Hydrogen bonds are responsible for the cohesiveness of water molecules. Cohesiveness is the tendency of molecules of a substance to stick together. In water, the molecules are held together by hydrogen bonds.
Hydrogen bonds are weak chemical bonds that form between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the oxygen atom of another water molecule.
The hydrogen bonds between water molecules are very weak, but they are very numerous. This means that a large number of water molecules are held together by these weak bonds, which gives water its cohesiveness.
The cohesiveness of water is a very important property that has many implications for the physical world.
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The equation below represents a summary of a biological process
carbon dioxide+water--->glucose+water+oxygen
This process is completed in
1.) Mitochondria
2.) Ribosomes
3.)Cell Membranes
4.) Chloroplasts
The equation represents photosynthesis, a process in which chloroplasts of plant and algal cells convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen using sunlight energy.
The equation, carbon dioxide + water ---> glucose + water + oxygen, represents the process of photosynthesis. This biological process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant and algal cells. During photosynthesis, chloroplasts use the energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Glucose serves as a vital source of energy and a building block for plant biomass, while oxygen is released as a by-product, playing an essential role in maintaining life on Earth by supporting aerobic respiration in animals.
DNA is aspiral ladder shaped structure with the sides of the ladder representing which components
The sides of the DNA ladder are represented by the sugar-phosphate backbone.
The structure of DNA, as discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick, is often described as a double helix, which can be visualized as a twisted ladder or spiral staircase.
The sides of this ladder are composed of alternating sugar and phosphate groups, which form the backbone of the DNA molecule. Each sugar (deoxyribose) is linked to a phosphate group, and these sugar-phosphate chains run in opposite directions on the two strands of the DNA double helix.
The rungs of the ladder are formed by pairs of nitrogenous bases that bridge the two sugar-phosphate backbones.
These bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). Adenine always pairs with thymine, and cytosine always pairs with guanine, through hydrogen bonds. These specific base pairs are crucial for the replication and expression of genetic information.
In summary, the sides of the DNA ladder, which give the molecule its structural integrity, are made up of the sugar-phosphate backbone, while the rungs are composed of the nitrogenous base pairs.
Many of the biochemical reactions that occur within your cells are catalyzed by enzymes. Which of the following statements is true about most enzyme-assisted reactions? A) They can take place only within a ribosome. B) They occur more quickly than reactions without enzymes. C) Enzymes are quickly used up during the reactions. D) They can take place at any temperature or pH.
Enzyme-assisted reactions occur more quickly than those without enzymes because they lower the activation energy needed for the reactions, are not consumed in the process, and are reused multiple times. Therefore the correct answer is option b.
Explanation:Many of the biochemical reactions that occur within your cells are catalyzed by enzymes. The true statement about most enzyme-assisted reactions is that B) They occur more quickly than reactions without enzymes. Enzymes function as biological catalysts, significantly lowering the amount of activation energy needed, which in turn speeds up reactions. Contrary to taking place exclusively within ribosomes or being quickly used up during reactions, enzymes are not consumed and can act upon substrates multiple times. However, enzymatic reactions are very sensitive to their environment and do not take place effectively at any temperature or pH, as they have optimal conditions in which they function best.
Why do the cells in all living things need energy?
A.
to fuel their chemical reactions
B.
to help them decompose
C.
to communicate with other cells
D.
so they can block sunlight
Winds move in a _____ direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in a _____ direction in the Southern Hemisphere because of the Coriolis effect.
counterclockwise, clockwise
clockwise, counterclockwise
polar, equatorial
equatorial, polar
Answer:
The correct option is counterclockwise, clockwise
Explanation:
Hello ! Let's solve this!
The coriolis effect causes that an object that moves in a system that moves, produces an additional acceleration.
The coriolis effect is a force that makes the wind in the northern hemisphere counterclockwise.
In the southern hemisphere, the wind will be hourly.
The correct option is counterclockwise, clockwise
Which technique could be used to determine the relative number of bases in fragments taken from a sample of DNA
Gel Electrophoresis, Chain-Termination Sequencing, and RFLPs are techniques used to analyze DNA fragments and determine the relative number of bases.
Gel Electrophoresis: Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate nucleic acid fragments based on size.
Chain-Termination Sequencing: This technique sequences DNA fragments by incorporating di deoxy nucleotides, allowing for the determination of the relative ordering of bases.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs): These unique patterns of DNA fragments are used to determine the relative number of bases in fragments obtained from DNA samples.
What role does cellular respiration play in the water cycle?
It removes H2O from the atmosphere during glycolysis.
It removes H2O from the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.
It releases H2O to the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.
It releases H2O to the atmosphere during electron transport.
The right answer is It releases H2O to the atmosphere during electron transport.
Respiration was defined following Lavoisier's work as a mode of gaseous exchange by which a living being releases carbon dioxide in exchange for an absorption of oxygen.
It is usually the oxygen of the air that intervenes: activated, it will combine with protons to form the metabolic water excreted during breathing in the atmosphere.
A student takes notes in class as shown below.
A.
Uses an objective process
Is updated constantly
B.
Is not objective
Does not use a process
Resists new information
Which are the best titles for A and B?
A: “Science”; B: “Pseudoscience”
A: “Pseudoscience”; B: “Science”
A: “Characteristics of Science”; B: “Limitations of Science”
A: “Limitations of Science”; B: “Characteristics of Science”
A: “Science”; B: “Pseudoscience”
Explanation;Science is a body of knowledge and the process of acquiring new knowledge, using scientific processes. Science uses objective processes and is updated constantly, when new ideas or information is discovered. Pseudoscience on the other hand, does not follow scientific processes. It is a practice or a belief that claims to be science, but does not follow specific criteria, that is ,an objective processes.Science is defined by criteria, which include, experimentation, replication of results, and peer review. Therefore, pseudoscience are beliefs and claims that do not meet such criteria.The orbital radius of Venus is 0.72 AU what is the distance in kilometers?
"The diagram shows the inside of a eukaryotic cell.
Which process occurs in the structures that are labeled X?
lactic acid fermentation
alcohol fermentation
glycolysis
Krebs cycle"
explain how electromagnetic radiation helps scientists study the universe.
Answer:
The answer is: Electromagnetic radiation helps scientists to study the universe through detectors and the cosmic microwave background.
Explanation:
The most important electromagnetic radiation is the one that comes from the Sun. It is the one that we can measure more accurately. It is very important to have detectors to be able to deepen the knowledge of the Sun and the surrounding atmosphere and how they influence the environment in which they are immersed.
Within the electromagnetic radiation is the "Cosmic microwave background", a background of light in the spectrum from which it comes from all directions, has a very low energy, has no impact on everyday life. Today it is known that it is a reflection of how the Universe was born, what happened after the Big Bang, which started in a very hot spot and expanded very quickly, gradually cooling.
The answer is: Electromagnetic radiation helps scientists to study the universe through detectors and the cosmic microwave background.
Grazing cows disturb the grass and cause insects to fly around the cows as they eat. In turn, birds swoop in and eat the insects. This type of feeding relationship is an example of A) commensalism. B) mutualism. C) parasitism. D) predation.
What must happen before a chemical reaction can begin?
Answer:
The correct answer is that the activation energy must be reached.
Explanation:
In order to start a chemical reaction, energy is needed. A certain amount of energy is needed in order to get started. This energy is termed as activation energy. A reaction would not take place unless the molecules or atoms of reactants come together. This takes place only when the particles are in motion, and for motion, energy is required.
The reactants have to overcome forces, which push them away from each other, and the bonds present in the reactants are needed to get dissociated, for both these purpose energy is required. Thus, before the beginning of a chemical reaction, the activation energy must be reached.
mitochondria and chloroplastsare two types of what
Suppose that a when a cell phone store charges 16$ for a car charger, it sells 92 units. When it drops the price to 15$ it sells 96 units. Assume that demand is a linear function of price.
If each phone charger costs 1$ to make, what price should the store charge to maximize its profit?
If x is the number of times the price is reduced by one dollar.
Find a function for total profit with respect to x. A negative value for x will mean the price is increased. ...?
Final answer:
To maximize profit, determine the optimal price by comparing revenues and costs. The function for total profit with respect to x can be expressed as Profit = (P-1)*Q - 1*Q.
Explanation:
Determine the optimal price:
Calculate the revenues at each price point ($16 and $15).
Find the profit by subtracting the cost of production from the revenue generated.
Identify the price that yields the highest profit.
Function for total profit with respect to x: Profit = (P-1)*Q - 1*Q, where P is the price, Q is the quantity sold, and x represents how many times the price is reduced by one dollar.
List all the ways that a single tree may be involved in the carbon cycle.
Answer:
A tree can be involved in the carbon cycle as follows:
-Photosynthesis: energy from the Sun to convert CO2 into carbohydrates and oxygen
-Respiration: convert carbohydrates and oxygen to produce energy
-If the tree dies: oxygen use and CO2 release
Explanation:
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. Its quantity is controlled by the carbon cycle. The first step of the carbon cycle is photosynthesis and respiration in plants, through the following chemical reaction:
CO2 + H2O + energy «CH2O (carbohydrates) + O2
In the day, plants use the sun's energy to transform CO2 plus water into carbohydrates and oxygen, known as photosynthesis. At night, they use carbohydrates plus oxygen to generate energy, called breathing. If the plants burn or die and decompose, the reaction takes the path on the left; use of oxygen and CO2 release. If organic matter (dead trees) is deposited in sediments, CO2 that belongs to the atmosphere is stored
Final answer:
Trees participate in the carbon cycle through photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon storage, significantly influencing climate by regulating atmospheric CO₂. Human activities, such as deforestation, further impact this cycle and climate change.
Explanation:
Trees play a crucial role in the carbon cycle, a fundamental process vital for life on Earth. They are involved in several key processes:
Photosynthesis: Trees absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the atmosphere and use sunlight to convert it into organic compounds like glucose, thereby storing carbon in their biomass.Respiration: Trees release CO₂ back into the atmosphere as a byproduct of converting stored energy in biomass back into energy they can use.Decomposition: When trees die, decomposers break down the organic compounds in the tree, releasing CO₂ back into the atmosphere.Carbon Storage: Trees lock away carbon in their biomass over their lifetimes, reducing atmospheric CO₂ and mitigating the greenhouse effect and climate change.Additionally, human activities like deforestation and burning fossil fuels impact the natural balance of the carbon cycle by increasing atmospheric CO₂ levels, driving climate change.
If all of the offspring of a particular cross have the genotype Gg, what must the genotype of the parents be?
If all of the offspring of a particular cross have the genotype Gg, the genotype of the parents be GG and gg.
What is genotype ?A genotype is the total set of heritable genes which is transferred from parents to offspring; These genes involve in encoding specific features and the characteristics can be physically expressed in an organism called as phenotype.
The genotypes of the gene can be present in three form on the basis of allele arrangement such as homozygous dominant (PP), Heterozygous (Pp) and Homozygous recessive (pp).
Genotyping method is used to determine the genotype of an individual by using biological assay and the techniques used are, DNA fragment analysis, PCR, allele-specific oligonucleotide (ASO) probes, nucleic acid hybridization to DNA microarrays or beads, and DNA sequencing.
The term genotype of the gene is unclear and complex than phenotype. A height, color, and skin tone are examples of phenotype.
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Changes in the trilobite exoskeleton can be attributed to ____.
a.
changing environments
c.
inter-species mating
b.
competition for survival
d.
both a and b
It Would be D. Both a and b
What is the main purpose of the organ system shown above?
A)
receives stimuli, integrates information, and directs the body
B)
transports nutrients, gases, hormones, and wastes through the body
C)
provides support for the body and protects delicate internal organs
D)
provides mobility and controls the movement of materials through some organs
Answer:
The most appropriate answer would be C) provides support for the body and protects delicate internal organs.
The skeletal system consists of bone, ligaments, cartilages and other tissues.
The main functions of a skeletal system in a human being are:
Support: It provides the framework and support to the body which helps in maintaining the shape of the body. For example, lungs would have collapsed in absence of rib cage and associated muscles. Movement: It helps in movement and locomotion of the body. Protection: It protects the internal organs of the body. For example, the skull protects the brain, vertebrate protects the spinal cord et cetera. Blood cell production: Haematopoiesis mainly occurs in the bone marrow. Storage: It can store minerals like iron and calcium. Endocrine regulation: Osteocalcin released from bone cells contributes to the blood sugar (glucose) regulation and fat deposition.Roan cattle show codominance for the color of their hair. There are alleles for red hair and white hair. What would you expect a heterozygous roan bull to look like if the trait showed incomplete dominance instead?
A It would be red.
B It would be white.
C It would be spotted.
D It would be pink.
The right answer is D.
* Incomplete dominance is when hybrids of the F1 generation have an intermediate phenotype (between the two phenotypes) compared to the parental generation P1. This phenomenon occurs in heterozygous individuals.
We have an example of an incomplete dominanace in this case, where we have a mixture of the two colors of the two alleles. The pink color obtained in the F1 generation is incomplete dominance. These species are heterozygous.
* For codominance it is different, There are some cases where the two alleles of a gene are completely and independently manifested in the phenotype in a heterozygous individual. Both of these alleles are said to be codominant.
For example, a chicken with a variegated plumage that was obtained by crossing a white hen with a black rooster. One might expect gray offspring, but since we have a dominant allele for the black color and a dominant allele for the white color, we obtain a white and black plumage.
A heterozygous roan bull would look like pink. Hence, option D is correct.
Further Explanation:
Codominance is known to be the relationship between the two versions of the gene. People get one version of a gene, known as allele, from each parent. When the alleles are not same, then dominant allele generally expresses while the effect of the other allele (recessive allele) is masked. The common example of this kind of dominance is observed in ABO blood group.
Incomplete dominance occurs when the dominant allele or form of the gene which does not fully masks the effects of recessive allele and displays the blending of both alleles in physical appearance. This is also called as partial or semi-dominance. The common example of this is observed in roses. The red color works as a dominant trait while recessive trait is white. However, the heterozygous roses are pink. This is different from codominance, which is when both alleles are expressed at one time. Hence, in the given case, heterozygous roan bull will display pink color.
Learn More:
Learn more about the fibrous skeleton of the heart https://brainly.com/question/7301375 Learn more about blood cells bring oxygen and take carbon dioxide away https://brainly.com/question/1213217 Learn more about the system prepares food for absorption into the bloodstream https://brainly.com/question/310282Answer Details:
Grade: High school
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Genetics
Keywords:
Roan bull, codominance, incomplete dominance, red color, dominant allele, a recessive allele, masking, blending, pink, white, ABO blood grouping, roses.
Seed X has 20 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will daughter cells have after meiosis? I'll upvote you
IN YOUROWN WORDS explain what is hypnosis?
Hypnosis is a trance-like state of heightened suggestibility, deep relaxation, and intense focus, often induced by hypnotic induction. It is used therapeutically to address unconscious desires and change unwanted behaviors.
Hypnosis is a trance-like state of consciousness that is typically induced by a procedure known as hypnotic induction.
It is often used therapeutically to bring unconscious desires and emotions to the conscious mind, making them easier to address. For example, hypnosis is frequently applied to help individuals modify unwanted behaviors, such as reducing smoking, improving eating habits, or managing alcohol abuse. Famous psychologist Sigmund Freud highlighted its use in psychological therapy.Additionally, brain imaging studies have shown that hypnotic states are associated with global changes in brain functioning, underscoring its potential efficacy in therapeutic settings.
In fruit flies, bar-shaped eyes are dominant to normal-shaped eyes. Male offspring from parents that contained only bar-shaped alleles will have bar eyes. If this male (fly#1) is crossed with a normal-eyed female (fly#2) only the female offspring have bar-shaped eyes. If a normal-eyed (fly#3) is crossed with a bar-eyed female (fly#4), whose parents contained only bar-shaped alleles, all their offspring will have bar-shaped eyes. Explain this results and give the phenotypes of the numbered flies in this problem.
As a result of the Law of Conservation of Energy, a fish cannot gain more energy than it consumes. Which method, using an isolated system of fish in an aquarium, would best test this hypothesis?
a) Measure the total energy in the fish, the aquarium, and the energy of the food fed to the fish. Then measure the energy in the fish and the aquarium after feeding and determine the difference.
b) Measure the total energy in the fish before feeding and the energy of the food fed to the fish. Then measure the energy in the fish after feeding and determine the difference.
c) Measure the total energy of the aquarium before feeding and the energy of the food fed to the fish. Then measure the energy in the aquarium after feeding and determine the difference.
d) Measure the total energy of the food before feeding and the energy of the fish after feeding. Then measure the energy in the aquarium after feeding and determine the difference.
Correct answer: C) . Measure the total energy of the aquarium before feeding and the energy of the food fed to the fish. Then measure the energy in the aquarium after feeding and determine the difference.
An isolated system is a system in which neither the energy nor the matter can enter or leave the system. As a result of that, the total mass of the system remains unchanged.
There is a change in the species present, But, the total mass present will not change based on the law of conservation of matter and energy.
Why does hypnosis affect the brain?
Usually, a hypnotized person forgets to blink, giving the impression of being out of breath. However, the subject is in a hyperactive mental state, activating areas of the brain that normally do not show as much activity. One less.
When an individual is hypnotized, there is a region of the brain that has its activity reduced, precisely the one related to the spatial perception and that we have of ourselves, in addition to our episodic memory. This causes the hypnotized person to concentrate intensely on something created by their own imagination - or that has been suggested - but not as part of what is being imagined. Hypnotized people lose the ability to remember what they would normally do in certain situations, while the ability to think about a variety of imaginary options increases.
This explains why people in a hypnotic state end up behaving completely differently from normal, remaining calm in situations in which they would feel terrified, for example.
The crops grown in a small Midwestern farming community are being destroyed by grasshoppers. The farmers have banded together and have decided to spray pesticides to reduce the grasshopper population. What is likely to happen in the future as a result of this spraying?
One characteristics of all living organisms is that they
Answer:
maintain homeostasis
Explanation:
The seven characteristics of life include:
responsiveness to the environment;
growth and change;
ability to reproduce;
have a metabolism and breathe;
maintain homeostasis;
being made of cells; and.
passing traits onto offspring.
for a living organism, which of the following are true? select all that apply
A the ratio of C-14 to C-12 remains constant.
B the ratio of C-14 to C-12 increases over time.
C the ratio of C-14 to C-12 decreases over time.
D the amount of C-14 is less than the amount of C-12.
Gametes are produced by the process of
a. mitosis.
b. meiosis.
c. crossing-over.
d. replication.
Gametes are produced by the process of meiosis.
Gametes are produced by the process of meiosis. This is a type of cell division specific to the production of haploid cells. During meiosis, genetic information is halved, and the resulting daughter cells contain one chromosome from each chromosomal pair, differentiating them from the diploid parent cells. Meiosis happens in two stages: meiosis I and meiosis II, which include the phases of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. This process ensures genetic diversity through mechanisms such as crossing-over during prophase I and random assortment of chromosomes.
Meiosis is distinct from mitosis, which is another form of cell division that results in daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, maintaining the diploid state. Unlike mitosis, meiosis involves a reduction in chromosome number, leading to haploid gametes that are essential in sexual reproduction for the formation of a diploid zygote upon fertilisation.
Crossing-over does occur in meiosis, not mitosis, allowing for a genetic recombination and ultimately contributing to genetic variation. Also, replication of DNA occurs before meiosis begins during the S-phase of the cell cycle, forming sister chromatids. Post-meiotically, gametogenesis takes place where cells mature into sperm through spermatogenesis or eggs through oogenesis, depending on the sex of the organism.
In one to three sentences, describe what happens during the carbon fixation stage of the Calvin cycle.
What did you include in your answer?
Carbon dioxide (CO2) combines with a five-carbon compound
3-phosphoglycerate (PGA) is formed.