The early Muslim caliphates introduced Arabic numerals for easier mathematical calculations, invented algebra and trigonometry, and used mathematics in navigation and religious practices.
The early Muslim caliphates achieved several mathematical innovations during what is known as the Islamic Golden Age. One of the most notable contributions is the development of Arabic numerals, which were based on Hindu characters and provided an easier way to work with numbers compared to the Roman numerals. The Abbasids played a significant role in inventing algebra and trigonometry, further advancing these mathematical fields. The Persian mathematician Al-Khuwārizmi, a prominent figure of this era, not only influenced the word 'algorithm' but also authored the algebra treatise 'The Compendious Book on Calculation by Completion and Balancing' around 820.
Besides these mathematical achievements, the Islamic scholars applied their knowledge to geography by creating accurate maps and navigation by making use of the astrolabe. They also ingeniously utilized mathematics in religious practices, such as using trigonometry to calculate the qibla. Their advancements in numerical representation, including a precursor to the decimal point for non-whole numbers, facilitated arithmetic operations that are still relevant to modern computational methods.
Why did the U.S. military attempt to hunt down mexican revolutionary pancho villa?
a. he conducted a raid in the state of new mexico in 1916
b. he attempted to assassinate president woodrow wilson in1917
c. he invaded texas in a attempt to return it to mexico in 1913
d. he published a letter that was highly critical of the united stated during WW1
Which statement best describes the effects of the 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie?
A. The Mormons moved to the eastern shore of the Great Salt Lake.
B. Settlers began moving west in wagon trains across the Rocky Mountains.
C. Mountain Men began using the Rocky Mountains for trapping.
D. The Indians crossed artificial boundaries, setting the stage for conflict.
Answer:
The Indians crossed artificial boundaries, setting the stage for conflict.
Explanation:
In the case Marbury v. Madison, what was William Marbury's appointment?
A.
He was appointed as a federal judge.
B.
He was appointed secretary of state.
C.
He was appointed as a state judge.
D.
He was appointed to serve on the Supreme Court.
A. He was appointed as a federal judge.
Naturalization laws and regulations are
implied powers of Congress
implied powers of the president
enumerated powers of Congress
enumerated powers of the president
Naturalization laws and regulations are considered enumerated powers of Congress, as specified within the Constitution. The President does not hold these legislative powers. An example is the Immigration and Nationality Act by Congress.
Explanation:Naturalization laws and regulations are the enumerated powers of Congress. Enumerated powers are those specifically granted to Congress by the Constitution. Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution outlines the powers of Congress, which includes the authority to establish a uniform rule of Naturalization. This means, as per the Constitution, Congress alone has the power to make laws concerning the process through which immigrants become citizens, not the President. An example of this is the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) which was enacted by Congress to govern immigration and naturalization.
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A call to take part of a contest or duel?
How did the crusades accelerate change Europe
In what year did Alvarez de Pineda first come to Texas?
A.
1492
B.
1519
C.
1527
D.
1528
In the American colonies, the main effect of the English Bill of Rights was to
The English Bill of Rights moved the English people from being subjects under the rule of one king to free people with rights under the government. The Bill of Rights was the first step towards what would come to be known as the English Constitution. The bill was passed after James II abandoned the throne during the Revolution of 1688, which occurred due to his abuse of power
The correct answer is C) affirm the concept of representative government.
In the American colonies, the main effect of the English Bill of Rights was to affirm the concept of representative government.
After overthrowing King James II, William III of Orange and Mary II signed the English Bill of Rights Act that included statements on civil rights, diminished the authoritative rule of the King and granted the British Parliament power over the king of England.
The English Bill of Rights was an important influence for the framers of the United States Constitution in that affirmed the concept of representative government to never allow a tyrant to be the ruler of the country.
The other options of the question were A) encourage art, philosophy, and literature. B) reestablish the original rights of the colonies. D) establish three separate branches of government.
Which of these conclusions can be reached based on a study of the Han and Roman empires?
A. The larger an Empire becomes in area, the harder it is to control over time.
B. Large empires may last permanently as long as they possess military strength.
C. Large empires can survive hardships as long as they have lasting sources of wealth.
D. Empires fall quickly if they contain a wide variety of cultures and religions.
Correct answer choice is :
A) The larger an Empire becomes in area, the harder it is to control over time.
Explanation:
The fall of the Roman empire and the Han dynasty were related because of both qualified social change during their fall. The fall of Rome and Han China were also related because they both faced traveling attacks that greatly added to their decline. At their peaks, both states established a large portion of the world community and produced state and cultural legacies that continue to the new period related studies mainly focus on their similar scale at their towers and on similarities in their rise and decay.
The americans formed a republic, or a government in which people rule in what way
Which group did not share the prosperity of the late 1800s
List 3 examples of how Greek and Roman elements were used to affirm America's Democratic Nationalism.
why was austrian influence greater among the southern german states than among the northern ones? why was austrian influence greater among the southern german states than among the northern ones?
Austrian influence was greater among the Southern German states due to geographic proximity, religious similarities, historical ties post-Napoleonic Wars, and economic dependencies.
Austrian influence was greater among the Southern German states than the Northern ones due to several interconnected historical and geopolitical factors.
Firstly, the Southern German states like Bavaria, Baden, and Württemberg were geographically closer to Austria, which facilitated more robust political, economic, and cultural interactions. This proximity allowed Austria to maintain stronger diplomatic and military relationships with these states.
Additionally, these Southern states shared religious similarities with Austria, primarily Catholicism, which differed from the predominately Protestant Northern German states. Religious congruity strengthened political alliances and mutual support between the Southern German states and Austria.
Historical ties also played a significant role. For instance, after the Napoleonic Wars, Austria led the German Confederation, and the Southern states often looked to Austria for leadership and stability. This historical context helped solidify Austria’s influence in the South.
Lastly, economic factors cannot be overlooked. The Southern German states had significant trade and economic agreements with Austria, creating dependencies that further reinforced Austria's sway in the region.
why are the 1920s called the roaring twenties
1. Read the quote by Raphael Lemkin.
Genocide is the criminal intent to destroy or to cripple permanently a human group. The acts are directed against groups as such, and individuals are selected for destruction only because they belong to these groups.
What is most significant about this quote by Raphael Lemkin?
Raphael Lemkin’s definition was the accepted version out of many.
Raphael Lemkin’s definition was not accepted until after the Holocaust.
Raphael Lemkin spoke these words on his death bed.
Raphael Lemkin spoke these words to the United Nations in 1945.
2. On December 9, 1948, in the shadow of the Holocaust and in no small part due to the tireless efforts of Lemkin himself, the United Nations approved the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This convention establishes "genocide” as an international crime, which signatory nations “undertake to prevent and punish.” It defines genocide as:
Genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:
Killing members of the group;
Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;
Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;
Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;
Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group
Answers to #1:
Raphael Lemkin's definition of genocide was not accepted until after the Holocaust.
Raphael Lemkin had been studying the problem of mass killings of a people group since the 1920s, in regard to Turkish slaughter of Armenians in 1915. He coined the term "genocide" in 1944, in reference then also to the Holocaust. The term uses Greek language roots and means "killing of a race" of people. Lemkin served as an advisor to Justice Robert Jackson, the lead prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials. "Crimes against humanity" was the charge used at the Nuremberg trials, since no international legal definition of "genocide" had yet been accepted. Ultimately, Lemkin was able to persuade the United Nations to accept the definition of genocide and codify it into international law. In December, 1948, the United Nations adopted the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, which made use of a number of Lemkin's ideas on the subject.
#2: For item #2, you didn't ask a question, so I won't attempt to guess at what question you might have in mind. The definition as you quote it comes from Article II of the UN's Genocide Convention. Article III also indicts intention and conspiracy to commit genocide as crimes against international law. Article IV of that same Convention then puts teeth into the UN's action, saying, "Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals."
Which technological advance contributed to the growth of suburbs in the late-nineteenth century?
Correct answer:
New railroad lines.
In New York the population was growing at an accelerated pace during that time, so it was decided to build four elevated steam railways throughout Manhattan. The first line was inaugurated in 1868. This construction contributed to the growth of the suburbs.
which best describes Timbuktu
the ancient homeland of the people of Ghana
the city to the muslims make the hajj
a forming village on the Niger river west Africa
a center of Islamic learning in Africa
Answer:
A center of Islamic learning in Africa.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! :)
A center of Islamic learning in Africa best describes Timbuktu. Therefore option D is correct.
What Was Timbuktu?Timbuktu is primarily known for the renowned Djinguereber Mosque and exclusive Sankore University, both of which were founded in the early 1300s during the leadership of Mansa Musa, the most well-known emperor of the Mali Empire.
Timbuktu, which was established around the year 1100 A.D., developed fast from a temporary camp for storing salt and other items to a significant hub for caravan trade. Westbound travelers brought gold to exchange for salt from mines in the east.
After a shift in trading routes, particularly after the visit by Mansa Musa around 1325, Timbuktu flourished from the trade in salt, gold, ivory, and slaves. It gradually expanded as an important Islamic city on the Saharan trade route and attracted many scholars and traders.
Therefore option D is correct.
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In what way did the spread of Black Death effect the long term social and economic change in Europe?
Which is not a responsibility of a county government? A. Regulate local national guard B. Excite welfare programs C. Vote on taxes D. Maintain school buildings
What is the last step in the process of a house bill becoming a law?the senate has to approve it.the president has to sign it.the people have to vote on it.the legislature has to veto it.
Answer:
They send it to the 'president for his signature, then reauthorize it.
Explanation:
Yay reeee hope this helps
What does Belshazzar promise to anyone who can read the writing on the palace wall?
A.
freedom for their people
B.
a chance to drink from the Temple cups
C.
wealth and power
D.
his daughter's hand in marriage
Henry Ford's assembly-line method of production used some of the manufacturing ideas of
A.Eli Whitney
B.Benjamin Franklin
C.Michael Farady
D.Isaac Newton
Answer:
A.Eli Whitney
Explanation:
Eli Whitney was an american inventor and fabricator that invented the Cotton Gin which was basically an engine that separated the cotton from the seed, it separates cotton fiber from its seed, that was a job that was slow and had to be done manually by people, Ford used this idea to revolutionize the industry and create easier and faster ways of production of his model T.
The mechanization of the spinning process in the late 1700s led to
the steam locomotive.
a high demand for cotton.
the mechanical reaper.
a decline in the economy.
Answer:
The correct answer is "a high demand for cotton".
Explanation:
The mechanization of the spinning process in the late 1700s was a major achievement of the Industrial Revolution that had a major impact in the textile industry. As the spinning process became more efficient more textiles were produced in a short period of time. This led to a high demand for cotton, one of the raw materials of the textile industry.
What two groups were expelled from Spain and Portugal in the 1490s?
Which of the following do many consider to be the most influential factor in facilitating Mitchell Palmer's campaign to rid the United States of any radical ideology?
A.the army
B.tolerance
C.the support of Congress
D.fear
What happened in britain after roman armies abandoned the area during the 400?
Write a paragraph comparing a republic to a monarchical state. Give examples of each type of government from Renaissance Italy.
Final answer:
Comparing a republic to a monarchical state in Renaissance Italy, a republic like Florence valued humanism and individual opinions, whereas monarchical states like the Duchy of Milan centralized power in a monarch. Italian city-states contrast with the consolidated monarchies of France, Spain, and England, all contributing to Renaissance advancements in culture.
Explanation:
When comparing a republic to a monarchical state during Renaissance Italy, noteworthy contrasts emerge. A republic is characterized by a form of government where citizens have the power to elect representatives to govern on their behalf. Florence during the early 15th century is an excellent example of a republic, where humanism flourished and the views of individuals were highly respected, embodying the ideals of republicanism. In contrast, a monarchical state is governed by a single ruler, often hereditary, like the Duchy of Milan under the Sforza dynasty, which demonstrated the centralization of power in the hands of a monarch.
Renaissance Italy presents a distinctive landscape of city-states, each with its form of government, ranging from republics like Florence and Venice to monarchical states like Naples and Milan. This contrasts sharply with the more centralized monarchical powers seen in France, Spain, and England. While Italian city-states often practiced patronage and governed through a balance of powerful families and civic institutions, the monarchies in France, Spain, and England led with a more absolutist approach, personified by figures like Louis XI of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon. Nevertheless, both systems contributed significantly to the advancement of new Renaissance ideas and perspectives, leaving an indelible mark on literature, fine art, and architecture.
In Renaissance Italy, Florence was a prime example of a republic with its government based on individual opinions. On the other hand, monarchies were prevalent in other parts of Italy, like the Kingdom of Naples.
Physical changes produce new substances. t f
What three things does DuBois state are the goals of Washington's agenda for the black people?
THIS ONE - political power, civil rights, higher education enfranchisement, legal status, institutional aid
OR THIS ONE - industrial education, accumulation of wealth, conciliation of the South
peace, happiness, prosperity
Du Bois critiqued Washington's goals by emphasizing the need for higher education, political and civil rights, in contrast to Washington's focus on industrial education, wealth accumulation, and conciliation of the South.
Explanation:The three goals W.E.B. Du Bois stated as part of Booker T. Washington's agenda for black people were: industrial education, accumulation of wealth, and conciliation of the South. However, it is important to note that Du Bois had substantial disagreements with Washington's approach, particularly with the lack of emphasis on civil and political rights, which Du Bois ardently advocated for. Du Bois's educational philosophy emphasized the importance of higher education and political and civil rights as a cornerstone for achieving racial equality. He also talked about the right to vote, civic equality, and education according to ability for African Americans, as well as the idea of developing a leadership cadre through a liberal arts education which he coined as "the Talented Tenth." This contrasted with Washington's focus on vocational training and practical education as a path to economic improvement for black people.
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What did most Americans understand before their country entered World War I?
A) that the war would not last long
B) that the war would cost American lives
C) that the war would help the US economy
D) that the war could be won by the US alone
B) That the war would cost American lives