knows the secrets of the responsibility. So he should not to reveal these secrets to anyone without prior specialist.
The concerns Marshall should bring up with the accountant include the accuracy and completeness of financial statements, analysis and interpretation of financial data, and tax planning and compliance.
Explanation:If I were Marshall, there are a few concerns I would want to bring up with the accountant:
The accuracy and completeness of the financial statements. I would want to make sure that all the transactions and financial information have been properly recorded and that the statements present a true and fair view of the company's financial position.The analysis and interpretation of the financial data. I would want to understand the trends and patterns in the company's financial performance, identify any areas of concern or improvement, and make data-driven decisions to drive the company's success.Tax planning and compliance. I would want to ensure that the company is maximizing its tax savings opportunities and complying with all applicable tax laws and regulations.By addressing these concerns with the accountant, Marshall can ensure the financial health and success of the company.
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Moss and Barber organize a partnership on January 1. Moss’s initial net investment is $75,000, consisting of cash ($17,500), equipment ($82,500), and a note payable reflecting a bank loan for the new business ($25,000). Barber’s initial investment is cash of $31,250.
Prepare journal entries to record
(1) Moss’s investment and
(2) Barber’s investment.
Answer:
journal entries are as given below
Explanation:
solution
journal entries are as
first we get here investment by Moss
date account title debit credit
January 01 cash $17500
equipment $82500
note payable $25000
Angela Moss capital $75000
and now we get investment by barber
date account title debit credit
January 01 cash $31250
autumn barber capital $31250
Final answer:
Journal entries are made to record Moss's cash and equipment investment, accounting for a note payable, and Barber's cash investment, crediting each partner's capital account in the new partnership.
Explanation:
To record the investments of Moss and Barber in the partnership, journal entries are necessary to reflect each partner's contribution to the business. The following are the journal entries required:
Moss's investment:
Debit Cash $17,500Debit Equipment $82,500Credit Notes Payable $25,000Credit Moss's Capital $75,000Barber's investment:
Debit Cash $31,250Credit Barber's Capital $31,250These journal entries accurately reflect the cash, equipment, and note payable brought in by Moss and the cash investment by Barber, thereby establishing their respective capital accounts in the partnership.
Your friend Sam has been asked to prepare appetizers for a university reception during homecoming weekend. She has an unlimited amount of ingredients but only six hours to prepare them. Sam can make 300 mini-sandwiches or 150 servings of melon slices topped with smoked salmon and a dab of sauce per hour. Draw Sam's production posiibilities frontier.
Answer:
Downward sloping curve with 300 intercept on mini sandwich axis, 150 intercept on melon spices
Explanation:
PPC reflects production combinations (2 goods), which can be produced given same resources & technology. It is downward sloping because of inverse relationship between two goods, one good increase leads to other good decrease - given same resources & technology.
In this case, it is with analogous factors : production possibilities with respect to unlimited ingredients (resources), limited time. Although resources are given to be unlimited, PPC is likely to be downward sloping : because of inverse relationship between goods - based on time constraint (one good increase will withdraw time from other good & reduce it).
The PPC intercept on X & Y axis represents the maximum amount of that axis good, which can be produced. So: it has 300 intercept on mini sandwich axis, 150 intercept on melon spice axis.
The slope & shape of PPC depends on Marginal Opportunity Cost, which depends on relative efficiency of resources in two goods.
Resources equally efficient - Constant Good Sacrifise Ratio i.e MOC - PPC straight line. Resources unequally efficient - Increasing Sacrifise Ratio (from efficient to inefficient good) i.e MOC rising - PPC Concave. Increasing Sacrifise Ratio (from inefficient resources to efficient resources) i.e MOC falling - PPC Convex.
If MOC between mini sandwiches & melon spices is constant, PPC is straight line . If MOC between them is rising, PPC is concave. If MOC between them is falling, PPC is convex.
Sam's Production Possibilities Frontier can be graphed by plotting the amount of mini-sandwiches (300 per hour) and servings of melon slices (150 per hour) she can make in the 6-hour period. The graph will illustrate the various combinations of these two appetizers Sam can make with her limited time.
Explanation:The task involves deriving Sam's Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF), a graphical representation showing the maximum number of different combinations of goods/services that can be produced in a fixed amount of time with a given number of resources, assuming all resources are fully utilized.
In this case, Sam can either prepare mini-sandwiches or melon slices topped with smoked salmon. She has a finite amount of time -6 hours, but the ingredients are unlimited. Sam can make 300 mini-sandwiches or 150 servings of melon slices per hour.
Plotting these on a graph, where the x-axis represents the amount of mini-sandwiches and the y-axis represents the servings of melon slices, will yield Sam's PPF. The points moving from the origin to the upper-right indication a combination of sandwiches and melon servings Sam can produce in 6 hours.
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Imagination Museum is holding nominations for its board of directors. It is the first time that over half of the positions are vacant, due to either retirements or term expirations. The new CEO wants to be sure that the board is representative of the community, as well as the patrons who attend most of the events. ,Which of the following considerations are important for a good board?a. racial balance b. financial balance c. religious/cultural balance d. educational attainment balance e. gender balance
Answer:
Gender Balance
Explanation:
Since, it helps in maintaining the culture with exchange of the ideas and views at the same time respecting other set of thoughts for the board development. It is also a sign of neutrality that gives positive impact. Lastly, representation for the community need to be fulfilled with all sets of the individuals in terms of gender for a healthy and amicable atmosphere
For each of the following costs incurred in a manufacturing firm, indicate whether the costs are most likely fixed (F) or variable whether they are most likely period costs (P) or product costs (M) under full absorption costing: Fixed (F) Variable (V) Period (P) Product (M) Cost Item a. Depreciation on the building for administrative staff offices. b. Cafeteria costs for the factory c. Overtime pay for assembly workers. d. Transportation-in costs on materials purchased e. Salaries of top executives in the company. f. Sales commissions for sales personnel g. Assembly line workers' wages h. Controller's office rental. i. Administrative support for sales supervisors j Energy to run machines producing units of output in the factory. Reterences eRook & Resources
Answer:
a. Depreciation on the building for administrative staff offices. (F) (P)
b. Cafeteria costs for the factory. (F) (M)
c. Overtime pay for assembly workers. (V) (M)
d. Transportation-in costs on materials purchased (V) (M)
e. Salaries of top executives in the company. (F) (P)
f. Sales commissions for sales personnel (V) (P)
g. Assembly line workers' wages (V) (M)
h. Controller's office rental. (F) (P)
i. Administrative support for sales supervisors (F) (P)
j Energy to run machines producing units of output in the factory. (V) (M)
Explanation:
Fixed Cost (F): Fixed cost is cost which is fixed and does not vary on the basis of production.
Variable Cost (V): Variable cost is cost which is not fixed and varies on the basis of production i.e. with the change in production, it also changes.
Product Cost (M): Product cost is a direct cost which is attributable directly in the creation of the product such as Direct Material, Direct Labour, etc.
Period Cost (P): A period cost is associated with the passage of time and is not included in the product cost, and is treated as an expense.
In manufacturing, certain costs are fixed and others vary with production levels. These can further be classified as period or product costs. Examples include executive salaries (fixed, period), assembly line wages (variable, product), and energy costs (variable, product).
Explanation:For a manufacturing firm, costs can be classified in different categories: Fixed (F) or Variable (V), Period (P) or Product (M) costs.
Depreciation on the building for administrative staff offices: Fixed (F), Period (P) Cafeteria costs for the factory: Variable (V), Product (M) Overtime pay for assembly workers: Variable (V), Product (M) Transportation-in costs on materials purchased: Variable (V), Product (M) Salaries of top executives in the company: Fixed (F), Period (P) Sales commissions for sales personnel: Variable (V), Period (P) Assembly line workers' wages: Variable (V), Product (M) Controller's office rental: Fixed (F), Period (P) Administrative support for sales supervisors: Fixed (F), Period (P) Energy to run machines producing units of output in the factory: Variable (V), Product (M) Learn more about Cost Classification here:https://brainly.com/question/33447487
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Assume you own more than one business. The financial records are prepared separately for each business. The records are also separate and distinct from your personal finances. This methodology relies on the going concern concept. (If false, identify error and correct.)
a. True.
b. False.
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "B": False.
Explanation:
The Accounting Entity principle states that the transactions of a business must be recorded separately from the personal transactions of the owners or other businesses. This principle relies on the fact that businesses are recognized as separate economic units.
Thus:
Assume you own more than one business. The financial records are prepared separately for each business. The records are also separate and distinct from your personal finances. This methodology relies on the Accounting Entity principle.
Jack has $60 to spend on lunch each week. He eats either at the Taco Hut, which costs $10, or the Pizza Shack, which costs $12. Which of the following combinations is on Jack’s budget line?
Final answer:
Jack can either make 6 visits to Taco Hut and 0 visits to Pizza Shack, or 5 visits to Pizza Shack and 0 visits to Taco Hut.
Explanation:
Jack has $60 to spend on lunch each week. He eats either at the Taco Hut, which costs $10, or the Pizza Shack, which costs $12. To find which combinations are on Jack's budget line, we can divide his total budget by the cost of each option.
If Jack spends all his money on Taco Hut ($60 / $10 = 6), he can eat there 6 times a week. If he spends all his money on Pizza Shack ($60 / $12 = 5), he can eat there 5 times a week.
So, the combinations on Jack's budget line are: 6 visits to Taco Hut and 0 visits to Pizza Shack, or 5 visits to Pizza Shack and 0 visits to Taco Hut.
What is the consequence of a firm in a competitive market selling a homogenous product?
a. The firms capture some market power.
b. The product sold by one firm is a perfect substitute for the products sold by other firms in the same industry.
c. All the firms in the industry are the same size.
d. The product sold by one firm is a perfect complement for the products sold by other firms in the industry.
e. Firms in the industry can produce the same product with a different quantity of inputs.
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "B": The product sold by one firm is a perfect substitute for the products sold by other firms in the same industry.
Explanation:
Homogeneous products are those that cannot be differentiated one from another because they have similar features and satisfy the same need. They could even be sold at the same or nearly the same price. Under this scenario, these products are perfect substitutes from one another. Consumers will not be affected if one of the manufacturers decides to stop operations.
Custer County is considering raising revenues by imposing a $25 fee on couples who obtain a marriage license within the county.
Does this fee meet the definition of a transaction-based tax?
Answer:
The payment serves as a fee for the service rendered by government. It is slightly different from a transaction-based tax due to the fact that a private party and the jurisdiction are involved in a transaction instead of the normal operation in a market transaction that occurs between two or more private parties. This also gives the payer a certain opportunity which is the right to get married under law.
Explanation:
The payment serves as a fee for the service rendered by the government. It is slightly different from a transaction-based tax due to the fact that a private party and the jurisdiction are involved in a transaction instead of the normal operation in a market transaction that occurs between two or more private parties. This also gives the payer a certain opportunity which is the right to get married under the law.
On December 1, Year 1, Axel Financial purchased $50,000 of bonds issued by Lamb Company at face value. The bonds mature in ten years. Axel’s intent was to sell the bonds soon to earn a profit on any short-term price fluctuations. The fair value of those bonds decreased by $5,000 to $45,000 on December 31, Year 1. Which of the following statements are correct with regards to this investment?
The bonds should be reported among current assets in the balance sheet at December 31, Year 1.
The bonds should be reported among current assets in the balance sheet at December 31, Year 1.
At December 31, Year 1, the $5,000 decrease in fair value should be ignored.
At December 31, Year 1, the $5,000 decrease in fair value should be ignored.
The bonds should be reported at their fair value of $45,000 in the balance sheet at December 31, Year 1.
The bonds should be reported at their fair value of $45,000 in the balance sheet at December 31, Year 1.
An unrealized holding gain in the amount of $5,000 should be included in net income in the income statement prepared for Year 1.
Answer:
Explanation:
Answer - Bonds should be The bonds should be reported among current assets in the balance sheet at December 31, Year 1; reported at their fair value of $45,000 in the balance sheet
Bonds are purchased at $50000. Intent was to sell the bonds soon to earn a profit on any short-term price fluctuations. The fair value of those bonds decreased by $5,000 to $45,000. It should be reported as current asset, because it is an investment made and also it is sold in short time making it current asset.
But in the balance sheet it should be reported at the fair value $45000
Answer:
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
Explanation:
1.The first statement is True because the intention of Axel is to sell the financial asset soon to earn short term gain which qualifies as a current asset.
2.The change in fair value of the financial asset should not be ignored as per fair value method.
3.The Financial asset of Bonds should be reported at fair value which is $45000 in the Balance Sheet according to Fair Value Method
4.There is a loss of $5000 in the fair value of the financial asset. The gain or loss are not included in the Net Income until it is realized.
Johna's Plant Nursery Company pays the salaries of its two employees. How will this transaction affect the accounting equation? Select all that apply.
Expenses will be decreased.Equity will be increased.Equity will be decreased.Salaries expense will be increased.
Answer:
Equity will be decreased.
Salaries expense will be increased.
Explanation:
As paid salaries are an expense, the total amount of salaries expense will certainly increase (no matter if it is paid or not). Since salaries expense is not a balance sheet item, it has to be represented through an item in it. Equity will be decreased through the decrease of retained earnings (equity item), which is the result of increased expenses.
The salary paid to the employees has been the increase in the expense of the company. Thus, option D is correct.
Johna's Plant Nursery has been the company that has been operated commercially with the profit.
The end of the month accounting equation has been the given as the sum of the equity and the shareholder liabilities.
Salary expense in accounting equationThe salary expense has been the not included in the balance sheet of the company.
The salary paid to the employees has been the increase in the expense of the company. Thus, option D is correct.
It has not been paid from the equity of the shareholders, thus there have been no change in the equity of the shareholders.
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The name of the Nobel prize-winning economist who argued against the Tragedy of the Commons thesis is ________.There is a short reading about this person in the Unit 4. Know it well, especially what she identifies as the critical component in the sustainable management of natural resources. Is it nationalization, privatization or something else?
Answer:
1) The correct word for the blank space is: Elinor Ostrom.
2) The correct answer is: Sharing common resources.
Explanation:
1 )Elinor Ostrom was born in Los Angeles, California -the U.S., on August 7th, 1933. Ostrom was an American politician who won the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2009 shared with Oliver E. Williamson (born in 1932) for her "analysis of economic governance, especially the commons".
2) Ostrom disagreed with the idea that central government management or the rights to private property are the only way to avoid the "Tragedy of the commons". After her research, Ostrom concluded that when individuals use natural resources jointly, along the time rules on how resources must be taken care of and used are established economically and sustainably.
The PMO is used to maintain and provide a cadre of skilled and trained project professionals as needed under the:
A) Control tower model.
B) Cadre model.
C) Weather station model.
D) Resource pool model
Answer:
D) Resource pool model
Explanation:
The Resource Pool is a set available to define project tasks. The resource pool can be assigned to only one project or task, or can be shared by several projects. A resource may be part of a separate resource list for multiple projects, or a single resource can be part of a common resource pool. Automation of project management facilitates the creation and use of resource pools. The project management software allows you to create custom project documentation for resource information that facilitates data and task management. The Resource Pool allows you to schedule sources for multiple projects. Because the information is integrated and accessible to all users, you can quickly identify contradictions between the tasks of an employee in different projects and see how their time is devoted to each project.
Classify each statement as true or false by dragging it into the corresponding category.
- When two countries choose to partake in international trade, it is a mutually beneficial activity for both countries.
-Through specialization and trade, it is possible for a country to consume a combination of goods that is beyond its original production possibilities frontier.
-Wealthier countries always benefit more from international trade than poorer countries do
- Countries trade for goods in which they do not have a comparative advantage, and therefore, would never trade with nations that have similar resource endowments.
Through specialization and trade, it is possible for a country to consume a combination of goods that is beyond its original production possibilities frontier - is a TRUE statement as import facilities make it possible to have goods from any part of the world.
Wealthier countries always benefit more from international trade than poorer countries do - is a FALSE statement as the benefit depends on the profitability of the trade.
Countries trade for goods in which they do not have a comparative advantage, and therefore, would never trade with nations that have similar resource endowments - is a FALSE statement as countries actually choose to trade in commodities that dispense comparative advantage so as to gain more profits.
When products are completed:
Multiple Choice:
1. Finished Goods Inventory is credited.
2. Work in Process Inventory is credited.
3. Cost of Goods Sold is debited.
4. Work in Process Inventory is debited.
Option(2) When products are completed, Work in Process Inventory is credited to indicate that products have moved from being in production to being finished goods, reflecting a transition in inventory stages.
When products are completed and ready to move out of production, the accounting department needs to reflect this in the company's financial records. The correct handling of these transactions involves an adjustment to inventory accounts. Specifically, when products are completed, Work in Process Inventory is credited to reflect the decrease due to the transfer of costs from Work in Process to Finished Goods. This means that the value of the goods that were in the process of being manufactured is now transferred to Finished Goods, as they are ready for sale. Accordingly, Finished Goods Inventory is debited to reflect the increase in inventory that is ready for sale.
Therefore, when products are completed:
Finished Goods Inventory is debited.
Work in Process Inventory is credited.
Cost of Goods Sold is not debited until the goods are actually sold.
Work in Process Inventory is not debited but credited.
The merchandise balance and current account balance, as well as the general accounting for Gross Domestic Product (GDP), can be affected by how inventory valuations and changes are recorded.
When production finishes, Work in Process Inventory is credited, and Finished Goods Inventory is debited. This reflects the transfer of costs from incomplete to complete inventory, ready for sale. Cost of Goods Sold is not affected until the sale of the finished goods.
When products are completed and moved from production to inventory, this entails a transfer from one accounting category to another. As production concludes, the cost associated with the Work in Process Inventory (WIP) decreases because the goods are no longer in process; they're finished. Consequently, the WIP is credited because the costs to produce the goods are transferred out of WIP. This action completes the production accounting phase and prepares for the goods' costs accounting when they are sold. At the same time, the Finished Goods Inventory is debited, reflecting the addition of the newly completed goods ready for sale. The Cost of Goods Sold account is not affected until the finished goods are actually sold. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 4.
Suppose XYZ stock pays no dividends and has a current price of $50. The forward price for delivery in 1 year is $55. Suppose the 1 year effective annual interest rate is 10%. (a) Graph the payoff and profit diagrams for a forward contract on XYZ stock with a forward price of $55. (b) Is there any advantage to investing in the stock or the forward contract? Why? (c) Suppose XYZ paid a dividend of $2 per year and everything else stayed the same. Now is there any advantage to investing in the stock or the forward contract? Why?
From the perspective of a general manager in your field, which of the organizational control methods outlined in Chapter 19 of the Management textbook do you think would be the most universal? What does organizational control look like in your sphere of influence?
Answer and Explanation:
Association controls is a sort of deliberate procedure which encourages administrator to manage the hierarchical exercises to make each thing adjusted and desires set up in plans, standard execution and target.
The three significant association control are feed forward, simultaneous and criticism control components.
From a head supervisor point of view the most well-known or all around acknowledged authoritative control is the ' simultaneous control'. This aides in settling issue by versatile condition, absolute quality administration a representative discretion. Simultaneous control intently screen the exercises and propose new arrangements dependent on the adjustment in necessity. This aides in making key execution pointers for all the useful office.
Received contributions of $ 10 comma 000$10,000 in exchange for common stock. a. Increase asset (Cash) ; Increase equity (Common Stock) b. Purchased equipment for $ 5 comma 000$5,000 on account.
Answer:
The answer is stated below:
Explanation:
A. Received or collected $10,000 in exchange of the common stock:
This transaction will have an impact on the Accounting Equation of the Accounts, which is :
Assets = Liabilities + Equity
As the cash is received, there will be an increase in the assets and under the cash account of the current assets. Though the cash is against the common stock, which increases the common stock account upon the side of the equity.
Therefore, it will be:
Increase in assets (Cash) : Increase in equity (Common Stock)
B. Bought the equipment on account worth $5,000.
This transaction will have an impact on the Accounting Equation as:
As the equipment is purchased will in turn lead to increase in the assets side, under the equipment account and it is purchased on account, which means on credit, that leads to increase in the liability under the Accounts Payable account.
Therefore, it will be:
Increase in assets (Equipment) : Increase in Liability (Accounts Payable)
__________ can seek investment from social venture capitalists known as impact-investment funds.
Answer:
The correct word for the blank space is: social venture capitalist.
Explanation:
Social venture capitalists are investments entrepreneurs get into to generate profit trough an organization while achieving a social impact at the same time. This is typically done as a way to create social awareness on protecting the environment around businesses since most of them harm the atmosphere without taking care of the consequences in the future.
Which of the following basic elements of financial statements is more associated with the balance sheet than the income statement? a. equityb. revenuec. gainsd. expenses
Answer:
a. equity
Explanation:
A balance sheet is one of the main financial statements of a company. It is used to determine the financial position of a business at a particular point in time. The items in the balance sheet include current assets, fixed assets, current liabilities , long term liabilities and shareholders' equity. The total assets should be equal to the sum of total liabilities and shareholders' equity. Among the choices, only equity is an item included in the balance sheet.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Use the following information to calculate the sales price of a boat under both GAAP and for internal decision purposes:
Number of boats to be sold 500
Upstream costs $5,000,000
Direct materials per boat $50,000
Direct labor per boat $30,000
Overhead per boat $ 20,000
Downstream costs $2,000,000
(1). Assume the company wants to sell each boat for 20% more than the cost to produce the boat. Which of the following would be the sales price under GAAP and for internal decision purposes?
GAAP Internal Decision
(A) $120,000 $136,800
(B) $ 136,800 $136,800
(C) $ 120,000 $114,000
(D)) $136,800 $ 114,000
Answer:
(A) $120,000 ; $136,800
Explanation:
The computation is shown below:
The sales price under GAAP would be
= (Direct materials per boat + Direct labor per boat + Overhead per boat) + (Markup percentage of total cost)
= ($50,000 + $30,000 + $20,000) + 20% × $100,000
= $100,000 + $20,000
= $120,000
The sales price under Internal decision purposes would be
= (Direct materials per boat + Direct labor per boat + Overhead per boat + Upstream costs per boat + downstream cost per boat ) + (Markup percentage of total cost)
= ($50,000 + $30,000 + $20,000 + $10,000 + $4,000) + 20% × $114,000
= $114,000 + $22,800
= $136,800
The upstream per boat would be
= $5,000,000 ÷ 500
= $10,000
And, the downstream per boar
= $2,000,000 ÷ 500
= $4,000