Answer: Neurotransmission
Explanation:
The transfer of the information from one neuron to another takes place through the release of the chemical substances from the axon of one neuron to the dendrite of another via synaptic junction.
The chemicals that is transferred between two neurons is known as neurotransmitter and the process is known as neurotransmission.
The brain consists of multiple neurons and this is how the information is transferred across the brain and body.
Which of the following type of immune cells are mismatched with their functions? Group of answer choices memory T-cells—mediate apoptosis cytotoxic T-cells—destroy virus-infected cells helper T-cells—secrete cytokines to control immune responses plasma cells—secrete antibodies
Answer:
Memory T-cells—mediate apoptosis
Explanation:
T-lymphocytes on maturation form many types of T cells like a cytotoxic cell, helper T cell, regulatory T cell, memory T cell and others.
The cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells are the major T cells which play important role in eliminating the pathogen as the Helper T cell produces cytokines which stimulate other immune cells and Cytotoxic cells kill the virus intracellular antigens or virus-infected cells.
The Plasma cells secrete antibodies which interact with an antigen and eliminate the pathogen but the memory T cells formed after the interaction with antigen does not mediate apoptosis but they provide a rapid immune response to the infection that has affected in the past by proliferating themselves into effector cells.
Thus, Memory T-cells—mediate apoptosis is the correct answer.
Which of the following is not a result of hydrogen bonds?
A. Two hydrogen atoms join together to form a molecule of hydrogen gas.
B. An enzyme has a unique shape that allows it to bond only with specific molecules.
C. Two strands of DNA are linked together taking a shape similar to a ladder.
D.Some hair is straight, some wavy, and some very curly.
Answer:
Answer is A. Two hydrogen atoms join together to form a molecule of hydrogen gas.
Explanation:
The electromagnetic attraction existing between hydrogen and other electronegative atom, such as nitrogen or oxygen, is known as hydrogen bond. It can also be explained as the electromagnetic attraction occurring when hydrogen binds to a higher or larger atom such as nitrogen.
Note that , the bond existing between two hydrogen atoms resulting in the formation of a molecule of hydrogen gas is covalent bond. Covalent bond can simply be explained as the sharing of electrons.
The study of chemicals and bonds is called chemistry.
The correct answer is A which is Two hydrogen atoms joining together to form a molecule of hydrogen gas.
What is a hydrogen bond?The bond formed between the hydrogen is called a hydrogen bond.The electromagnetic attraction existing between hydrogen and another electronegative atom, such as nitrogen or oxygen, is known as a hydrogen bond. It can also be explained as the electromagnetic attraction occurring when hydrogen bonds to a higher or larger atom such as nitrogen.
Note that, the bond existing between two hydrogen atoms resulting in the formation of a molecule of hydrogen gas is a covalent bond.
A covalent bond can simply be explained as the sharing of electrons.
Hence, the answer is mentioned as described.
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Neuroimaging techniques such as PET suggest a link between Capgras syndrome and abnormalities in each of the following brain regions EXCEPT the?
Answer:
fusiform face area.
Explanation:
If you were designing this experiment for a fertilizer manufacturer, what changes would you make in the experimental design to be confident that your results would be accepted as fact by the scientific community? Explain your answer
Answer:
You have not stated the experiment that is being done here.
I want to believe it is The experimental design and fertilizer applications for organic manures
Explanation:
You need to test some plants in the experiment more than once. This test needs to be carried out on different plants so as to confirm its importance.
Some factors needs to be considered like the different types of fertilizers available and these need to be tested.
Change the abiotic and biotic factors to determine productivity.
Answer the following questions.1. List and describe the anatomical components that make up a muscle fiber. 2. List the components of a motor unit. 3. What are the steps in excitation–contraction coupling? 4. What is the role of calcium in muscle contraction? 5. Describe the sliding filament theory. How do muscle fibers shorten? 6. What are the basic characteristics that differ between type I and type II muscle fibers? 7. What is the role of genetics in determining the proportions of muscle fiber types and the potential for success in selected activities? 8. Describe the relation between muscle force development and the recruitment of type I and type II motor units. 9. Explain, and give examples of, how concentric, static, and eccentric contractions differ. 10. What two mechanisms are used by the body to increase force production in a single muscle? 11. What is the optimal length of a muscle for maximal force development? 12. What is the relation between maximal force development and the speed of shortening (concentric) and lengthening (eccentric) contractions? 13. In muscle contraction, what roles are played by the protein titin? 14. Why do previously trained muscles adapt more quickly to retraining after a period of disuse?
The Calcium bind with actin and troponin is removed that was blocking. Now myosin can attach and start contracting.
What made the Muscular system?
The muscular system of a body is made up of muscles and muscles are made up of millions of muscle fibers.
A muscle fiber is made up of small units called sarcomere, which contains actin and myosin fibers.
A muscle contracts when action potential spread in the sarcomere space the calcium is released due to action potential.
Calcium bind with actin and troponin is removed that was blocking. Now myosin can attach and start contracting.
Therefore, the Calcium bind with actin and troponin is removed that was blocking. Now myosin can attach and start contracting.
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alternative versions of the same gene, like purple and white flower color, are termed____.
Answer: Alleles
Explanation: Alleles are described as either dominant or recessive depending on their associated traits.
Natural selection suggests that creatures with mutations disadvantageous to survival will not live to reproduce, yet there are examples, such as albino animals, found occasionally. Do these exceptions discredit natural selection? Explain your answer.
Answer:
No, these exceptions do not discredit natural selection.
Explanation:
Natural selection tends to favour those organisms which are better adapted to live in an environment. But it does not completely remove the other organisms from the world that are less adapted to live in an environment. Usually, the number of these organisms that are not favoured by natural selection is very less as compared to the number of organisms which are favoured by natural selection. As we see, the number of albino animals is far lesser as compared to their wild-type animals.
Answer: These types of exceptions do NOT discredit natural selection.
Explanation:
Natural selection is based on the odds that certain traits will not adapt well in certain environments and ecosystems. It recognizes that organisms with mutations may be disadvantageous or not since the mutation is non-specific. In instances such as albinoism, the mutation is more likely to be disadvantageous though in some environments (like the desert) it could be a benefit. Natural selection is not an exact science or absolute rule, it is based on probabilities and variations, so exceptions will always exist.
Which of the following exposure factors will produce the greatest receptor exposure?
A: 100 mA, 50 ms
B: 200 mA, 40 ms
C: 400 mA, 70 ms
D: 600 mA, 30 ms
400 mA, 70 ms is the following exposure factors will produce the greatest receptor exposure.
C: 400 mA, 70 ms
Explanation:
As SID builds, the introduction rate diminishes and receptor presentation diminishes. SID and the mAs required to keep up the introduction to the IR have a straightforwardly corresponding relationship (as the SID builds, the mAs required to keep up presentation to the IR increments by a corresponding sum).
An expanded SID likewise decreases amplification (size twisting). The most extreme SID ought to be utilized when conceivable to limit amplification. Infrequently, however, the SID can be purposefully diminished for amplification. SID influences size yet not shape twisting.
Which specialty area would be most interested in identifying the brain-activation patterns associated with a person's perception of different objects?
Answer: Coherence analysis
Explanation: Coherence analysis indicates the brain activation pattern and and shows similarity of frequency information between areas in the brain.
Margination refers to Margination refers to dilation of blood vessels. the movement of phagocytes through walls of blood vessels. the chemotactic response of phagocytes. adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels.
Answer:
The correct answer is- adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels.
Explanation:
The proper functioning of phagocytes or white blood cells is not possible without the adherence ability of these cells to the vascular epithelium. So to facilitate the adhesion the phagocytes migrate towards the site through blood.
Margination is the adherence and accumulation of phagocytes on the blood vessel lining present at the injury site. It is a part of inflammatory response. The margination depends on various conditions like flow rate, red blood cell aggregation, local hematocrit, etc. Therefore the correct answer is-adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels.
Answer:
Adherence of phagocytes to the lining of blood vessels.
Explanation:
Margination is the process of the movement of the selected particles across the walls of the particular channels. The particles can easilu undergo margination in blood.
The margination is useful for the clearance of the blood from the pathogens and separation of the effected cells. The margination is also performed by the immune cells especially macrophages for for the phagocytic activity and adherence with the blood vessels lining.
Thus, the correct answer is option (4).
Genetic drift results in selection for individuals that are better adapted to their environments. True False
Answer: False.
Genetic drift is a stochastic process that occurs randomly through time. It refers to random fluctuations in allele frequencies due to chance events (small population size).
Explanation: Factors that can affect genetic diversity are Genetic drift, mutation, selection, migration, non-random mating and recombination.
Of these factors, forces that majorly control the fate of genetic variation in populations are genetic drift and natural selection.
Genetic drift refers to random fluctuations in allele frequencies due to chance events (small population size).
Natural selection involves environmental conditions acting on wild plant or animal populations or species. Most fit in a selection refers to genotype or phenotype with greater average reproductive output over it's lifespan than other genotypes or phenotypes.
A client visits an orthopedic specialist because of pain beginning in the low back and radiating behind the right thigh and down below the right knee. The doctor suspects a diagnosis of sciatica. The nurse knows that the origin of the pain is between which intervertebral disks?
ANSWER: The origin of the pain is from the intervertebral disks of the lumbosacral spine.
EXPLANATION:
Sciatica is pain in the lower extremity resulting from irritation of the sciatic nerve.
The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body and begins from nerve roots in the lumbar spinal cord in the low back and extends through the buttock area to send nerve endings down the lower limb.
Sciatica is caused by irritation of the root(s) of the lower lumbar and lumbosacral spine. Additional common causes of sciatica include: Lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back) Degenerative disc disease (breakdown of discs, which act as cushions between the vertebrae).
Answer:
L4, L5, and S1
Explanation:
The lower lumbar disks, L4–L5 and L5–S1, are subject to the greatest mechanical stress and the greatest degenerative changes. Disk protrusion (herniated nucleus pulposus) or facet joint changes can cause pressure on nerve roots as they leave the spinal canal, which results in pain that radiates along the nerve.
The unit used to measure period is the ____
A. hertz
B. second
c. meter
D. millimeter
Answer:
Answer is B.
Explanation:
Period is duration of time.
Period can be of a second,minute,hour or of Some years.We will give unit according to the duration of time.In the given options second is most obvious because it is used to measure time.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
ape x
Which figurative language technique is used in the sentence: "I couldn't have lived without giving you a present."
answer choices
onomotopoeia
simile
personification
hyperbole
In the Meselson-Stahl experiment, which mode of replication was eliminated based on data derived after one generation of replication?
a. conservative
b. semiconservative
c. dispersive
d. none of the modes
Answer: conservative model
Explanation: DNA isolated after one generation produced a single band which was a higher and intermediate in density between the heavy and light Nitrogen isotopic DNA used, showing that the first generation was a hybrid DNA. This observation fit with the dispersive and semi-conservative models only. And so at this generation, the conservative model was discarded.
Answer: CONSERVATIVE
Explanation:MESELSON-STAHL EXPERIMENT is an experiment carried out by Matthew Meselson and Franklin Stahl in the year 1958 which supported Watson and Crick's hypothesis that DNA replication was semiconservative.
After the completion of the first replication cycle,it was discovered that the replication is not a complete conservative process but a semi-conservative in nature. It shows that when DNA replicates one of the Helical strand is from the
one strand from the original or old helix and one newly synthesized helix.
Explain the relationship between the terms chromosome
Answer:mdkcjcjcjc
Explanation:jdjdmdjdmc
Answer:
What is a chromosome? In the nucleus of each cell, the DNA molecule is packaged into thread-like structures called chromosomes. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled many times around proteins called histones that support its structure.
You are accidentally stuck with a needle used to administer a medication to a patient with a known history of hepatitis B. You have already completed your hepatitis B vaccine series. In this case, which of the following statements is true?A) You need to report the needle stick to your supervisor as soon as possible.B) You have complete protection from hepatitis B and no further action is needed.C) You have two weeks from the time of exposure to start medical care for a potential infection.D) You will have to get another series of three vaccines to give you protection in the future.
Answer:
A) You need to report the needle stick to your supervisor as soon as possible.
Explanation:
To begin, every accident in a hospital has to be immediatly reported to the supervisor in charge. Even if it wasn´t harmful, there are several forms that have to be filled in order to avoid further accidents.
Also, the supervisor has to follow the procedures needed. In this case, even though you have all the vaccines, in order to prevent any symptom, you have to be in medication immediatly, not in two weeks but right away.
The other set of vaccines is not needed because you were already in contact with the infection and your inmunity system already made defenses for further exposures.
The nurse is instructing a patient with recurrent hyperkalemia about following a potassium-restricted diet. Which of the following patient statements indicates the need for additional instruction?
a) "I need to check if my cola beverage has potassium in it."
b) "I will not salt my food, instead I'll use salt substitute."
c) "I'll drink cranberry juice with my breakfast instead of coffee."
d) "Bananas have a lot of potassium in them, I'll stop buying them."
Answer:
"I will not salt my food, instead I'll use salt substitute."
Explanation:
Hyperkalemia may be defined as the medical condition in which the individual has high level of potassium in the body. This hyperkalemia can cause different diseases like cardiac arrest and can also cause death.
The hyperkalemia must be treated on time. The individual must be on low potassium diet. Avoid medicines that can increase the potassium levels and the administration of the sodium bicarbonates. The salt that has low potassium and high sodium concentration must be included in the diet.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
The town council wanted to beautify the streets by planting trees along the curbs in front of houses whose trees had died, Melinda refused to have new trees planted at her curb_________.
Answer:
The options
A. Comma splice
B. Fused sentence
The CORRECT ANSWER IS A.
A. Comma splice
Explanation:
In English grammar, a comma splice can also be called a comma fault.
It occurs when the comma is uesd to join two independent clauses or complete sentences with a comma and no conjunction.
This form of writing is often used in literary writing to portrait a certain mood of informality.
A comma splices can be corrected in three varying ways such as:
-using a coordinating conjunction (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to come right after the comma.
-converting the comma to semicolon.
-converting the comma to a period
What are the characteristic of water-soluble hormones?
Final answer:
Water-soluble hormones, deriving mostly from amino acids or peptides, cannot diffuse through cell membranes due to their hydrophilic nature and therefore bind to external cell receptors, unlike lipid-soluble hormones which can traverse cell membranes and bind to internal receptors.
Explanation:
Characteristics of Water-Soluble Hormones
The main characteristic of water-soluble hormones is that they are not able to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane due to their hydrophilic nature. These hormones typically derive from amino acids (such as epinephrine and norepinephrine) or are peptides (like oxytocin and growth hormone). They must bind to receptors on the surface of target cells because they cannot traverse the cell membrane on their own. Once bound, these hormones trigger a signal cascade inside the cell, often involving second messengers such as cAMP (cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate).
In contrast, lipid-soluble hormones, which are derived from lipids like cholesterol, can diffuse directly through the cell membrane and interact with receptors inside the cell. These include steroid hormones such as estrogen and testosterone. These lipid-soluble hormones also tend to transport in the bloodstream bound to specific proteins that maintain their solubility.
In summary, water-soluble hormones are usually amino acid-derived or peptide hormones that are hydrophilic and require cell surface receptors to exert their effects, cannot directly pass through the cell membrane, and circulate the bloodstream in a free form rather than bound to transport proteins.
Final answer:
Water-soluble hormones are hydrophilic, amino acid-derived or peptides that bind to cell surface receptors, triggering actions through second messengers since they cannot directly enter cells. They circulate freely in the bloodstream.
Explanation:
Characteristics of Water-Soluble Hormones
The characteristics of water-soluble hormones pertain to their molecular structure, transport in the bloodstream, and mechanism of action within the target cells. Unlike lipid-soluble hormones such as steroid hormones, water-soluble hormones are generally amino acid-derived or peptides and are not able to diffuse directly across the lipid bilayer of cell membranes.
Since these hormones are hydrophilic, they cannot penetrate the cell membrane. Thus, they bind to specific membrane-bound receptor molecules on the surface of the target cells. This binding triggers a series of biochemical events within the cell, often involving so-called second messenger molecules, which then leads to the desired response.
Water-soluble hormones circulate in the bloodstream in a free form, without the need for transport proteins. This is in contrast to steroid and thyroid hormones that circulate in the blood bound to specific transport proteins like Thyroxine Binding Globulin (TBG).
What action must a Marine take to accomplish the task of enabling themselves and their Marines to assume progressively greater responsibilities in the Marine Corps and society?
Marines must go through a process of resocialization to assume greater responsibilities in the Marine Corps and society.
Explanation:The action that a Marine must take to enable themselves and their Marines to assume progressively greater responsibilities in the Marine Corps and society is to go through a process of resocialization. This process involves learning discipline, a capacity for hard work, and setting aside personal goals for the greater good.
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To enable Marines to assume greater responsibilities, leaders must prioritize continuous learning, mentorship, challenging assignments, and instilling core values like honor and commitment.
To enable themselves and their Marines to assume progressively greater responsibilities in the Marine Corps and society, a Marine must prioritize several actions. Firstly, they should cultivate a culture of continuous learning and personal development within their unit, encouraging Marines to seek out opportunities for growth and education. This includes promoting formal education programs, professional military education, and civilian education options.
Additionally, effective mentorship is crucial. Marines should actively mentor and be mentored, passing on knowledge, skills, and leadership experience. By fostering a supportive environment where junior Marines feel empowered to voice their ideas and concerns, leaders can help them develop confidence and critical thinking skills necessary for assuming greater responsibilities.
Furthermore, leaders must provide challenging assignments and opportunities for leadership roles, allowing Marines to demonstrate their capabilities and hone their leadership skills. Encouraging a mindset of accountability and ownership of tasks fosters initiative and prepares Marines for higher-level responsibilities.
Lastly, emphasizing the Marine Corps' core values of honor, courage, and commitment instills a sense of duty and responsibility, both within the Corps and in society at large, preparing Marines to excel in leadership roles on and off the battlefield.
Which statements explain how lakes form? Check all that apply. Lava flows block a river. Streams flow into shallow areas. Groundwater feeds into low-lying areas. Ice sheets leave depressions that fill with water. Movement of Earth's crust creates low areas that fill with water.
Options A,D,E
lakes formed by:
Lava flows block a river.Ice sheets leave depressions that fill with water. Movement of Earth's crust creates low areas that fill with water.Explanation:
Lakes that develop in the holes of volcanoes are infinite in regions that are obedient to volcanic action. Lava spills from volcanic action can also create lakes. Enormous chunks of ice are sliced off and concealed by silt and pebbles. Meanwhile, the ice melts, the grit and pebbles cave in, bequeathing a deep gap at back.
These stew pots may produce substantial quagmires or lakes. As the huge portion of ice flows, outpourings design below the icebergs. A depression develops when an inadequate segment of the earth’s crust divides, ending in an earthquake. Rainfall and groundwater may accumulate in this depression, producing a lake.
Neuroglia do not conduct impulses; they protect the nervous system through phagocytosis by engulfing and digesting any unwanted substances.
A. True
B. False
Answer:
Answer is A. True.
Explanation:
The neuroglia are not neurons but are also found in the nervous system. And their functions include the support they render to the neurons, and maintain the equilibrium of the nervous system.
There are various examples of neuroglia, and they are found in both central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
Those that are found in the central nervous system include,
1. Oligodendrocytes.....which provide structural frame work.
2. Microglia...they remove waste by phagocytosis.
3. Astrocytes.... they maintain blood brain barrier.
4. Ependymal.... help in the production of cerebrospinal fluid.
Those in the peripheral nervous system include
1. Satellite cells.....they regulate nutrients.
2. Schwann cells...they myelinate axons
Toward the end of the last ice age, what power source was discovered that helped humans transition away from a nomadic lifestyle?
Answer:
Quaternary glaciation is the most recent ice age, starting from 3000 years ago and continuing until today, but several glacial and interglacial periods are recognized, currently living in the ice age in Antarctica, Greenland and the Arctic (Regions covered with ice), but it is also in interglacial limitations, due to the warm climates of the planet, it is also assumed that in conjunction with the ice age that was lived, phenomena that allowed advances in man with respect to its source of energy and its lifestyle that is explained with Prehistory.
In the Palaeolithic, the first human beings who inhabited a 7000 years ago feed on fish and other animals. These human beings moved from one place to another, so they were nomads, lived in caves, cabins and outdoors. It was then that 7 million years ago they discovered more profitable and evolved energy sources. Likewise, they already lived in villages and towns, these humans stopped being nomads and became sedentary in their lifestyles. They also managed to manufacture stone tools and vessels.
When created an mRNA, a cell matched a T with a G. This led to a different amino acid being added during translation. When this happens, what is it called?
Answer:
Substitution error
Explanation:
This is a type of mutation that rarely happens, it does not effect the order its read in so its not a frameshift which could be a deletion or addition. So its substitution.
A researcher introduces double-stranded RNA into a culture of mammalian cells. The double-stranded RNA corresponds to a region of a protein-coding gene of interest. How may the introduced RNA affect gene expression in these cells?
Final answer:
Introducing double-stranded RNA into mammalian cells can initiate RNA interference, leading to the degradation of complementary mRNA and subsequent downregulation of the target protein synthesis, thus affecting gene expression.
Explanation:
Effects of Double-Stranded RNA on Mammalian Gene Expression
When double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) corresponding to a specific protein-coding gene is introduced into mammalian cells, it can trigger the process of RNA interference (RNAi). This occurs as the enzyme DICER attaches to the dsRNA and cleaves it into short fragments. A single strand from these fragments is then incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The RISC searches for and binds to an mRNA that is complementary to the RNA fragment. If a match is found, the mRNA is targeted for degradation, effectively silencing the gene from which the mRNA was transcribed. This leads to a decrease or complete cessation in the production of the protein coded by the gene, impacting gene expression in the cells.
The RNAi pathway is a critical regulatory mechanism in cells, used not only for developmental processes but also as a defense against viruses. Upon the introduction of siRNA or miRNA, the RISC complex can either cleave perfectly matched mRNA or inhibit translation if the miRNA is not fully complementary. This post-transcriptional regulation is an important tool in controlling gene expression and is leveraged in research and therapeutic interventions.
Final answer:
Double-stranded RNA introduced into mammalian cells activates RNA interference (RNAi), leading to the degradation of mRNA with a matching sequence, thereby reducing gene expression temporarily. Continuous gene suppression is achievable with shRNA synthesized by the cell.
Explanation:
When double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is introduced into mammalian cells, it engages a cellular mechanism known as RNA interference (RNAi) which affects gene expression. Researchers Mello and Fire discovered that dsRNA, not single-stranded antisense RNA, interfered with gene expression, chopping up the dsRNA into smaller fragments that block mRNA's function in protein synthesis. The enzyme DICER attaches to the dsRNA and cuts it into short fragments. These fragments are then incorporated into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which degrades any mRNA matching the sequence of the RNA fragment.
Furthermore, the use of a DNA vector encoding a small hairpin RNA (shRNA) allows for the continuous synthesis of sequences against a specific gene in mammalian cells. The shRNA is processed into typical siRNA molecules that maintain the RNAi effect for an extended period. This technique has practical applications, such as creating caffeine-free coffee plants through genetic engineering, representing a significant advancement in RNAi technology.
The DNA in a bacterial (prokaryotic) chromosome is best described as:
A) a single circular double-helical molecule.
B) a single linear double-helical molecule.
C) a single linear single-stranded molecule.
D) multiple linear double-helical molecules.
E) multiple linear single-stranded molecules.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Unlike the linear, double stranded, helical, supercoiled Eukaryotic chromosome, the prokaryotic bacterial chromosome is circular, single molecule of double stranded, helical, supercoiled DNA.
The bacteria DNA is said to be circular because the two ends of the double-stranded DNA are covalently bond together to form both a physical and genetic circle.
Plasmid another genetic material in bacterial are circular, double stranded DNA molecules that replicate independently if the bacteria DNA.
In a nursing class the instructor explains the vulnerability of the organ systems during formation, such as the respiratory and circulatory systems, to environmental influences. This process of organ formation is called ________
Answer:
organogenesis
Explanation:
Organogenesis is defined as a process in which the three germ layers differentiate further to form several organs.
The embryonic stem cell is responsible for determining the ultimate cell type. During this process, neural system is formed and several morphological changes occur. The neural system further differentiates and develops to form neural tube and ultimately converts into brain and spinal cord. While folds and dense clusters are formed in the embryo that later form organs.
The secondary structure of proteins results because of _____ bonding between molecules in the protein molecules' backbone.
Answer:
Hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
The newly synthesised proteins as a result of the process of translation are linear structures formed by linear arrangement of amino acids.
The linear structure of a protein is known as the primary structure which changes its conformation and take the shape of either the helix or the pleated sheet. This helical or pleated sheet structure is known as a secondary structure.
The secondary structure is formed due to the bond formed between the hydrogen of the carbonyl group and the amino group which form the backbone of the protein structure. The hydrogen bond causes the linear polypeptide to form spiral helical or bend pleated sheet.
Thus, Hydrogen bonding is the correct answer.
The secondary structure of proteins is due to hydrogen bonding between molecules in the protein's backbone. This helps form the overall shape of the protein, influencing its function.
Explanation:The secondary structure of proteins results due to the hydrogen bonding between molecules in the protein molecules' backbone. This hydrogen bonding occurs between the oxygen atom of one amino acid and the nitrogen atom of another. It leads to the formation of alpha-helix and beta-pleated sheet structures in the protein. These secondary structures contribute towards the overall three-dimensional shape of the protein molecule, which in turn, influences its function in our bodies.
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Which of the following is NOT an exotic species that has caused unforeseen ecological disruption where it has been introduced, whether accidentally or deliberately?
Answer:
All of the above have caused ecological disruption
Explanation:
Ecological disruption can be described as a kind of disturbance, whether of biological or non-biological origin which affects the pattern of a particular ecosystem. Disruptions might be caused due to factors such as weather changes or biotic factors such as the invasion of a predator species which disrupts the whole food web of an ecosystem. Any new species, when introduced in a stable ecosystem, will cause disruption in some way or the other.