What part of the mesolimbic system found in the midbrain is involved with behavioral reward?

Answers

Answer 1
The mesolimbic pathway, located in the brain stem, is often referred to as the reward path. This area is located in the ventral tegmental area or VTA. Interestingly enough, this area generally deals with basic survival, but the ventral tegmental area projects to the nucleus accumbens (thought to be the reward center).

Related Questions

In the nature versus nurture debate nurture refers to

Answers

Based on the nature versus nurture debate, the term nurture means that it is referring or focusing mainly on the variables of the environment in which includes how a person become or what impacts them to become what they are now, such examples are experiences in their every day life.

Final answer:

Nurture in the nature versus nurture debate refers to the environmental influences which include upbringing, culture, and experiences that shape individuals.

Explanation:

In the context of the nature versus nurture debate, nurture refers to the environmental influences such as upbringing, culture, and experiences that shape a person's behaviors, traits, and abilities. These influences can come from various aspects like educational experiences, the way parents raise you, social relationships, and the culture you live in.This contrasts with the 'nature' side of the debate, which argues that genetics and biological factors are the primary determiners of who we are as individuals

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Veristic portraits from the roman republic appear to be literal reproductions of the faces of:

Answers

the answer is roman participants
Veristic portraits refers to literal reproduction from the faces of someone that played an important role in the world roman's and literature.
This artform was started to become popular during the republican period in order to commemorate the works that being done by that person.

After seeing your new neighbor walking very stiffly and primly by your house wearing horn–rimmed glasses on a chain, a cardigan sweater, and her hair in a bun, you decide she must be a librarian. your judgment is based on

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The judgment that you have provided in the scenario of your neighbor being a librarian just because of some little evidences means that it is based on representativeness heuristic. This is a type of judgment in which is uncertain and are only made just because of a certain event that has occurred or has been provided.

Perhaps because __________ play is inconsistent with the "masculine" gender role, boys who engage in it are at risk for negative reactions from both parents and peers.
a.quiet
b.sociodramatic
c.constructive
d.functional

Answers

The answer is a, quiet. It is because being quiet is somehow a characteristic that does not relate or pair up with masculine as boys are usually depicted to be more loud or more noisy in their nature in which if they are quiet, they are likely to be judged by other-- in which, gives them negative reactions.

What type of probation might require face-to-face contacts between the officer and the probationer five times a week, a mandatory curfew, having a job, and submitting to weekly alcohol and drug testing?

Answers

The type of probation that is being referred to the scenario above is called intensive. This is a process being held as a means of protecting the public and a way of providing the offenders an intense supervision that are being establish by the court.

Most people think of _____ as white and chalky, but it's actually a silver, shiny metal

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Calcium

Calcium is actually a shiny, silvery metal under standard conditions. However, it quickly forms a gray-white oxide on its surface when exposed to air after being cut. 

Calcium is mostly found on Earth in the form of rocks and minerals such as limestone (calcium carbonate), dolomite (calcium magnesium carbonate), and gypsum (calcium sulfate). It rarely exists in its pure elemental form in nature. 

Attending to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner is most likely to be associated with

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This is mindfulness meditation. This is a practice that is typically used as a stress reducer, and is usually focused on taking note of one's own bodily rhythms. By practicing mindfulness, a person can become more in-tune with one's own body and to not over-react to stimuli that may come one's way.

Food, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in maslow's hierarchy of needs. in psyco

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The answer to this question is Physiological
According to Maslow, Physiological needs refers to all the needs that necessary for human in order to ensure our life survival.
Things that are included in this needs usually will be used by humans everyday and cannot be ignored or replaced with other needs.

Final answer:

Food, shelter, and warmth are classified as physiological needs, which are the most fundamental level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy and are essential for survival.

Explanation:

Food, shelter, and warmth represent physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Maslow's hierarchy is conceptualized as a pyramid with different levels of needs, where the most basic needs must be met before individuals can concern themselves with higher-level needs. At the base of the pyramid are physiological needs which are necessary for survival; these include necessities such as food, water, and shelter. Once these are satisfied, the next level addresses safety and security needs. Subsequent levels include social needs like belongingness, esteem needs that relate to self-worth, and finally, at the peak, self-actualization needs, which involve realizing one's full potential. Abraham Maslow proposed this hierarchy in his 1943 paper 'A Theory of Human Motivation' and it remains a well-regarded framework for understanding human motivation in the field of psychology.

The four properties of this (element/principle) are: Length, Width, Direction, and Surface.

Question 2 options:

A)

Shape


B)

Texture


C)

Line


D)

Form

Answers

it's shape and line.

In a democratic system of government, leaders are chosen by

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Hello!

In democratic government systems, leaders are chosen through elections. However, the way that the election works depends on the country. For example, the U.S. has a representative democracy which means that there are representatives who represent the American population. In other countries, citizens directly vote for candidates in an election and not a representative. 

I hope this helps you! Have a great day!

Mr. gander has long been distressed by frequently recurring urges to enter areas of department stores displaying women's undergarments in order to become sexually aroused. his experience is most indicative of

Answers

A paraphilia should be the correct answer!
It means to have abnormal/weird sexual desires. Kind of like a fetish. 

Let me know if I'm wrong!

While taking a tranquilizing drug as a treatment for a muscle spasm, you witnessed an automobile accident. later, your memory of the incident was rather fuzzy, but when you begin taking tranquilizers again for test anxiety, some of the memories returned. this would be an example of?

Answers

amnesia i guess cause im only in middle school.

When unwelcome sexual conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with job performance or creating an intimidating or offensive work atmosphere, it is known as?

Answers

This is the definition of sexual harassment. The actions lead to a workplace that becomes uncomfortable and even intimidating to the worker being harassed. The actions can also lead to a differentiation in the appraisal of the person being harassed's performance, either positively or negatively, and can affect the morale of the entire group.

Why is a standardized diagnostic classification system with agreed-upon definitions of psychological disorders useful in psychology?

Answers

Having a standardized diagnostic classification system with agreed-upon psychological definitions is useful in promoting agreement among professionals and allowing mental health research to be more standardized. A lot of these standard classifications are outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, written by the American Psychiatric Association.

Standardization would be an effective gimc tactic in the middle east because of the variety of religions and cultures.
a. True
b. False

Answers

False. In any area that has numerous cultures, identities, and ways of seeing the world, standardization is a bad idea. This can lead to cultural misunderstandings and missed opportunities for growth. Understanding and being aware of cultural differences can make it much easier to forge relationships with other people and groups who may have a different outlook.

What is the average iq for a 12 year old boy?

Answers

The average IQ for a 12-year-old boy is 100, as IQ tests are normed so that the average is always 100 across all age groups. An IQ score is a relative measure of intellectual ability compared with others in the same age group, with about 3% scoring above 130 and below 70 at the extremes.

The average IQ for a 12-year-old boy is 100. IQ tests are designed so that the average IQ score among individuals is 100, which applies across all age groups. An IQ score reflects a person's relative intellectual performance compared to their age group. It's important to note that IQ tests are standardized on a large population to ensure that the average score is always around 100. Moreover, about 3% of the population score above an IQ of 130, which is the threshold for giftedness, while another 3% score below 70, the threshold for intellectual disability, with males being slightly more represented at these extremes.

When columbus made landfall, he thought he had arrived in ______?

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When Columbus made landfall, he thought he had arrived in India.

With his abolitionist writings, david walker employed both secular and religious language.
a. True
b. False

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This is a true statement. In his writings, Walker took the (for the time) radical view that the coloured person needed to be educated about the issues of the day, because only then could they scare their white, slaveholding oppressors. He also employed religious language, often employing Scriptural concepts as a way of urging his black brethren to action.

The delivery style most effective in public speaking situations as well as in the classroom is the

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The delivery style most effective in public speaking situations as well as in the classroom is the extemporaneous speech. The extemporaneous speech is a competitive speaking event in the United States in both high school and college forensics competition. Research and analysis are required for this type of speech. 

In your opinion, can a leader maintain a persona friendship with some members of his or her work group or team without creating the perception of in-groups and out-groups? explain your position.

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A leader cannot maintain a personal friendship with certain group-members they are leading without making the non-friends feel disadvantaged. Leaders need to be friendly without being friends. Becoming friends with or maintaining a friendship with a subordinate will create the appearance of favoritism.

How did the northern United States change during this time?

Answers

during what time exactly

What did carl rogers mean by the term fully functioning person?

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Carl roger meant Someone who is experiencing a match between his or her real self, and who is also trusting of their innermost intuitions and urges.
Through this match that person will constantly make an effort to improve his/herself in various aspects of their life, which make them able to be categorized as 'functional'

"yellow journalism" is most associated with what conflict?

Answers

spanish american war 

The Spanish American war.

An idea that is not necessarily true or scientifically proven, but is developed by people is _____.

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This is a prime example of a social construct. A social construct is an assumption that people make about the world on how things happen and relate. This is just a shared theory though and has no scientific evidence to back it up.

Answer:

socially constructed

Explanation:

(A.P.E.X)

A salesman earns $750 per week plus a 5% commission rate on his sales. Determine his total earnings for a week in which he sells $2020 worth of products.

Answers

$2020 sold in products
-5% commission
= $101 in commission for salesman
$101 + $750 paíd salary = $851

The  total income is the sum of all of profits, including commissions, overtime, bonuses, and similar items. The salesman total earnings for a week is $851.

What is total earnings?

The  total income is the sum of all of your profits, including commissions, overtime, bonuses, and similar items.

The overall minimum contribution rate is 7% if your company calculates pension contributions based on total earnings.

The total income is your gross revenue from all sources less specific deductions like costs, allowances, and reliefs.

The income of your spouse or civil partner is included in your total income if you are married or in a civil partnership and being assessed jointly.

Before taxes, benefits, and other payroll deductions are taken out of an employee's paycheck, that amount is known as their gross pay.

Net pay, often known as take-home pay, is the amount that is left after all withholdings have been taken into account.

Earnings for a business are its net income post-tax. The bottom line or profits of the business are shown here.

Perhaps the most significant and carefully scrutinized statistic in a company's financial filings is its earnings.

$2020 Sold in Products

5% commission [tex]= $101[/tex]

[tex]101+750= $851[/tex]

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Silence tends to serve the same functions in most cultures. true or false

Answers

False. Silence means many different things depending on the particular culture. For instance, in Japan, silence is a form of respect. In Italy or Spain, where it is normal for people to talk over each other and constantly interrupt, silence is very awkward.

In the majority opinion, what does Fortas suggest is the reason the school authorities suspended the students? A.Because they thought that constitutional rights did not apply to school settings B.Because they preferred that the students write essays on Vietnam instead C.Because they wanted to avoid the discomfort of facing an unpopular view D.Because they feared that the students wanted to take over the school

Answers

The correct answer is C) because they wanted to avoid the discomfort of facing an unpopular view.

In the majority opinion, Fortas suggested that the reason the school authorities suspended the students was that they wanted to avoid the discomfort of facing an unpopular view.

We are referring to the case Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District that was decided on February 24, 1969.

In 1965, five students decided to wear black armbands in protest of the Vietnam War and they were suspended by the school for doing that. In the majority opinion, Judge Abe Fortas suggested that the reason the school authorities suspended the students was that they wanted to avoid the discomfort of facing an unpopular view. At the end of the case, the Court decided that the use of armbands as a protest was not a motive to cause any disruption and that the protest was protected by freedom of speech.

Speakers should word their speeches with gender-neutral language. true false

Answers

This is an opinion based question. Therefore I say false. People get offended by nonsense easily. "Man" in speeches can include womMAN as well. 

Final answer:

Using gender-neutral language in speeches is advocated to promote equality and inclusivity, as it challenges negative stereotypes and supports broader opportunities for all genders, especially in traditionally male-dominated fields. This practice, backed by research and historical linguistic studies, underscores the power of language in shaping societal norms and perceptions towards gender.

Explanation:

The question on whether speakers should word their speeches with gender-neutral language touches on important aspects of modern communication ethics and inclusivity. The use of gender-inclusive language, which does not discriminate against or privilege any particular sex or gender identity, is widely advocated for in various spheres of society, including education, media, and especially in politics. A recent cross-national study by Perez & Tavits (2019) underscores the significance of this practice by highlighting how genderless language can combat negative stereotypes towards women and foster broader career opportunities for females in traditionally male-dominated fields.

This rationale is supported by a broader understanding of language as a powerful tool in shaping societal norms and perceptions. Historical linguistic research, including that by Robin Lakoff in the 1970s, has revealed how gendered patterns of speech contribute to the empowerment of one gender over another, further emphasizing the necessity for gender-neutral language in daily interactions and official speeches. Thus, adopting gender-neutral language in speeches is not only aligned with promoting equality and inclusivity but also plays a crucial role in challenging and redefining societal norms towards a more equitable structure.

Whereas ________ specify how all group members should behave, ________ specify how individuals in particular positions should behave?

Answers

I’m going home to get to my bed now and then I’ll go see my sister in a few days

In a movie the main character has to write everything on his body and take notes, otherwise he quickly forgets this is because he has sustained an injury that has left him without _____ memory.

Answers

I think the answer is short-term memory.
Hopefully that helped. :D
Final answer:

The character in the movie has anterograde amnesia, a condition usually caused by brain trauma that prevents the formation of new declarative memories after the event that caused the amnesia, leaving the person unable to consolidate new information from short-term memory into long-term memory. They can, however, form new procedural memories.

Explanation:

The main character in the movie has sustained an injury leaving him with anterograde amnesia. This is a condition commonly caused by brain trauma that results in difficulty to form new memories post injury. Despite this condition, individuals with anterograde amnesia are often still capable of forming new procedural memories.

As an instance, someone with anterograde amnesia would not recall reading a book as right after finishing it, it would feel new to them again. They also have trouble remembering people they have recently met. However, patterns and routines can be learned over time, even if they don't recall performing these activities before.

Essentially, anterograde amnesia affects the transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory due to the injury in the brain, primarily to the hippocampus. This causes the inability to consolidate new experiences and knowledge into long-term, accessible memories.

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