What unit is used to measure cell potential?
A. electron
Kelvin
oxidation number
OD. volt

The percentage yield if 4.65 g of copper is produced will be 70.4 %.

Explanation:

The balanced equation is given as

                  2Al + 3CuSO4 ----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3Cu

1.87 g of Al =  0.0693 moles of Al *  3 moles of Cu / 2 moles of Al

                  = 0.10396 moles of Cu.

This corresponds to 6.606 g of Cu which refers to theoretical yield.

% yield = (actual / theoretical) * 100

            = (4.65 / 6.606) * 100

% yield = 70.4 %.  

To calculate the percent yield for copper production, convert the given mass of aluminum to moles, use stoichiometry to determine the theoretical yield of copper, and then divide the actual yield by the theoretical yield and multiply by 100%.

To calculate the percent yield in the reaction where 1.897 grams of aluminum reacts with an excess of copper (II) sulfate to produce copper, we first need to determine the theoretical yield of copper that can be produced from the given amount of aluminum. Utilizing stoichiometry, we start with the balanced chemical equation:

2Al + 3CuSO4 (aq) → Al2(SO4)3 (aq) + 3Cu

This equation tells us that 2 moles of aluminum can produce 3 moles of copper. However, since we have the mass of aluminum, we need to convert it to moles using aluminum's molar mass. Then by the stoichiometric relationship, we can find out how many moles of copper would theoretically be formed and then convert that number to grams by using the molar mass of copper.

Once the theoretical yield is found, we use the actual yield (4.65 grams) to calculate the percent yield using the following formula:

percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

Note that in some cases, the theoretical yield may need to be determined by other means, such as by identifying the limiting reactant if not all reactants are in excess. For the provided example, the theoretical yield can be calculated directly since the aluminum is limiting and is completely consumed in the reaction.

Answer:

Cold Front

Explanation:

Answer: ethane

Explanation:

To determine the empirical formula of a hydrocarbon with 80% carbon and 20% hydrogen, calculate the moles of each and establish the simplest whole number ratio, which is CH₃. The molecular formula is then derived by dividing the molar mass of the compound by the empirical formula mass; since Mr is 30, the molecular formula is C₂H₆.

Determining Empirical and Molecular Formulas

To determine the empirical formula of an organic hydrocarbon compound with 80% carbon and 20% hydrogen by mass, assume a 100 g sample of the compound. This assumption simplifies the calculation because the percentages can be directly treated as grams:

80 g carbon (C)

20 g hydrogen (H)

Next, convert these masses into moles based on the atomic masses of carbon and hydrogen (approximately 12.01 g/mol for C and 1.01 g/mol for H):

Carbon: 80 g C ÷ 12.01 g/mol C = approximately 6.66 mol C

Hydrogen: 20 g H ÷ 1.01 g/mol H = approximately 19.80 mol H

Divide the moles of each element by the smallest number of moles to get a ratio:

Ratio of C:H = 6.66 mol C : 19.80 mol H = 1:3

So, the empirical formula is CH₃.

Next, to find the molecular formula, we need to use the given molar mass (Mr) of the compound, which is 30 g/mol. Since the empirical formula mass of CH₃ is about 15.03 g/mol (12.01 for C + 3 × 1.01 for H), we divide the molar mass of the compound by the empirical formula mass:

30 g/mol ÷ 15.03 g/mol

This gives us a ratio of approximately 2, suggesting that the molecular formula is twice that of the empirical formula. Therefore, the molecular formula is C₂H₆.

To lower the pH of vinegar, it should be boiled to concentrate the acetic acid. Mixing vinegar with baking soda triggers a reaction where bicarbonate acts as a base.

To lower the pH of vinegar, which means to make it more acidic, one should concentrate the acetic acid content in the vinegar. This can be done by option B, boiling the vinegar to concentrate it. Boiling causes the water to evaporate, leaving behind a higher concentration of acetic acid. Adding sugar, freezing, or diluting with water would not lower the pH, but diluting with water would actually raise the pH, making the vinegar less acidic.

When vinegar and baking soda are mixed, a chemical reaction occurs, producing carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate. However, the question requires an understanding of what species in vinegar serves as a base. In the reaction with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), vinegar (acetic acid) acts as the acid, and the bicarbonate ion in baking soda acts as the base.

Final answer:

To lower the pH of vinegar, you can add water to dilute it, which decreases the concentration of acetic acid.

Explanation:

To lower the pH of vinegar, you can add water to dilute it. When you add water to vinegar, it increases the amount of solvent and decreases the concentration of acetic acid, which is responsible for the acidic properties of vinegar. This dilution results in a lower pH.

Answer:

3.76 x 1014 s-1? λ = c/ν = 3.00 x 108 m/s = 7.98 x 10-7 m 3.76 x 1014 s-1.

Explanation:

hope i helped btw i am breanna  plzz mark me brainliest

The value of wavelength with a frequency value of [tex] 3.76 \times {10}^{14} [/tex] is [tex] 7.97 \times {10}^{ - 5} \: Hz[/tex]

Recall :

Substituting the values into the equation :

[tex]wavelength = \frac{3 \times {10}^{8} }{3.76 \times {10}^{14} } = 0.7979 \times {10}^{(8 - 14)} = 0.7979 \times {10}^{ - 6} [/tex]

Therefore the value of wavelength , λ for the given frequency value is : [tex]7.98 \times {10}^{ - 5} Hz[/tex]

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Answer:

Dimethyl ether

Explanation:

There r 2 in this. In the straight chain carbon there are 2 of there so we name it as di. It is methyl so we gave it methyl.

Answer:

Dimethyl ether (methoxymethane)

Explanation:

Answer:

1.06 g/cm³

Explanation:

Data given:

volume of liquid = 95.5 cm³

mass of the liquid = 101 g

density = ?

Solution:

To calculate density formula will be used

                   d = m/v

where

d = density

m = mass

v = volume

put values in above formula

                  d =  101 g / 95.5 cm³

                  d = 1.06 g/cm³

so. the density of liquid = 1.06 g/cm³

Final answer:

The density of a liquid, given its mass is 101 grams and volume is 95.5 cm³, is calculated using the formula Density = Mass / Volume, resulting in a density of 1.057 g/cm³.

Explanation:

The question asks to calculate the density of a liquid when given its mass and volume. Density is found by dividing the mass of a substance by its volume. We can use the formula Density = Mass / Volume to find the answer.

In this case, the mass of the liquid is 101 grams and the volume is 95.5 cm3. Plugging these values into the formula gives:

Density = 101 grams / 95.5 cm3 = 1.057 g/cm3.

Therefore, the density of the liquid is 1.057 g/cm3.

Answer:

0.5949 mol Cl2

Explanation:

1. Balance equation - that was given

2. Identify the "given" and what is being asked

-Given moles of FeCl2, Find moles of Cl2

List other known quantites - 1 mol Cl2 = 2 mol FeCl2 (given based on the equation)

3. Prepare a concept map = mol FeCl2 -> mol O2

(Equation should be set up like: 1mol Cl2/2 mol FeCl2)

4. Cancel units and calculate:

----> 1.1898 mol FeCl2 x 1 mol Cl2/2 mol FeCl2 = 0.5949 mol Cl2 will be reacted

Answer: each subshell can hold 2 electrons.

Answer: 3937 inches

Explanation: The conversion factor of 1m = 39.37 inches

Solution:

100 m x 39.37 in / 1 m

= 3937 inches

Cancel out meters so the remaining unit is in inches

Answer:

The equilibrium constant Kc for the reaction is :

16.07

Explanation:

The balanced equation is :

[tex]H_{2}(g)+I_{2}(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)[/tex]

First ,

"At the equilibrium, 60% of the hydrogen gas had reacted"

This means the degree of dissociation = 60% = 0.6

Here we are denoting degree of dissociation by ="x" =  0.6

Now , consider the equation again,

[tex]H_{2}(g)+I_{2}(g)\rightleftharpoons 2HI(g)[/tex]

H2                       I2                 2HI

0.35                   1.6                0            (Initial Concentration)

0.35(1 - x)           1.6(1 - x)         2x    (At equilibrium)

0.35(1 - 0.6)       1.6(1 - 0.6)      2(0.6)

0.14                     0.64                 1.2

calculate the concentration of each:

[tex]Concentration =\frac{moles}{Volume(L)}[/tex]

[tex]C_{H_{2}}=\frac{0.14}{2}[/tex]  

[tex]C_{H_{2}}=0.07moles/L[/tex]

[tex]C_{I_{2}}=\frac{0.64}{2}[/tex]  

[tex]C_{I_{2}}=0.32moles/L[/tex]

[tex]HI=\frac{1.2}{2}[/tex]  

[tex]HI=0.6moles/L[/tex]

The equilibrium constant for this reaction "Kc" can be written as:

[tex]Kc=\frac{[HI]^{2}}{[H_{2}][I_{2}]}[/tex]  

[tex]Kc=\frac{0.6^{2}}{0.07\times 0.32}[/tex]

[tex]Kc=\frac{0.36}{0.0224}[/tex]

[tex]Kc=16.07[/tex]

Answer:

4

Explanation:

I took the test and got it right!

Answer:

All chemical equations goes to the law of conservation of mass which says that matter can not be destroyed nor created which means there has to be an equal amount of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. I hope that helps, I'm learning this as well.

Answer:

The law of conservation of mass, this is what I got correct on a test hopefully this helps Im sorry I don’t have any written proof. Please tell me if this is incorrect:)

Explanation:

Answer: I’ve got you man ,

Cl has comparitively huger size than carbon and needs just one electron to fill its valence shell and be stable. ... Hydrogen is a halogen and is above chlorine in the 17th group but still it is not more electronegative than chlorine.

Explanation:

have a good day

Final answer:

Chlorine is more reactive than carbon because the bonds between chlorine atoms are weaker compared to the strong carbon-fluorine bonds. Reactivity increases from fluorides to iodides, with chlorides being more reactive than fluorides due to easier bond breaking.

Explanation:

In terms of reactivity, the key factor is the strength of the bonds that need to be broken for a reaction to occur. A carbon-chlorine bond is relatively strong but not as strong as a carbon-fluorine bond. Therefore, in a series of carbon-halogen bonds, the strength decreases and thus reactivity increases in the following order: C-F (least reactive), C-Cl, C-Br, to C-I (most reactive).

Looking specifically at chlorine, it forms diatomic molecules (Cl₂) with a relatively weak bond between the atoms, making Cl₂ quite reactive. Chlorine reacts with a variety of substances, including metals, to form chlorides. Considering alkyl halides, iodides are the most reactive and fluorides the least because it is easiest to break a carbon-iodine bond and hardest to break a carbon-fluorine bond.

The reactivity of chlorination products must take into account the polarity of the bond. The carbon-chlorine bond's polarization leads to increased reactivity as it can be more easily attacked due to its partial positive charge on the carbon atom.

Answer:

All of them.

Explanation:

They all require some sort of chemistry knowledge as they might be dealing with substances.

Doctors, pharmacists, and forensics experts all require chemistry knowledge in their respective fields to understand interactions and chemical compositions pertaining to medicines, drugs, and evidence.

The correct answer to the question 'Which of the following careers requires chemistry knowledge?' is d. all of the above. Each of these professions requires some knowledge of chemistry:

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Answer: 3.5 moles V2O5

Explanation: First balance the chemical equation to find the stoichiometric factor between VOCl3 and V2O5

2 V2O5 + 6 Cl2 => 4 VOCl3 + 7 O2

So the mole to mole ratio is 2 moles V2O5 to 4 moles of VOCl3

Solution

7 moles VOCl3 x 2 moles V2O5 / 4 moles VOCl3 = 3.5 moles V2O5

Answer:

not fully absorbed by the atmosphere.

Explanation:

Visible light with a wavelength of 380-760 nm will usually not be fully absorbed by the atmosphere. Visible light is most likely to reach Earth's surface or be partially absorbed and scattered by the atmosphere. Other types of radiation, such as infrared radiation and ultraviolet light, are more readily absorbed by the atmosphere.

Answer:

not fully absorbed by the atmosphere.

Explanation:

Visible light with a wavelength of 380-760 nm will usually not be fully absorbed by the atmosphere. Visible light is most likely to reach Earth's surface or be partially absorbed and scattered by the atmosphere. Other types of radiation, such as infrared radiation and ultraviolet light, are more readily absorbed by the atmosphere.

A precipitate is a product of a reaction that is insoluble in the reaction medium (usually water).

Why?

One of the signs that a reaction happened is that a precipitate forms. Let's take the reaction between Silver Nitrate (AgNO₃) and Sodium Chloride (NaCl) as an example:

AgNO₃(aq) + NaCl(aq) → AgCl(s)↓ + NaNO₃(aq)

In this reaction, Silver Chloride (AgCl) is an insoluble product of the reaction, and precipitates out of the reaction medium

If we write down the ionic equation, we find out the following:

Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ + Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → AgCl(s) + Na⁺ + NO₃⁻

The ions that appear at both sides of the arrow are called spectator ions, since they are not directly involved in the process of the reaction, making the net ionic equation to be:

Ag⁺ + NO₃⁻ → AgCl(s)

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Answer:

2HBr + Mg(OH)2 => MgBr2 + 2 H2O

Explanation: To balance the equation put 2 in H2O in the product side. Then balance the other Hydrogen atoms by adding 2 in HBr. Since there is another 2 atoms of H in (OH)2 so hydrogen atoms are balanced having 4 atoms each sides. Also Mg and Br are balanced

The problem requires using the combined gas law, which involves an equation relating pressures, volumes, and temperatures of a gas sample. By converting temperatures to Kelvin and using given pressure and volume values, we can solve for the final volume.

The question involves using the combined gas law to calculate the new volume of a gas given changes in temperature and pressure. To find the volume the gas would occupy at 250°C and 680 mm Hg pressure, we use the formula:

V2 = (P1 × V1 × T2) / (P2 × T1)

First, we need to convert the temperatures from Celsius to Kelvin:

Now we plug the values into the combined gas law equation:

V2 = (740 mm Hg × 410 mL × 523.15 K) / (680 mm Hg × 300.15 K)

After doing the math, you can find the final volume, V2, in milliliters (mL).

Answer:    n = 3.0 moles

V = 60.0 L

T = 400 K

From PV = nRT, you can find P

P = nRT/V = (3.0 mol)(0.0821 L-atm/K-mol)(400 K)/60.0L

P = 1.642 atm = 1.6 atm (to 2 significant figures)

Final answer:

The pressure inside a container with 3 moles of gas, a volume of 60 liters, and a temperature of 400 K is approximately 1247.2 mm Hg, calculated using the Ideal Gas Law.

Explanation:

To calculate the pressure inside the container we can use the Ideal Gas Law, which is expressed as PV = nRT. In this formula, P stands for pressure, V for volume, n for number of moles, R for the ideal gas constant, and T for temperature. The ideal gas constant (R) has various values depending on the units of pressure and volume.

For this problem, we will use R = 62.36 L mm Hg / mol K, since we are asked to find the pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and the volume is given in liters (L).

First, we need to correctly plug in our given values: we have n = 3 moles, V = 60 liters, and T = 400 K. When these values are substituted into the ideal gas equation, we get P(60 L) = (3 moles)(62.36 L mm Hg / mol K)(400 K).

Solving for pressure P gives us:

P = (3 moles × 62.36 L mm Hg / mol K × 400 K) / 60 L

Now, let's do the math:

P = (74832 mm Hg K / mol) / 60 L= 1247.2 mm Hg

The pressure inside the container is therefore approximately 1247.2 mm Hg.

The higher concentrated solution is 0.250 mole LiCl dissolved in 250 ml of solution

( B).0.250mole of LiCl diluted in 250ml solution

Explanation:

Procedure to find the intensity of the solution:

To find the intensity of the solution, we have to use the following formula

M1V1=M2V2

250mL of a 0.500 M aqueous solution of LiCl is diluted with water

[tex]M1V1=(250) \times (0.500)=125M[/tex]

250 ml of a 0.250M aqueous solution of LiCl is diluted with water

[tex]M2V2=(250) \times (0.250)=62.5M[/tex]

Thus the PH level of a solution increases from ascending order, Therefore the Solution with 62.5M is a higher concentration than that of the solution with 125M.

Answer:

B. 159.6 g

Explanation:

balanced reaction:

∴ moles taht react of Fe = 2 mol

∴ mm Fe = 55.845 g/mol

⇒ g Fe2O3 = ?

∴ moles Fe2O3 = ( 2 mol Fe )×( 2 mol Fe2O3/ 4 mol Fe ) = mol Fe2O3

∴ mm Fe2O3 = 159.6882 g/mol

⇒ g Fe2O3 = ( 1 mol Fe2O3 )×( 159.6882 g/mol) = 159.6882 g

Answer: option C. between gases should in all cases be extremely rapid because the average kinetic energy of the molecules is great.

The speed of a chemical reaction is influenced by temperature and concentration. Reactions between gases are generally rapid due to the high average kinetic energy of the molecules.

The speed of a chemical reaction is influenced by various factors, including temperature, concentration, and the nature of the reactants. The statement that best aligns with these factors is: c. Between gases should in all cases be extremely rapid because the average kinetic energy of the molecules is great.

Temperature plays a crucial role in determining the speed of a reaction. Increasing the temperature increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move faster and collide more frequently, leading to faster reaction rates. Additionally, the statement that mentions the effect of concentration on reaction rates is: When a reaction occurs between two reactant species, it proceeds faster at higher concentrations of the reactants.

It is important to note that factors like surface area and the presence of bonds to be broken also influence reaction rates, but they are not addressed in the given options.

Answer:

               The H⁺ concentration in solution is increased by an Acid.

Explanation:

To understand this we will simply define each given option.

An Acid:

             Is any specie which when dissolved in water increases the concentration of Hydrogen Ions (i.e. H⁺) like HCl, or donated H⁺ to base like HBr or accepts lone pair electrons like BF₃.

Salt:

      Salt is formed from the neutralization reaction of Acid and Base. So, when the salt is formed it decreases both the concentration of H⁺ or Hydroxide ions if present.

Base:

          It is any specie which when dissolved in solution produces hydroxyl ions like NaOH, or accepts proton or donate lone pair of electrons like :NH₃.

Water:

          Water is neither an acid nor a base. It is a neutral compound which on ionization produces hydroxyl and hydrogen ions at the same time which at that time neutralize each other. Hence, we can conclude that water does not increase the concentration of H⁺ ions.

Answer:

mass and weight

Explanation:

because ur weight pulls you to the center of the earth

Answer: Remove a loosely bound valence electron from a gaseous atom on its orbital shell.

Explanation: It is the minimum energy required to pull out outer electrons on its energy orbital.

Explanation:

Chemical reaction

When two or more substances react and form some new substance it is called as chemical reaction .

A + B --> C + D

(reactants )   (products )

When ever chemical reaction occurs following changes can occur :

On the basis of energy changes : reactions are of two types :

Endothermic

Exothermic

Endothermic reaction

A reaction in which heat is absorbed .

Example :½N2(g) + O2(g) + 8.1 kcal → NO2(g)

Exothermic reaction

A reaction in which heat is released .

For example : H2(g) + ½O2(g) → H2O(g), ΔH = -57.82 kcal

½N2(g) + 3/2H2(g) → NH3(g) + 11.0 kcal

C(diamond) + O2(g) → CO2, ΔH = -94.50 kcal

Final answer:

The reactions ½N2(g) + O2(g) + 8.1 kcal → NO2(g) and ½N2(g) + 3/2H2(g) → NH3(g) + 11.0 kcal are endothermic because they absorb heat, as indicated by their positive ΔH values.

Explanation:

To determine whether a chemical reaction is exothermic or endothermic, we need to look at the heat term (ΔH) associated with the reaction. An exothermic reaction releases heat and therefore has a negative ΔH value. An endothermic reaction absorbs heat and has a positive ΔH value.

In the examples provided:

Therefore, the reactions ½N2(g) + O2(g) + 8.1 kcal → NO2(g) and ½N2(g) + 3/2H2(g) → NH3(g) + 11.0 kcal are both endothermic reactions.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

USA Test prep

The given chemical and physical properties can be most useful as a machinery lubricant. Therefore, option A is correct.

A lubricant can be described as a substance that helps to decrease friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which reduces the heat produced when the surfaces move.

The lubricant-to-surface friction is generally much less than surface-to-surface friction without any lubrication. Therefore, the use of a lubricant reduces friction in types of machinery.

It has the function of transmitting forces, transporting particles, or heating or cooling the surfaces. The property of reducing friction between the surfaces is called lubricity.

A machine lubricant has the property to stay liquid within a wide range of temperatures. They have high viscosity index, thermal stability, Hydraulic stability, Corrosion prevention, and high resistance to oxidation.

These properties of Lubricants are the same as the given chemical and physical properties. Therefore, the given properties can be useful as a machinery lubricant.

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