The relationship between different species can be supported by their similar DNA sequences and homologous structures, following the principle of maximum parsimony. These genetic and morphologic evidences are crucial in modern taxonomy for determining evolutionary relationships.
Explanation:A hypothesis that two organisms from different species are related to each other is best supported by evidence that their DNA sequences are highly homologous. This means that the genetic material of the two species has many similarities, indicating a close evolutionary relationship.
Additionally, scientists look at homologous structures, which are physical features that are similar due to evolutionary origin, rather than analogous structures, which may look similar but are not derived from a common ancestor. The concept of maximum parsimony also plays a role, suggesting that organisms with more homologous structures are more closely related evolutionarily. In modern taxonomy, scientists often refer to the "tree of life" to explain phylogeny or the evolutionary relationships among species. All branches on this tree originate from a single trunk, which represents the common ancestor of all life forms.
These characteristics describe the _______________ of a cell.
A) Chromosomes
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Ribosomes
The answer is C simple.
Select the true statement. A) RNA is mostly single-stranded; DNA is always double-stranded. B) RNA and DNA usually have identical nitrogenous bases. C) Several types of DNA help regulate protein synthesis.
Answer: The correct answer is -
A) RNA is mostly single-stranded; DNA is always double-stranded.
Explanation:
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid) are the two different forms of nucleic acid that carry the genetic information in the form of nucleotide sequences.
RNA is generally single stranded that is it has a single strand of nucleotide sequences (for example, genome of human immuno deficiency virus is single stranded RNA).
On the contrary, DNA always occurs in double stranded form (such as genetic material of human beings) that is it has two strands of nucleotide sequences, which are antiparallel or complementary to each other.
Thus, A) option is the right answer.
The endosymbiotic theory helps to explain the origin of which structures?
The endosymbiotic theory explains the origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells. Initially proposed by Lynn Margulis, this widely accepted theory posits these organelles originated from engulfed prokaryotic cells that evolved symbiotically within a eukaryotic host over time.
Explanation:The endosymbiotic theory, initially proposed by Lynn Margulis in the 1960s, is an important concept in biology that explains the origin of essential organelles within eukaryotic cells - mitochondria and chloroplasts. According to this theory, these organelles originated from prokaryotic cells that were engulfed by a eukaryotic cell in a cooperative, mutually beneficial arrangement. Over time, the once-independent cells evolved together to form a single, composite entity, forming the structure of the eukaryotic cell we study today.
Widely accepted genetic evidence supports this theory. Both mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA closely mirror their bacterial counterparts in DNA sequence and chromosome structure, though somewhat reduced as some genes have transferred to the host cell's nucleus. The binary fission of these organelles also differs from eukaryotic mitosis, closely resembling bacterial binary fission instead.
Furthermore, modern biology provides examples of this phenomenon continuing to occur. Certain insects, such as cockroaches, have endosymbiotic bacteria within their gastrointestinal tracts, and photosynthetic bacterial-like organelles, known as plastids, are observed in various protists.
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Pure gold is an example of a(n) _____.
element
compound
mixture
solution
Answer:
It's an example of an element.
Explanation:
How many full-length strands of hair are collected from the scalp to use as a sample?
2
15
25
50
Answer:
the correct answer is D.) 50
Jordan has an organic garden. He is designing an experiment to determine if a mineral-oil bug spray made of garlic and habanero peppers is more effective on Japanese beetles than one made with just garlic. How could Jordan improve his plan for the experiment as outlined below?
1. Prepare bug sprays—being sure to document ingredients in each type.
2. Determine which plants will be sprayed and section off two groups.
3. Spray every morning at 8:30 a.m.
4. Record number of beetles on each group at the same times every day.
5. Record significant rain or weather events that may affect application of the sprays.
6. Photograph damage on both groups of plants at the end of the trial.
a. He should account for all the beneficial insects he accidentally kills.
b. He should include a control group which receives no spray.
c. He should prepare several variations on each spray's recipe.
d. He should remove all living beetles after each counting.
Answer:
He should include a control group which receives no spray.
Explanation:
Final answer:
Jordan can improve his experiment by including a control group, preparing variations on each spray's recipe, and accounting for beneficial insects killed.
Explanation:
Jordan can improve his plan for the experiment by including a control group which receives no spray (option b). This will serve as a baseline to compare the effectiveness of the bug sprays. Additionally, Jordan should prepare several variations on each spray's recipe (option c) to ensure that any observed effects are due to the combination of garlic and habanero peppers, rather than individual factors. Lastly, Jordan should account for all the beneficial insects he accidentally kills (option a) to assess the overall impact of the bug sprays on the garden ecosystem.
7. How does wildlife rehabilitation veterinary medicine compare to traditional veterinary medicine?
8. How would wildlife rehabilitation veterinary medicine compare to veterinary medicine with exotic animals in a zoo?
Answer: Wildlife rehabilitation veterinary medicine can be used to help animals recover when ill. But traditional Veterinary Medicine is for diagnosing what's wrong, and then for surgery on pets or farm beasts.
Both wildlife rehabilitation and veterinary medication are geared towards bringing good health and wellness to the animals.
Explanation:
what are the four nucleotide bases present in tRNA? do these bases differ from those found mRNA ?
Answer:
No, both the mRNA and tRNA have the same sequence of genetic material inside its structure, as the number and sequence of the nucleotide bases are same in both the molecules. But, there is a difference in there functionality,as the mRNA helps in the transcription process, while the tRNA is present in the ribosomes operating for the purpose of translation process.There are mainly four nucleotide bases present inside both the mRNA and tRNA molecule are as follows;Adenine,Guanine,Cytosine,Uracil.RNA(Ribo-nucleic acid)-The RNA contains a single stranded sequence of genetic elements which are unique to each cell or individual body.The RNA is basically composed through slicing of the DNA molecule into half. But, along with that the main difference between the RNA and DNA comes by the replacement of the nucleotide thymine in the DNA by the inclusion of the Uracil as the nucleotide. And along with that there is a difference between the sugar ribose inside the two molecules.
Which structure is found mainly in green plants and bacteria?
A. Small vesicle
B. Lysosome
C. Cell wall
D. Mitochondrion
The answer is C, because the cell wall lets things come in and out and let in good things, as in green plants and bacteria!
Answer:
Cell wall
Explanation:
a p e x
When animal cells undergo cell division, several cellular structures aid the the movement of chromosomes into the two new daughter cells. What are these cellular structures?
does spoiler increase or decrease friction between the rear and the road
which statement about dogs is NOT true?
A) All dogs belong to the same species.
B) All dogs belong to the same family.
C) All dogs are chordates
D) All dogs are mammals
Dude the answer is B
What is an example of input during the process of photosynthesis of a plant?
Answer:
Sunlight
Explanation:
I just did the quiz, Hope it helps!
Which best describes the importance of mitosis to living organisms?
genetic variation and growth
growth and development
development and sexual reproduction
sexual reproduction and genetic variation
Answer:
growth and development
Explanation:
DNA remains in the nucleus. mRNA can travel in and out of the nucleus. Explain how the function of DNA and mRNA differs.
Final answer:
DNA resides in the nucleus as a permanent storage of genetic information, while mRNA serves as a temporary messenger that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. This process begins with transcription in the nucleus and is followed by translation in the cytoplasm.
Explanation:
The function of DNA and mRNA differs in their roles in the process of protein synthesis. DNA contains the genetic blueprint of an organism, serving as a permanent, stable storage of genetic information. It is located in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, and it doesn't leave this protected area. On the other hand, messenger RNA (mRNA) acts as an intermediary that carries genetic instructions from DNA to the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized by ribosomes.
During the process called transcription, an mRNA molecule is created using one strand of DNA as a template in the nucleus. This involves the matching of RNA nucleotides to DNA nucleotides based on the base-pairing rules: A with T (or U in RNA) and C with G. After transcription, the mRNA passes through the nuclear membrane into the cytoplasm. There, during translation, the information carried by mRNA is used to assemble the correct sequence of amino acids and produce proteins. This flow of information from DNA to RNA to protein is a central principle in molecular biology, known as the central dogma.
Amoebae move by
a. extending their cytoplasm.
b. whipping their flagella.
c. swimming.
d. beating their cilia.
Answer:
I Think its answer A
Explanation:
Amoebae use pseudopodia, In the case of an amoeba moving, it's cytoplasm flows forward to form a pseudopodium, then it evens back out. In order to eat, it will form two pseudopodia and wrap those around to meet each other, enclosing its food, then the cytoplasm evens out again.
What always affects measurement error in an experiment?
A.investigator bias
B.variability in nature
C.instrument precision
D.misreading the instrument
True or false: nutrition is not a result of cell division
Do moths build nests?
If we were to boil the leaf disk what results would you expect?
Boiling the leaf disk is expected to hydrolyze its cell walls, making the leaf structurally softer, akin to cooking vegetables. This step is followed by 'bleaching' in hot alcohol to remove pigments, aiding in an Absorbance Spectrum exercise. Finally, an iodine test reveals the presence of starch as a blue-black coloration.
When boiling the leaf disk, several outcomes are expected based on different scientific principles. Initially, boiling serves to hydrolyze the cell walls of the leaf, effectively breaking them down. This step could be akin to cooking vegetables where they soften and change texture. In the context of the experiment, boiling the leaves is likely done for structural breakdown or for later steps such as chlorophyll removal.
Following this, the pigments from the leaves can be removed by placing them in hot alcohol—this process is referred to as "bleaching". The pigments dissolve into the alcohol, which could later be used for an Absorbance Spectrum exercise. Finally, the addition of iodine to the now colorless leaves tests for the presence of starch; a blue-black color indicates it is present.
In a broader scientific context, boiling can be likened to the process in which gases in the early solar nebula condensed into liquids or solids, or how raindrops form on Earth. However, the specific results from boiling a leaf disk are related to cell wall hydrolysis, pigment removal, and subsequent testing for biochemicals like starch.
Once cells have specialized and are performing a specific function they cannot.
Check all that apply
Undergo cell division
Undergo differentiation
Become stem cells
Turn on all of the genes found in the nucleus
Answer:
The correct options would be
Become stem cells Undergo differentiation Turn on all of the genes found in the nucleusThe cell is said to differentiate when they grow and mature to perform a specialized function.
It can not re-differentiate into any other cell type. For example, muscle cell cannot differentiate into the blood cell.
In addition, the differentiated cell cannot convert back to the stem cell as stem cell is an undifferentiated cell which is capable of dividing and differentiate into another cell type.
Lastly, in a differentiated cell, only a specific set of genes are expressed. For example, in a sarcomere different set of genes would be expressed as compared to the genes expressed in a neuron.
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are types of carbon compounds that are broken down to produce
A.DNA.
B.ATP.
C.oxygen.
D.glucose.
Final answer:
Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are organic compounds that provide energy. When digested, carbohydrates are broken down to glucose for ATP production, while proteins and lipids also contribute to energy and various bodily functions. The correct answer to what these compounds are broken down to produce is B. ATP.
Explanation:
Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are categories of organic compounds. These substances are critical for various functions within the body, including providing energy. Carbohydrates are typically the main source of energy, being broken down into glucose, which is then used in metabolic pathways to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell necessary for proper cellular function. Unlike carbohydrates, which are broken down to glucose, proteins are not a primary energy source but provide amino acids to build the body's own proteins and help control body processes. Lipids, which include fats and oils, can also be broken down to release energy, serve as long-term energy storage, and play roles in cell membrane structure and function.
Therefore, when we discuss what these macronutrients are broken down to produce, the correct answer is B. ATP, as ATP is the molecule that provides energy for cellular activities. DNA, oxygen, and glucose are not the direct breakdown products of these macronutrients in the context of energy provision.
What is the shape of s dna molecule?
Final answer:
The DNA molecule has a double helix shape, resembling a spiral staircase, with complementary bases forming the steps or rungs. The B-form is the most common configuration in cells, and the structure's strength comes from the strong bonding of these base pairs.
Explanation:
The shape of a DNA molecule is known as a double helix, which can be likened to the structure of a spiral staircase in its appearance. In the context of DNA, the steps of this staircase are represented by pairs of complementary bases that bind together. These base pairs form the rungs of the ladder and are integral to the overall structure and stability of the DNA molecule.
The double helix of DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides that wind around one another. This double helical structure discovered by Watson and Crick is predominantly the B-form, which is the form of DNA most commonly found within cells. There are variations, such as the A-form that occurs under conditions of dehydration and the left-handed Z-form, but these are less common. The double helix is not only iconic in its aesthetics but also is vital for the biological function of DNA, such as genetic inheritance and protein coding.
Notably, DNA's double helix structure is extremely durable because of the natural binding of these complementary bases. The strength of this bonding makes the two polynucleotide chains of the helix difficult to break apart. The precise helical structure of DNA can also vary depending on factors such as base sequence, and it can exhibit structural idiosyncrasies like propeller twist or undergo movements like twisting, rolling, or sliding between pairs.
What would most likely happen if an error occurred when RNA was receiving coding information?
Answer;
-Proteins would be formed incorrectly .
Explanation;
-The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences) is translated into proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells.
-The main function of RNA is to carry information of amino acid sequence from the genes to where proteins are assembled on ribosomes in the cytoplasm. This is done by messenger RNA (mRNA). A single strand of DNA is the blueprint for the mRNA which is transcribed from that DNA strand.
-Therefore; if an error occurred when RNA was receiving coding information, proteins would be formed incorrectly.
If errors happen when RNA receives coding info, we could see mutations in tRNA and rRNA leading to production of defective proteins or possibly no proteins. It could also cause the mRNA to initiate translation within the nucleus which could disrupt cell functions. Ultimately, these errors can cause significant biological issues if not corrected.
Explanation:If errors occurred during the process where RNA receives coding information, we would see several potential consequences.
Mutations in the transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), for example, could lead to the production of defective proteins or perhaps no protein production at all. This could drastically impact the functionality of a cell as proteins perform a wide variety of roles within a cell including building cellular structures, defending against viruses, and enabling chemical reactions (enzymes).
Incorrect information transfer could also potentially cause the mRNA molecule to stabilize and start the process of translation within the nucleus of the cell, rather than being transported out to the cytoplasm as normally expected. This unusual situation could potentially disrupt normal cell function. Additionally, initiation factors might not be able to bind to mRNA and the large ribosomal subunit may not be able to interact with mRNA transcripts. This would further disrupt protein synthesis.
These errors can ultimately lead to a variety of biological issues, such as genetic disorders, if not corrected by the cell's repair machinery.
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What type of cross produces a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio?
The 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio is produced by crossing heterozygous individuals with a recessive homozygous individual in a test cross, often used to determine the genotype of an individual with a dominant phenotype but unknown genotype.
A type of cross that typically produces a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio is one involving two parents that are heterozygous for a gene with two alleles and are making a test cross with a recessive homozygous individual. For example, if a plant with the genotype RrYy (R for round seeds and Y for yellow seeds are dominant traits) is crossed with a plant with the genotype rryy (recessive traits for wrinkled and green seeds), the offspring will show a 1:1:1:1 ratio of these phenotypes: RrYy (round, yellow), Rryy (round, green), rrYy (wrinkled, yellow), and rryy (wrinkled, green). This kind of cross is used to determine the genotype of an individual expressing the dominant phenotype but has an unknown genotype.
Which of these is a characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy?
The characteristic of body cells that require large amounts of energy is they have numerous mitochondria. The correct option is a.
What is energy?Energy is an entity that is required by organisms and everything for motion and energy and other activities. Cells require energy to carry out the processes of metabolic.
Both plant and animal cells have mitochondria, a type of cell organelle. Since prokaryotic cells don't have cell organelles, they don't possess them. It is the main place that is used for energy synthesis.
Animal genetic material is found in cell organelles such as the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and nucleus because animal cells are multicellular.
Therefore, the correct option is a, they have numerous mitochondria.
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The question is incomplete. Your most probably complete question is given below:
They have numerous mitochondria.
They have a large number of Golgi bodies.
They have two nuclei.
They have a large number of ER.
Cells needing lots of energy possess abundant mitochondria which serve as energy producers.
Mitochondria are organelles known as the power plants of the cell that produce energy. Cells requiring large amounts of energy, like sperm and muscle cells, have an abundance of mitochondria. Various cellular functions such as muscle contraction and digestion rely on energy consumption.
Humans are the only species that can endanger another species. true or false.
Answer:
It is false
Explanation:
In mitosis what percentage of dna comes from the parent
A forty-five-year-old woman is a heavy drinker, smoker, and has had many sexual partners. Certain types of the female reproductive cancers run in her family. Based upon her history, which of the following conditions are controllable risk factors for this woman?
A.
her sexual partners and her age
B.
her age and heredity
C.
heredity and her sexual behavior
D.
her sexual behavior and smoking
Answer:
The correct answer is option D, that is, her sexual behavior and smoking.
Explanation:
In the given case, sexual behavior and smoking are the controllable risk elements for the woman. She has no control over her age, the number of sex partners she has had in the past, or her heredity. So she can now just try to minimize her risk of developing cancers by becoming more sensible when it comes to sex and should always make sure that is safe, and at the same time should either quit or reduce smoking.
the classification of clouds is based on their...
A. Color and form
B. Density and color
C. Form and height
D. Height and density
Option C, form and height, is the right answer.
A cloud is an aggregation or accumulation of little water drops and icicle crystals that are dissolved in the planet atmosphere. They are bodies that consist of enormous density and dimensions and therefore it is apparent to unprotected eyes. The clouds are classified on the basis of their shape and height. Cirrus, Cumulus and Stratus are the three types of Clouds. These clouds are further divided on the basis of their altitude or height.