Explanation:
Harvey W. Wiley, head of the FDA struggled against benzoic acid, saccharin, sulfites and bleached flour. He prevented the bleaching of flour and got the practice of bleaching flour banned in the US for a short time.
Flour bleaching is a chemical treatment that are added directly to the freshly-milled flour to produce whiter and finer-grain flour.
These bleaching agents are poisonous, powerful irritant and dangerous to inhale. Alloxan causes diabetes and creates greater risk to the public.
A person starts from one point and comes up with many different ideas or possabilities based on that point. The person is engaging in
a. functional thinking
b. circular thinking
c. convergent thinking
d. divergent thinking
Answer:
Divergent thinking
Explanation:
Divergent thinking is a method used generate creative ideas by exploring many possible solutions.
Comparing the academic performance of those whose scores are extremely low on intelligence tests with those whose scores are extremely high is an effective way to highlight the tests _______.a. standardization.b. heritability.c. reliability.d. validity.
Answer:
d. validity.
Explanation:
Validity: In psychology, the term validity is defined as the propensity of a test to measure, calculate, or estimate what the test is supposed to calculate. It refers to the judgment that is based on different types of pieces of evidence.
Types:
1. Face validity.
2. Criterion validity.
3. Content validity.
4. Construct validity.
In the question above, the given statement represents the validity.
During the preschool years, the two halves of the brain become more specialized in a process called __________________.a. homogeneityb. myelinationc. brain fusiond. lateralization
During the preschool years, the two halves of the brain become more specialized in a process called "Lateralization".
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
Lateralization of brain function is a tendency to orient brain’s one side to specific neuronal function or cognitive process. The human brain can be divided into two separate cerebral parts of the brain with an elongated slot connected by callosum.
Lateralization of the brain structure is based on basic trends that are reflected in healthy patients. Therefore, each person's brain develops differently, which leads to different lateralization of individuals. For example, each side of the brain seems to represent body’s one side. It is located on the same side of the cerebrum’s body, but is mainly the anterior component of the forebrain.
M completes an application for health insurance but does not pay the initial premium. All of these actions must occur before M's policy goes into effect EXCEPT
policy is delivered
free-look period has expired
insurance company issues policy
initial premium is collected
Answer:
All of these actions must occur before M's policy goes into effect except the expiry of the free-look period.
Explanation:
Soon after the application for the health insurance is submitted and accepted, the free-look period comes into effect. During this period, specifically, the buyer of the policy is not mandatorily required to pay the initial premium for the policy. This is the reason the period has been named as 'free-look period'. Hence, it can be said that M has not paid the initial premium because the free-look period has not expired yet.Before M's health insurance policy goes into effect, the policy must be issued, delivered, and the initial premium collected. The 'free-look period has expired' does not need to occur before the policy goes into effect, as this period actually comes into play after the policy starts.
Explanation:The question pertains to the events that must occur before an individual's health insurance policy becomes effective. When M completes an application for health insurance but does not pay the initial premium, there are certain steps that need to occur for the coverage to start. The policy must be issued by the insurance company, the policy has to be delivered to M, and typically, the initial premium must be collected. However, the choice 'free-look period has expired' does not need to occur before the policy goes into effect as the free-look period allows the policyholder to cancel the policy within a certain timeframe after the policy has started. Therefore, the expiration of the free-look period is not a prerequisite for the policy's effectiveness.
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A negative correlation between people's work-related stress and their marital happiness would indicate that: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices. a. less work-related stress has no relation to marital happiness. b. higher levels of marital happiness causes lower levels of work-related stress. c. more marital happiness is related to more work-related stress. d. higher levels of marital happiness are associated with lower levels of work-related stress.
Answer:
The answer is d.
Explanation:
Negative correlations are statistical relationships that go in opposite directions. In other words, they represent a less = more, or more = less relationship. In the example: less stress = more happiness.
It's important to recognise that correlation is NOT the same as causation, so answer b would be incorrect.
The Gestalt psychologists believed that breaking a "whole" perception into its building blocks, as advocated by the structuralists, would result in the loss of:
Answer:
Important psychological information
Explanation:
Since Gestalt perspective conceives the whole as something greater than the sums of its parts, they would reject building blocks of meanings :
The individual components cannot be deducted by isolating them, because the mind will often interpret the whole as single external stimuli.
The psychology of Gestalt bases on well-known principles that act simultaneously as phenomena of awareness and perception
The rules they called and organized into five categories: Proximity, Similarity, Continuity, Closure, and Connectedness.
Together they act and are referred to as the 'Law of Simplicity,' the mind will immediately perceive one or the other, as in the image below:
In Europe during the middle ages, who assumed control over children and their welfare before it was turned over to the Chancery Court?
Answer:
Land owners
Explanation:
In Europe, during the middle ages land owner assumed control and responsibility over children within their jurisdiction before that responsibility was turned over to the Chancery Court in 1660 with passage of the Tenure abolition act which took away the care of children from the feudal lords.
If you believe that people who excel in one area have the capacity to excel in other areas, then you agree with Spearman’s concept of__________-.
Answer:
general intelligence
Explanation:
general intelligence or simply g factor was a concept recognised by Charles spearman in 1904 in his study of intelligence. In his two-factor theory of intelligence, Spearmint was poised to understand the correlation or simply what made intelligent people intelligent. He developed the general intelligent concept however to explain his findings that excellent cognitive ability in one area is tantamount to excellent ability in other areas too.
In his annual convention speech, the founder of a medical research organization reminded all the employees of the importance of their work in finding a cure for pediatric diabetes. He praised them for their dedication and urged them to continue their work. Which management function did the founder perform in his speech?
Answer:
Leading
Explanation:
There are four distinct types of functions involved in the management process that is lead by all industries and it includes organizing, controlling, leading, and planning.
Leading: The term leading is defined as one of the important function of the management process which is being used by a resource person to influence the employees by motivating them to achieve or gain a particular organizational's goal.
In the question above, the management function used by the founder in his speech is 'leading'.
Davey looked at the big old elm and said, "That's a tree, mom" to his surprised mother. She praised him for knowing it, and he often told her that the elm was a tree. One day he said, "Hey mom, that is a tree too, isn't it?" and pointed to a giant oak. Again, she made a big fuss over his knowledge. After several more trees, Davey started referring to all big woody plants as "trees". What behavioral procedure did his mother use? ___________
Answer:
The answer is generalization training.
Explanation:
The process of generalization takes place when a person shows similar behaviours to the target behaviour, only in slight different ways or places. For example, teaching a child to use a spoon may also result in him learning to use a fork by himself.
In this passage, the mother uses positive reinforcement to teach Davey the main features of trees. Learning the characteristics of one tree also results in the recognition of other trees.
Cultural invisibility, a consequence of shared belief systems, frequently contributes to hidden movie meaning. Which of the following statements does NOT accurately characterize cultural invisibility?
a. It is often motivated by a commercial instinct.b. It is a way to unconsciously challenge viewers' shared belief systems.c. It is not always a calculated decision on the part of the filmmakers.d. It sometimes leads to viewers being unaware of the film's implied message.
Answer:
b.
Explanation:
Cultural Invisibility refers to when the cultural prejudices that are secretly hidden in the background of a movie go unnoticed by the audience. It can be said that the statement that does not accurately characterize cultural invisibility would be that It is a way to unconsciously challenge viewers' shared belief systems. Because in actuality filmakers add this in order to enforce the beliefs or worldviews of the average audience member.
Cultural invisibility in movies refers to hidden meanings based on shared belief systems, which often go unnoticed. The incorrect statement is 'It is a way to unconsciously challenge viewers' shared belief systems', as cultural invisibility generally does not challenge but assumes acceptance of these beliefs.
Explanation:Cultural invisibility in a movie context refers to the implications and meanings in movies that are hidden or subtle due to the shared belief systems of the audience. They are often missed or overlooked, contributing to a film's depth and appeal. Regarding the given options, the statement that doesn't accurately characterize cultural invisibility is: 'It is a way to unconsciously challenge viewers' shared belief systems'
This statement is inaccurate because cultural invisibility does not typically challenge belief systems but rather assumes their acceptance. It operates on the basis of unspoken or unnoticed agreement, as opposed to posing a challenge. Therefore, cultural invisibility isn't necessarily a tool for unconscious contentions against societal norms or beliefs, rather it often operates within these frameworks, leading to the deep and often unnoticed saturation of these ideas in the viewer's mind through the film's narrative.
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In the U.S. it is illegal as well as socially frowned upon to marry certain relatives. This is an example of a society that practices ________,
While trying to control aggressive behavior, a client asks an assertiveness training nurse to give an example of an "I statement." Which of the following statements is the best example of this assertive communication technique?A. "I would like to know why you came home late without calling me."B. "I hate it when you think you can just come home late without calling anyone to let them know where you are."C. "I feel angry when you come home late without calling."D. "I think you don't care about me, because if you did, you'd call me if you were planning on coming home late."
Answer:
C. "I feel angry when you come home late without calling."
Explanation:
Assertive communication technique is communication technique used to curb aggressive behavior. Here the nurse gives an example of a statement that isn't assertive such as the other options in the question, and therefore doesn't aggravate the anger of the patient. Here this technique is used to enable the patient express his ideas and feelings in an open and honest way whilst still respecting the rights of others, allowing him take responsibility without blaming immediately.
A researcher would like to determine the effect of caffeine on memory. Participants are randomly assigned to receive a caffeine pill or a sugar pill. Both groups complete a recall task that assesses their memory. However, even those who received the sugar pill had a small increase in memory. This is likely due to:a. The experimental effectb. The correlational approach to the studyc. The placebo effectd. The participants becoming smarter
Answer: (C) The placebo effect
Explanation:
The placebo effect is one of the type of treatment that is specifically designed for control all the therapeutic values and this effect is basically works on the various types of symptoms that is generated by our brain.
It includes the various types of procedures, inert injections and the tablets. The researcher utilized various types of placebo effect controlling system so that they can easily assess our memory.
According to the given question, the given situation is due to the placebo effect as they can easily determine the quantity of caffeine in the memory.
Therefore, Option (C) is correct.
According to the Guide, social animals should be housed in pairs or groups whenever possible. Which of the following is not a good justification for housing animals individually?
Answer:
Convenience of the research and husbandry staff
Explanation:
It is proper to house social animals nicely because the housing and management of their homes is important to the quality of research data to be gotten when the animals are used for teaching or testing programs.
Animals are properly kept and managed in order to obtain the right species-behaviors required and reduce stress-related behaviors.
Keeping of animals should not be for the convenience of the research staff. but for scientific and behavioral reasons also with an eye on associated health problems
Match each scenario with the skill the professional uses in the situation.
resourcefulness
research skills
listening skills
a math teacher reviewing and evaluating
different sources to prepare for a lesson
a doctor concentrating on a patient's
health complaints, making sure to pay
attention to the patient's voice and
body language
research skills - a math teacher reviewing and evaluating different sources to prepare for a lesson
listening skills - a doctor concentrating on a patient's health complaints, making sure to pay attention to the patient's voice and body language
resourcefulness - a designer
Answer:
research skills - a math teacher reviewing and evaluating different sources to prepare for a lesson
listening skills - a doctor concentrating on a patient's health complaints, making sure to pay attention to the patient's voice and body language
resourcefulness - a designer
Explanation:
Prisoner's Dilemma demonstrates that cooperation is not more advantageous than continuously trying to cooperate with others, at least when we will meet these others again.a) trueb) false
Answer:
false
Explanation:
The prisoners dilemma is a sort of dilemma relevant to the game theory and depicting the players paradox in decision analysis. It explains that players in protecting themselves may not come up with optimal decision since there was no cooperation among them. In other words, players in the bid to make rational choices in their self interest might end up harming themselves as a result of lack of cooperation.
a new claim stating that plaintiff owes defendant damages because of harm resulting from incident alleged in the complaint is called a) dissenting opinion b) affirmative defense?
Answer:
b) affirmative defense
Explanation:
An affirmative defense to a charge is a fact or set of facts other than those alleged by the plaintiff that if proven by the defendant may attract fines on the side of the plaintiff and may weaken the case that the plaintiff has.
Once a guest appeared on The Tonight Show, with former host Johnny Carson, and showed her collection of potato chips that resembled famous celebrities or historical figures. One example was a potato chip that was said to resemble Abraham Lincoln. In actuality, this guest was providing an example of:_______.
a. apoplexia.b. belief perseverance.c. the confirmation bias.d. patternicity.
Answer:
d. patternicity.
Explanation:
Patternicity: In psychology, the term patternicity is referred to as the propensity of an individual to explore meaningful patterns present in meaningless noise. According to scientists, researchers, or experimenters the term patternicity refers to an error in the cognition of human beings. An individual encounter a false positive or type I error while believing in something that is not being considered as real.
In the question above, the guest was providing an example of patternicity.
The guest on The Tonight Show was providing an example of patternicity, the tendency to perceive meaningful patterns or connections in random data.
Explanation:The guest on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson who showed her collection of potato chips resembling famous celebrities or historical figures was providing an example of patternicity. Patternicity is the tendency to perceive meaningful patterns or connections in random or unrelated data. In this case, the guest was attributing resemblance to famous people in the potato chips, even though it was likely just a coincidence.
Although she couldn't tell a woofer from a tweeter, Jacqueline had a great deal of power at Hear it Here Stereo Shop just because her family had owned the business for many years. What type of authority (power) does Jacqueline hold?
a. Enigmaticb. Traditional powerc. Rational-legal powerd. Charismatic power
Final answer:
Jacqueline has traditional authority in the stereo shop, which is based on long-standing customs and the fact that her family has owned the business for many years.
Explanation:
Jacqueline holds what is known as traditional authority. This type of authority is derived from longstanding customs and practices, like a family business being passed down through generations. Traditional authority doesn’t depend on the personal qualities, legal standings, or capabilities of the individual but rather on the established belief that there is legitimacy because it has always been that way. For example, like the monarchy where power is inherited, Jacqueline's position and power come from her family owning the business for many years, and that fact is respected and accepted by those in the business.
"The correct option is b. Traditional power. The most appropriate answer is that Jacqueline holds traditional power, as it is directly linked to the historical ownership of the business by her family.
Jacqueline's authority at Hear it Here Stereo Shop is derived from the fact that her family has owned the business for many years. This type of power is known as traditional power, which is based on established customs, beliefs, and practices that are accepted by the members of the society or organization. It is the power that comes from tradition, such as family ownership or long-standing social hierarchies.
Let's analyze the other options to understand why they are not the correct choice for Jacqueline's situation:
a. Enigmatic: This term is not typically associated with a type of authority or power. It refers to something that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand. This does not describe the source of Jacqueline's power.
c. Rational-legal power: This type of power is based on the belief in the legitimacy of rules and the right of those elevated to authority under such rules to issue commands. It is the power vested in individuals through their positions within an organization, as defined by the organization's rules and regulations. While Jacqueline may have some rational-legal power due to her position within the family business, the question specifically highlights the family's long-term ownership as the source of her power, which points more directly to traditional power.
d. Charismatic power: This type of power is based on the personal charm, magnetism, or appeal of an individual. Charismatic leaders inspire devotion and loyalty in their followers, but there is no indication in the question that Jacqueline's power is derived from her personal charisma.
Therefore, the most appropriate answer is that Jacqueline holds traditional power, as it is directly linked to the historical ownership of the business by her family."
Christopher is a 5-month-old American exposed solely to English. According to the research, which statement would we expect to be TRUE regarding his speech perception?
Answer:
The question is not complete, but I will be explaining one or two things here so that you will be able to tackle a similar question.
Explanation:
According to researches conducted by neuroscientists, it has been observed that children process language since birth( even since when they are in the womb).
According to the question, Christopher is a 5-month-old American and he is exposed solely to English language. If Christopher hears another different language, he would know that the new language is different what the normal(English) that he has been listening to for some times. Christopher would have been processing the information of the English language, so he will be able to know that he is now listening to a different language. Infants have some kind of ''phonetic stimuli' controlled by the Brain.
CONCLUSION: INFANTS ARE ABLE TO DIFFERENTIATE SOUNDS OF ANY LANGUAGE.
Which theories promote the view that the cells of the body can only duplicate a certain number of times and that the genetic instructions for running the body can be read only a certain number of times before they become illegible?
Answer:
genetic programming theories of aging
Sociologists applying a __________ framework to the study of consumerism would primarily focus on how the capitalist economy has shifted from industrial-based to information-based.
Answer: Postmodern
Explanation:
According to the given question, the postmodern framework is one of the type of method that is used for the studying the consumerism by using the critical thinking process of the business.
The main objective of the postmodern is that it focuses on the capitalist economy that is specifically shifted from the industrial to the information based.
In this basically used for describe about the various types of historical era and also the modernity of the consumerism. Therefore, Postmodern is the correct answer.
You are a first responder dispatched to a Hazardous Materials (HazMat) incident. You find evidence that the incident may be the result of criminal or terrorist activity. Who would you first notify?
Answer:
The correct answer is:
The incident commander
Explanation:
In this case, it would be necessary to notify in the first place to the incident commander who is the person responsible of analyzing the situation. This person must prioritize the following actions and should encourage the teams that need to intervene according to the specific situation.
In an attempt to lose some of the weight she gained from binge eating, Melissa uses laxatives and exercises until she is exhausted. Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of__________.
Answer: Bulimia nervosa
Explanation: Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge-eating followed by compensatory behavior.
Answer:
The answer is: Bulimia Nervosa
Explanation:
Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating, or the loss of control over eating, in which the person consumes large quantities of food. Binge eating episodes are usually followed by compensatory behaviors directed towards weight loss. The most common compensatory behavior in bulimia nervosa is self-induced vomiting; however the person can also exercise excessively and misuse laxatives, diet pills or diuretics. Therefore, Melissa most clearly demonstrates symptoms of bulimia nervosa.
"is the ability of a country's high court to invalidate laws the legislature and/or executive have enacted by declaring them unconstitutional"
Answer:
The second one
Explanation:
In some circumstances, materials that are being heated in the lab could catch fire. If a flammable substance in a beaker should catch fire while you are working but the flames are relatively contained, which method must never be used for extinguishing the flame?
Select one:
a. Turn off the heat source immediately, and use a watch glass to cover the beaker and minimize the oxygen around the flame.
b. Use water from the sink nearest the bench to douse the flames.
c. Use the chemical fire extinguisher located in the lab. Pull the pin, aim the nozzle into the beaker, and pull the lever.
Answer:
a. Turn off the heat source immediately, and use a watch glass to cover the beaker and minimize the oxygen around the flame.
Explanation:
To avoid any accident, prevention is important. It's necessary to achieve preventive awareness in all personnel and an Emergency and Evacuation Plan with routine practices. On the other hand, they must implement an Alarm and Detection System. Also, the presence of a portable fire fighting equipment (fire extinguishers)
Final answer:
Never use water to douse flames from a flammable substance in a beaker, as it can worsen the situation. Use a watch glass to cover the beaker, or a chemical fire extinguisher instead.
Explanation:
If a flammable substance in a beaker should catch fire while working in the lab, the method that must never be used for extinguishing the flame is b. Use water from the sink nearest the bench to douse the flames. Using water can cause the fire to spread or splash the flammable liquid, potentially making the situation more hazardous.
Instead, it's safer to follow other protocols such as turning off the heat source if applicable, covering the beaker with a watch glass to cut off oxygen and smother the flame, or using a chemical fire extinguisher designed for laboratory fires.
After learning about the mistreatment of animals at slaughterhouses, Laura has become a vegetarian. Her dislike for meat, which she once enjoyed, is an example of _____.
Answer:
Conditioned taste aversion
Explanation:
Conditioned taste aversion occurs when after some time a person suffers from any illness due to particular food. Classical conditioning work in this phenomena classical taste aversion. It works when you feel bad taste after eating a particular food.
When you eat a particular food and after eating that food you felt ill. This experience leads to a person's aversion taste for that particular food. We all instantly avoid that food which has an aversion taste. It is also seen in many research that the aversion of the particular food and illness does not occur simultaneously.
Laura's distaste for meat, which she once enjoyed, after learning about the mistreatment of animals, represents an attitude change. This is a psychological phenomenon where one's feelings or viewpoints about a subject change due to new information or experiences.
Explanation:After learning about the mistreatment of animals at slaughterhouses, Laura's resulting dislike for meat is an example of attitude change. This is a psychology concept referring to a change in a person's viewpoints or feelings towards a particular subject matter based upon new information or experiences. In this case, Laura's attitude towards eating meat changed after she learned of the inhumane treatment of animals in slaughterhouses. She changed her way of eating and turned vegetarian, demonstrating a significant attitude shift.
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As you enter the kitchen after school you can smell chocolate chip cookies baking. This scent causes you to salivate. Your salivation is best explained by
a. observational learning
b. habituation
c. operant conditioning
d. classical conditioning
The saliva formation with the stimulus of the chocolate smell has been type of classical conditioning. Thus, option D is correct.
The smell of the chocolate chips have been the stimulus that has been able to make a person salivate. This has been explained as with the presence of the neutral stimulus or the presence of the previous taste that has been recognized.
The recognition with the memory cells resulted in the response to the stimulus of the smell. This type of conditioning has been termed as classical conditioning. Thus, option D is correct.
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Final answer:
The salivation caused by the smell of chocolate chip cookies is best explained by classical conditioning, where one associates the smell (conditioned stimulus) with the experience of eating cookies (unconditioned stimulus), thus triggering salivation (conditioned response).
Explanation:
Your salivation upon smelling chocolate chip cookies can be best explained by classical conditioning ( option D ) . This learning process was famously demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov, who showed that dogs could learn to associate a bell (which was originally a neutral stimulus) with food, leading to salivation (which is an unconditioned response). Over time, the dogs began to salivate at the sound of the bell alone, making salivation a conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus of the bell. In your case, the smell of the cookies is like the bell in Pavlov's experiment; it is a conditioned stimulus that triggers the conditioned response of salivation because you have associated that smell with the enjoyable experience of eating cookies.
In the real world, you experience acquisition when you start to associate the smell of chocolate chip cookies (neutral stimulus) with the pleasure of eating them (unconditioned stimulus). This leads to salivation (unconditioned response). If you then consistently experience salivation (conditioned response) whenever you smell cookies, even before eating, this shows that classical conditioning has occurred.
Further learning principles like extinction and spontaneous recovery come into play if the conditioned response diminishes or re-emerges over time, depending on whether the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus, and then reintroduced after a pause, respectively.
This phenomenon is the brain's ability to change, especially during childhood, by reorganizing after damage or by building new pathways based on experience.