The Mughal–Persian Wars were a series of wars fought in the 17th and 18th centuries between the Safavids and Afsharid Empires of Persia, and the Mughal Empire, over what is now Afghanistan. The Mughals consolidated their control of what is today India and Pakistan in the 16th century, and gradually came into conflict with the powerful Safavids and Afsharids, led by Ismail I and Nader Shah respectively. Aside from Nader Shah's invasion of the Mughal Empire, most of the conflict between the two powers were limited to battles for control over Kandahar.[1]
Contents [hide] 1War of 1622–232War of 1649–533Nadir Shah's invasion of India4Battle of Karnal5See also6References and notesWar of 1622–23[edit]Main article: Mughal–Safavid War (1622–23)The Mughal–Safavid War of 1622–23 was fought over the important fortress city of Kandahar, in Afghanistan, between the Safavid empire of Persia and the Mughal empire of India. It resulted in a clear Persian victory.
Muhammad Ali Beg was the Persianambassador sent to the Mughal court of Jahangir by Abbas I of Persia, arriving in time for Muharram in March 1631. He remained there until October 1632, thus negotiating an end to the conflict between the Mughals and the Safavids.Having secured crushing victories against the Ottomans, Shah Abbas desired to capture the strategic fortress on Kandahar since he had lost it in 1595.[2] In 1605 the governor of Herat, Hosayn Khan, besieged the city but the tenacious defense of the Mughal governor, Shah Beg Khan, and the arrival in the next year of a relieving Mughal army to Kandahar forced the Safavids to retreat.[3][4] With the conclusion of the Ottoman-Safavid War (1603-1618), Shah Abbas was secure enough for a war on his eastern frontier,[2] so in 1621 he ordered an army to gather at Nishapur.[2] After celebrating the new year at Tabas Gilaki in southern Khorasan, Abbas joined with his army and marched on Kandahar where he arrived on 20 May and immediately began the siege.[2] Though Jahangir had information of the Persian's movements he was too slow to respond,[2] and without reinforcements the small garrison of 3,000 men could not hold for long against the superior Persian army.[5]
The Emperor asked his son and heir apparent Khurram who was at Mandu in the Deccan to lead the campaign, but Khurram evaded the assignment fearing to lose his political power while he was away from court.[6] The relief force the Mughal's could assembled proved too small to raise the siege,[4] so after a 45-day siege the city fell on 22 June followed shortly after by Zamindawar.[7] After fortifying the city and appointing Ganj Ali Khan as governor of the city,[3] Abbas returned to Khorasan via Ghur, subduing on the way troubling emirs in Chaghcharan and Gharjistan.[8] The rebellion of Khurram absorbed the Mughal's attention, so in the spring of 1623 a Mughal envoy arrived at the Shah's camp with a letter from the Emperor accepting the loss of Kandahar and putting an end to the conflict.[9]
War of 1649–53[edit]Main article: Mughal–Safavid War (1649–53)The Mughal–Safavid War of 1649-53 was fought between the Mughal and Safavid empires in the territory of modern Afghanistan. The war began after a Persian army, while the Mughals were at war with the Janid Uzbeks, captured the fortress city of Kandahar and other strategic cities that controlled the region. The Mughals attempted unsuccessfully to regain the city from the Persians,What links hereRelated changesUpload fileSpecial pagesPermanent linkPage informationWikidata itemCite this page
The Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia was a small victory for the Cherokee Nation in Georgia because it
A) struck down laws created by the Georgia legislature to seize Cherokee lands.
B) ruled that the U.S. government’s Indian Removal Act was unconstitutional.
C) established the Indian Territory east of the Mississippi in present-day Oklahoma.
D) declared that the U.S. government would honor the Cherokee Nation’s constitution.
Answer: A) struck down laws created by the Georgia legislature to seize Cherokee lands.
Worcester v. Georgia (1832) was a significant victory for the Cherokee Nation in Georgia in the antebellum period. In this case, the Supreme Court of the United States held that a Georgia statute which prohibited non-natives from being present on Native American land without a license was unconstitutional. It argued that the Cherokee could be understood as another nation, and the United States did not have the right to control the land or possessions of other nations at will. Moreover, the responsibility of dealing with foreign nations was held by the federal government, not by the states. The case built the foundations of tribal sovereignty in the United States.
Struck down laws created by the Georgia legislature to seize Cherokee lands.
Further Explanation:
Worcester v. Georgia was the case of 1832 of the US Supreme Court. The Supreme Court Renounce the conviction of Worcester. Supreme Court also held that any land of America without the license by the state to be considered as unconstitutional. It built up doctrine of tribal sovereignty. The ruling laid out a strong relationship between the Indian nations and the USA. John Marshall said that the character of the USA government is federal. Indian states would not be given any authority in the American Indian affairs. Thus Georgia statute is unconstitutional. The ruling was given to avoid the political conflict of the court and the executive. The ruling had ordered for Worcester to be free and they complied to the order several months later. Later in 1833 the new governor Wilson Lumpkin gave the order to pardon Worcester if they stop their activities in the Cherokee. Worcester and Butler complied to the order and they both were set free. Worcester came to the Indian Territory when Cherokee removal was on trial in 1836. Worcester joined his ministry back and translated the bible backing to Cherokee. The first printing press was established in the USA that worked with Cherokee for publishing the newspaper. There are several treaties between the USA government and the Cherokee.
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1. Compare and contrast lifestyle choices that positively affect physical fitness with those that negatively affect physical fitness.
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2. Discuss why a physically active job does not guarantee better physical fitness.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Chapter: Supreme Court case Worcester v. Georgia
Subject: Social Science
Keywords: Conviction, license, unconstitutional, American Indian affairs, political conflict, new governor, Wilson Lumpkin, first printing press.
Describe characteristics found in stars in Milky Way galaxy including:brightness,size,or appearance in relation to distance.
Stars in the Milky Way vary in brightness and size. Their appearance changes with distance.
Explanation:Characteristics of stars in the Milky Way galaxy:Brightness: Stars in the Milky Way vary in brightness, with some being very bright and others being dim.Size: Stars in the Milky Way can vary greatly in size. They can range from small, compact stars to large, massive stars.Appearance in relation to distance: Stars in the Milky Way appear smaller and dimmer as their distance from Earth increases. This is due to the inverse square law, which states that the brightness of a star decreases as the square of its distance from the observer increases.Learn more about Characteristics of stars in the Milky Way here:https://brainly.com/question/33484746
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Which of the following is an example of homeostasis? photosynthesis sweating metamorphosis mitosis
The correct answer is B. Sweating
Explanation:
Homeostasis involves processes in living organisms that aim at preserving stable internal conditions, this includes temperature regulation, fluids regulation, glucose, and energy levels, among others. Sweating or perspiration is an example of homeostasis because this mechanism allows mammals to regulate their temperature (thermoregulation). Due to this, in hot weather or conditions humans and other mammals sweat which has a cooling effect on the body and therefore, keeps the temperature stable as part of homeostasis.
who of the following was not a European religious reformer
a. Luther
b. Calvin
c. Robertson
The correct answer is option C. The European religious reformer Robertson.
Martin Luther and John Calvin were prominent European religious reformers during the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century.
Martin Luther, a German monk, initiated the Reformation with his criticism of certain practices of the Catholic Church, leading to the formation of Lutheranism. John Calvin, a French theologian, further developed Protestant theology and established Calvinism.There is no well-known European religious reformer named "Robertson" associated with the Protestant Reformation.Therefore, option c. Robertson is the correct answer as he does not fit the historical context of European religious reformers during that period.
The complete question is
who of the following was not a European religious reformer
a. Luther
b. Calvin
c. Robertson
d. None
who was upset about Abraham Lincoln winning election in 1860 north or south and why
The South was upset about Abraham Lincoln winning the election in 1860. This is because Lincoln was a Republican candidate who opposed the expansion of slavery into the Western territories. The Southern states heavily relied on slave labor for their economy, and they feared that Lincoln's election would threaten their way of life.
The South believed that Lincoln's victory would lead to the eventual abolition of slavery, which they saw as a direct attack on their property rights and social structure. They were concerned that Lincoln's administration would pass laws restricting or banning slavery, which would undermine their economic system and way of life.
Furthermore, the Southern states were also concerned about their representation in the government. With Lincoln as president, they believed that their interests would not be adequately represented, as he was seen as favoring the Northern states. This further fueled their resentment towards his election.
As a result of their opposition to Lincoln's presidency, many Southern states decided to secede from the Union and form the Confederate States of America. This ultimately led to the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865.
In summary, the South was upset about Abraham Lincoln winning the election in 1860 because they feared his opposition to slavery would threaten their economy and way of life. They also believed that their interests would not be adequately represented under his presidency, which led to their decision to secede from the Union.
The Causes of World War I were: Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, and Nationalism. Which one of these was the biggest contributor to the start of the war? Please answer in 3-4 sentences, and explain.
Samuel Slater negative impact
Samuel Slater had a negative impact on the British textile industry by bringing the plans for English textile mills to the United States and establishing the first successful water-powered cotton mill in Pawtucket, Massachusetts.
Explanation:Samuel Slater had a negative impact on the textile industry in Britain because he brought the plans for English textile mills to the United States. This led to the establishment of the first successful water-powered cotton mill in Pawtucket, Massachusetts, which competed with and affected the British textile industry. The success of Slater's mills and the subsequent establishment of more mills in New England led to a decline in the British textile industry.
hypothesize the reasons that the Anti-Federalists feared too much power resting with the central government
Final answer:
The Anti-Federalists feared a centralized government as outlined in the Constitution, believing it could threaten civil liberties and evolve into a monarchy-like system, infringing on states' rights and individual freedoms.
Explanation:
The Anti-Federalists expressed concerns about the potential for a centralized national government to assume excessive power, drawing parallels to monarchical systems which they feared could threaten civil liberties. Voicing a preference for state governments, they argued these smaller entities allowed for greater public debate and citizen influence over state and national policies. Significant opposition among the Anti-Federalists targeted the Constitution's articles which seemed to endow the central authority with overarching powers. For instance, they found the 'necessary and proper' clause to be overly broad, creating an avenue for unchecked federal power. The combined powers of the president and Senate to negotiate treaties without direct electoral mandate also induced apprehension, potentially compromising specific states or regions.
The Anti-Federalists' worldview was rooted in a desire for a government that was closer and more accountable to the people, mirroring the characteristics of the state governments at the time. Their fears were not just speculative; they saw potential for real harm in features such as the supremacy clause, which could undermine state authority and concentrate power in a federal structure. Figures like Patrick Henry and Melancton Smith articulated a common belief among Anti-Federalists that a strong central government would ultimately lead to a political aristocracy that served the interests of the elite, to the detriment of the average citizen.
what are the old, middle, and new, egyption kingdoms
The Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms are periods in Ancient Egyptian history noted for their cultural, political stability, and architectural achievements. These periods are separated by Intermediate Periods, which were times of chaos and disunity. Notable constructions such as the pyramids were built during these times, particularly in the Old Kingdom.
Explanation:Ancient Egyptian History: The Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms
In ancient Egyptian history, the periods known as the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom, and New Kingdom represent the three peaks of Egyptian civilization. These periods were characterized by strong central government, social stability, and monumental architecture including the construction of pyramids, particularly during the Old Kingdom.
The Old Kingdom (2680-2200 BCE) was a time of political stability and cultural flourishing in Egypt. It was followed by a period of relative decline called the First Intermediate Period. The Old Kingdom is often called "the Age of the Pyramids" due to the prolific construction of these monumental structures, including the famous Step Pyramid created under King Djoser.
The Middle Kingdom (2040-1720 BCE) followed after the chaos of the First Intermediate Period. It was a time when rulers presented themselves not only as divine but also as shepherds of their people, indicating a shift in the conception of kingship. The Middle Kingdom saw a rise in the influence of nobility and a spread of Egyptian culture.
The New Kingdom (1550-1150 BCE) emerged after the Second Intermediate Period, ushering in an era of unprecedented prosperity and territorial expansion, including the reigns of powerful pharaohs such as Hatshepsut and Tutankhamun. This period is marked by the zenith of Egyptian power and cultural achievement.
These periods were separated by Intermediate Periods marked by political fragmentation and potential foreign rule. The concept of these distinct historical periods was first recorded by Manetho, an Egyptian priest, around 300 BCE.
how has mexico's culture been shaped by cooperation among different people?
List three things that all cells have in common.
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what does petition mean
is a family primary or secondary?
is friends in an office primary or secondary?
is fellow employees primary or secondary?
is a church primary or secondary?
is the people of a community primary or secondary?
Primary groups are small with strong emotional bonds, while secondary groups are larger and more impersonal. A church can be either primary or secondary depending on the nature of its interactions, and the people of a community are typically considered secondary.
Explanation:Primary and secondary groups are terms often used in sociology to describe different types of social groups. Primary groups are typically small, made up of individuals who have strong emotional bonds with each other and engage in face-to-face interactions. Examples of primary groups include families and close friends. On the other hand, secondary groups are larger and more impersonal, focused on achieving specific goals rather than emotional connections. Examples of secondary groups include classmates, coworkers, and fellow employees. A church can be considered a primary group if the members have close emotional ties and engage in regular face-to-face interactions, but if the church is more of a large, impersonal organization focused on worship and religious activities, it would be classified as a secondary group. Lastly, the people of a community can be considered a secondary group as their interactions are usually more goal-oriented and less emotionally connected.
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Compare and Contrast the parables of The Prodigal Son and The Good Samaritan. (Luke 15:11-24 and Luke 10:25-37)
The Prodigal Son and The Good Samaritan are both parables in the book of Luke that teach important moral lessons about forgiveness and compassion.
Explanation:The parables of The Prodigal Son and The Good Samaritan are both found in the book of Luke in the New Testament of the Bible. Although they have different focus and settings, they both convey important moral lessons. The Prodigal Son parable teaches about forgiveness and redemption while The Good Samaritan parable teaches about compassion and the importance of helping others.
In The Prodigal Son, a young man asks his father for his inheritance and squanders it on reckless living. He eventually realizes his mistake and returns home, where his father welcomes him with open arms. This parable emphasizes the idea of forgiveness and second chances.
In contrast, The Good Samaritan tells the story of a man who is robbed, beaten, and left for dead on the side of the road. Several people pass by, but it is a Samaritan, someone who would typically be seen as an enemy, who stops to help. This parable teaches about the importance of compassion and the idea that everyone is our neighbor and deserves our help.
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Why would someone have a bias in telling a story? they have a particular motivation or agenda they want to tell the story they want to be popular they have a desire to make money
"they have a particular motivation"
What happened to the airplane industry in the months after 9/11?
how did Athenians live a more varied lifestyle than Spartans?
Can someone answer these questions... for this article
1. What is this article about?
2. What event takes place in this article?
3. Where did this event take place?
This is the article: A deadlocked Supreme Court has effectively squashed any chance of significant immigration reform before President Obama leaves office in January. On June 23, a 4–4 vote by the justices left in place an injunction blocking Obama’s plan to shield from deportation millions of undocumented immigrants whose children are U.S. citizens or legal residents. The plan would also have allowed those immigrants to apply for work permits. The court’s decision returned the issue to U.S. District Judge Andrew Hanen, who in February blocked the program from going into effect nationwide while he considers a challenge from 26 states led by Texas, which objects to paying associated costs.
The estimated 3.6 million undocumented immigrants who would have qualified under the program, known as Deferred Action for Parents of Americans, remain in limbo. So do their employers. Business groups submitted two amicus briefs in support of DAPA to the Supreme Court.
Bob Donegan, president of the Seattle-based restaurant chain Ivar’s, joined one of the briefs. When he began using the government’s E-Verify system to check employee's’ immigration status in 2014, Donegan learned that 109 of his 1,200 workers were undocumented. “There were people who had worked for us for 20 years,” he says. “These people are great employees. We know their kids. We know their parents. It is not fair for these people not to be included in having the right to work.” He let them go but offered to cover their lawyers’ fees if they applied for residency. Nine have since gained legal status and come back to Ivar’s. Says Donegan: “Every one of the nine has been promoted into a management job, and we have another 30 pending.”
The Obama administration has until late July to petition the court for a rehearing, but it hasn’t indicated whether it will. Hanen has scheduled a status conference with lawyers for Aug. 22, after which he’s expected to set a timetable for hearing the case in his Brownsville, Texas, courtroom. That will open the next phase of wrangling over the fate of about a third of the estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants in the U.S.
Congress has spent more than a decade debating immigration reform. It has repeatedly failed to pass legislation and has showed no appetite to try again before the November election.
No one expects the Obama administration to succeed in persuading Hanen to let DAPA proceed. The judge, an appointee of President George W. Bush, has sparred with Justice Department lawyers, even barring some from representing the government in this case. He’s said he may order Justice Department attorneys making court appearances in any of the states that are part of the DAPA lawsuit to take mandatory ethics classes. Hanen has also indicated he may force the federal government to hand over the names, addresses, and other contact information for thousands of people who signed up for an earlier Obama program, Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals.
Answer:
This article is about the parents of DACA children who would have, under the proposed policy, be eligible to some protections so they could stay in the United States.
The event took place in Washington DC at the Supreme Court.
The event was a vote by the Justices of the Supreme Court on June 23 during the last summer of Obama's administration.
Explanation:
This article details the deadlock in the U.S. Supreme Court which resulted in President Obama's proposed immigration reforms being blocked, affecting millions of undocumented immigrants and their families, as well as having wide-reaching implications for businesses.
The article discusses a significant legal event concerning immigration policy in the United States. It focuses on a deadlocked decision by the Supreme Court regarding President Obama's immigration reform intended to protect millions of undocumented immigrants from deportation through the Deferred Action for Parents of Americans (DAPA) program. The tie in the Supreme Court vote maintained a lower court's injunction, leaving these immigrants and their families in limbo. Further, the article explores the broader implications of this standstill on businesses and the potential consideration of the case by U.S. District Judge Andrew Hanen.
describe the ideas, experiences, and interactions that influenced the colonists' decisions to declare independence as well as the consequences of the American Revolution
Which is a basic belief of Judaism? A.God's laws change all the time. B.God knows all things. C. Art and culture are not necessary. D.To reach heaven, the poor must serve God.
Answer:
The correct answer is B. God knows all things.
Explanation:
Three beliefs are referring to Judaism. They are Monotheism, Identity, and covenant. There are also some significant teachings related to Judaism, one of them is the existence of one God, who wants that people can do things according to what is just as well as compassionate. Another important aspect is that a person can serve God through the learning of holy books and applying what the books teach.
Judaism shows that people must be treated with dignity and respect and it also shows that people are made according to god's image. This god is Yahweh.
Which social class in Spanish colonial society were of mixed Spanish and Native American descent and worked on farms and ranches. A) Peninsulares B) mestizos C) Native Americans D) Creoles
The mestizos, people of mixed Spanish and Native American descent, commonly worked on farms and ranches in the Spanish colonial society.
Explanation:The social class in Spanish colonial society that were of mixed Spanish and Native American descent who typically worked on farms and ranches were the B) mestizos. This social and racial classification started during the Spanish colonial period. Mestizo is a term traditionally used in Latin America for people of mixed European and Indigenous American heritage. Despite facing discrimination, they played a key role in the pastoral economy of the colonies, often working as small-scale farmers or ranchers.
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Which of the following does NOT describe the great compromise
Why was John White especially affected by the disappearance of the settlers of Roanoke? A. White was originally the governor of the Roanoke colony.B. White’s daughter and granddaughter were both members of the settlement.C. It had been White’s decision to wait longer before returning to the colony.D. White had signed a treaty with the local American Indians who then betrayed them.
Ionic Bonds are formed when oppositely charged ions attract; electrons are transferred. True or False ?
Where are most of Peru's cities and factories located?
Final answer:
Most of Peru's cities and factories are primarily located in coastal areas, with Lima being the core of economic activity due to its historical extraction wealth. Tourism, particularly to sites like Machu Picchu, contributes significantly to the economy, and cities such as Potosí in Bolivia are also economically important due to their mineral wealth.
Explanation:
The majority of Peru's cities and factories are located in the coastal regions, primarily around the capital city of Lima, which is also the economic heartland of the country. Lima's significance can be traced back to the wealth generated from gold and silver mined in the Andes during the time of the Inca Empire and subsequently exploited by Spanish conquistadors and various international corporations.
The economic geography of Peru continues to be influenced by the country's ability to export valuable commodities globally, including minerals and agricultural products. While this has led to the development of coastal areas, other regions have also seen economic growth, such as the high-elevation city of Potosí, Bolivia, known for its rich silver mines.
Tourism is also a significant industry in Peru, with ancient Incan and Pre-Incan sites such as Machu Picchu attracting millions of foreign tourists. Bolivia and Ecuador also offer their own unique attractions, such as the Galapagos Islands and various ancient pre-Inca sites that have become tourism destinations. These economic activities are spread across the country, but a concentration of urban development and industry remains along the coast, making the region particularly important for both national and international economic interaction.
One of the major conflicts between northern and southern states in the writing of the new Constitution centered on
Answer:
Slavery.Explanation:
Northern interest was against the expansion of slavery, that didn't implied that they didn't wanted to happen, just they wanted to stay in the South.
On the other hand, Southern wanted to finish slavery, because this region was the most affected in this social phenomenon, but was a difficult policy, even when was ''finished'', African American people was inside a new slavery system.
Early civilizations in Egypt, India, and China all share which common trait?
15 POINTS!
Which political party advocated states’ rights over federal authority?
-Republican Party
-Democratic-Republican Party
-Democratic Party
-Federalist Party
Constitutional Convention delegates voted to work toward a new national government based on the
a. New Jersey Plan.
b. New York Plan.
c. Northwest Territory Plan.
d. Virginia Plan.
The Constitutional Convention delegates voted to base the new national government on the Virginia Plan. D is correct.
The Constitutional Convention delegates voted to work toward a new national government based on the Virginia Plan. This plan proposed a bicameral legislature with representation based on population, favoring large population states.
The Virginia Plan was a proposal for the structure of the United States government put forward during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. It was primarily drafted by James Madison, but its presentation to the Convention was made by Edmund Randolph, the Governor of Virginia at that time. The Virginia Plan was significant because it laid the groundwork for the eventual creation of the U.S. Constitution.
The founding of the Virginia House of Burgesses was similar to the signing of the Mayflower Compact because both
1. Strengthened the English Parliament's control over the colonies
2. Gave settlers the right to establish colonies
3. Contributed to the development of representative democracy (like the United States has)
4. Created elected legislatures.