What would happen to the proton gradient and atp production after a drug has poisoned the enzyme that combines acetyl coa and oxaloacetate to form citrate? see section 9.5 ( page 201) ?

Answers

Answer 1
If the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of citrate is hindered, the production of NADH will be reduced and this will lead to a weaker proton gradient. A weaker proton gradient in turn will result in reduced production of ATP.

Related Questions

an organism that ingests food and is usually capable of locomotion

Answers

this statement is true if it is a statement

Animals are mobile multicellular organisms that consume other organisms for sustenance and exhibit a life cycle starting from an embryonic stage. They can be generalists, occupying various ecological niches, and display diverse forms and adaptations, such as wings or antennae, depending on their habitat and lifestyle.

An organism that ingests food and is usually capable of locomotion is typically referred to as an animal. These mobile multicellular organisms not only consume other organisms for food but also develop from an embryo stage, which distinguishes them from simpler life forms. Animals can be generalists, meaning they can thrive in a variety of environments and make use of different resources, such as consuming many types of food. While some animals are mainly terrestrial or aerial, they can fill diverse ecological roles such as being herbivores, predators, parasites, scavengers, or decomposers and may possess specialized appendages like wings for flying. Others are mainly aquatic; these may be predators, scavengers, or filter feeders - some even have two pairs of antennae and claws for hunting, as well as a distinct larval stage.

In contrast, an autotroph is an organism that can synthesize its own food from inorganic molecules, a process that is not exhibited by animal organisms.

When people run quickly, they can sweat profusely. Their muscles undergo movement, and the loss of energy takes place. Based on this description, in which two ways is energy conserved when people run?

Answers

The two ways by which a person can save the energy of the body is by increasing the muscular endurance and cardiovascular endurance.

Cardiovascular endurance can be defined as the ability to perform exercise at moderate level for an extended period of time. This helps to maintain the heart rate during running or exercise.

Muscular endurance can be defined as the efficiency of a muscle to sustain  repeated contractions of muscles against a resistance for a longer period of time. It provides power and strength to the muscles.


Energy is conserved when running mainly through sweat, which cools the body as it evaporates, taking heat with it. Wiping sweat away prevents this cooling process. This regulation of body temperature is important for maintaining a balanced metabolic rate.

When running, energy conservation in the body occurs in a couple of ways related to heat and sweat. As runners exercise and their muscles work, they produce heat due to an increased metabolic rate. This is a result of metabolism speeding up to supply energy for muscle contraction, leading to the production of more heat than when at rest. To cool down and maintain body temperature, our body sweats. As sweat evaporates from the skin, it takes a substantial amount of thermal energy away from the body. This cooling effect is due to the energy transition from the liquid state of sweat to the gaseous state as it evaporates, which is called latent heat of vaporization.

Wiping sweat with a towel does not provide the same cooling effect because it removes the sweat before it can evaporate and take the heat with it. In essence, the evaporation of sweat is a key way the body conserves energy by regulating temperature without losing heat through more energy-intensive processes such as panting or altering blood flow. The balance between energy intake and expenditure is essential for maintaining a healthy metabolic rate and body thermoregulation

The movement of carbon dioxide out of cells and oxygen into cells can best be explained by which process

Answers

The answer is  Diffusion.

Hope this helps!

Answer: The movement of carbon dioxide out of cells and oxygen into cells can best be explained by which process of DIFFUSION.

Explanation: Diffusion is a process by which movement of molecules, body fluids, exchange of gases takes place from the region of higher concentration to the region of lower concentration.

In the body exchange of CO2 and O2 is done in lungs by process of diffusion.

Wich class of compounds does ammonia belong

Answers

Ammonia is a hydride,(Nitrogen hydride). It is also a base and because it is a soluble base it is an alkali

Critique the statement, “The color of an object depends on the wavelengths of light it  absorbs.” Why is the statement inaccurate? How could you change the statement so it is correct?

Answers

The statement is inaccurate because color of an object is determined by the wavelengths of light it reflects, not those absorbed. Just change the statement to "The color of an object depends on the wavelengths of light it reflects".

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Which organism is an example from a pioneer community?


white spruce


grass


heath mat


lichen

Answers

Wrong it is not . White spruce!! THE CORRECT. Answer is: lichen.


Answer:

lichen is the correct answer.

Explanation:

lichen is an example from a pioneer community.pioneer species are plants that develop fast and are low to the soil to maximize sunlight absorption. pioneer species are tough and strong, the same as human pioneerslichen is the example of pioneer species and first to colonize a field. lichen can resist a severe environment after the natural disaster.Lichen is called as pioneer species because they are the first to found in a area.

Which of these would best describe the outcome of increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules in the above picture


Answers

The temperature will increase.

The question is incomplete, the complete question is:

Which of these would best describe the outcome of increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules in the above picture? A) The temperature will increase. B) The temperature will decrease. C) The temperature will remain unchanged. D) The temperature would fluctuate up and down.

Answer:

The temperature will increase

Explanation:

Temperature is defined as the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a body. Increasing the kinetic energy of the molecules will also increase the temperature of the molecules.

Similarly, kinetic energy is proportional to temperature. Hence an increase in the kinetic energy of molecules also leads to increase in the temperature of the system.

This organelles complex functions to compartmentalize the cell, serves as mechanical support, provides site-specific protein synthesis with membrane-bound ribosomes and plays a role in intracellular transport.

Answers

This organelle is called the Cytoskeleton. 

Answer:

The correct answer will be- Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).

Explanation:

The endoplasmic reticulum or ER is the enclosed flattened membranous structure present in the cytoplasm. The endoplasmic reticulum is continuous with the nucleus which provides mechanical support to the cell.  

In the given question, since it states that organelle contains membrane-bound organelle which helps in the protein synthesis indicates that the organelle is a type of ER called rough endoplasmic reticulum which also provides compartmentalization of the cell along with intracellular transport.

Thus, Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is the correct answer.

Photosynthesis releases energy.
true or false

Answers

false, photosynthesis takes in energy, not releases it.
False. Photosynthesis merely synthesises glucose. Respiration on the other releases the energy stored within glucose.

Post parturient ketosis usually appears
A. during lactation.
B. when an embryo first becomes a fetus.
C. during fertilization of an ova.
D. during the first trimester of pregnancy.

Answers

The correct option is A.
Post parturient refers to the period after a living organism have given birth to offspring.  Post parturient ketosis is a type of ketosis that occur to a female animal after she has given birth to young ones. Glucose is the major fuel that living organisms used to generate energy, when there is shortage of glucose, the body use fat instead as fuel and this leads to the production and build up of ketone bodies. The build up of ketone bodies increases the level of ketones in the blood and this state of metabolismis called ketosis.

What is the rda for protein for an adult who weighs 143 lbs?

Answers

The RDA or recoommended dietary allowance (RDA) is the least amount of protein needed for a person to be healthy. In American diet it is 0.8 grams per kilogram or (0.36 grams per pound) of body weight per day. If an adult weighs 143 lbs., his RDA can be calculated as follows:

RDA=0.36 x 143

RDA=51.48 grams

How is homeostasis important to the survival of organisms?
A. Homeostasis allows organisms to regulate their temperature.
B. Homeostasis helps organisms locate food.
C. Homeostasis makes organisms grow bigger and taller.
D. Homeostasis makes all organisms hibernate.

Answers

The correct answer is A. Homeostasis allows organisms to regulate their temperature.

Explanation:

Homeostasis is a natural process in cells and complex organisms that make these preserve inner stability or equilibrium despite external changes. This includes the ability of organisms to keep adequate hydration levels, temperature, and nutrient levels that are necessary to survive. In the case of temperature, this is part of homeostasis as most organisms have different mechanisms to regulate temperature; for example in the case of humans, when the external temperature increases the body uses sweating as a mechanism to avoid the internal temperature to increase. Thus, one of the reasons homeostasis is important to the survival of organisms is that it allows them to regulate temperature (Option A).

Animals can maintain steady internal and external surroundings with the best operating conditions due to homeostasis. So, option A is correct since homeostasis allows organism to regulate their temperature.

A biological creature can retain internal stability while adjusting to shifting environmental conditions through a process known as homeostasis. Homeostasis is a dynamic process that can alter internal circumstances as needed to survive threats from the outside world. It is not static and unchanging.

Since homeostasis enables the organism to operate normally and protects them from harm from excessive temperatures or other environmental changes, that is crucial for organism's existence.

Therefore, option A is correct.

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\ which of the following places would an animal husbandry worker NOT find a job?
A.) Zoo
B.) Farm
C.) forest
D.) aquarium

Answers

Well animal husbandry deals directly with animals so,
A: is corect because you deal with animals directly
B: farm deals with them directlyish
C: forest that depends you might not deal with animals directly this is probably the answer
D: well obviously you deal with animals

Although B can be iffy whether you do or don't deal with animals directly, C is the most correct answer

identify the parts of a leaf that make up its transport system. Analyze how some of these parts may be thought of as a transport subsystem

Answers

The party of the leaf are the xylem and the Pholem they help transport water to the leaves.first the water is sucked up throughout the roots then travels up the xylem and pholem and then the water is transported to the leaves

How do they use bias to sell their products? How would you use skepticism to evaluate the data that these companies use in their advertisements?

Answers

 They use cognitive biases like framing, loss aversion, status quo etc. to elicit an emotional response in hopes of you making impulsive purchases.

You can use skepticism by listening more carefully to what is being said and looking up any claims made by the advertiser. Like if they say they are the cheapest car insurance, you don't just believe them you compare prices.

Explain why phosphorus does not circulate in the troposphere to a great extent

Answers

Due to soil conditions not allowing bacteria to convert chemical forms of phosphorus into gaseous forms.


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Explain what is meant by a metapopulation and how it relates to the desert bighorn sheep

Answers

A metapopulation is a group of separate, in ecology, it is a regional or group of connected populations of species. It is an isolated population that has individuals occasionally disperse between the habit islands. Bighorn sheep are found in dry desert mountains of Southeastern California. A result of morphometric measurements and protein and mtDNA analysis, Ramey recommended that only Desert Bighorn Sheep and the Sierra Nevada population would only be recognized as a separate species. 

Desert bighorn sheep form a metapopulation due to their fragmented habitat, with isolated populations linked by occasional movements of individuals. This dynamic helps maintain genetic diversity and influences conservation strategies for the species.

A metapopulation is a group of spatially separated populations of the same species that interact to some extent.These populations are linked by occasional movements of individuals between them, either through dispersal or migration.In the context of desert bighorn sheep, metapopulation dynamics occur due to the fragmented nature of their habitat.Desert bighorn sheep populations are often isolated in different mountain ranges or patches of suitable habitat within the desert.Individuals may move between these populations in search of resources such as food, water, or mates, especially during certain times of the year.The concept of a metapopulation is important for understanding the genetic diversity, demographic trends, and overall conservation status of desert bighorn sheep across their range.

What strand of dna would be produced from aac ct?

Answers

The answer: TTG GA

In the DNA double helix there are four base pairs: A, T, G and C.
A (adenine) matches with T (thymine) and C (cytosine) matches with G (guanine).
So, we just need to make them correspond with each letter that was in the exercise.
It's with this base pairs that genes are formed and then translated to proteins.

Which of these indicates equilibrium in the community? A. seral B.pioneer C.ultimate D.intermediate E.climax

Answers

E.climax, because the climax community is composed of species best adapted to average conditions in that area.

Answer: E. climax

An ecological succession refers to the changes that occur in a biotic community with respect to the changes occurring in the abiotic or non-living factors such as soil, weather, temperature, sunlight and others. These changes occur with respect to the time until the ecosystem attains the stability.

A climax community is the end stage of the ecological succession. In this community the living species attains equilibrium which means no further change will occur in these organisms. These species are fit for the survival in the changing environment. Hence, these species are stable.      

Most populations changed from mostly light colored to mostly dark colored in the 1800s. This relates to _____

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Most populations changed from mostly light colored to mostly dark colored in the 1800s. This relates to microevolution.

Nitrogenous base+sugar+phosphate group=

Answers

Nucleotides is the answer: they have a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogenous base.

Since a bright light causes one to blink reflexively, the light would be best described as a(n):

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The light would be best described as AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS.
An unconditioned stimulus refers to any stimulus which naturally evokes a response from the affected person. The response that is evoked is termed unconditioned response. In the question given above, the light is the unconditioned stimulus while the blinking is the unconditioned response.

Since a bright light causes one to blink reflexively, the light would be best described as AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS.

Further Explanation:

AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS:

In old style molding, an unconditioned reaction is an unlearned reaction that happens normally in response to the unconditioned improvement. For instance, if the smell of nourishment is the unconditioned boost, the sentiment of craving because of the smell of sustenance is the unconditioned reaction.  

Instances of the Unconditioned Stimulus:

The mutts in his analysis would smell the sustenance, and after that normally start to salivate accordingly. This reaction requires no learning, and it essentially happens consequently.  

unconditioned stimulus elicit:  

Pavlovian (Classical) molding is learning a relationship between two improvements. It is named for I. P. The unconditioned improvement (US) and the unconditioned reaction (or reflex) it inspires. The adapted improvement and the molded reaction (or reflex) it can inspire after Pavlovian molding has occurred.  

Stimulus in science:

Physiology Something that can inspire or bring out a physiological reaction in a phone, a tissue, or a life form. A boost can be inside or outer. Sense organs, for example, the ear, and tactile receptors, for example, those in the skin, are delicate to outside boosts, for example, sound and contact.

Subject: biology

Level: college

Keywords: AN UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS, Instances of the Unconditioned Stimulus, unconditioned stimulus elicit, Stimulus in science.

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What does the sperm need in order to be allowed through the egg's zona?

Answers

The membrane and the sperm need to fuse
Final answer:

To fertilize the oocyte, sperm must first penetrate the corona radiata, then bind to and dissolve a path through the zona pellucida. This occurs through an acrosomal reaction, allowing one sperm to fuse with the oocyte's membrane and fertilize it.

Explanation:

In the process of fertilization, sperm must penetrate the oocyte's protective layers to achieve fertilization. Initially, hundreds of sperm are attracted to and begin to break through the barrier of granulosa cells known as the corona radiata. These sperm then approach the zona pellucida, a thick, gel-like glycoprotein membrane surrounding the oocyte.

The acrosomal reaction plays a critical role in allowing the sperm to penetrate these barriers. Upon contact with the zona pellucida, the sperm binds to receptors, triggering the release of digestive enzymes from the acrosome. These enzymes aid in digesting the extracellular matrix of the corona radiata and then clear a path through the zona pellucida. Eventually, a single sperm fuses its plasma membrane with the oocyte's plasma membrane, leading to the introduction of the sperm's genetic material into the oocyte and the formation of a zygote.

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.


The main difference between deserts and steppes is the _____.


vegetation density


annual rainfall


animal population


grass fire frequency

Answers

Hey there!

The main difference between deserts and steppes is the annual rainfall

Hope this helps!

According to the given question, Annual rainfall is the main difference between deserts and steppes

Further Explanation:

Steppes are typical grasslands found almost on all places across the earth. And it has more rainfall than a deserts. Typically, grasslands are dominated by grasses, and growth of the grasses are aided by seasonal rainfall, which are really beneficial to humans and other living things. In terms of economical reasons, grasslands improve the standard of living of humans, and different plants and crops are planted on it, and the annual rainfall on grassland regions further boost the plant growth process and are ready for consumption at a specific period of time. Steppes can be found in Eastern Europe, Asia, North and South  America. Steppes are grouped into two forms.

Temperate Steppe Subtropical Steppe

Deserts are barren lands or desolate terrains or abandoned places where little or no grass are seen on. Deserts have few rainfall compared to steppes. Due to the limited amount of rain on deserts, plants in the desert typically find it hard to survive. In some cases, Few plants like Cacti, shrubs, succulents and grasses still manage to grow despite the harsh conditions in the deserts, and this is mainly as a result of water storage in the leaves, stems, and also coverings on the leaves with prevent water loss. Deserts are located in Africa, Asia, North and South America, and Europe.

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KEYWORDS:

SteppesDesertsRainfallGrasslandsPlants

what category do the individual organisms we can see with our naked eye fall in to?

Answers

The Eukarya domain.

The organisms can be divided into three domains, based on the type of cell that the organism is made of:

Bacteria domain: cells do not contain a nucleus.
Archaea: cells don't contain a nucleus and they have a different cell wall from bacteria.
Eukarya
: They keep their genetic material inside the nucleus. Composed by animals, protists, plants and fungi


Which of the following elements is the most reactive

- potassium
- lithium
- sodium
- rubidium

Answers

c hope this helps you out

The sage plant (salvia leucophylla) secrets a chemical that inhibits the growth of other sage plants nearby. considering this, what is the most likely pattern of dispersion one would find in the plant's natural habitat? clumped

Answers

Final answer:

The sage plant (Salvia leucophylla), through the process of allelopathy, likely exhibits a uniform pattern of dispersion in its natural habitat due to the chemical inhibition of nearby individuals' growth.

Explanation:

The sage plant (Salvia leucophylla) secretes a chemical that inhibits the growth of other sage plants nearby. This phenomenon, known as allelopathy, results in a specific pattern of dispersion in the plant's natural habitat. Considering the inhibitory effect this chemical has on the growth of nearby individuals of the same species, the most likely pattern of dispersion found in Salvia leucophylla's natural habitat would be a uniform dispersion. In uniform dispersion, individuals are more or less equally spaced apart. This pattern occurs because the chemicals secreted by these plants create an environment where it is beneficial for each individual to be spaced at a regular distance from others to reduce competition and chemical interference.

Examples of uniform dispersion in nature are not limited to sage plants but also include territorial animals and other plant species that engage in similar competitive or inhibitory behaviors. Thus, the dispersion of individuals within a population, whether it be uniform, random, or clumped, provides important information about how they interact with each other and with their environment.

Why is a skeptical attitude important in science?

A)It allows scientists to challenge inaccurate information.
B)It allows scientists to accept all information as true.
C)It ensures that scientists write short articles.
D)It highlights the good features of an experiment.
E)It provokes other scientists.

Answers

I believe the answer is A. Hope this helps

What is the rda for protein for an adult who weighs 143 lbs?

Answers

51.53g, or about 52g. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of protein for an adult is 0.8g of protein per kilogram of body weight. If you convert 143 lbs to kg, you get 64.41kg. If you multiply 64.41 by 0.8, you get 51.53.

The psychiatric mental health nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd). assessment reveals that the client is experiencing frequent episodes of intrusion. the nurse should consequently prioritize what assessment?

Answers

The psychiatric mental health nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) because it would help the person who has it and it is an assessment.

What is an example of posttraumatic stress disorder?

You may have more PTSD symptoms when you're stressed in general, or when you come across reminders of what you went through. For example, you may hear a car backfire and relive combat experiences. Or you may see a report on the news about a sexual assault and feel overcome by memories of your own assault.

Triggers can include sights, sounds, smells, or thoughts that remind you of the traumatic event in some way. Some PTSD triggers are obvious, such as seeing a news report of an assault. Others are less clear. For example, if you were attacked on a sunny day, seeing a bright blue sky might make you upset.

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A psychiatric mental health nurse should prioritize a mental status assessment for a client with PTSD experiencing intrusion, to gauge the impact on daily functioning and to determine the client's coping mechanisms, triggers, support system, and potential risks.

When a psychiatric mental health nurse is working with a client who has been diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and is experiencing frequent episodes of intrusion, the nurse should prioritize an assessment that focuses on the client's mental status. This includes evaluating the severity and impact of the intrusive thoughts, nightmares, or flashbacks on the client's daily functioning. Considering that PTSD symptoms can be triggered by various psychological and environmental factors, it is important to assess the client's coping mechanisms, triggers, and support system. The nurse should also explore the client's safety, any co-occurring conditions, and the overall risk to self or others, as these can influence the treatment plan.

The nursing process guides the nurse through this by beginning with a thorough assessment. During this process, the nurse gathers data on the patient's psychological and mental health. This assessment may include the use of validated tools such as the Minnesota Multiphasic Personal Inventory (MMPI-2) or projective tests. A thorough interview is also crucial to understand the patient's experiences and needs. The nurse may also obtain additional information from family members or other healthcare professionals regarding the client's background and functioning.

Treatment for psychological disorders like PTSD often begins with such assessments, which help in creating a comprehensive care approach tailored to the individual's specific needs. It is essential for the nurse to also consider the client's overall well-being, focusing on both their mental health and physical health, as these are often interconnected.

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