Answer:
A Data Base Management System (DBMS)
Explanation:
Databases refer to organized data collection mostly stored and accessed by computers and other electronic systems/devices. In other to effectively store, retrieve, manipulate/change data items in a database, a software package called a Data Base Management System (DBMS) is required. This software allows the manipulation, retrieval and general management of the data in the database. popular examples of DBMS are MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server. Therefore in a client/server system as stated in the this question, each server will require a DBMS installed to allow interaction with users and other applications, in order to capture, store, and manage data.
In the lab, you used the filter box in Wireshark to remove traffic from port 3389. What is that port used for? What filter syntax could you use to show only the Ping traffic that was generated in the lab?
Answer:
Port 3389 is used for remote desktop access to graphical interfaces.
The syntax used to track ping traffic is " tcp.port eq 25 or icmp".
Explanation:
Wireshark is a network packet sniffer tool used to analysing and troubleshooting packet transmission in a network.
The ping command is used in a network to check or confirm connectivity between two devices in the network. It sends ICMP message echos to the specified IP address and receives it back if there is connection. To get the ping traffic in wireshark the command syntax " tcp.port eq 25 or icmp" is used.
The port 3389 is a TCP and UDP listening port for the Microsoft proprietary protocol called remote desktop protocol or connection used to remotely connect to the graphical interface of other system running the RDP server.
The two types of real-number constants are:
a. decimal, binary
b. encoded, binary
c. decimal, encoded
d. BCD, ASCII
Answer:
c. decimal, encoded
Explanation:
Decimal: in this type of real number constant, it consists of not more than 63 digits and either includes a decimal point or not within the range of binary integers e.g 37.5
Encoded: in this type of real number constant, it is used to put number, letter into a specialized format for efficient transmission or for storage e.g code used for text by most computers is (ASCII).
A customer wants to control several computers with a single set of input devices. What solution should you provide for them?
Answer:
The correct answer to the following question will be "KVM".
Explanation:
A KVM Switch is a data center hardware system that allows different computer devices to be operated from a common keyboard, screen, and mouse.The move then lets data center workers link to any device in the stack.Therefore, if a customer requests to use a single set of devices (input) to control multiple computers then we must have them as a KVM.
What do you think that current household products that do not contain microprocessors will contain microprocessors in the next 20 years? Why?
Answer:
Explanation:
Yes we could find microprocessors almost everything even in ourself because this technology revolution is stronger day to day, and smart thing is the future, there are smartphones, watch, even houses, nowadays there are houses and hotels with smart technology even in the curtains, with a voice command we can program activities like wash or clean, and all these products have microprocessors.
Which utility program reads an assembly language source file and produces an object file?
a. compiler
b. linker
c. assembler
d. loader
Answer:
Assembler
Explanation:
Assembler is a type of utility program that is used to change the assembly language to machine code. it utilized the commands from assembly code to change them to binary code.
it used to change 2 types of symbols like assembler symbol and programmer symbols.
it makes the work easily by converting the language code into a readable form to the operating system.
The utility program which reads an assembly language source file and produces an object file is; Choice C: Assembler
Assemblers are share quite some similarities to compilers in that they produce executable code.
However, An assembler is a utility program which converts assembly language into machine code. This is done by taking the basic commands and operations from assembly code and converts them into binary code that can be recognized by a specific type of processor.
Read more on Assemblers;
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David is working in a database that organizes student exam grade information. He needs to find all students who have scored 100 on an exam. David can apply a(n) ________ to the data in order to show only records that meet the criteria.
Answer:
David can apply filter to the data in order to show only records that meet the criteria.
Explanation:
Filter is a very helpful option that displays the records that you want to view, hiding rest of the unwanted records.Sometimes you want to extract and view only the records that match a specific criteria instead of viewing all the records.For example in the CUSTOMERS table which contains names, addresses, countries of customers. There are several customers from different countries but you only want to view the customers from Spain. So you can use filter feature to view all the customers from country Spain. In MS Access you can apply filters using Sort & Filter group in the Home tab by selecting the desired column. In SQL, WHERE clause can be used along with SELECT to for filtering and extracting certain records. SELECT will select the records from the table and WHERE clause will specify the criteria to select the certain records.Given an integer as input, print all the integers starting from 1 up to but not including that number. Print one number per line. For example if the input is 4 the output should be: 1 2 3
Answer:
intNum = int(input("Enter an Integer "))
for i in range(1,intNum):
print(i)
Explanation:
Firstly and integer variable intNum is declared. Using Python's input function, we prompt the user to enter a value and assign it to intNum
Then we use the range function to iterate from the integer 1 up to but not including intNum and print out the values.
see sample code and output attached
The code for printing the one number per line is,
#Prompt the user to enter the input.
num_str = input ("Input an int: ")
#Run the loop from 1 to (num_str - 1).
for k in range(1, num_str):
#Display the value of k.
print k
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"Explain the functionality of the different layers found in the network protocol stack of an operating system such as Linux"
Answer:
There are 7 layers in linux.
Explanation:
As networking is difficult and complex.
Imagine if every application had to know how to communicate on every step that would be more than just complex. So, rather than reinvent something which will help it to communicate let’s just make something that will automatically controls the communication and for that protocols came in to live.
As for the linux operating system, it is not exceptional from other operating systems.
There are 7 layers on network protocol stack use to communicate with other network protocol stack.
1. Application layer
2. System call interface
3. Protocol agnostic interface
4. Network protocol
5. Device agnostic interface
6. Device drivers
7. Physical hardware
All the layers vary in their functionality.
One more important thing to remember is that the network protocol stack layers is not one way its 2 way communication. First, when a client request to a network and second, when the request is full filled.
The top most layer is a part of user space, the next five layers comes in the kernel space and the final layer is the physical layer.
Application layer:
When a client or user request to a network the request initially comes to this layer.
On this layer we use tcp/ip protocol.
System call interface(SCI):
When application layer make a call to the kernel this layer handles that call. And take the request to the next layer.
Protocol agnostic interface:
This layer has two functions “talking” or “listening”. There is a thing called sockets which perform these functions and each socket has an id which is used specifically for an application.
Network protocol:
This layer is used for how the data is sent or received.
Device agnostic interface:
It is used to connect data from/to kernel user space and the network device drivers which allows the data to prepare itself for transmission over the medium from the network device.
Physical hardware :
This layer is responsible for the data packets transmission and received from the network medium being used whether cable or wireless.
A simulation model includes: a. a description of the components of the system. b. a simulation clock. c. a definition of the state of the system.
Answer: all of the above
Explanation:
Software applications that generate information are located in the first tier of n-tier architectures.A. TrueB. False
Answer: FALSE
Explanation:-N-tier application architecture is a system by which developers can make flexible and reusable applications. By separating an application into tiers developers can easily modifying or add particular layer, instead of working on already existing application.
N-tier architectures can be classified into three tiers known as
PRESENTATION TIER(main function is to receive and transfer data to the logic tier and in turn recieve information from the logic tierand transfer to the user).
LOGIC TIER( it does all the calculations and through logic process data accordingly).
DATA TIER( information are stored and retrieved to the logic tier for processing and transfer). Generation of information happens in the third tier(Data tier).
The kings and queens of England are listed in a relation Kings(name,nickname,house,beginReign,endReign). Their name is unique, either using a Roman numeral to distinguish them, e.g., 'Edward I' or 'Edward II', or in a few cases using their nickname, e.g., 'Edward the Confessor'. The attribute nickname is an additional appelation, if they have one and it is not used in their name to distinguish them, e.g., 'The Unready'. The value of nickname is NULL if there is no nickname. The attribute house is the dynasty, e.g., 'Tudor'. Attribute beginReign and endReign are integers, the first and last years, respectively, that the king or queen was on the throne. There is also a relation Parents(child,parent). Both attributes are the names of kings or queens, with the obvious connection that the first is a child of the second. Write the following queries: Who was king in the year 1000? Give the name and nickname. Find all the pairs of kings or queens (A,B) such that A was the great grandchild of B. Find the name and nickname of all kings or queens that have a nickname that does not begin with "The". Find the names of those kings or queens that were the parent of two or more kings or queens. List each such person only once. Find for each house the number of kings or queens of that house. Several times in British history, kings or queens have deposed one another, so that their reigns overlapped. Find all such pairs, listing the pairs in both orders; i.e., list both (A,B) and (B,A). However, be careful not to list pairs A and B where the only overlap is that A's reign ended in the same year that B's began, or vice-versa.
Answer:
The answers to each question are explained below
Explanation:
Who was king in the year 1000? Give the name and nickname.
Query:
SELECT name, nickname FROM Kings
WHERE beginReign <=1000 AND endReign >=1000;
Explanation:
SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.
name and nickname are columns of Kings table.
FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.
Kings is a table name.
WHERE is used to specify a condition based on which the data is to be retrieved. The conditions are as follows:
beginReign <=1000
endReign >=1000
AND clause between the conditions indicate that both the conditions must be true.
Find all the pairs of kings or queens (A,B) such that A was the great grandchild of B.
Query:
SELECT p.child, ggp.parent
FROM Parents p, Parents gp, Parents ggp
WHERE p.parent = gp.child AND gp.parent = ggp.child;
Explanation:
SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.
child is a column of Parents table aliased as p(parent).
parent is a column of Parents table aliased as ggp (great grand father).
FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.
parents is a table name. Three aliases named p(parent), gp(grand father) and ggp(great grand father) are created.
WHERE is used to specify a condition based on which the data is to be retrieved. The conditions are as follows:
p.parent = gp.child
gp.parent = ggp.child;
AND clause between the conditions indicate that both the conditions must be true.
Find the names of those kings or queens that were the parent of two or more kings or queens. List each such person only once.
Query:
SELECT parent FROM Parents
GROUP by parent
HAVING COUNT(*) > 1;
Explanation:
SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.
parent is a column of Parents table .
FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.
parents is a table name.
Group by clause is used to group the data on column parent.
Having clause specifies the condition based on which the data is to be retrieved.
Find for each house the number of kings or queens of that house.
Query:
SELECT house, COUNT(name)
FROM Kings
GROUP by house;
Explanation:
SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.
house is a column of Kings table .
FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.
Kings is a table name.
Group by clause is used to group the data on column house.
Several times in British history, kings or queens have deposed one another, so that their reigns overlapped. Find all such pairs, listing the pairs in both orders; i.e., list both (A,B) and (B,A). However, be careful not to list pairs A and B where the only overlap is that A's reign ended in the same year that B's began, or vice-versa.
Query:
SELECT k1.name, k2.name FROM Kings k1, Kings k2
WHERE k1.name <> k2.name
AND k1.beginReign < k2.beginReign
AND k2.beginReign < k1.beginReign;
Explanation:
SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.
name is a column of Kings table.
FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.
Kings is a table name. Two aliases named k1 and k2 are created.
WHERE is used to specify a condition based on which the data is to be retrieved. The conditions are as follows:
k1.name <> k2.name
k1.beginReign < k2.beginReign
k2.beginReign < k1.beginReign;
AND clause between the conditions indicate that both the conditions must be true.
AND clause between the conditions indicate that both the conditions must be true.
SELECT name, nickname FROM KingsWHERE beginReign <=1000 AND endReign >=1000;SELECT is used to query the database and get back the specified fields.name and nickname are columns of Kings table.FROM is used to query the database and get back the preferred information by specifying the table name.Kings is a table name.WHERE is used to specify a condition based on which the data is to be retrieved. The conditions are as follows:beginReign <=1000endReign >=1000
Hence, AND clause between the conditions indicate that both the conditions must be true.
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For this exercise, you'll use the Rectangle class below (you can assume that the length and width are measured in feet).
Write a class named Carpet that has two data members: size and costPerSqFoot. It should have a constructor that takes a Rectangle object and a float as parameters and uses them to initialize its data members. It should also have a method named cost that asks the size data member for its area and uses that to calculate and return the cost of the Carpet. This is an example of class composition because the Carpet class contains a Rectangle object as one of its data members.
class Rectangle:
"""
Represents a geometric rectangle
"""
def __init__(self, length, width):
self.length = length
self.width = width
def area(self):
return self.length * self.width
def perimeter(self):
return 2 * self.length + 2 * self.width
Answer:
The solution code is written in Python:
class Carpet: def __init__(self, rect, cost): self.size = rect self.costPerSqFoot = cost def cost(self): carpetCost = self.size.area() * self.costPerSqFoot return carpetCostExplanation:
Presume that there is existence of Rectangle class as given in the question, Carpet class is written. The Carpet constructor is defined that take Rectangle object, rect, and cost as parameter (Line 2). To create data member of Carpet class, keyword "self" is used to precede with the name of the data members, size and costPerSqFoot (Line 3-4). The data members are initialized with the parameter rect and cost, respectively.
Next, cost method is defined (Line6 - 8). Within the cost method, the area method of Rectangle object is invoked by expression, self.size.area() and this will return the area value and multiplied with the costPerSqFoot to get the carpet cost and return it as output (Line 8).
A data center designer requested additional lighting for the entrance to the data center as well as the removal of a object which is blocking security view of the entrance.
This is an example of:
a.Site interrelationship design
b. Street design
c. Surveillance-specific design
d .Site design
Answer:
c. Surveillance-specific design.
Explanation:
Surveillance-specific design is a kind of design done by a data center designer that focuses on all factors that need to be considered before siting a surveillance device.
Answer:
C. . Surveillance-specific design
Explanation:
Designing and managing the operations of an effective surveillance system rely on two key principles:
Clear prioritization: What are the most critical data and analyses needed for the epidemiological zones with the highest epidemic potential? How can financial and technical resources be deployed most efficiently?
Flexibility: Do you have the ability to adjust where and when data are collected and analysed based on new information about the epidemic? Incorporating flexibility into your national surveillance plan design will help the programme be responsive and stay ahead of the epidemic.
One metric ton is approximately 2,205 pounds.
Write a program that prompts the user to input the amount of wheat, in pounds, a container can hold. The program outputs the number of containers needed to store one metric ton of wheat.
Answer:
Here is the C++ program
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
double tonne = 2205;
double container_capacity;
cout << "Enter amount of wheat in pounds that a contained can hold: ";
cin >> container_capacity;
cout << "Number of containers needed to store one metric ton of wheat: " << tonne / container_capacity ; }
Explanation:
In the body of main function, the first statement declares a double type variable tonne and assigns it a value of 2205 as it is given in the question that one metric ton is equal to 2205 pounds approx. Metric ton is also called tonne that's why i used tonne variable name in the program.Next statement declares the variable container_capacity which stores the amount of wheat a container can hold.Next the program prompts the user to enter amount of wheat that a container can hold.Next statement stores that input value (amount of wheat that container can hold).Last statement calculates and outputs the no. of containers required to store a tonne of wheat.The formula divides the value of one tonne i.e. 2205 by the capacity of the container to get no. of containers required to store one tonne of wheat.Suppose the container_capacity= 500So number of containers needed to store one metric ton of wheat istonne / container_capacity = 2205/500 = 4.41
To answer the question, a simple program can be outlined in pseudo-code that takes the capacity of a container in pounds and calculates how many such containers are needed to hold one metric ton of wheat, which equals approximately 2,205 pounds.
Explanation:The question requires creating a program to calculate the number of containers needed to store one metric ton of wheat, given the capacity of a container in pounds. A metric ton is approximately 2,205 pounds.
Example Program
For simplicity, we'll outline a program in a pseudo-code format:
STARTTo implement this code, you would need to handle division and possibly rounding up, as you cannot have a fraction of a container.
Write a program that prints the following text: In C, lowercase letters are significant. main() is where program execution begins. Opening and closing braces enclose program statements in a routine. All program statements must be terminated by a semicolon.
Answer:
Program:
#include <stdio.h> // header file
int main() // main function
{
printf("In C, lowercase letters are significant. main() is where program execution begins. Opening and closing braces enclose program statements in a routine. All program statements must be terminated by a semicolon."); // print statement which print the text which is said by the question to print.
return 0; // return statement
}
Output:
The above code print the text which is defined by the question to printExplanation:
The above code is in the c programming language.The first line of the code is a header file which is used to specify the meaning of the symbols used in programs.The second line of the code is the main function, from which the execution will starts.The third line of the code is the print statement which prints the above text.The fourth line of the code is a returned statement that returned 0 from where the function is called.In the last 60 years, computer processors have been evolving and processing speed has increased multiple times. Increasing processor speed along with increasing the number of processing cores has been the major trend. As a computer architect, we have an option of either increasing the number of cores to achieve better performance or increasing the processing speed of a single processor.
What would be your choice to go with in the prevailing scenario keeping in view the pros and cons of each approach? Provide logical reasoning in either case.
Answer:
Today technology is increased much and fast-growing industry. What we purchased or opt, computer architect is outdated within the day
Explanation:
If we purchase any computer and opt for a computer architect. Such as processor or core technology still will be outdated, moreover, nowadays operating system depends on processor speed. If end-user he or her as to keep in mind that hardware investment such a period of 1 year only. Once a one-year end-user has to opt for new technology otherwise exist software and application are outdated.
2) Show the decimal equivalent of each of the numbers if they are interpreted as (4 answers): 11001101 01101001 a. Unsigned binary b. Signed binary
Answer:
Signed: -4 -5 +6 -1
Unsigned: 12 13 6 9
Explanation:
We are given with binary number i.e. 1100110101101001. First of all we will break this binary number into sets of 4 starting from the right side of the binary number. First set will be 1001, second will be 0110, third wil be 1101, fourth will be 1100.
Basic concept of converting binary numbers into decimal numbers:
256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
Add the number written above each of the binary number if its 1 and ignore if its 0. Starting from the left side 0 represents 256 so, we will ignore it. 1 represents 128 so we will consider it and so on.
128+64+16+2+1 = 211
011010011 is the binary of 211.
For signed binary, if the last number of the set is 0 the, it is a postive number. For unsigned binary, if the last number of the set is negative then, it is a negative number.
For signed binary:
1100 1101 0110 1001
-4 -5 +6 -1
Note:
We are not adding these numbers because in the question it is specified to give 4 answers.
For unsigned binary:
1100 1101 0110 1001
12 13 6 9
Note:
We are not adding these numbers because in the question it is specified to give 4 answers.
11001101 (as unsigned binary) is 205 in decimal
11001101 (as signed binary) is -51 in decimal
01101001 (as unsigned binary) is 105 in decimal
01101001 (as signed binary) is still 105 in decimal.
Explanation:a. 11001101
1 => Treating as unsigned binary
Since the number is unsigned, the usual direct conversion to decimal is sufficient. i.e
11001101 = 1 x [tex]2^{7}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{6}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{5}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{4}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{3}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{2}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{1}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{0}[/tex]
11001101 = 128 + 64 + 0 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1
11001101 = 205 (in decimal)
Therefore 11001101 (as unsigned binary) is 205 in decimal
2 => Treating as signed binary
Signed binary using 2's complements dictates that the most significant bit (leftmost bit) in a binary number represents the sign of the bit. If the most significant bit is 0, then the number is positive. If it is 1, the number is negative.
Since the most significant bit of the number (11001101) is 1, then the number is negative.
Therefore to convert it to its decimal counterpart;
i. flip all its bits by changing all 1s to 0s and all 0s to 1s as follows
=> 11001101 = 00110010
ii. add 1 to the result above as follows
=> 00110010 + 1 = 00110011
iii. now convert the result to the decimal representation as follows
00110011 = 0 x [tex]2^{7}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{6}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{5}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{4}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{3}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{2}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{1}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{0}[/tex]
00110011 = 0 + 0 + 32 + 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1
00110011 = 51 (in decimal)
Therefore, 11001101 (as signed binary) is -51 in decimal
b. 01101001
1 => Treating as unsigned binary
Since the number is unsigned, the usual direct conversion to decimal is sufficient. i.e
01101001 = 0 x [tex]2^{7}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{6}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{5}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{4}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{3}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{2}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{1}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{0}[/tex]
01101001 = 0 + 64 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 1
01101001 = 105 (in decimal)
Therefore 01101001 (as unsigned binary) is 105 in decimal
2 => Treating as signed binary
Signed binary using 2's complements dictates that the most significant bit (leftmost bit) in a binary number represents the sign of the bit. If the most significant bit is 0, then the number is positive. If it is 1, the number is negative.
Since the most significant bit of the number (01101001) is 0, then the number is positive and the usual conversion to decimal will suffice. i.e
01101001 = 0 x [tex]2^{7}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{6}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{5}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{4}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{3}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{2}[/tex] + 0 x [tex]2^{1}[/tex] + 1 x [tex]2^{0}[/tex]
01101001 = 0 + 64 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 0 + 0 + 1
01101001 = 105 (in decimal)
Therefore 01101001 (as signed binary) is still 105 in decimal.
Note: A positive binary number will have the same value (in decimal) whether it is treated as signed or unsigned.
Propose a data structure that supports the stack push and pop operations and a third operation findMin, which returns the smallest element in the data structure, all in O(1) worst-case time. When you are convinced you have a working design, write a Java class that implements your proposed data structure (with methods). Include a block comment at the top of the Java file that describes your proposed data structure, so that the design documentation and the code are contained in a single file.
Answer: attached below
Explanation:
Final answer:
The MinStack class implements a stack that enables O(1) push, pop, and findMin operations by storing the minimum element alongside each node's value.
Explanation:
To support stack push, pop operations, and a findMin operation all in O(1) worst-case time, we can use a data structure design that keeps track of the current minimum element each time an element is added. This can be achieved by having each stack node not only contain the value of the element but also the minimum value at the time of its insertion into the stack. Below is a Java implementation of the proposed data structure:
/*
* Implements a stack with push, pop, and findMin operations running in O(1) time.
* Each stack node stores an element and the minimum value when this element was inserted.
*/
public class MinStack {
private static class StackNode {
int value;
int min;
StackNode next;
public StackNode(int value, int min) {
this.value = value;
this.min = min;
this.next = null;
}
}
private StackNode top;
public MinStack() {
top = null;
}
public void push(int element) {
if (top == null) {
top = new StackNode(element, element);
} else {
top = new StackNode(element, Math.min(element, top.min));
top.next = oldTop;
}
}
public int pop() {
if (top == null) throw new IllegalStateException("Stack is empty.");
int element = top.value;
top = top.next;
return element;
}
public int findMin() {
if (top == null) throw new IllegalStateException("Stack is empty.");
return top.min;
}
}
Backordered Parts is a defense contractor that builds communications parts for the military. The employees use mostly Web-based applications for parts design and information sharing. Due to the sensitive nature of the business, Backordered Parts would like to implement a solution that secures all browser connections to the Web servers. Select an encryption solution that best meets the company's needs and justify the recommendation.
Answer:
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
Explanation:
SSL is a standard security technology for setting up an encrypted link between a server and a client (in this case web browsers and web server). SSL is a security protocol that transmits sensitive information securely. As we know data transmitted between browsers and web servers is sent in the form of plain text. If a hacker is able to seize data being transmitted between a browser and a web server, they can misuse that information. So SSL makes the web servers and web browsers to communicate with each other securely. When transmitting confidential information, a web server and browser set up a secure connection using SSL certificate. The link between web server and browser is encrypted by SSL which makes sure that all data transmitted between them remains private and protected. Due to the sensitive nature of the business SSL is most suitable solution to keep sensitive information sent across internet encrypted making sure that only intended receiver can access it. SSL certificate is used for authentication purpose. For making sure that information is sent to right server, web browsers give indication of secured connection via a lock icon attached or uses https.Consider two different machines, with two different instruction sets, both of which have a clock rate of 200 MHz. The following measurements are recorded on the two machines running a given set of benchmark programs:Instruction Type Instruction Count (millions) Cycles per Instruction Machine A Arithmetic and logic 8 1Load and store 4 3Branch 2 4Others 4 3 Machine BArithmetic and logic 10 1Load and store 8 2Branch 2 4Others 4 3(a) Determine the effective CPI, MIPS rate, and execution time for each machine. (b) Comment on the results.
Final answer:
The effective CPI, MIPS rate, and execution time for each machine are calculated. Both machines have similar performance with minor variations.
Explanation:
(a) Effective CPI:
For Machine A:
Effective CPI = (Cycles per Instruction * Instruction Count) / 106
Effective CPI = ((1*8) + (3*4) + (4*2) + (3*4)) / 106
Effective CPI = 0.000058
For Machine B:
Effective CPI = ((1*10) + (2*8) + (4*2) + (3*4)) / 106
Effective CPI = 0.000062
MIPS rate:
MIPS = Clock rate (Hz) / (Cycles per Instruction * 106)
MIPS for Machine A = 200 MHz / (0.000058 * 106)
MIPS for Machine A = 3.4482
MIPS for Machine B = 200 MHz / (0.000062 * 106)
MIPS for Machine B = 3.2258
Execution time:
Execution time = (Instruction Count * Cycles per Instruction) / Clock rate
Execution time for Machine A = (18 * 106) / (200 * 106)
Execution time for Machine A = 0.09 seconds
Execution time for Machine B = (24 * 106) / (200 * 106)
Execution time for Machine B = 0.12 seconds
(b) Comment: Machine A has a slightly lower effective CPI and a slightly higher MIPS rate than Machine B. However, Machine B has a slightly longer execution time compared to Machine A. Overall, both machines have similar performance with minor variations.
One modeling technique drawn from systems analysis and design that can provide an excellent way to illustrate how a business functions is a(n) ____.:
Answer:
collaboration diagram
Explanation:
Collaboration diagram -
It refers to the diagram , which showcase the link between the unified modeling language with the software object , is referred to as the collaboration diagram.
It is also called the communication diagram .
These diagram are very important for a company as it is the pictorial representation.
Various software are used to make these diagrams.
Bob inadvertently disconnects the cable from the company file server. This creates a problem of _____.- confidentiality- integrity- availability- authentication- nonrepudiation
Answer: - availability
Explanation: disconnecting a cable connection to the company server shuts you out from having access to files contained in that server until reconnection and probably authentication and login.
The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology defines the incident response life cycle as having four main processes: 1) Preparation 2) Detection and analysis 3) Containment, eradication, and recovery; and 4) ____. Select one: a. incident report b. triage c. post-incident activity d. resolution
Answer:
C. Post-incident activity.
Explanation:
An incident is a event of intrusion or attack or violation of an attempt of an attack. An incident response is an opposing response to an attack or violation.
An incident response life cycle are stages followed to mitigate a current attack or violation. The stages of the incident response life cycle are, preparation, detection and analysis, containing and eradicating and recovery, and post incident activity.
True or False: A class that implements an interface may only implement a few of that interface's method declarations
Answer:
False
Explanation:
Whenever a class implements an interface, it has to define all the functions which are declared in the interface because in the interfaces, methods are only declared and not defined, so, if a method is left undefined, it leads to compilation error, that is why, all methods of an interface has to be defined by the class which is implemented that method.
A class that implements an interface may only implement a few of that interface's method declarations: False.
What is a class?A class can be defined as a user-defined blueprint (prototype) or template that is typically used by programmers to create objects and define the data types, categories, and methods that should be associated with these objects.
In object-oriented programming (OOP) language, a class that implements an interface would implement all of that interface's method declarations.
In conclusion, an object class represents the superclass of every other classes when an object-oriented programming (OOP) language such as Java is used.
Read more on class here: brainly.com/question/20264183
The US Census Bureau projects population based on the following assumptions: One birth every 7 seconds One death every 13 seconds One new immigrant every 45 seconds. Write a program to display the population for each of the next five years. Assume the current population is 312032486 and one year has 365 days.
Answer:
The required code is given below with appropriate comments for better understanding
Explanation:
public class Population
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int currentPopulation=312032486;
int numSecInyear=24*60*60*365;//for one day 24 hours,60 min,60 sec
System.out.println("current population:"+currentPopulation);
int numBirths=numSecInyear/7;
int numDeaths=numSecInyear/13;
int numImmigrant=numSecInyear/45;
//print the result using for loop
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++){
currentPopulation=currentPopulation+numBirths-numDeaths+numImmigrant;//add up births and immigrants, remove deaths
System.out.println("Population After year-"+i+":"+currentPopulation);
}
}
}
Sure! Here's a Python program to calculate and display the population for each of the next five years based on the provided assumptions:
#constants
BIRTH_RATE = 1 / 7
DEATH_RATE = 1 / 13
IMMIGRANT_RATE = 1 / 45
SECONDS_PER_YEAR = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60
# Initial population
population = 312032486
# Calculate population for each of the next five years
for year in range(1, 6):
# Calculate the change in population for one year
births = SECONDS_PER_YEAR // 7
deaths = SECONDS_PER_YEAR // 13
immigrants = SECONDS_PER_YEAR // 45
population_change = births - deaths + immigrants
# Update the population
population += population_change
# Display the population for the current year
print(f"Population after {year} year(s): {population}")
This program first defines constants for birth rate, death rate, immigrant rate, and the number of seconds in a year. Then, it initializes the population variable with the current population. It calculates the population change for each of the next five years based on the provided rates, updates the population accordingly, and prints the population for each year.
A(an)_____________ is a display that while showing you the output, allows you to touch it with your finger or a stylus to input
Answer:
Touch screen
Explanation:
A computer system is an electronic device that is meant to give processed output values to input values. The computer components are categorized into three parts, namely input devices, output devices and processing unit.
Input device component of a computer are used to give commands or input data values to the computer. Examples of input devices are keyboards, mouse, joystick, light pen and most recently, touchscreens.
Touch screen are input devices on the screens on computer systems like laptops and smartphones, that uses light sensors to input data when the screen is touched with the finger or a stylus.
Write a python script that will compute and display information for a company which rents vehicles to its customers.
For a specified customer, the program will compute and display the amount of money charged for that customer’s vehicle rental after prompting the user to enter the following four items for a given customer (in the specified order):
- The customer's classification code (a character either B, D, or W)
- The number of days the vehicle was rented (an integer)
- The vehicle's odometer reading at the start of the rental period (an integer)
- The vehicle's odometer reading at the end of the rental period (an integer)
The program will compute the amount of money that the customer will be billed, based on the customer's classification code, number of days in the rental period, and number of miles driven. The program will recognize both upper case and lower case letters for the classification codes.
- Code 'B' (budget) base charge: $40.00 for each day. Mileage charge: $0.25 for each mile driven
- Code 'D' (daily) base charge: $60.00 for each day. Mileage charge: no charge if the average number of miles driven per day is 100 miles or less; otherwise, $0.25 for each mile driven above the 100 mile per day limit.
- Code 'W' (Weekly) base charge: $350.00 for each week. If the car is kept less than 7 days, then $350.00 is still charged. For rental periods more than 7 days, the base charge is $350 per 7 days and $70 for any days making a fraction of a week(i.e. 9 days means $350 + 2* $70 = $490). Mileage charge: no charge this rental comes with unlimited miles
After calculating the bill, use formatted output to output the total bill with 2 decimal places of precision. Use an appropriate phrase for the output
The Python script calculates and displays the total bill for a customer's vehicle rental based on their classification code, rental duration, and odometer readings. The program considers specific pricing rules for each classification.
Here's a Python script that computes and displays the amount charged for a customer's vehicle rental based on the provided information:
python
def calculate_rental_cost(classification, days_rented, start_odometer, end_odometer):
# Constants for mileage charges
B_MILEAGE_CHARGE = 0.25
D_MILEAGE_CHARGE = 0.25
W_BASE_CHARGE = 350.00
W_DAILY_CHARGE = 70.00
# Convert classification code to uppercase
classification = classification.upper()
# Calculate base charge
if classification == 'B':
base_charge = 40.00 * days_rented
mileage_charge = B_MILEAGE_CHARGE * (end_odometer - start_odometer)
elif classification == 'D':
base_charge = 60.00 * days_rented
average_miles_per_day = (end_odometer - start_odometer) / days_rented
mileage_charge = 0.00 if average_miles_per_day <= 100 else D_MILEAGE_CHARGE * (end_odometer - start_odometer - 100 * days_rented)
elif classification == 'W':
weeks_rented = days_rented // 7
days_over_weeks = days_rented % 7
base_charge = W_BASE_CHARGE * weeks_rented + W_DAILY_CHARGE * days_over_weeks
mileage_charge = 0.00 # Unlimited miles for weekly rental
# Calculate total bill
total_bill = base_charge + mileage_charge
# Display the total bill with 2 decimal places
print(f"Total bill for the customer: ${total_bill:.2f}")
# Get input from the user
classification_code = input("Enter customer's classification code (B, D, or W): ")
days_rented = int(input("Enter the number of days the vehicle was rented: "))
start_odometer_reading = int(input("Enter the vehicle's odometer reading at the start: "))
end_odometer_reading = int(input("Enter the vehicle's odometer reading at the end: "))
# Calculate and display the total bill
calculate_rental_cost(classification_code, days_rented, start_odometer_reading, end_odometer_reading)
This script prompts the user for customer information and calculates the total bill based on the specified rules. It then displays the total bill with 2 decimal places.
Explain how it is possible for a sequence of packets transmitted through a wide area network to arrive at their destination in an order that differs from that in which they were sent. Why can’t this happen in a local network?)
Answer:
- Different route paths, due to dynamic routing in WAN.
- Local area networks have one or very few paths to destination and does not require dynamic routing.
Explanation:
A wide area network is a network that covers a large geographical area. It goes beyond the private local area network, with more routing paths and network intermediate devices. The router is an essential tool for routing packets between devices. It requires a routing path, learnt statically or dynamically to work.
There are mainly two types of route paths, they are, static routes and dynamic routes.
The dynamic routes are used mainly in WAN. Sometimes, there can be multiple path to a destination, the router determines the best path to send the packets. It sends the sequenced packets through all available path and they arrive at the destination depending on the path used, the packets arrive in an out -of-order fashion in the destination and a rearranged.
What does the author mean by "Room to think?" In your opinion, why is "Room to think" important or not?
Reference: Kirk, Andy. Data Visualisation: A Handbook for Data Driven Design (p. 50). SAGE Publications
Explanation:
The "Room to think" defined by the author can mean the proposal that each individual must obtain knowledge on a certain subject through research and self-study, inspiring the reading of the book.
Therefore, it is considered that the space to think is important, as it motivates the individual improvement to obtain more learning and knowledge on a subject, according to their own analyzes and studies.
The author means providing an environment for critical reflection when he says 'Room to think.'
The author, Andy Kirk, in his book Data Visualisation: A Handbook for Data Driven Design refers to 'Room to think' as the allowance of space and time to process information and ideas critically.
This concept means providing an environment where one can reflect deeply on the data, consider different perspectives, and reach meaningful conclusions. According to researchers, allowing time to think is an important part of learning because it enables higher-order thinking skills like critical and analytical reasoning.
This is particularly crucial in our current era of rapid technological change, as noted by Lee (2020), who emphasizes the need for critical thinking.
The running time of Algorithm A is (1/4) n2+ 1300, and the running time of another Algorithm B for solving the same problem is 112n − 8. Assuming all other factors equal, at what input size(s) would we prefer one algorithm to the other?
Answer:
Answer is explained below
Explanation:
The running time is measured in terms of complexity classes generally expressed in an upper bound notation called the big-Oh ( "O" ) notation. We need to find the upper bound to the running time of both the algorithms and then we may compare the worst case complexities, it is also important to note that the complexity analysis holds true (and valid) for large input sizes, so, for inputs with smaller sizes, an algorithm with higher complexity class may outperform the one with lower complexity class i.e, efficiency of an algorithm may vary in cases where input sizes are smaller & more efficient algorithm might be outperformed by the lesser efficient algorithms in those cases.
That's the reason why we consider inputs of larger sizes when comparing the complexity classes of the respective algorithms under consideration.
Now coming to our question for algorithm A, we have,
let F(n) = 1/4x² + 1300
So, we can tell the upper bound to the function O(F(x)) = g(x) = x2
Also for algorithm B, we have,
let F(x) = 112x - 8
So, we can tell the upper bound to the function O(F(x)) = g(x) = x
Clearly, algorithmic complexity of algorithm A > algorithmic complexity of algorithm B
Hence we can say that for sufficiently large inputs , algorithm B will be a better choice.
Now to find the exact location of the graph in which algorithmic complexity for algorithm B becomes lesser than
algorithm A.
We need to find the intersection point of the given two equations by solving them:
We have the 2 equations as follows:
y = F(x) = 1/4x² + 1300 __(1)
y = F(X) = 112x - 8 __(2)
Let's put the value of from (2) in (1)
=> 112x - 8 = 1/4x² + 1300
=> 112x - 0.25x² = 1308
=> 0.25x² - 112x + 1308 = 0
Solving, we have
=> x = (112 ± 106) / 0.5
=> x = 436, 12
We can obtain the value for y by putting x in any of the equation:
At x=12 , y= 1336
At x = 436 , y = 48824
So we have two intersections at point (12,1336) & (436, 48824)
So before first intersection, the
Function F(x) = 112x - 8 takes lower value before x=12
& F(x) = 1/4x² + 1300 takes lower value between (12, 436)
& F(x) = 112x - 8 again takes lower value after (436,∞)
Hence,
We should choose Algorithm B for input sizes lesser than 12
& Algorithm A for input sizes between (12,436)
& Algorithm B for input sizes greater than (436,∞)
To determine at which input size one would prefer Algorithm A over B, their running times must be set equal and the resulting quadratic equation solved for 'n'. Algorithm A is quadratic (O(n^2)), while Algorithm B is linear (O(n)), indicating Algorithm B is better for large inputs. The exact crossover point is found by solving the quadratic equation formed by equating the two running times.
The question asks at what input size one would prefer Algorithm A ((1/4)n2 + 1300) over Algorithm B (112n
- 8) or vice versa, assuming all other factors equal. When analyzing the running time of algorithms, we focus on the highest-order terms, also known as Big-O notation. The running time of Algorithm A, in Big-O notation, is O(n2), while the running time for Algorithm B is O(n). Therefore, Algorithm B is more efficient for large input sizes due to its linear time complexity compared to Algorithm A's quadratic time complexity.
To determine the exact point where one algorithm becomes preferable over the other, we have to set their running times equal to each other and solve for n:
First, equate the two expressions: (1/4)n2 + 1300 = 112n - 8.Rearrange the terms: (1/4)n2 - 112n + 1308 = 0.Solve the quadratic equation for n.After solving the quadratic equation, we will get the values of n at which the running time of both algorithms is the same. For values lower than this n, Algorithm A would be preferred, and for values higher, Algorithm B would be more efficient.
To determine at which input size one would prefer Algorithm A over B, their running times must be set equal and the resulting quadratic equation solved for 'n'. Algorithm A is quadratic (O(n^2)), while Algorithm B is linear (O(n)), indicating Algorithm B is better for large inputs. The exact crossover point is found by solving the quadratic equation formed by equating the two running times.
The question asks at what input size one would prefer Algorithm A ((1/4)n2 + 1300) over Algorithm B (112n
- 8) or vice versa, assuming all other factors equal. When analyzing the running time of algorithms, we focus on the highest-order terms, also known as Big-O notation. The running time of Algorithm A, in Big-O notation, is O(n2), while the running time for Algorithm B is O(n). Therefore, Algorithm B is more efficient for large input sizes due to its linear time complexity compared to Algorithm A's quadratic time complexity.
To determine the exact point where one algorithm becomes preferable over the other, we have to set their running times equal to each other and solve for n:
First, equate the two expressions: (1/4)n2 + 1300 = 112n - 8.Rearrange the terms: (1/4)n2 - 112n + 1308 = 0.Solve the quadratic equation for n.After solving the quadratic equation, we will get the values of n at which the running time of both algorithms is the same. For values lower than this n, Algorithm A would be preferred, and for values higher, Algorithm B would be more efficient.
To determine at which input size one would prefer Algorithm A over B, their running times must be set equal and the resulting quadratic equation solved for 'n'. Algorithm A is quadratic (O(n^2)), while Algorithm B is linear (O(n)), indicating Algorithm B is better for large inputs. The exact crossover point is found by solving the quadratic equation formed by equating the two running times.
The question asks at what input size one would prefer Algorithm A ((1/4)n2 + 1300) over Algorithm B (112n
- 8) or vice versa, assuming all other factors equal. When analyzing the running time of algorithms, we focus on the highest-order terms, also known as Big-O notation. The running time of Algorithm A, in Big-O notation, is O(n2), while the running time for Algorithm B is O(n). Therefore, Algorithm B is more efficient for large input sizes due to its linear time complexity compared to Algorithm A's quadratic time complexity.
To determine the exact point where one algorithm becomes preferable over the other, we have to set their running times equal to each other and solve for n:
First, equate the two expressions: (1/4)n2 + 1300 = 112n - 8.Rearrange the terms: (1/4)n2 - 112n + 1308 = 0.Solve the quadratic equation for n.After solving the quadratic equation, we will get the values of n at which the running time of both algorithms is the same. For values lower than this n, Algorithm A would be preferred, and for values higher, Algorithm B would be more efficient.