Compare and contrast cilia, flagella and pseudopodia
Cilia and flagella are microtubule-based structures aiding in cell motility in eukaryotes, with cilia being shorter and more numerous, while flagella are longer. Pseudopodia are cytoplasmic extensions used by some protists for movement and feeding. The cellular components differ among prokaryotic, animal, and plant cells, with variations in organelles and boundaries.
Explanation:Comparison of Cilia, Flagella, and PseudopodiaCilia and flagella are both hair-like structures that extend from the plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells and are composed of a 9+2 array of microtubules. However, cilia are shorter, often cover the entire surface of a cell, and can be used for locomotion, feeding, or movement of extracellular particles. Flagella are longer and fewer in number, serving primarily for the locomotion of cells, such as sperm and some protozoa. Prokaryotic flagella are structurally different from eukaryotic flagella but also enable locomotion. Pseudopodia, on the other hand, are extensions of the cell membrane and cytoplasm used by some protists to move and feed by attaching to a surface and flowing the cytoplasm into the extension.
When contrasting prokaryotic cells, animal cells, and plant cells, prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while animal and plant cells feature a nucleus and a complex set of organelles. Animal cells do not have a cell wall or chloroplasts, which are present in plant cells; plant cells also have large central vacuoles. The boundaries that cells use to separate themselves from their surrounding environment also differ, with bacteria utilizing a cell wall and plasma membrane, animal cells having a flexible plasma membrane, and plant cells featuring a rigid cell wall in addition to their plasma membrane.
Among the cellular cytoskeletal elements, microfilaments are involved in phagocytosis, allowing macrophages to engulf pathogens. Microtubules, found in cilia and flagella, facilitate the movement of these structures and also play a role in cell division and maintaining cell shape.
A dissolved oxygen meter important to monitoring the health of a local pond because
A) aquatic life cannot survive in water that is too warm.
B) anaerobic conditions are unsuitable for most aquatic life.
C) most plants and fish need a low level of turbidity to survive.
D) the dissolved oxygen meter is an effective tool in detecting changes in pH.
Answer: B) anaerobic conditions are unsuitable for most aquatic life.
Explanation:
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is crucial to the survival of pond life and each aquatic organism, has a specific requirement for oxygen. Some aquatic plants and algae, both use and add to the DO in the water; additionally, oxygen enters water by diffusing across its surface of water from the atmosphere- microbial and animal life also require significant amounts of Dissolved Oxygen. Anaerobic conditions, are devoid of oxygen, and may result in significant death in the pond community this could be prevented by using a DO meter to moniter the health of the pond.
Which digestive organ is the last organ food passes through before reaching your stomach?
a. pharynx
b. epiglottis
c. esophagus
d. mouth
The Esophagus is the last organ of the digestive system through which food passes through reaching your stomach. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
What is the Digestive system?The digestive system may be defined as a type of organ system that contains organs that are responsible for the breakdown of complex food substances into simpler ones that are efficiently utilized by the body in order to derive energy for metabolic purposes.
According to the context of this question, the esophagus is a long and thin tube that passes through the neck, thorax, and diaphragm and directs to a J-shaped muscular organ known as the stomach. A muscular sphincter also known as gastro-oesophageal controls the opening of the esophagus into the stomach.
Therefore, the Esophagus is the last organ of the digestive system through which food passes reaching your stomach. Thus, the correct option for this question is C.
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Plants do not adapt to their environment because they do not compete for resources.
true or false
Answer: False
Explanation: Plants adapt to the environment in which they are found so that they can survive in a better way.
The plant like cactus is adapted to live in the desert as it is suited to live there. The plants in the desert conditions have spiny leaves so as to reduce transpiration.
The plants that are found in the tundra regions have adaptation to live in the colder conditions.
Yes, plants do adapt to their environment in order to survive.
The Sahara desert is able to support large populations of grazing herbivores.
T F
Answer: The given statement is False.
Sahara desert is the largest hot desert present in the world. The central part is the driest region which receives less than 1 inch of annual rainfall. Other parts of Sahara receives upto 4 inches of annual rainfall. Moreover, the temperature reaches upto 134 degree Fahrenheit in the day time.
Due to this, it has very dry and harsh climatic conditions. No glassland exists under such harsh conditions. Therefore, grazing herbivores ( which feeds mainly on grasses) are not supported by this desert.
a student added an enzyme to a test tube containing a sample of DNA. after a period of time, analysis of the DNA sample indicated it was now broken into three segments. the purpose of the enzyme was most likely to
cut the dna at a specific location
Plants perform photosynthesis and respiration. Dead plants are broken down and become part of the soil. Which of the following matter do plants help to cycle through ecosystems?
The natural streaming of the cytoplasm that occurs within all cells is called
The three types of blood vessels are the arteries, veins, and capillaries. true false
Answer:
its true :)
Explanation:
can the cell cycle described for mitosis be applied to meiosis as well
The cell cycle that includes interphase can be associated with both mitosis and meiosis; however, meiosis has additional steps beyond mitotic division, resulting in four haploid, genetically unique daughter cells from a single round of DNA replication.
Explanation:Can the cell cycle described for mitosis be applied to meiosis as well? The answer is both yes and no. Both mitosis and meiosis involve stages of the cell cycle including interphase, which consists of the G1, S, and G2 phases, but the processes diverge significantly after this point. The mitotic phase includes mitosis and cytokinesis, which together ensure that two genetically identical daughter cells are formed from a single parent cell.
However, meiosis includes two rounds of nuclear division, leading to four genetically distinct haploid daughter cells. While some stages like prophase and telophase share similarities across both mitosis and meiosis, anaphase I in meiosis differs substantially from anaphase in mitosis.
It is important to note that though there are similarities in the cell cycles, meiosis has additional complexity. This is because of the need to halve the chromosome number and to ensure genetic diversity among the resulting cells. The meiosis process is vital for sexual reproduction in eukaryotic organisms and is carefully regulated to produce cells with the capability to fuse with one another, leading to the development of a new organism with a unique set of genes.
A significant loss of hearing associated with senescence is referred to as _____.
A gene with the sequence ATTCATTCA underwent duplication after a few generations. Which sequence represents this gene after the mutation?
A. ATTCATTCA
B. ACTTACTTA
C. ATTCACATTCA
D. ATCCATTCA
E. ATCATTCA
Answer:
C. ATTCACATTCA
Explanation:
Duplication mutation occurs when the whole nucleotide sequence of a gene or part of it is copied. Hence, a chromosome has more than one copy of a gene or part of it.
The given gene sequence is "ATTCATTCA". In option C, the nucleotides at position 4 and 5 are duplicated. This results in the final gene sequence as "ATTCACATTCA". The duplicated segment is shown by "CACA" in the final gene sequence.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
what challenges can species habitats present to estimating biodiversity
Estimating biodiversity is challenged by issues like habitat fragmentation, unreliable sampling in vast wilderness regions such as the Amazon, and difficulties in conservation of aquatic environments. Subjectively chosen indicator species can lead to inefficient use of resources. Prioritization based on irreplaceability, species vulnerability, and site vulnerability is critical.
Explanation:Estimating biodiversity in species habitats poses several challenges that complicate conservation efforts. One significant issue is the fragmented nature of habitats, which affects the identification of sites of global conservation significance. For example, large wilderness areas like the Amazon experience very low sampling density, making occurrence data unreliable and leading to omission errors. Devising large key biodiversity areas is crucial in such regions.
Another challenge is extending the key biodiversity areas approach to aquatic environments, where human threats are intense but species assessments are in their infancy. This hampers conservation planning due to difficulties in sampling density and delineation under water, comparable to those on land.
Moreover, selecting appropriate focal species groups as surrogates or indicators for biodiversity is often subjective and may lead to inefficiency in resource utilization. Conservation requires the prioritization of species and habitats based on irreplaceability, species vulnerability, and site vulnerability. Evaluating these criteria is essential for directing urgent conservation actions, particularly in the face of climate change and other anthropogenic pressures.
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Where is groundwater found?
A. In the zone of saturation
B. In a zone of impermeable rock
C. On Earth's surface
D. On the water table
Answer:
The answer is A. In the zone of saturation
Explanation:
Which part of the respiratory system is task to clean the air and channels it into the lungs through two large tubes called bronchi.
Please help, I need to have this done soon.
Upvotes for all answers
Which of the following kinds of cells perform basic functions such as obtaining energy from food?
a. Plant cells, but not animal cells
b. Animal cells, but not plant cells
c. Both plant cells and animal cells
d. Neither animal cells nor plant cells
what is the dependent variable in the experiment
Answer:
An experiment has two types of variables, dependent and independent.
Independent variable is decided by the person doing the experiment and can be changed at any time. Value of dependent variable depends on the independent variable and it is not under the control of the person conducting the experiment. As the value of independent variable changes, the value of dependent variable will also change according to the relationship between them.
Which is the biggest disadvantage of using unipotent cells for medical treatments?
A. They can make only their own type of cell.
B. They have a larger range of use.
C. They are usually not very healthy.
D. They are very susceptible to mutations.
Answer:
A. They can make only their own type of cell
Explanation:
If a nonsense mutation occurs in a person’s skin cells, the mutation cannot be inherited by offspring. True or False?
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
a. Energy is continuously cycled between the two processes.
b. They each occur in completely different organisms.
c. Both depends on ATP as a source of energy.
d. Materials produced in one process are used in the other.
Which of the following events represents a disruption in access to the energy source needed by an organism?
a. A weed is uprooted from the soil.
b. Oxygen is removed from the water in a fish bowl.
c. A cactus is moved from a sunny windowsill to a dark room.
d. The water bowl is removed from a hamster's cage.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option-
1. option-D
2. Option-C
Explanation:
The process of respiration and photosynthesis are correlated as the product of one process acts as the reactant of another process.
The carbon dioxide and water produced during the cellular respiration acts as the reactant of the photosynthesis process where they help in the formation of the glucose molecule.
Thus, option-D is the correct answer.
CASE II
Cactus requires sunlight to perform photosynthesis reaction to form a food molecule called glucose. If the cactus will be moved from the sunny windowsill to dark then it will not be able to perform photosynthesis.
This represents the case of the disruption in the access to the energy source and thus Option-C is the correct answer.
Crossing over percentages are converted to map units that indicate the physical distance between two genes on a chromosome.
True
False
In vertebrates with a double-loop circulation as illustrated in Figure 27–4, the loop that passes through the lungs is responsible for:
A. exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen from the air.
B. exchanging oxygen for carbon dioxide from the air.
C. delivering oxygen-rich blood to the body.
D. delivering oxygen-poor blood to the heart.
Answer:
A. exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen from the air.
Explanation:
In a double circulation, the blood circulates between the heart and lungs is known as a pulmonary circuit. This circuit transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery to the lungs. Gaseous exchanges happens within the lungs. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air within the alveoli and oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood.
What kingdom includes organisms credited for breaking down dead plants and animals into rich soil?
. John is jogging on a winter day. The outdoors temperature is 31 degrees F. Yet, his body temperature is 98 degrees F. What term best describes the process causing this difference in temperature? a) homeostasis b) pathophysiology c) fever d) hyperthyroidism
An estuary is _______.
a.
a freshwater biome
b.
an area with a low concentration of minerals and nutrients
c.
characterized by deep water
d.
an ecotone
Answer:
The correct answer is d. an ecotone
Explanation:
An ecotone is the area of transition between two different biomes so ecotone is the boundary between two different habitats. In this area, two different communities meet with each other for example estuary are water bodies that are found at the place where streams of rivers meet the sea.
Therefore at estuary two ecosystems and their community meet with each other and the transition of river in sea occurs in this area. So estuary is transition phase of fresh water biome to salt water biome therefore the right is d. an ecotone.
Final answer:
An estuary is an ecotone, a biome where fresh water from rivers mixes with salt water from the ocean, creating a unique, nutrient-rich environment that supports a variety of marine life.
Explanation:
An estuary is an ecotone, d. An estuary is a biome where a source of fresh water, commonly a river, meets the ocean, resulting in both fresh water and salt water mixing. This mixture yields diluted, brackish saltwater. Because of the continual mixing of these waters, estuaries are not characterized by deep water. Instead, they provide biologically productive and protected areas where many young offspring of various marine species, including crustaceans, mollusks, and fish, start their lives. The salinity in estuaries plays a significant role, fluctuating with the inflow of fresh water and the coming and going of tides, which influences the adaptations and types of organisms that can thrive here. Estuaries are neither solely freshwater biomes nor are they areas with low concentrations of minerals and nutrients; in fact, they are often nutrient-rich.
Which of the following does not happen when a cell divides?
a. the cell’s volume decreases.
b. it becomes easier for the cell to get rid of wastes.
c. each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell’s dna.
d. it becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.?
A red blood cell placed in pure water will
its burst you goobers
Which of the following is a use for a weather radar a. forecasting weather b. preventing precipitation c. measuring rainfall d. measuring temperature
Correct answer: A). Forecasting weather
A weather radar is an instrument that is used to locate precipitation, calculate its motion and determine the type i.e hail, snow or rain. It sends electromagnetic energy pulse into the atmosphere. If that pulse of energy interacts with something, then it reflects back the energy, which can be sensed by the weather radar.
Nowadays, most radar used are Doppler effect, which has dual polarization, it determines that movement is toward or away from the radar.
Hence, the correct answer would be option A.
Answer:
Answer A
Explanation:
What is one of the ways in which the skin cools the body?
creating extra keratin
decreasing the body's melanin
sending more collagen to the cells
dilating surface blood vessels
The cellular process in which materials are moved across a membrane from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration is called