Answer:
c.)long chain of carbon molecules
Explanation:
A polymer is a long chain of many monomers joined together using chemical bonds.For example, a long chain of carbon molecules may form a polymes such as fatty acid.An example of polymers are proteins whose monomers are amino acids, cellulose and glycogen whose monomers are monosaccharides.What message would you have gotten if your computer become infected with the elk cloner virus
Elk Cloner: The program with a personality. It will get on all your disks. It will infiltrate your chips. Yes, it's Cloner! It will stick to you like glue. It will modify RAM to send in the Cloner.
Answer:
Elk cloner is a computer virus designed for Apple II. This virus spreads by infecting the disks of computer operating systems. Although this virus was not primarily programmed to cause damage, it could corrupt discs by overwriting reserved tracks regardless of content. If a computer is infected with this virus, at startup it will receive the following message:
Elk Cloner: The program with personality
You will get all your records
it will get into your chips
Yes, it is Cloner!
It will stick to you as glue
will also change your RAM
Pass it on, Elk Cloner!
List your example of turning an observation into a hypothesis. Be sure to list all five steps: observation, explanation, test (independent variable), prediction (dependent variable), and hypothesis
A simple hypothesis is a prediction of the relationship between two variables: the independent variable and the dependent variable.
Drinking sugary drinks daily leads to obesity.
A complex hypothesis examines the relationship between two or more independent variables and two or more dependent variables.
Overweight adults who 1) value longevity and 2) seek happiness are more likely than other adults to 1) lose their excess weight and 2) feel a more regular sense of joy.
A null hypothesis (H0) exists when a researcher believes there is no relationship between the two variables, or there is a lack of information to state a scientific hypothesis. This is something to attempt to disprove or discredit.
There is no significant change in my health during the times when I drink green tea only or root beer only.
This is where the alternative hypothesis (H1) enters the scene. In an attempt to disprove a null hypothesis, researchers will seek to discover an alternative hypothesis.
My health improves during the times when I drink green tea only, as opposed to root beer only.
A logical hypothesis is a proposed explanation possessing limited evidence. Generally, you want to turn a logical hypothesis into an empirical hypothesis, putting your theories or postulations to the test.
Cacti experience more successful growth rates than tulips on Mars. (Until we're able to test plant growth in Mars' ground for an extended period of time, the evidence for this claim will be limited and the hypothesis will only remain logical.)
An empirical hypothesis, or working hypothesis, comes to life when a theory is being put to the test, using observation and experiment. It's no longer just an idea or notion. It's actually going through some trial and error, and perhaps changing around those independent variables.
Roses watered with liquid Vitamin B grow faster than roses watered with liquid Vitamin E. (Here, trial and error is leading to a series of findings.)
A statistical hypothesis is an examination of a portion of a population.
If you wanted to conduct a study on the life expectancy of Savannians, you would want to examine every single resident of Savannah. This is not practical. Therefore, you would conduct your research using a statistical hypothesis, or a sample of the Savannian population.
Final answer:
Turning an observation into a hypothesis involves observing a natural event, formulating a plausible explanation, testing this explanation by manipulating an independent variable, predicting the outcome on a dependent variable, and stating a hypothesis that brings all these elements together.
Explanation:
Turning an observation into a hypothesis involves several critical steps, each building upon the previous to develop a testable prediction about a natural phenomenon. Below is an example detailing this process.
Observation: Plants in a garden receiving more sunlight tend to be more vibrant and grow taller than those in shaded areas.
Explanation: Sunlight may provide energy that is essential for the growth and health of plants.
Test (Independent Variable): The amount of sunlight exposure plants receive.
Prediction (Dependent Variable): The health and growth rate of the plants.
Hypothesis: If plants are exposed to more sunlight, then they will grow taller and have a more vibrant appearance, because sunlight provides the necessary energy for photosynthesis.
This hypothesis can then be tested through experimentation, ultimately contributing to the cycle of scientific inquiry.
Hot tea is best when served in china tea cups.
True
False
Answer: true
Explanation:
Final answer:
The statement about serving hot tea in china tea cups is a cultural preference deeply rooted in Chinese history and the appreciation for fine porcelain from the Song dynasty, highlighting the importance of tradition in the enjoyment of tea.
Explanation:
The statement "Hot tea is best when served in china tea cups" touches upon aspects of culture, history, and personal preference rather than an objective truth. From the perspective of Chinese culture and history, true porcelain, invented in the Song dynasty, became a treasured export product.
The use of china tea cups is often associated with maintaining the temperature and enhancing the flavor of tea due to its thin walls and smooth surface. Additionally, Ceylon tea, known for its purity, along with the ritualistic and cultural aspects surrounding tea consumption, illustrate the historical significance and personal nature of tea drinking preferences. Therefore, the belief that hot tea is best served in china tea cups can be seen as a cultural preference rather than an absolute truth.
Gases tend to deviate from the ideal gas law at
Answer:
Gases tend to deviate from ideal gas law at high pressures and low temperatures.
Explanation:
The main statements from molecular kinetic theory to describe an ideal gas is that 1) the gas particles occupy a neglictible fraction of the total volume of the gas, and 2) there is not force of attraction between gas particles.
HIgh pressure means that the gas particles will be forced closer to each other, making that the mean distance between the particles be realtively more important and their volume less neglictible. This is a violation the first assumption described above.
Since the temperature is directly related to the kinetic energy, and the latter with the movement of the particles (average speed), low temperatures lead to the molecules being less independent of each other, i.e. the forces between the molecules will count more . This fact constitutes a violation of the second principle established in the first paragraph.
In conclusion, high pressures and low temperatures tend to deviate gases from the ideal gas law.
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What volume of 5.00 × 10-3 m hno3 is needed to titrate 80.00 ml of 5.00 × 10-3 m ca(oh)2 to the equivalence point? what volume of 5.00 × 10-3 m hno3 is needed to titrate 80.00 ml of 5.00 × 10-3 m ca(oh)2 to the equivalence point? 80.0 ml 160. ml 10.0 ml 40.0 ml?
Answer:
= 160 mL
Explanation:
The equation for the reaction is;
Ca(OH)2 + 2HNO3 -----> Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
Moles of Ca(OH)2 = 0.080 L x 5.00^-3 M
= 0.0004 moles
From the reaction; 2 moles of HNO3 reacts with 1 mole of Ca(OH)2
Thus; moles of HNO3 = 0.0004 Moles × 2
= 0.0008 moles
Volume = moles/ molarity
Therefore; volume of HNO3= 0.0008 Moles/ 5 × 10^-3 M
= 0.16 L or 160 mL
The volume of 5×10⁻³ M HNO₃ needed to titrate 80ml of 5×10⁻³ M ca(oh)2 to the equivalence point is 160mL.
How we calculate volume from moles?
Volume of any solution will be calculated by using moles and molarity as:
Volume = moles / molarity
Given chemical reaction is:
Ca(OH)₂ + 2HNO₃ → Ca(NO₃)₂ + 2H₂O
From the stoichiometry of the reaction it is clear that,
2 mole of HNO₃ = react with 1 mole of Ca(OH)₂
Given volume of Ca(OH)₂ = 80mL = 0.080L
Given molarity of Ca(OH)₂₂ = 5×10⁻³ M
Moles of Ca(OH)₂ = 0.080L x 5×10⁻³M = 0.0004 moles
0.0004 moles of Ca(OH)₂ = react with 2×0.0004 = 0.0008 moles of HNO₃
Given molarity of HNO₃ = 5×10⁻³ M
Volume of HNO₃ = 0.0008moles / 5×10⁻³ M = 0.16L = 160mL
Hence, 160mL of HNO₃ is required.
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___________ is a comfortable number of guests for an evening of good conversation.
Ten or less
Ten to twelve
Thirteen to fifteen
Answer: 10 or less
Explanation: The reason it should be ten or less is because having to many people can make you feel uncomfortable. So you want to stick with a big group but not that big of a group.
Ten or less is a comfortable number of guests for an evening of good conversation.
Explanation:Usually people visit their neighbors or go as guest to their relative houses during evening time. It is because evening is the exact time during which all the members of the family will be present at home. Some people like to converse with each other.
The best count for comfortable evening conversation may be ten or less. It is considered as best because; if a guest is visiting our house we need to provide hospitality to them by serving something to eat and to provide space to sit. If the count goes above 10, it will become crowded and will cause problem in hospitality and will not pave wave for good conversation.
Which of the following laws states that the volume of a gas and the amount of a gas in moles are directly proportional?
You haven't provided a list of answers but the law to which states "volume of gas is proportional to the number of moles of gas," is Avogadro's law.
Match the following. 1. A mixture that does not have a uniform composition and the individual components remain distinct. polar 2. A mixture that does have a uniform composition throughout and is always in the same state. insoluble 3. A substance that will not dissolve in a solvent. homogeneous 4. A homogeneous mixture saturated 5. A molecule with no internal charge variation due to bonding. solution 6. a molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons during bonding nonpolar 7. A solution which has dissolved as much solute as it can at a particular temperature. unsaturated 8. A solution which is still able to dissolve solute. heterogeneous
Answer:
Explanation:
1. A mixture that does not have a uniform composition and the individual components remain distinct.
HETEROGENEOUS
An heterogeous mixture is a mixture with components in different phases.
2. A mixture that does have a uniform composition throughout and is always in the same state.
HOMOGENOUS
Homogenous mixtures have just one phase that is uniform all through.
3. A substance that will not dissolve in a solvent.
INSOLUBLE
When a solute cannot dissolve in a solvent to form a solution, we say it is insoluble.
4. A homogeneous mixture
SOLUTION
Solutions are made up of homogenous mixtures solute and solvent.
5. A molecule with no internal charge variation due to bonding.
NON-POLAR
Even distribution of charges especially between species whose electronegativity difference is 0 would lead to the formation of a non-polar compound. Here,
6. A molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons during bonding
POLAR
Unequal sharing of electrons forms a polar compound. The more electronegative attracts the shared electron to itself and there is separation of charges. This leads to polarity.
7. A solution which has dissolved as much solute as it can at a particular temperature.
SATURATED
A saturated solution cannot dissolve more solute beacuse it contains enough solute as it can dissolve at a temperature.
8. A solution which is still able to dissolve solute.
UNSATURATED
An unsaturated solution is able to dissolve more solute.
A mixture that does not have a uniform composition and the individual components remain distinct is called a heterogeneous mixture. A mixture that does have a uniform composition throughout and is always in the same state is called a homogeneous mixture or solution. A substance that will not dissolve in a solvent is referred to as insoluble.
Explanation:1. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture that does not have a uniform composition and the individual components remain distinct. For example, a mixture of oil and vinegar is heterogeneous because you can see separate layers of oil and vinegar.
2. A homogeneous mixture, also known as a solution, is a mixture that does have a uniform composition throughout and is always in the same state. An example is a sugar dissolved in water. The sugar particles are evenly distributed throughout the water.
3. Insoluble refers to a substance that will not dissolve in a solvent. For instance, sand is insoluble in water, meaning it does not dissolve in water.
4. A solution is considered saturated when it has dissolved as much solute as it can at a particular temperature. Any additional solute added will not dissolve and will form a precipitate.
5. A nonpolar molecule is a molecule with no internal charge variation due to bonding. Examples include methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
6. A polar molecule is a molecule with an uneven distribution of charge due to unequal sharing of electrons during bonding. Water (H2O) is a polar molecule because the oxygen atom attracts electrons more strongly than the hydrogen atoms.
7. An unsaturated solution is a solution that is still able to dissolve solute. It has not yet reached its maximum capacity to dissolve solute.
8. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture that does not have a uniform composition and the individual components remain distinct. An example is a mixture of oil and water. The oil and water do not mix and separate into distinct layers.
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The volume of a gas at 27.0c and 0.200atm is 80.0 ml .what volume will the same gas sample occupy at STP?
Answer:
V₂ = 14.56 mL.
Explanation:
We can use the general law of ideal gas: PV = nRT.where, P is the pressure of the gas in atm.
V is the volume of the gas in L.
n is the no. of moles of the gas in mol.
R is the general gas constant,
T is the temperature of the gas in K.
If n is constant, and have different values of P, V and T:(P₁*V₁) / T₁ = (P₂ * V₂) / T₂
Knowing that:
V₁ = 80.0 mL, P₁ = 0.20 atm, T₁ = 27 °C + 273 = 300 K.
V₂ = ??? mL, P₂ (STP) = 1.0 atm, T₂ (STP) = 0 °C + 273 = 273 K.
Applying in the above equation
(P ₁* V₁) / T₁ = (P₂ * V₂) / T₂
(0.20 atm * 80.0 mL) / 300 K= (1.0 atm * V₂) / 273 K
V₂ = (0.20 atm * 80.0 mL * 273 K) / (300 K * 1.0 atm)
V₂ = 14.56 mL
So, the answer is: V₂ = 14.56 mL.
The gas volume at STP will be approximately 14.56 mL, derived using the combined gas law.
To solve this problem, we need to use the combined gas law, which is expressed as:
(P1 * V1) / T1 = (P2 * V2) / T2
Given:
Initial pressure, P1 = 0.200 atmInitial volume, V1 = 80.0 mLInitial temperature, T1 = 27.0°C = 273 + 27 = 300 KStandard temperature, T2 = 0°C = 273 KStandard pressure, P2 = 1 atm (STP)We need to find the final volume V2 at STP.
Rearranging the combined gas law to solve for V2:
V2 = (P1 * V1 * T2) / (P2 * T1)
Plugging in the values:
V2 = (0.200 atm * 80.0 mL * 273 K) / (1 atm * 300 K)
V2 = (4368 mL * K) / (300 K)
V2 ≈ 14.56 mL
Thus, the volume of the gas at STP is approximately 14.56 mL.
When kaolinite clay [al2(si2o5)(oh)4] is heated to a sufficiently high temperature, chemical water is driven off?
Final answer:
Heating kaolinite clay results in the removal of hydroxyl groups as water in a process known as dehydroxylation, producing metakaolin and eventually aluminum oxide (Al2O3).
Explanation:
When kaolinite clay, which has the formula Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4, is heated to a high temperature, it undergoes a process known as dehydroxylation. This process involves the removal of hydroxyl groups as water, which is referred to as 'chemical water'.
When heated sufficiently, the kaolinite loses water molecules and forms metakaolin, an intermediate phase before it eventually transforms into aluminum oxide (Al2O3), also known as alumina. Alumina is important as it is a precursor for aluminum production through the electrolysis of aluminum ions in a solution containing cryolite (Na3AlF6) and calcium fluoride (CaF2).
Identify the missing numbers for Vanadium (V) for "A, ""B," and "C" in the chart below. The first number in the answer selection represents "A", the second number in the answer selection represents "B," and the third number in the answer selection represents "C."
Answer:
The right choice is:
B. 21, 21, 53.
Explanation:
Atomic Number = Number of electrons = Number of protons
So, the No. of protons (A) = Number of electrons =21
Atomic Number (B) = Number of electrons =21
Mass number (C) = Number of electrons + Number of neutrons = 21 + 32 = 53
So, the right choice is:
B. 21, 21, 53.
What type of functional group is represented in the compound?
The indicated group is a NH group bonded to a central atom by a single bond.
Amine
Alkene
Inorganic compound
Alkyne
Answer:
Amine
Explanation:
This functional group is that of amines. Specifically a secondary amine. It is called an N-subsituted amino group.
Here, two Hydrogen atoms of ammonia have been replaced by alkyl and/or aryl groups. The functional group of this class of amines is -NHR (N-alkylamino or N-arylamino group).
The amines shows considerable basicity.
Answer:
amine
Explanation:
please compare the energies of excitation and emission for fluorescence. Which is greater and why?
Answer:
The excitation energy is always greater than the emission energy .
Explanation:
When a molecule absorbs energy, electrons are excited from the ground state (S₀) to different vibrational levels of the excited state (S₁) in about 1 fs.
In the next picosecond, most of them will drop to the lowest vibrational level of S₁.
They remain there for about 10 ns, and then they drop to different vibrational levels of S₀.
The excitation energy is always greater than the emission energy because excitation occurs from the ground state of S₀ to a higher vibrational level of S₁, while emission occurs from the lowest vibrational level of S₁ to a higher vibrational of S₀.
The excitation energy of fluorescence is greater than the emission energy.
What is excitation energy?Excitation has to do with absorption of energy by a ground state molecule in (S₀) moving it to a different vibrational levels (S₁) which is higher in about 1 fs.
It the subsequently drops in one picosecond, most of them will drop to the lowest vibrational level of S₁.
Note that excitation energy must be greater than emission energy owing to the fact that excitation begins at the ground state moving up to a higher vibrational level , while emission begins at the lowest vibrational level moving up to a higher vibrational levels.
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HELP !
85g of NiCl2 dissolves in 350ml of H2O. What is the Molarity? Show your work
Answer:
1.874 M.
Explanation:
Molarity is defined as the no. of moles of a solute per 1.0 L of the solution.
M = (no. of moles of solute)/(V of the solution (L)).
∴ M = (mass/molar mass)of NiCl₂/(V of the solution (L)).
∴ M = (mass/molar mass)of NiCl₂/(V of the solution (L)) = (85.0 g / 129.59 g/mol)/(0.35 L) = 1.874 M.
Complete each sentence using the drop-down menus.
Desertification mainly impacts resources.
Point and nonpoint sources refer to types of pollution.
The process of people moving to cities, called , greatly impacts land, air, and water resources.
The burning of fossil fuels can cause .
Answer:
Desertification mainly impacts land resources.
Point and nonpoint sources refer to types of water pollution.
The process of people moving to cities, called urbanization , greatly impacts land, air, and water resources.
The burning of fossil fuels can cause smog and acid rain.
Explanation:
Desertification impacts natural resources. Point and nonpoint sources refer to types of water pollution. Urbanization has significant impacts on land, air, and water resources. The burning of fossil fuels can cause environmental pollution.
Explanation:Desertification mainly impacts natural resources. This process refers to the degradation of once fertile land into barren desert due to factors such as climate change, deforestation, and overgrazing. It can lead to the loss of agricultural productivity, water scarcity, and biodiversity decline.
Point and nonpoint sources refer to types of water pollution. Point sources are specific and identifiable sources of pollution, such as pipes discharging industrial waste into a river. Nonpoint sources are diffuse sources, such as runoff from agricultural fields, that enter water bodies indirectly.
The process of people moving to cities, called urbanization, greatly impacts land, air, and water resources. Urbanization often leads to the conversion of agricultural land into concrete jungles, increased air pollution from vehicles and industries, and increased water demand and waste generation.
The burning of fossil fuels can cause environmental pollution. When fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are burned for energy production or transportation, they release pollutants like carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. These pollutants contribute to air pollution, climate change, and acid rain.
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In an experiment to determine the acceleration due to gravity, one student holds a pencil at arm’s length and drops it. Another student starts a timer when the first student lets go and stops the timer when the pencil hits the ground. They repeat this several times and take an average. Is this a valid experiment, why or why not?
A. No, it is not valid because they are only dropping one item.
B. No, it is not valid because taking the average will increase rounding error.
C. Yes it is valid.
D. No, it is not valid because the short distance means there will be a lot of error due to the student’s reaction time.
I think it is not a valid experiment . I go with D
The experiment to determine acceleration due to gravity has potential flaws due to short drop distance and potential inconsistencies with timing due to human reaction times. A more accurate experiment would require a longer drop distance and more consistent timing method.
Explanation:The experiment described for determining the acceleration due to gravity isn't completely invalid but it is overly simplified and prone to errors. Option D is the most accurate answer - the short drop distance and potential inconsistency with the start and stop times due to human reaction could induce significant errors into the measurements. A more precise experiment would include a longer drop distance, a more consistent timing method (for example, using sensor-based stopwatch triggers), and repeated tests with different objects to make sure the results are not specific to just the pencil.
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Estimate the optimal number of neutrons for a nucleus containing 70 protons.
Atomic number 70
weight 173
number of neutron = weight - Atomic number
= 173 -70
=103
The optimal number of neutrons for a nucleus containing 70 protons is 130
Further explanationIn chemistry, the nucleus is the positively charged center of the atom that consist of protons and neutrons. It's also known as the "atomic nucleus"
The neutron is a subatomic particle with no net electric charge and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. The neutron is have symbol n or n⁰. Protons and neutrons constitute the nuclei of atoms.
Neutron is a type of atomic particle which does not possess any kind of charge on it. It has neutral behavior toward atoms since it does not possess any kind of charges but it contributes to the mass of the atoms.
Atomic number = 70
Atomic weight = 173
Atomic weight = number of protons + number of neutrons
Atomic number = number of protons
Therefore, the number of protons = 70
Number of neutrons = atomic weight - number of protons
Number of neutrons = 173 - 70 = 103
Optimal number of neutrons = 130
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Grade: 9
Subject: chemistry
Chapter: the optimal number of neutrons
Keywords: protons, nucleus, neutrons
The pH of a solution is 2.0. Which statement is correct?
Answer:
The relationship of pH and concentration of H+ ion is pH = -lg[H+]. So the concentration of H+ is 10^(-2). And [OH-][H+]=10^(-14). pOH + pH = 14. So the right answer is A.
Answer:
i don't see the statement but value is 14
Explanation:
Which of the following pieces of glassware can be used to measure the volume of a liquid with the
greatest accuracy?
a. Test tube
b. Beaker
c. Flask
d. Graduated cylinder
Answer:
The correct option is GRADUATED CYLINDER.
Explanation:
Each of the glassware used in the laboratory has its specific functions. The graduated cylinder is especially manufacture to facilitate the measurement of accurate volume of liquids in the laboratory. Measurements obtained by means of graduated cylinder can be considered to be moderately accurate; volumentric flasks are more accurate than graduated cylinder and should be used when higher precision are required.
The most accurate piece of glassware to measure the volume of a liquid is a graduated cylinder, due to its precise measurement markings. Other forms of glassware like test tubes, beakers, and flasks can also measure volume, but with less accuracy.
Explanation:The piece of glassware used to measure the volume of a liquid with the greatest accuracy among the given options is a graduated cylinder. Test tubes, beakers, and flasks provide approximate measurements, but for higher accuracy, a graduated cylinder is used. This is due to the precise measurements inscribed on the surface of the cylinder. Graduated cylinders are typically used in scientific experiments where accuracy is crucial for obtaining reliable and valid results.
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What is the Kelvin temperature for 30°C? 130 K 30 K 273 K 293 K 303 K
Answer:
303 K
Explanation:
Converting 30 degrees Celsius to Kelvin temperature would come out to 303.15 ; it would not be any higher considering the decimal amount, so it would remain a positive 303 k. Hope this helps!
The Kelvin temperature for 30°C is 303k.
What is kelvin temperature?The SI base unit of the temperature of kelvin is K.To avoid mathematical Issues, like you might get dealing with negative numbers in other temperature scales we can use kelvin.The Kelvin temperature scale is defined as an absolute temperature scale with zero at absolute zero. Because it is an absolute scale, the Kelvin scale does not have degrees while measuring.One kelvin is defined as 1/273.16 (3.6609 x 10 -3 ) of the thermodynamic temperature used in the triple point of pure water (H 2 O).To learn more about Kelvin refer to:
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Question 1 (1 point)
In this analogy, adding more students is analogous to:
Question 1 options:
Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.
Adding more particles of reactants.
Adding a chemical catalyst.
Increasing the temperature of the reaction.
Question 2 (1 point)
In this analogy, shrinking the hallways is analogous to:
Question 2 options:
Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.
Adding more particles of reactants.
Adding a chemical catalyst.
Increasing the temperature of the reaction.
Question 3 (1 point)
chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by
Question 3 options:
Adding more reactants
Decreasing the activation energy
Increasing the activation energy
Adding more products
Question 4 (1 point)
In this analogy, shortening the passing periods is analogous to:
Question 4 options:
Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.
Adding more particles of reactants.
Adding a chemical catalyst.
Increasing the temperature of the reaction.
Question 5 (1 point)
In this analogy, hiring a matchmaker is analogous to:
Question 5 options:
Decreasing the volume of the reaction container.
Adding more particles of reactants.
Adding a chemical catalyst.
Increasing the temperature of the reaction.
Question 6 (1 point)
What are two conditions that must be met in order for a chemical reaction to take place?
Question 6 options:
Collisions with the proper orientation
Sufficient activation energy
Appropriate coefficient of friction
Both A and B
Both B and C
Answer:D - adding a catalyst
Explanation:
In this analogy, adding more students is analogous to adding more particles of reactants in a chemical reaction. Shrinking the hallways is analogous to decreasing the volume of the reaction container. A chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy.
Explanation:Question 1: Adding more students in this analogy is analogous to adding more particles of reactants in a chemical reaction. Just like adding more students can increase the amount of activity and interactions in a classroom, adding more particles of reactants can increase the collision frequency and hence the reaction rate.
Question 2: Shrinking the hallways in this analogy is analogous to decreasing the volume of the reaction container in a chemical reaction. Just like shrinking the hallways restricts the movement of students, decreasing the volume of the reaction container restricts the movement of particles and increases the collision frequency.
Question 3: A chemical catalyst helps change the rate of a chemical reaction by decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. It provides an alternate reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, allowing more particles to have sufficient energy to react.
Question 4: Shortening the passing periods in this analogy is analogous to increasing the temperature of the reaction in a chemical reaction. Just like shortening the passing periods allows students to move faster and increases their chances of colliding, increasing the temperature of the reaction increases the kinetic energy of particles and enhances their collision frequency.
Question 5: Hiring a matchmaker in this analogy is analogous to adding a chemical catalyst in a chemical reaction. Just as a matchmaker facilitates the meeting of compatible people, a chemical catalyst facilitates the reaction between reactant particles, increasing the reaction rate.
Question 6: Two conditions that must be met for a chemical reaction to take place are collisions with the proper orientation and sufficient activation energy. Collisions between reactant particles must occur with the proper orientation to enable the formation of new chemical bonds, and these collisions must also have sufficient energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.
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Planck's constant relates the energy in one photon of electromagnetic radiation to the frequency of the radiation, varying:
directly
inversely
indirectly
randomly
The answer is inversely
Answer:
Option (b) "inversely
"
Explanation:
The energy of a photon is given by :
[tex]E=\dfrac{hc}{\lambda}[/tex]
Where
h is the Planck's constant
c is the speed of light
[tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelength
Or it can be written as :
[tex]E=h\nu[/tex].....(1)
[tex]\nu[/tex] is the frequency.
Equation (1) can be rearranged as :
[tex]h=\dfrac{E}{\nu}[/tex]
So, it is clear that Planck's constant relates the energy in one photon of electromagnetic radiation is inversely proportional to the frequency of the radiation. Hence, the correct option is (b) "inversely".
Any units will do. For example, let's use the unit of "dozens":
2 dozen of H2 particles + _(1, 2, or 3)__ dozen of O2 particles → _(1, 2, or 3)_ dozen water particles
Answer:
2 dozen of H₂ particles + 1 dozen of O₂ particles → 2 dozen of H₂O particles.
Explanation:
For the reaction of water formation:2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O.
It should apply the the law of conservation of mass that the no. of reactants atoms is equal to the no. of products atoms.
So, every 2.0 moles of H₂ react with 1.0 mole of O₂ to produce 2.0 moles of H₂O.
So, the represented reaction of the problem is:
2 dozen of H₂ particles + 1 dozen of O₂ particles → 2 dozen of H₂O particles.
Will give brainliest!!Given the following balanced equation: 2K + Br2 —-> 2KBr
A. List each element on the reactant side and each element on the product side and assign the correct oxidation number to each.
B. Identify which element is oxidized in the reaction and which is reduced.
C. Identify the oxidizing agent in this reaction.
A. Reactant side: K(+1), Br2(0); Product side: K(+1), Br(-1). B. Potassium is oxidized, and bromine is reduced. C. Bromine is the oxidizing agent in this reaction.
A. Let's analyze the oxidation numbers for each element in the given equation:
On the reactant side:
- Potassium (K) has an oxidation number of 0.
- Bromine (Br2) is a diatomic molecule, and its oxidation number is 0.
On the product side:
- Potassium bromide (KBr) has potassium with an oxidation number of +1, and bromine with an oxidation number of -1.
B. To determine which element is oxidized and which is reduced, compare the oxidation numbers:
- Potassium goes from an oxidation number of 0 to +1, indicating that it loses electrons and is oxidized.
- Bromine goes from an oxidation number of 0 to -1, indicating that it gains electrons and is reduced.
C. The oxidizing agent is the substance that causes another substance to be oxidized. In this reaction, bromine is the oxidizing agent because it causes potassium to lose electrons (undergo oxidation).
Final answer:
In the reaction 2K + Br2 → 2KBr, K is oxidized from an oxidation number of 0 to +1 and Br2 is reduced from 0 to -1. Br2 is the oxidizing agent as it gains electrons; K is the reducing agent as it loses electrons.
Explanation:
To answer the question about the chemical reaction 2K + Br2 → 2KBr:
Assigning oxidation numbers: Potassium (K) has an oxidation number of 0 as a pure element, and Bromine (Br2) also has an oxidation number of 0 as a diatomic molecule. In the product, potassium bromide (KBr), K has an oxidation number of +1 and Br has an oxidation number of -1.
Identifying what is oxidized and what is reduced: Potassium (K) is oxidized because its oxidation number increases from 0 to +1. Bromine (Br2) is reduced because its oxidation number decreases from 0 to -1.
Determining the oxidizing agent and reducing agent: The oxidizing agent is Bromine (Br2), because it gains electrons and is reduced to Br- ions. The reducing agent is Potassium (K), as it loses electrons and is oxidized to K+ ions.
Which chemical equation correctly represents the reaction that takes place when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas are formed as ammonia decomposes? N(g) + H3(g) ? NH3(g) 2N(g) + 3H2(g) ? 2NH3(g) 2NH3(g) ? N2(g) + 2H3(g) 2NH3(g) ? N2(g) + 3H2(g)
Answer:
D. 2NH₃(g) ⟶ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g)
Explanation:
A chemical equation must show the correct formulas for reactants and products.
A and B are wrong, because they have NH₃ as a product.
C is wrong. H₃ does not exist.
A is correct. The equation for the decomposition of ammonia is
2NH₃(g) ⟶ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g)
2NH₃(g) ⟶ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) correctly represents the reaction that takes place when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas are formed as ammonia decomposes. Hence, option D is correct.
What is a decomposition reaction?A decomposition reaction occurs when one reactant breaks down into two or more products.
This can be represented by the general equation: AB → A + B.
Thus, 2NH₃(g) ⟶ N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) correctly represents the reaction that takes place when nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas are formed as ammonia decomposes.
Hence, option D is correct.
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If the concentration of H+ is 1 x 10 ^-3 M, what is the pH? Is the solution acidic, neutral or basic? Be sure to include the formula and show your work for each step in the calculation.
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{3; acidic}}[/tex]
Explanation:
[H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻³ mol/L
To get the pH, you take the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.
pH = -log[H⁺]
= -log(1 × 10⁻³)
= -log1 - log(10⁻³)
= 0 – (-3)
= 0 + 3
= 3
The pH is less than 7, so the solution is acidic.
According to pH values, the value below 7 indicates acidity. As per the given concentration of hydrogen ion, the pH value is 3 which means it is acidic.
What is the use of pH?pH is the value to determine whether the solution is acidic or basic.
It can be calculated as
[tex]pH= -log[H^{+} ][/tex]
Given,
[H⁺] = 1 x 10⁻³ mol/L
[H⁺]= -log(1 × 10⁻³)
[H⁺]= -log1 - log(10⁻³)
[H⁺]= 0 – (-3)
[H⁺]= 0 + 3
[H⁺]= 3
Thus, it can be concluded that the pH value here is 3, it means it is acidic.
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How would you find out if the enthalpy for the two questions exothermic or endothermic?
Answer:
Explanation:
The second one is quite simple. CH4 (methane) is the main component for natural gas. It is used to heat houses in many many areas. It it heats a house, it must give off heat. It is exothermic.
The first one is much less common and hard to reason. I think it is easier to see the reverse reaction
O2 ===> 2O
O2 is a fairly stable molecule. It takes energy to break the molecules apart. That makes this reaction endothermic.
So the reaction you are given is just the opposite. It must be exothermic.
2O ===> O2 must be exothermic.
Which reaction represents cellular respiration?
a.sugar + oxygen → carbon dioxide water + atp
b.carbon dioxide + water + atp → sugar + oxygen
c.oxygen + carbon dioxide → sugar + water + atp
d.water + atp → carbon dioxide + sugar?
Answer:
A.sugar + oxygen → carbon dioxide water + atp
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is a process by which cells use organic compounds such as glucose in presence of oxygen to generate energy in the form of ATP, that is used to drive cellular processes such as transport.Cellular respiration generates ATP together with carbon dioxide and water as by products. The process mainly takes place in the mitochondria also known as the power house of the cell. The process occurs in three stages, namely; glycolysis, Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain.Cellular respiration is a biological process whereby glucose (sugar) and oxygen are used to produce ATP (energy), with carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. This process consists of three main stages, Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle, and Electron Transport Chain. Thus, option A: 'sugar + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP' accurately represents cellular respiration.
Explanation:In the realm of biology, the reaction that best represents cellular respiration is option A: sugar + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP. This is because, in the process of cellular respiration, glucose (sugar) and oxygen are utilized to generate energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), while releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts.
Cellular respiration consists of three main stages: Glycolysis, Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle), and Electron Transport Chain. During these stages, energy is extracted from glucose and used to form ATP. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the process, ultimately leading to the formation of water.
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A mixture of two gases was allowed to effuse from a container. one of the gases escaped from the container 1.43 times as fast as the other one. the two gases could have been:
Answer:
C. Cl2 and SF6
Explanation:
According to the Graham's law of diffusion the rate of effusion or diffusion of a fixed mass of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its density or mass.For two gases; R1/R2 = √mm2/√mm1 ; where R1 and R2 are the rates of diffusion of the two gases respectively, while mm1 and mm2 are the molecular masses respectively.Therefore, in this case we need two gases that have a ratio of their rates of diffusion as 1.43.
Thus; For Cl2 and SF6
Molecular mass of Cl2 is 70.906 g/mol, while that of SF6 is 146.06 g/mol
Therefore, the ratio of their rates of diffusion will be;
√(MM of SF6)/√(MM of Cl2) = √ 146.06/√70.906
= 1.4352
= 1.43
Therefore; the two gases required are Cl2 and SF6
Based on Graham's law, if one gas effuses 1.43 times as fast as another, the faster-moving gas likely has a lower molar mass. An exemplary pair could be helium and neon.
Explanation:The phenomenon of effusion is dictated by Graham's law, which states the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles. If one of the gases escapes 1.43 times as fast as the other, it could be inferred that the slower-moving gas has a greater molar mass in comparison to the faster one due to an inverse relationship.
However, without specific details about the exact molar masses, it's challenging to state precisely what the gases could be. Nonetheless, in a hypothetical scenario, it could be a pair of helium and neon, where helium being lighter would effuse faster. Please remember, that this is just an illustrative example.
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Name two lab tools used to measure the volume of a liquid
Answer:
beaker and flasks
Explanation: