The enzyme responsible for unzipping the DNA double helix is DNA helicase.
What is DNA?It stands for deoxyribonucleic acid and is a genetic material.It is a long chain of polynucleotide.Each nucleotide consists of: deoxyribose sugar (carbon-containing compound), phosphate group and nitrogenous bases (nitrogen-containing compound).Nitrogenous bases is of two types: Purines (consisting Adenine and Guanine) and Pyrimidine (consisting Cytosine and Thymine).It is a double helical structure in which Adenine pairs with Thymine by forming two hydrogen bonds whereas Guanine pairs with Cytosine by forming three hydrogen bonds.In order to start replication this DNA helix should be unwind. This is done with the help of enzyme DNA helicase.What is DNA helicase?"It is a class of enzymes that catalyze the separation of duplex nucleic acids into single strands in an ATP-dependent reaction."Hence, the enzyme used for unzipping DNA double helix is DNA helicase.
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In humans, _____ seem to have the ability to block the formation of cancerous tumors.
which structural feature of the cell membrane allows molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide to diffuse into and out of the cell?
A. The cell membrane contains proteins molecules
B. The cell membrane contains cholesterol molecules.
C. The cell membrane is made up of two layers of phospholipids
D. The cell membrane is anchored to the cytoplasm by the cytoskeleton
Answer:it’s C
Explanation:
List the major macro organic compounds found in living cells
Explain why complementary base pairing is necessary to maintain the double helix shape of the dna molecule.
Final answer:
Complementary base pairing ensures the double helix structure of DNA has a uniform width and consistent separations between strands, which is vital for DNA replication and the integrity of genetic information.
Explanation:
Complementary base pairing is crucial for the double helix structure of DNA because it ensures uniform width and appropriate spacing between the DNA strands. DNA consists of two long chains of nucleotides composed of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. These chains run in opposite directions, an arrangement known as antiparallel. According to Chargaff's rules, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).
The binding of A to T and G to C is specific because they form hydrogen bonds with each other at consistent distances. Adenine and thymine pair through two hydrogen bonds, while guanine and cytosine pair through three. This complementary base pairing allows for a consistent structural pattern that is both stable and robust. As a result, the DNA retains its shape, which is critical for DNA replication and the transmission of genetic information.
A pyrimidine (C or T) pairs with a purine (A or G) so the helix has a consistent diameter throughout its length. This pairing prevents distortions in the helix that would occur if two purines were to pair or two pyrimidines were to pair. The double helix, therefore, is like a spiral staircase, where each step is a uniform size and shape, creating the familiar shape of the DNA molecule.
Carrie has been reducing her body fat and has lost a considerable amount. you caution her that normal physiological functions could be seriously impaired if her percent body fat falls below ____.
Teratogens are more likely to cause ______ damage during the embryonic stage and _____ damage during the fetal stage.
Final answer:
Teratogens are agents that can cause developmental harm to pregnancy, with structural damage more likely during the embryonic stage and functional damage during the fetal stage due to the nature of development in each phase.
Explanation:
Teratogens are more likely to cause structural damage during the embryonic stage and functional damage during the fetal stage. During the embryonic stage, which is from the 3rd to the 8th week after fertilization, the basic structures of the body are forming. This period is critical because the rapidly dividing cells are laying down the foundation for all major organ systems, making the embryo exceptionally vulnerable to teratogens. Structural abnormalities in organs and limbs can result if development is disrupted during this stage.
During the fetal stage, extending from the 9th week of pregnancy until birth, development is focused more on the growth and maturation of systems established during the embryonic phase. Exposure to teratogens during the fetal stage is more likely to affect the functioning of these systems rather than causing gross structural changes. Issues such as learning disabilities, sensory deficits, and minor functional abnormalities are more common outcomes of exposure during this later phase.
Proteins that are involved in packaging the eukaryotic chromosome into "beads" called __________ are __________.
How did agre use simple osmosis experiment to prove the function of aquaporin?
Agre verified his hypothesis in anexperiment where he associated cells which includes the protein with cells that did not have it. When the cells were placed inside a water solution, those that had the protein inside their membranes absorbed water by osmosis and increased up. Those that lacked the protein were unaffected. He also conducted trials with artificial cells called liposomes, which are a type of soap bubble surrounded by water on its extremities and also inside. He figured out that the liposomes became permeable to water if the protein was planted inside their membranes.
The end of the muscle that typically moves when a muscle contracts is called the ________.
Which are examples of habitat destruction? Check all that apply.
The ions in highest concentration in the intracellular fluid are
The ions in highest concentration in the intracellular fluid are potassium ions (K+) and Protein anions (Pr-). They are in high concentration due to the cellular mechanisms involving ATP, a form of cellular energy.
Explanation:The ions in highest concentration in the intracellular fluid are potassium ions (K+) and Protein anions (Pr-). The inside of cells, known as the intracellular fluid, contains high concentrations of potassium and protein anions due to the active transport mechanisms of the cell's membrane. Active transport mechanisms utilize ATP, a form of cellular energy, to move these ions against their concentration gradients, resulting in their abundance within the intracellular fluid.
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When a person is dehydrated, his or her iv fluids?
When an individual is dehydrated, his or her intravenous fluids should be isotonic, because either a hypertonic or hypotonic IV would both cause damage to the individual’s red blood cells. Isotonic solutions are used: to increase the EXTRACELLULAR fluid volume because of blood loss, surgery, dehydration, fluid loss that has been loss extracellularly.
When a dehydrated person needs IV fluids, they are given a solution of saline or electrolyte solution to rehydrate the body and restore fluid balance.
Explanation:
When a dehydrated human patient needs to be given fluids intravenously, they are given a solution of saline or electrolyte solution. This helps to rehydrate the body and restore the balance of fluids and electrolytes. These IV fluids can also contain glucose or other vitamins and minerals, depending on the specific needs of the patient.
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Where does the water in lakes come from? Select the three correct answers.
A: Ocean waves
B: Melting snow
C: Underground reservoirs
D: Surface-water runoff from rain
Lakes primarily receive water from melting snow, underground reservoirs (aquifers), and surface-water runoff from rain.
Explanation:The water in lakes primarily comes from three sources: melting snow, underground reservoirs such as aquifers, and surface-water runoff from rain. When snow melts, the resulting water flows down into rivers and lakes. Underground reservoirs or aquifers release water through springs, which can then feed into lake systems. Surface runoff occurs when rainwater flows over the land and accumulates in lakes and rivers. However, ocean waves (A) are not a direct source for the water in lakes.
What are the main effects of humans settlement in the great plains?
The nurse cares for the client having a left total hip arthroplasty. in which position does the nurse place the client after surgery?
After a left total hip arthroplasty, the patient should be positioned with the hip in a neutral, slightly abducted position, with a pillow or specialized device between the legs to maintain this position and ensure the stability of the new joint.
Explanation:The nurse caring for a client who has undergone a left total hip arthroplasty should place the client in a position that prevents dislocation of the new prosthesis and promotes proper healing. After surgery, it's typically recommended to position the client with the hip in a neutral, slightly abducted position (not crossing the midline of the body or turning inward) and with a pillow or a specialized device between the legs to maintain this position.
The hip joint operates as a ball-and-socket mechanism and, after arthroplasty, stability is paramount for recovery. Careful positioning aids in avoiding stress on the joint, ensuring the prosthesis remains correctly aligned. The surgery team, which includes the surgeon, nurse, and anesthesia professional, will review key concerns for the patient's recovery and care, with positioning being an essential component of postoperative instructions.
In the desert food web shown below, which of the following best describes the transfer of energy between the lubber grasshopper and the kangaroo rat?
A) About 90 percent of the kangaroo rat's energy transfers to the lubber grasshopper.
B) About 10 percent of the lubber grasshopper's energy transfers to the kangaroo rat.
C) About 10 percent of the kangaroo rat's energy transfers to the lubber grasshopper.
D) About 90 percent of the lubber grasshopper's energy transfers to the kangaroo rat.
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The correct option is B.
The kangaroo rat receives only about **10 percent** of the lubber grasshopper's energy in this desert food web.
In the desert food web depicted, the transfer of energy between the **lubber grasshopper** and the **kangaroo rat** follows a specific pattern. Let's break it down:
1. **Lubber Grasshopper**:
- The lubber grasshopper is a primary consumer in this food web. It feeds directly on **desert grasses**.
- As it consumes the grasses, it gains energy through the process of photosynthesis that occurred in the plants.
- However, not all of this energy is transferred to the lubber grasshopper. Due to metabolic processes and heat loss, only a fraction of the energy is retained.
2. **Kangaroo Rat**:
- The kangaroo rat is a secondary consumer. It preys on the lubber grasshopper.
- When the kangaroo rat consumes the grasshopper, it obtains some of the energy stored in the grasshopper's body.
- Again, only a portion of the grasshopper's energy is transferred to the kangaroo rat. The rest is lost as heat or used for the rat's own metabolic needs.
3. **Energy Transfer**:
- The transfer of energy from one trophic level to another (from grasses to grasshopper to kangaroo rat) is not efficient.
- Typically, only about **10 percent** of the energy moves up each trophic level in a food chain or web.
- Therefore, the correct answer is **B) About 10 percent of the lubber grasshopper's energy transfers to the kangaroo rat**.
In summary, the kangaroo rat receives a small fraction of the energy originally captured by the lubber grasshopper. This energy transfer inefficiency is a fundamental characteristic of ecosystems, and it highlights the importance of maintaining balanced food webs to sustain life in desert habitats.
When encountering other vessels in darkness or reduced visibility, what does a visible white light indicate?
Final answer:
A visible white light on a vessel in darkness or reduced visibility usually signifies the presence of another craft and helps in determining its activity and positioning, contributing to safe navigation.
Explanation:
When encountering other vessels in darkness or reduced visibility, seeing a visible white light often indicates the presence of another craft. It is important for safety reasons to understand these visual signals to prevent collisions and navigate safely. In maritime navigation, a single white light suggests different situations depending on its behavior and positioning. For example, if the white light is seen in both the bow and stern, it suggests that you are seeing the port (left) or starboard (right) side of a power-driven vessel underway. However, if only one white light is visible and it is at a high elevation and not moving, this could indicate the presence of an anchored vessel.
Visibility at sea is crucial, especially when natural light is obscured. Maritime regulations stipulate specific lighting configurations for vessels to communicate their type, activity, and relative movement to other vessels. Ascribing to these regulations aids mariners in identifying the position and behavior of nearby vessels, thereby enhancing navigation safety. In fog or other circumstances of reduced visibility, the sound signals become equally important—different sounds signal different actions, such as a vessel under power making way, a vessel at anchor, or a vessel in distress.
A virus that specifically attacks ____________ would damage the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule .
why do c4 plants keep their stomata closed on hot days
Briefly describe the cottagers living next to the creatures refuge
This theory of inheritance states that genes are located on chromosomes which undergo segregation and independent assortment.
Example: You inherit the gene for blue eyes from your mother.
Answer: The Correct Answer is : chromosome theory
Explanation:
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BIOLOGY
Our body sends electrical messages throughout our body using charged atoms. These charged atoms have either a positive or negative charge because they either gained or lost electrons. What are these charged atoms called?
Question 7 options:
a.) Ions
b.) Covalents
c.) Organic molecules
Answer: Option (a) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
When a neutral atom loses an electron then it acquires a positive charge.
For example, sodium on losing an electron become [tex]Na^{+}[/tex] ion.
On the other hand, if a neutral atom gains an electron then it acquires a negative charge.
For example, a neutral chlorine atom on gaining an electron forms [tex]Cl^{-}[/tex].
Hence, an ion is formed in both the cases.
Thus, we can conclude that in the given situation these charged atoms called ions.
Which is an example of a reversible physical change? tying shoelaces filing nails cracking an egg cutting hair description?
A reversible physical change can be undone and an example is tying shoelaces. Other changes like cracking an egg, cutting hair or filing nails are irreversible as they can't be undone.
Explanation:A reversible physical change is a type of change that is not permanent and can be undone, providing that the conditions are reversed. An example of a reversible physical change is tying shoelaces. This is a reversible physical change because you are merely changing the arrangement of the shoelaces, without altering their composition, and you can easily untie the shoelace, reverting it back to its original state. On the other hand, changes such as cracking an egg, cutting hair, or filing nails, are irreversible physical changes as they cannot be undone.
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The part of the universe on which our attention is focused is called
Hydroplaning of the ambulance on wet roads would most likely occur at speeds of greater than _____ mph
How does dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis relate to harnessing energy from food?
what is one defining feature of a prokaryotic cell
Membrane Bound Organelles, especially the nucleus which contains the genetic material and is enclosed by the nuclear envelope.
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Answer:
The two main division of the living organism are the prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The prokaryotes and eukaryotes shows the well marked different features in their structure and function.
The prokaryotice cell lacks the well developed membrane bound nucleus. The cell organelle of prokaryotic cells lacks the membrane bound organelle and the endomembrane system is absent in the prokaryotic cells. The prokaryotes contains the 70'S ribosomes and circular DNA.
When the ecf loses fluids, the kidneys and baroreceptors are stimulated to send signals to the endocrine system and certain effectors. the endocrine system releases renin, which activates angiotensin ii. what hormone is released in response to angiotensin ii activation? anp bnp aldosterone adh?
Describe events prior to the scene at the maycomb jail that show the tension and unrest of the town. be specific.
How does the extracellular matrix affect a cell that it surrounds? (select all that apply.)?