what are the subsystem of the earth​

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"POLLUTANTS" are substances released into the environment that in excess amounts cause damage.

Some examples of natural pollutants are...

DUST

SEASALT

VOLCANIC GASSES AND ASH

FOREST FIRE SMOKE

POLLEN

Answer:

Pollutants.

Explanation:

Pollutants is defined  as that substances which are released into the environment that in excess amounts cause damage.

Pollutants van be air pollutants , water pollutants , soil pollutants ,noise pollutants ,

Air pollutants can be gases, smoke from burning of fossil fuels and vehicle  etc.

Noise pollutants : Noise of crackers,loud music etc.

Soil pollutants :Polythene,plastic bags,fertilizers etc.

Water pollutants : Chemical put into river ,industrial waste put into canals or rivers etc.

All pollutants damage environment when they are released in excess amount into environment .

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The sun is a star and our nearest star. The sun is closer than almost all stars and that is why it is so big. The sun is so hot and bright because it's a huge ball of fire. Even though the sun is around 92 million miles away, it is still extremely bright. It will burn you if you get close because your body can not sustain an average temperature its just way too hot.

The correct answer is A. Ionic bond

Explanation:

In Chemistry, atomic particles can create different types of chemical bonds between them, in the case of Ionic bond this type of bond is created between atomic particles that have opposite charge and takes place as valence electrons are transferred between the atoms. This usually occurs between metal and non-metal atoms as the metal that is negatively charged transfer electrons to nonmetal atomic particles that make the metal positive and the nonmetal be charged negatively. Therefore, the kind of bond is created by the attraction between atomic particles of opposite charge is the Ionic bond.

Answer: D. absolute

Explanation:

Absolute dating can be define as the method of dating in which the chronological age of the fossil or rock can be determined on the basis of radioactive carbon dating. The radioactive carbon is the element which decays after the death of the organism. The half life can be determined on the basis of the decay process which can be linked with the age of evidence.

Digestion in the small intestine concludes with enzymes breaking down macronutrients, and absorption is facilitated by villi and microvilli which increase the surface area. Nutrients enter the bloodstream and are routed through the liver for regulation and detoxification. The large intestine finalizes the digestive process by removing water and forming feces.

Digestion and absorption are critical stages in the process of nutrient assimilation that occur within the small intestine, following ingestion and the initial phase of digestion in the mouth and stomach. As food enters the small intestine, it is in the form of chyme—a mixture of partially digested food and stomach secretions. Within the small intestine, digestion concludes as enzymes break down large molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids into their respective subunits via hydrolysis.

The small intestine is composed of three interconnected segments: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Within the duodenum, digestive enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver assist in breaking down macronutrients. The primarily occurs in the jejunum and ileum. The inner wall of the small intestine is extensively folded and covered with tiny finger-like projections called villi, which in turn are covered in microvilli. These structures exponentially increase the surface area for absorption and are lined with epithelial cells that facilitate nutrient uptake into the bloodstream.

Nutrients absorbed through the epithelial cells enter the hepatic portal vein and travel to the liver where detoxification and regulation of nutrients occur before they are distributed throughout the body. In contrast, the large intestine is mainly involved in the removal of water and the formation of feces. This final stage in the alimentary canal involves the absorption of water, remaining salts, vitamins, and the compaction of undigested materials into feces.

Answer:

. A red and a white snapdragon are crossed, and their offspring is pink. This is an example of incomplete dominance.-(B.)

The offspring of a red and white snapdragon being pink is an example of incomplete dominance.

The offspring of a red and a white snapdragon being pink is an example of incomplete dominance. In incomplete dominance, neither allele is dominant, and the heterozygous individual displays an intermediate phenotype. This means that the offspring inherit both the red and white alleles from their parents, resulting in pink petals for the snapdragons.

Answer:

THe answer is true

Explanation:

Answer:

True

Explanation:

If your suspension is not working properly your tires will not function as well and it can become difficult to steer

Answers and explanations:

Horizontal gene transfer can occur through several mechanisms. Why is this relevant to humans?

B. Bacteria can exchange genes for resistance to antibiotics in this way.  This mechanism is relevant because antibiotic resistance is one of the most important public health challenges

Choose the best description of how gene mutations are involved in evolution.

B. Gene mutations can be helpful, harmful, or neutral for an organism's survival.

Only mutations that are helpful in the organism's environment would influence its survival and reproduction. Mutations are the primary source of variation and the material that selection can act on

Species can vary in several ways. Which of the following is one of Darwin's ideas that was accepted by most scientists of his time due to the large number of fossils being discovered at that time?

D. Species change over long periods of time.

This principle is referred to as "gradualism" and is fundamental to Darwin's evolutionary studies

Dinoflagellates can perform photosynthesis and provide energy for themselves and for the coral that they live near. The coral provide protection to the dinoflagellates. This is an example of a

C. mutualistic relationship.

Mutualism is a biological interaction among different species where they are benefited and therefore improve their biological fitness.

Plants can reproduce

C. sexually and asexually.

Plants produce flowers with sexual organs and they also produce asexual structures such as, for example, tubers for asexual reproduction

The idea that viruses originated as genetic material that was able to move within a genome, eventually exiting a cell and entering another is the _______ hypothesis.

D. progressive  

The Progressive hypothesis states that viruses originated as genetic material that was able to move within a genome, eventually exiting a cell and entering another

The wings of insects, birds, and bats evolved independently but carry out similar functions. This is an example of

A. analogous structures.  

Analogous structures are structures that have the same functions but they appeared independently during evolution

Answer:

water molecules

Explanation:

In photosynthesis, electrons that travel through the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane come from water molecules.

Water molecules supply electrons for electron transport in photosynthesis.

Answer:

A-   brain + cranial nerves (I'm assuming since they are related)

B-    Radial nerve

Explanation:

The cranial nerves are pairs of nerves that connect your brain to different parts of your head, neck, and trunk. There are 12 of them, each named for their function or structure. Their uses are mainly categorized as Sensory and Motor. Sensory nerves are involved with your senses, such as smell, hearing, and touch. Motor nerves control the movement and function of muscles or glands.

The radial nerve controls movement of the triceps muscle, which is located at the back of the upper arm and is responsible for extending the wrist and fingers. It also controls sensation in part of the hand.

The parts labeled A and B in the diagram are the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System, respectively. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord, processing information and maintaining vital functions, while the PNS connects the CNS to the body, relaying signals and managing voluntary and involuntary actions.

Parts of the Human Nervous System

The two main parts of the human nervous system, as indicated in the diagram, are labeled A and B. The part labeled A is the Central Nervous System (CNS), which consists of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is responsible for processing and integrating information from the entire body and coordinating activity across the whole organism. The part labeled B is the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), which connects the CNS to limbs and organs. The PNS is essentially the communication lines that carry signals between the CNS and the rest of the body.

The CNS, serving as the control center, regulates all voluntary and involuntary actions and processes sensory information. It plays a key role in controlling thoughts, movements, and basic life functions. The PNS is divided into the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements, and the autonomic nervous system, regulating involuntary body functions. The PNS ensures that the CNS stays updated with the body's status and external surroundings.

Answer:

tachyphylaxis

Explanation:

Addictive or tolerance - unofficial name.

This is accompanied by the addiction of the body to the medicine. The receptors memorize the chemical substances of the drug and when they are reintroduced, they do not react to it. In this case, the medicine is rapidly eliminated from the body as drug is not digested

When a substance is used regularly and the body becomes accustomed to its continuing presence, tolerance develops, which results in a person's decreased response to the drug.

Drug tolerance, also known as drug insensitivity, is a pharmacological concept that describes people diminished response to a drug after repeated usage.

Increasing the dosage may re-amplify the drug's effects, but doing so may quicken tolerance development and further blunt the drug's benefits.

When one or more antimicrobial medications prevent microbes like bacteria and fungus from growing, this condition is known as susceptibility.

Following their recovery in a specimen's culture, the bacteria, or fungi that are infecting a person are subjected to a susceptibility test.

Therefore, A decrease in susceptibility to a drug after continued use of the drug is known as tachyphylaxis.

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Answer:

C - bilayer

Explanation:

Answer:

C. Bilateral symmetry

Explanation:

Just before the Cambrian explosion, approximately 600million years ago, multicellular aquatic animals are thought to have developed new body plans. As a result they split into two groups of organisms which were notably radially symmetrical and bilaterally symmetrical. These early bilaterally symmetrical animals were simple organisms without a body cavity called a coelom; further evolution, led to the development of complex coelomates. Eventually, land-dwellers capable of respiring out of water with the aid of lungs emerged, and subsequently, their adaptations allowed for reproduction in their new habitats.

Bilateral symmetry is the animal adaptation that happened before the others listed (Reproduction on land, Development of a coelom, Lungs).

Bilateral symmetry is a fundamental characteristic in the evolution of animal body plans and refers to the arrangement of body structures into two similar halves, with a distinct front and back, and a top and bottom. This symmetry allows animals to be more streamlined and have more precise movements, making it advantageous for survival and locomotion.

Bilateral symmetry likely evolved early in the history of animal life, providing a basis for more complex body plans to develop later. It allowed for the evolution of specialized sensory organs at the anterior end, facilitating better detection of the environment and predators. Additionally, it enabled animals to develop a head region with concentrated nervous tissue, leading to the development of more complex nervous systems and improved sensory capabilities.

Reproduction on land, development of a coelom (body cavity), and lungs are adaptations that came later in the evolutionary timeline. Moving from aquatic to terrestrial environments required adaptations such as the development of specialized reproductive structures to prevent desiccation and ensure successful reproduction on land. The development of a coelom provided a space for the internal organs to be organized and function more efficiently. Lungs evolved as a respiratory adaptation to extract oxygen from the air in terrestrial environments, allowing animals to colonize new habitats.

In summary, bilateral symmetry was one of the earliest and foundational animal adaptations that allowed for further evolutionary developments in body plans, locomotion, and sensory abilities, which later led to adaptations for reproduction on land, coelom development, and the evolution of lungs.

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Answer:

B

Explanation:

often referred to as your "pain receptors," are free nerve endings located all over the body, including the skin, muscles, joints, bones, and internal organs.

Detecting painful stimuli is the function of the nociceptors. thus option B is correct.

A sensory organ or cell responds to light, heat, or other environmental stimuli by sending a signal to a sensory neuron.

The receptors at the end of the axon are known as nociceptors. This receptor reacts to stimulation that has the potential to harm the body. It transmits pain signals between the brain and the body.

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Abnormal softening of a gland is known as glandular hyperplasia.

Abnormal softening of a gland is known as glandular hyperplasia. It is a condition where the glandular tissue of an organ becomes softer and enlarged due to an increase in the number of cells.

For example, prostate glandular hyperplasia is a common condition where the prostate gland becomes enlarged due to an increase in the number of glandular cells.

Glandular hyperplasia can be caused by various factors such as hormonal imbalances, inflammation, or genetic predisposition.

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Answer:

Increased blood levels of carbon dioxide

Explanation:

Breathing is involuntary in nature which means it is not under our control. Respiration is regulated by both nervous and chemical means.

Nervous regulation involves:

a) respiratory rhythm center located in the medulla region of hind brain. It regulates respiratory rhythm according to the need of the body.

b) Pneumotaxic center is present in the pons region of hind brain. It reduces the duration of inspiration thereby altering the respiratory rate.

Chemical regulation:

There are certain chemosensitive areas which are sensitive for chemicals in the region adjacent to rhythm center. The chemoreceptors present here are sensitive to CO2 and H+ ions. These chemoreceptors gets activated when there is increase in CO2 and H+ ion concentration which in turn activates the respiratory rhythm center for altering the rate of respiration.

Increased CO2 in blood - the rate and depth of respiration increases

Decreased CO2 in blood - the rate and depth of respiration decreases

Breathing is signaled by the increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, which is detected by chemoreceptors, leading the brain's respiratory centers to increase respiration rate and depth.

Which event signals the brain to breathe? The major factor that influences the respiration process is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood, not the contraction or relaxation of the diaphragm. When the level of carbon dioxide becomes too high, this change is detected by chemoreceptors in the brain. These receptors then signal the respiratory centers in the medulla oblongata and pons to initiate contraction of the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles. As a result, the rate and depth of respiration increase to expel the excess carbon dioxide and bring more air into the lungs, thus maintaining the body's pH within a narrow range.

The medulla and the pons, parts of the brainstem forming the respiration regulatory center, are responsible for sending nerve impulses to these muscles, effectively controlling the involuntary aspect of breathing. Although breathing is also a voluntary action that we control for activities such as speaking or holding our breath, the involuntary control is dominant and ensures proper respiration to maintain homeostasis.

Answer:

180 chromosomes

Explanation:

Mitosis doubles the amount of chromosomes.

Answer:

Numerous ecosystems systems can exist in one biome in light of the fact that a biome is immense, and take the Marine Biome for example.There are diverse zones that things live in or environments.

Explanation:

Final answer:

The diversity of ecosystems within a biome allows for the coexistence of many species. Each species occupies a unique ecological niche and has different resource requirements, promoting efficient resource use and increasing overall productivity and stability. The presence of more species also has positive effects such as the sampling-competition effect and facilitation effect.

Explanation:

The diversity of ecosystems in a biome allows for the coexistence of many species. In an ecosystem, different species have specific ecological niches and resource requirements. Some species may be better adapted to certain environmental conditions, while others may require different resources to thrive.

For example, in a forest ecosystem, there may be multiple species of trees, shrubs, birds, mammals, and insects. Each species occupies a unique niche and has its own role in the ecosystem. Some species may prefer sunny areas, while others thrive in shaded areas. Some may feed on specific plants or insects, while others have different food sources. This diversity of species and niches allows for the efficient use of available resources and increases the overall productivity and stability of the ecosystem.

The presence of more species also promotes the sampling-competition effect and facilitation effect. The sampling-competition effect states that the more species there are, the higher the chances of having a particularly productive species in a given environment. The facilitation effect refers to how different species can improve environmental conditions for other species. For example, one species may create favorable microclimates or provide nesting sites for other species, enhancing their survival and growth.

Final answer:

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the molecule that carries a cell's hereditary information. It is structured as a double helix and consists of nucleotides that encode genetic instructions, ensuring the faithful transmission of these instructions across generations.

Explanation:

Answer:

D.  Minerals

Explanation:

The question is asking for which of these things could be part of a stream's dissolved load.  Pebbles, cobbles, and sand grains can not dissolve, but minerals can.

I hope this helps!

Answer: option (D)

Explanation: In order to be a dissolve load of a stream, the particles must be of smaller size and less dense. Pebbles and cobbles are of size about 4-64 mm and 64-256 mm respectively

Sand grains are usually 0.125-2 mm in size but have a high average density

In case of minerals, it varies as some minerals are found to be bigger and some appears to be smaller in size. Minerals have the ability to get dissolved when undergoes chemical reactions.

Thus, the correct answer here is option(D) i.e. minerals which is most likely to be a part of the stream's dissolve load.

Answer:

The less important allele.. ish. The allele will only "work" (Show up) if there is two recessive allele. And Ressesive allele is always lower case. So rr will show up but Rr wont because there is a dominant allele. Hope this help. :)

Explanation:

Blue Eye is recessive allele

Brown eye is dominant allele

Answer:

The bonds formed are called covalent bonds, which are created when two atoms share an electron (i.e. valence electrons) with each other. ... The three major types of covalent bonds are single, double, and triple bonds. A carbon atom can form the following bonds: Four single bonds.

answer is sleet; I just finished the assignment as well. Sorry for being late.

The pellets which are around 3 millimeters in diameter are called as sleets. Thus, the correct option is C.

Precipitation is any liquid or frozen water which forms in the atmosphere and then falls back on to the earth. Precipitation comes in many different forms, such as the rain, sleet, and snow. Along with the evaporation of liquid and condensation, precipitation is one of the three major parts of the global water cycle in the environment.

Sleet is the form of liquid which occurs when the snowflakes only partially melt when they fall through a shallow layer of the warm air on the surface. Sleets are slushy drops which refreeze as they next fall through a deep layer of freezing air which is present above the surface of land, and eventually reach the ground as frozen rain drops that bounce on impact.

Therefore, the correct option is C.

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Answer:

C. Burying dead/religious beliefs

Answer:

C. Burying dead/religious beliefs

Invasive species can impact the carbon cycle by altering plant communities and vegetation structure, changing nutrient cycling processes, and affecting carbon sequestration or release. They can outcompete native species for resources, which can lead to changes in plant community composition and carbon storage in the ecosystem. Invasive species can also alter soil processes, such as decomposition rates, which can impact carbon cycling.

Invasive species can have significant impacts on the carbon cycle. They can affect the carbon cycle by altering plant communities and vegetation structure, increasing the rate of carbon sequestration or release, and changing nutrient cycling processes. Invasive species often outcompete native species for resources such as water, light, and nutrients, which can lead to changes in plant community composition and increased carbon storage in the ecosystem. Additionally, invasive species can alter soil processes, such as decomposition rates, which can impact carbon cycling.

For example, invasive plants with high growth rates and photosynthetic capacity may have higher rates of carbon uptake, leading to increased carbon sequestration. On the other hand, invasive species that alter soil conditions or disrupt nutrient cycles may contribute to increased carbon release through accelerated decomposition or changes in soil carbon storage.

In conclusion, invasive species can have both positive and negative impacts on the carbon cycle, depending on their specific traits and effects on ecosystem processes. It is important to understand and manage the impact of invasive species on the carbon cycle to mitigate the potential negative effects on ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.

the answer is D because i just took the test hope this helps

Answer:

antibodies :)

Explanation:

The second law of thermodynamics dictates that energy transformations, like cellular respiration, are not completely efficient due to entropy increase. The law implies that some energy is always lost as heat, making the efficiency of respiration less than 100%.

The second law of thermodynamics relates to the concept of entropy and can be stated in terms of heat energy and the efficiency of processes. In the context of cellular respiration, the second law helps explain why no energy transformation is completely efficient. During respiration, cells transform chemical energy from nutrients into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), a usable form of energy for cellular processes. However, according to the second law, some energy is invariably lost as heat. This loss of energy increases the entropy of the system, which is a measure of disorder.

The importance lies in the fact that the efficiency of respiration is constrained by this law, as some of the potential energy in nutrients is not converted into useful work, but rather is dissipated as heat, contributing to the overall increase in entropy of the universe. In summary, the second law of thermodynamics, when applied to biological processes like respiration, clarifies why these processes cannot be 100% efficient and why there is always an increase in entropy and a certain amount of energy that becomes unavailable for doing work.

During the second gap phase, or G 2​start subscript, 2, end subscript phase, the cell grows more, makes proteins and organelles, and begins to reorganize its contents in preparation for mitosis.

S phase (DNA Synthesis) - Each of the 46 chromosomes are duplicated by the cell. III. G2 phase (Gap 2) - The Cell “double checks” the duplicated chromosomes for error, making any needed repair.

During the G1 phase, the cell shows first growth by copying organelles and making the molecular building blocks which are necessary for later steps. During the G2 phase, the cell shows the second growth by making proteins and organelles and beginning to reorganize its contents in preparation for mitosis.

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Answer:

Genetic Drift.

Explanation:

Hope my answer has helped you!